甘肃陇南市武都区2025-2026学年武都市陇南第一中学高一下学期期中考试英语试卷

参考答案 1．答案：C 解析：原文定位第一段最后一句：Coastal Cleanup Crew volunteers are essential in safeguarding marine habitats and protecting vulnerable species safeguard marine habitats = 保护海洋栖息地protect species = 保护物种→ 合起来就是 保护海洋生态系统（marine ecosystems）排除A 推广旅游 → 没提B 研究洋流 → 没提D 建造娱乐设施 → 没提 2．答案：B 解析：原文定位AGE 部分第一句：Volunteers must be 10 or older.最低年龄要求：10 岁 3．答案：B 解析：原文定位AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING 部分：Work continues in light rain — bring a waterproof jacket!志愿者必须做好小雨天继续工作的准备。排除A 自带专业工具 → 原文说 equipment provided（工具会提供）C 穿统一服装 → 没提D 参加全部三场活动 → 没要求必须全参加 4．答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据Museum of Motherhood (MOM)部分中的“The Museum of Motherhood is the first of its kind — a museum and educational center covering the art, science and history of mothers.(母亲博物馆是同类博物馆中的第一个——一个涵盖母亲艺术、科学和历史的博物馆和教育中心)”可知，母亲博物馆是第一个此类博物馆，是一个涵盖母亲的艺术、科学和历史的教育中心，由此可知，母亲博物馆的主要目的是加深社会对母性的欣赏。故选D。 5．答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据National Comedy Center (NCC)部分中的““Before visitors go through the entrance, they create their ‘sense of humor profile,’” says executive director Journey Gunderson. “They choose what they find funny, and the data is collected on a digital chip they wear on a wrist called a LaughBand so that the comedy content is customized based on their personal taste.”(执行董事Journey Gunderson说：“在游客通过入口之前，他们会创建自己的‘幽默感档案’。”。“他们选择他们觉得有趣的东西，数据收集在他们戴在手腕上的一个叫做LaughBand的数字芯片上，这样喜剧内容就可以根据他们的个人品味进行定制。”)”可知，NCC博物馆依据游客喜好个性化定制体验。故选A。 6．答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Museums have changed. We’ll always have the Met in New York and the Louvre in Paris, but nowadays you’ll find a museum for absolutely everything and everyone. The following are some of the most fascinating museums based on their community importance, level of enjoyment, and the beauty of the collections.(博物馆已经发生了变化。我们总是有纽约的大都会博物馆和巴黎的卢浮宫，但现在你会发现适合各种事物和所有人的博物馆。以下是一些最迷人的博物馆，基于其社区重要性、享受程度和藏品之美)”以及结合下文可知，这几个博物馆都是基于独特的想法而建立的。故选A。 7．答案：A 解析：词句猜测题。根据第二段“This question is interesting because it is about “thirst”. Humans show this in different degrees (it can be just a little or I-can-wolf-the-whole-bowl-down).(这个问题很有趣，因为它涉及到“口渴”这一话题。人类在不同程度上会表现出口渴的症状（有的只是轻微口渴，有的则会一口气把整碗水喝光）)”可知，此处指人类表现出口渴的感觉，故this指的是“口渴的感觉”。 8．答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Since the salt concentration in the blood of seawater fish is lower than the water they are surrounded by, they are often threatened by dehydration (脱水), so they actively drink water. Thanks to the impressive design of their gills (鳃), they can drink saltwater, process it and then remove the extra salt from their bodies.(由于海水鱼血液中的盐分浓度低于它们所处的海水浓度，它们往往会面临脱水的威胁，因此它们会主动饮水。得益于它们鳃部的出色设计，它们能够饮用海水，对其进行处理，然后将体内的多余盐分排出体外)”可知，海水鱼类喝水是为了防止体内水分流失。 9．答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“Actually, thirst, in fish, is more of a simple response that happens without requiring a thoughtful decision on their part (unlike humans); it just happens.(实际上，对于鱼类来说，口渴这种生理反应更像是一种简单的本能反应，它不会像人类那样需要它们自己进行深思熟虑的判断；它只是自然而然地就会发生)”可知，鱼类的口渴现象是一种自然反应。 10．答案：B 解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“Humans cannot possibly survive without a handful of things. Water, undoubtedly, is one of the most important. Regarding our total dependence on water for survival, have you ever wondered if other creatures also depend on water so much? Let’s narrow down the kind of “creatures” to fish. This may sound a bit strange, but do fish feel thirsty too?(人类若缺少一些基本条件就无法生存。水无疑是最为重要的因素之一。关于人类对水的完全依赖以维持生命这一点，你是否曾思考过其他生物是否也如此依赖水呢？让我们把“生物”的种类限定为鱼类。这听起来可能有点奇怪，但鱼也会感到口渴吗？)”结合本文围绕鱼是否会口渴展开，对比淡水鱼与海水鱼因体液盐分浓度差异，饮水行为截然不同，说明鱼类饮水是本能生理反应，和人类主动口渴不同。可知，B选项“鱼会口渴吗？”最符合文章标题。 11．答案：B 解析：根据题干描述，当神经元被激活时，小鼠进食量减少，且研究人员提到这些神经元帮助小鼠逐渐停止进食，说明其主要功能是让小鼠产生饱腹感，故选B。 12．答案：C 解析：原文中“discern”所在的语境为神经元激活后小鼠停止进食，结合实验逻辑，“discern”应表示“识别”或“感知”饱足信号，故选C。 13．答案：D 解析：文中明确提到研究人员通过控制与神经元连接的光来激活或抑制神经元，从而观察小鼠的进食行为变化，因此答案选D。 14．答案：D 解析：文章核心围绕神经元在调控饱足感中的作用展开，选项D直接点明这一主题，其他选项或侧重技术手段(A、B)或存在表述错误(C),故选D。 15．答案：B；D；E；G；F 解析：①由上文“Are you hoping to improve your confidence and willingness to take risks? Do you want to be supportive by practicing patience and active listening?(你是否希望提高自己的信心和冒险意愿？你是否想通过练习耐心和积极倾听来给予支持？)”及下文“To help you grow these leadership skills and more, we’ve put together a list of ideas for you to consider.(为了帮助你培养这些领导技能以及更多技能，我们整理了一份供你考虑的建议清单。)”可知，上文提出了关于领导力的一些品质，下文则表明要提供培养这些领导力的建议，本空应说明一个强大的领导者具备这些品质，从而引出下文的建议。B选项“A strong leader has many of these characteristics.(一个强大的领导者具备许多这些特质。)”符合语境，承上启下。故选B。 ②由上文“Finding a local organization or project that interests you not only makes it easier to complete rewarding work as you collaborate with other enthusiastic individuals, but it also can help you exercise a willingness to help others.(找到一个你感兴趣的当地组织或项目，不仅会让你更容易与其他热情的人合作完成有意义的工作，还能帮助你培养帮助他人的意愿。)”及下文“A good leader always tries to support and inspire their team.(一个好的领导者总是努力支持和激励他们的团队。)”可知，上文提到通过参与社区活动可以培养帮助他人的意愿，下文则强调好领导者的特质，本空应说明服务他人与领导力的关系，D选项“When you serve others, you begin to understand what it means to lead.(当你为他人服务时，你就会开始理解领导力的含义。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 ③由上文“When you teach someone else, you practice patience, clear communication and problem solving.(当你教别人时，你就在练习耐心、清晰的沟通和解决问题的能力。)”可知，上文提到通过教别人可以培养一些领导力相关的技能，本空应进一步说明这些技能与领导力的关系，E选项“Strong leaders share their knowledge and celebrate the successes of others.(强大的领导者会分享他们的知识，并庆祝他人的成功。)”与上文内容相呼应，符合语境。故选E。 ④由上文“Join a School Club or Team(加入学校社团或团队)”以及下文“Whether you’re running for student council or trying out for your favorite school sports team, working well with others, making decisions and representing your peers are all skills you will practice in these groups.(无论你是竞选学生会还是参加你最喜欢的学校运动队，与他人良好合作、做出决策和代表同龄人都是你在这些团队中会练习的技能。)”可知，上文提出加入学校社团或团队的建议，下文说明了加入学校社团或团队能培养的领导力技能，本空应总述加入学校社团或团队能带来的好处。G选项“Being part of an organized school group or club comes with many valuable lessons.(成为有组织的学校团体或俱乐部的一员会带来很多有价值的经验。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 ⑤由上文“Whether you’re running for student council or trying out for your favorite school sports team, working well with others, making decisions and representing your peers are all skills you will practice in these groups.(无论你是竞选学生会还是参加你最喜欢的学校运动队，与他人良好合作、做出决策和代表同龄人都是你在这些团队中会练习的技能。)”和下文“It also helps you get out of your comfort zone! Leaders often are tasked with organizing a team and carrying out a plan that leads everyone toward a specific goal.(它还能帮助你走出舒适区！领导者经常被赋予组织团队和执行计划的任务，带领每个人朝着一个特定的目标前进。)”可知，上文已经列了一系列技能，下文进一步说明了加入学校社团或团队对培养领导力的其他作用，本空应进一步补充其他好处。F选项“Not to mention, you’ll most likely work with leaders in your school or community.(更不用说，你很可能会与学校或社区中的领导者合作。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选F。 16．答案：B 解析：考查名词。句意：在这次最新的挫折来临之前，这支球队还在欧战中惨败并且主场落败。A. victory胜利；B. setback挫折；C. celebration庆祝；D. training训练。根据前文“Liam Rosenior’s team had just lost their fourth straight game, 3-0”可知，球队接连输球，本场失利是一次挫折。 17．答案：B 解析：考查名词。句意：面对外界所有的负面舆论，罗西尼奥尔告诉他的球员们“忘掉这一切”。A. praise赞扬；B. noise负面议论；C. support支持；D. advice建议。根据前文“The media criticized him harshly, and fans voiced their anger online”可知，媒体与球迷的负面评价属于外界嘈杂的负面声音。 18．答案：A 解析：考查动词短语。句意：这位在一月份接手球队的罗西尼奥尔，承认当下的消极局面，但也指出了球队的亮点。A. took over接管；B. looked over检查；C. came across偶遇；D. got through通过。根据后文“admitted negativity but noted they had ______ 17 points from 10 league games”可知，他执教球队后客观看待队伍现状，由此判断他在一月接手球队。 19．答案：D 解析：考查动词。句意：但他指出球队在十场联赛中斩获17个积分，同期排名第四。A. lost失去；B. selected挑选；C. favored偏爱；D. earned赢得。根据后文“17 points from 10 league games”可知，分数是球队在比赛中努力争取、获得的。 20．答案：C 解析：考查动词。句意：他强调保持冷静，将国际比赛间歇期视作自我反思的良好时机。A. train训练；B. warn警告；C. reflect反思；D. delay拖延。根据后文“He also pointed out defensive mistakes that ______ goals to the opponent”可知，球队存在诸多防守问题，需要利用间歇期反思整改。 21．答案：B 解析：考查动词。句意：他还指出防守失误白白送给对手进球，并称必须快速做出调整改变。A. saved挽救；B. gifted拱手送出；C. blocked阻挡；D. scored得分。根据前文“defensive mistakes”以及球队接连输球的背景可知，防守失误直接造成丢球，白白送给对手机会。 22．答案：A 解析：考查副词。句意：他还指出防守失误白白送给对手进球，并称必须迅速做出调整改变。A. quickly迅速地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. secretly秘密地；D. gradually逐渐地。根据前文“the team had suffered a heavy loss in Europe and a home defeat”可知，球队连续惨败，急需立刻改正防守问题。 23．答案：D 解析：考查动词。句意：休赛期期间，队员詹姆斯·加纳凭借出色表现首次入选国家队，将这周称作梦想之周。A. marking标志；B. naming命名；C. declaring宣称；D. calling称作。根据后文“it a dream week”可知，加纳把这段经历称作梦想般的一周。 24．答案：C 解析：考查动词。句意：罗西尼奥尔借用加纳的事例提醒全队，保持坚韧顽强就能收获理想结果。A. ask询问；B. order命令；C. remind提醒；D. warn警告。根据前文“James Garner, a team member, earned his first national team call-up”可知，加纳的成功是正面案例，主帅用来提醒全队队员。 25．答案：A 解析：考查名词。句意：这支球队重拾斗志与活力，以全新的状态回归训练。A. energy活力；B. doubt怀疑；C. fear恐惧；D. patience耐心。根据前文“Rosenior used Garner’s example to ______ the team that staying strong could lead to good results.”可知，正面激励让球队重拾斗志与活力。 26．答案：D 解析：考查动词。句意：间歇期结束后，他们还有七场比赛去争取一个理想的赛季收尾成绩。A. avoid避免；B. cancel取消；C. delay推迟；D. secure争取获得。根据后文“By forgetting the noise and concentrating on what they could control, they achieved a(n) ______ comeback.”可知，球队要利用剩余比赛争取好成绩。 27．答案：C 解析：考查动词。句意：罗西尼奥尔的想法十分明确：保持专注，从失误中吸取教训，相信团队的成长过程。A. recover恢复；B. hear听见；C. learn学习；吸取；D. benefit获益。根据前文“He also pointed out defensive mistakes”可知，球队需要从过往的失误中吸取经验教训。 28．答案：C 解析：考查名词。句意：正如加纳的成功所展现的那样，个人与团队的共同努力能够扭转整个赛季的局势。A. luck运气；B. talent天赋；C. effort努力；D. patience耐心。根据后文“By forgetting the noise and concentrating on what they could control, they achieved a ________ comeback”可知，专注付出与不懈努力帮助球队完成逆袭。 29．答案：B 解析：考查形容词。句意：球队抛开外界纷扰，专注自身可控之事，最终完成了一次亮眼出色的逆袭。A. easy轻松的；B. remarkable出色的；C. boring乏味的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据前文“the team had just lost their fourth straight game”与逆袭成功的前后反差可知，这次逆转十分出色亮眼。 30．答案：A 解析：考查形容词。句意：罗西尼奥尔之后表示，即便经历了先前接连的失利，球队的信念也从未崩塌。A. previous先前的；B. instant即时的；C. apparent明显的；D. final最终的。根据前文“Liam Rosenior’s team had just lost their fourth straight game, 3-0. Before this latest ______ , the team had suffered a heavy loss in Europe and a home defeat.”可知，此处指球队此前发生的一系列连败失利。 31．答案：artistic；expressed；forms；to；a；to photograph；which；have been established；breathing；commitment 解析： 32．答案：Dear Martin, I’m delighted to hear that you and your family are coming to China to experience our Spring Festival. The main custom of the festival is the New Year’s Eve dinner, where families gather to feast on symbolic dishes like dumplings, which represent wealth and luck, especially in the north. In the south, people prefer tangyuan—sweet rice balls symbolizing unity. For my hometown specialty, I must insist that you and your family try Peking Duck. The duck is hung and flame-roasted, shaved into slices, dipped in sweet flour sauce, and wrapped inside a paper-thin pancake. I bet it will be an unforgettable experience for you and your family. Yours, Li Hua 解析： 33．答案：“Lift her legs a bit more,” Mr. Thompson directed. He wrapped an emergency blanket around her. “Keep talking to her — anything to keep her awake.” Sophie, Josh and I took turns telling jokes that made Lily groan despite the pain. Her faint laughter was the sweetest sound. But as the air grew colder, her grip weakened. “Stay with us,” Mr. Thompson urged. “Tell us about Tokyo’s cherry blossoms,” I added softly. She described busy markets and pink skies, struggling to stay conscious. At last, the ambulance arrived. The paramedics checked our work and nodded. “Great job — you stabilized her perfectly.” Lily squeezed my hand weakly before they carried her away. Three weeks later, she returned to class, slightly lame but bright. She placed a paper crane on my desk. “In Japan, this crane stands for healing. You helped me hold on.” Deeply moved, I decided then that I would always be someone who help people stand up again when they fall. 解析：1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“‘把她的腿再抬高一点。’汤普森先生指挥道。”可知，第一段可以描写众人在汤普森先生的指导下救助受伤的莉莉，轮流和她说话、讲笑话让她保持清醒，莉莉强忍疼痛回应大家，在寒冷中大家不断鼓励她不要放弃。 ②由第二段句首内容“终于，救护车到了。”可知，第二段可以描写救护车赶到，医护人员肯定了大家的急救措施，莉莉被送走；三周后莉莉康复返校，送给作者象征康复的纸鹤并表达感谢，作者深受触动并立下要帮助他人的志向，点明文章主旨。 2.续写线索：汤普森先生指挥——众人施救 —— 不断鼓励维持清醒 —— 救护车赶到——送医救治 ——莉莉康复返校致谢 —— 收到纸鹤深受感动 —— 立下助人志向升华主旨 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①用急救毯包裹她：wrap an emergency blanket around her/cover her with an emergency blanket ②轮流做某事：take turns doing sth./do sth. in turn ③努力保持清醒：struggle to stay conscious/try hard to keep awake 情绪类 ①感动：move/touch ②悦耳的：sweet/musical 【高分句型1】Sophie, Josh and I took turns telling jokes that made Lily groan despite the pain. (运用了that引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】Lily squeezed my hand weakly before they carried her away. (运用了before引导的时间状语从句) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 绝密★启用前 2025-2026学年武都市陇南第一中学高一下学期 期中考试英语试卷 一、阅读理解 Coastal Cleanup Crew Help preserve Marin’s stunning coastlines from Ocean Cove to Drake’s Beach. Join us in removing marine debris, recycling plastics, and documenting pollution data. Coastal Cleanup Crew volunteers are essential in safeguarding marine habitats and protecting vulnerable species like seabirds and sea turtles. GROUPS Groups of six or more must make arrangements ahead of time. Check the Project Availability Calendar and submit a Group Registration Form to secure your spot. AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING Volunteers must be 10 or older. Review the Youth Safety Guidelines for participants under 16. Bring a signed Volunteer Waiver Form. Minors need a parent/guardian’s signature. Dress in sturdy, weather-appropriate clothing that can withstand sand and saltwater. Bring a hat, sunscreen, and a reusable water bottle. Pack a lunch and waterproof boots if possible. Work continues in light rain—bring a waterproof jacket! No prior experience needed. Training, gloves, and equipment provided. Counts toward community service hours. UPCOMING EVENTS Date    Time Meeting Point Saturday, Feb. 4    9:00 AM – 12:30 PM Ocean Cove Visitor Center Sunday, Feb. 12    8:30 AM – 1:00 PM Drake’s Beach North Lot Saturday, Feb. 18    10:00 AM – 2:00 PM Limantour Spit Trailhead 1．What is the primary goal of the Coastal Cleanup Crew? A. To promote local tourism. B. To study ocean currents. C. To protect marine ecosystems. D. To build recreational facilities. 2．What is the minimum age requirement for volunteers? A. 8. B. 10. C. 16. D. 18. 3．What must volunteers be prepared for? A. Bring specialized tools. B. Work in light rain. C. Wear provided uniforms. D. Attend all three events. Yes, There’s a Museum for That! Museums have changed. We’ll always have the Met in New York and the Louvre in Paris, but nowadays you’ll find a museum for absolutely everything and everyone. The following are some of the most fascinating museums based on their community importance, level of enjoyment, and the beauty of the collections. Museum of Motherhood (MOM) St. Petersburg, Florida The Museum of Motherhood is the first of its kind — a museum and educational center covering the art, science and history of mothers. “I watched a couple of kids from the local high school try on the pregnancy vests groaning (抱怨),” says museum founder Martha Joy Rose. “Within five minutes, they begged to take them off.” National Comedy Center (NCC) Jamestown, New York Based in Lucille Ball’s hometown, this museum features exhibits such as Jerry Seinfeld’s puffy shirt and Joan Rivers’s card catalog of 65,000 jokes. “Before visitors go through the entrance, they create their ‘sense of humor profile,’” says executive director Journey Gunderson. “They choose what they find funny, and the data is collected on a digital chip they wear on a wrist called a LaughBand so that the comedy content is customized based on their personal taste.” Museum of Bad Art (MOBA) Boston, Massachusetts MOBA collects, exhibits and celebrates art that will be shown in no other museum. The museum’s new location, in the Dorchester Brewing Co., assumes visitors would need a drink after seeing this work. Highlights include Lucy in the Field with Flowers, a painting found in 1993 leaning against a trash bin, waiting for garbage collection. A low point — and a must-see — is the painting Our Lady of Endless Housework. 4．What can be the main purpose of Museum of Motherhood? A. To build social bonds among teenagers. B. To offer parenting guidance for mothers. C. To showcase art work created by mothers. D. To deepen societal appreciation for motherhood. 5．How does NCC personalize their visitors’ experiences? A. By using visitor preferences. B. By introducing wine industry. C. By surveying the visitors’ needs. D. By applying interactive technology. 6．What do these museums have in common? A. They grow out of unique ideas. B. They focus on community values. C. They house priceless cultural treasures. D. They aim to refine artistic sensibilities. Humans cannot possibly survive without a handful of things. Water, undoubtedly, is one of the most important. Regarding our total dependence on water for survival, have you ever wondered if other creatures also depend on water so much? Let’s narrow down the kind of “creatures” to fish. This may sound a bit strange, but do fish feel thirsty too? This question is interesting because it is about “thirst”. Humans show this in different degrees (it can be just a little or I-can-wolf-the-whole-bowl-down). Thirst is an altogether different thing when we’re talking about creatures that live in water for most of their lives. Think of it this way: how would you ever feel hungry if you lived inside a pizza? Similarly, how can fish feel a strong need to drink water when they are practically surrounded by water all the time? However, it’s not as simple as that. Both freshwater and seawater fish show different behaviors when it comes to actively drinking water. Freshwater fish have blood with a higher concentration (浓度) of salt than the water they are surrounded by. Therefore, they run a high risk of having their blood diluted (稀释) if they drink water. This is why they don’t actively drink water to keep the balance of salt and water inside their bodies. Since the salt concentration in the blood of seawater fish is lower than the water they are surrounded by, they are often threatened by dehydration (脱水), so they actively drink water. Thanks to the impressive design of their gills (鳃), they can drink saltwater, process it and then remove the extra salt from their bodies. Actually, thirst, in fish, is more of a simple response that happens without requiring a thoughtful decision on their part (unlike humans); it just happens. Fish don’t necessarily have to feel thirsty in order to drink water. They don’t have that need to drink water after a hard round of exercise, or after walking across town on a hot, sunny day. One less thing to worry about! 7．What does the underlined word “this” in the second paragraph refer to? A. The feeling of thirst. B. The question about fish. C. The need to live inside water. D. The ability to drink a whole bowl of water. 8．What can be inferred about fish’s behaviors? A. Seawater fish drink water to increase the salt level in their blood. B. Seawater fish drink water to avoid losing water from their bodies. C. Freshwater fish don’t drink water because they are threatened by losing water. D. Freshwater fish don’t drink water because they take in enough water through their skin. 9．Which of the following can best describe thirst in fish? A. A mental need. B. An unusual feeling. C. A natural reaction. D. A thoughtful choice. 10．What is the most suitable title for the text? A. Why Is Water Important? B. Do Fish Get Thirsty? C. How Are Fish Different? D. How Do Fish Process Saltwater? Columbia scientists have found specialized neurons (神经元) in the brains of mice that order the animals to stop eating. Though many feeding circuits (回路) in the brain are known to play a role in monitoring food intake, the neurons in those circuits do not make the final decision to cease eating a meal. How does the brain know when the body has had enough and how does it act on that information to stop eating? Alexander Nectow, a physician-scientist at Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and his team member, Srikanta Chowdhury, used new single-cell techniques that make it possible to peer into a region of the brain and discern different types of cells that until now have been difficult to distinguish from one another. During their profiling of a brainstem (脑干) region known for processing complex signals, the researchers spotted previously unrecognized cells that had similar characteristics to other neurons involved in regulating appetite. To see how the neurons influenced eating,the researchers engineered the neurons so they could be turned on and off by the researchers with light. When the neurons were activated by the light, the mice ate much smaller meals. The intensity of the activation determined how quickly animals stopped eating. “Interestingly, these neurons don’t just signal an immediate stop; they help the mice to slow down their eating gradually,” said Chowdhury. The researchers also looked at how other eating circuits and hormones affected the neurons. The researchers found that the neurons were silenced by a hormone that increases appetite and activated by a GLP-1 agonist, a class of drugs now popular for treating obesity and diabetes. These experiments found that these inputs helped the neurons track each bite the mice took. “Essentially, these neurons can smell food, see food, feel food in the mouth and in the gut (肠道), and interpret all the gut hormones that are released in response to eating,” said Nectow. “And ultimately, they leverage all of this information to decide when enough is enough.” 11．What is the main function of the specialized neurons found in mice’s brains? A．Helping mice digest. B．Making mice feel full. C．Choosing what mice eat. D．Monitoring mice’s energy intake. 12．What does the underlined word “discern” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Illustrate. B．Combine. C．Recognize. D．Analyze. 13．How did researchers know the effect of the new neurons on eating behavior? A．By observing the mice’s eating habits. B．By comparing the mice’s weight changes. C．By engineering the neurons in the mice’s bodies. D．By controlling the light connected to the neurons. 14．Which can be the best title for the text? A．New Techniques in Brain Cell Research B．The Impact of Light on Controlling Eating C．The Role of Hormones in Appetite Regulation D．Brain Cells Which Tell You When to Stop Eating 二、七选五 15．If you are seeking out leadership opportunities, you should think about what qualities you would like to build as a leader. Are you hoping to improve your confidence and willingness to take risks? Do you want to be supportive by practicing patience and active listening? ①____________ To help you grow these leadership skills and more, we’ve put together a list of ideas for you to consider. Volunteer in Your Community Finding a local organization or project that interests you not only makes it easier to complete rewarding work as you collaborate with other enthusiastic individuals, but it also can help you exercise a willingness to help others. ②____________ A good leader always tries to support and inspire their team. Tutor Your Friends in Your Best Subject Even if your schedule is already jam-packed, you still can strive to be a leader in your daily activities. If you know someone struggling with a subject or topic that you understand well, consider helping them with this subject when you hang out. When you teach someone else, you practice patience, clear communication and problem solving. ③____________ Join a School Club or Team ④____________ Whether you’re running for student council or trying out for your favorite school sports team, working well with others, making decisions and representing your peers are all skills you will practice in these groups. ⑤____________ It also helps you get out of your comfort zone! Leaders often are tasked with organizing a team and carrying out a plan that leads everyone toward a specific goal. A. Leadership requires time and willingness to learn. B. A strong leader has many of these characteristics. C. Effective leaders work tirelessly to meet the needs of others. D. When you serve others, you begin to understand what it means to lead. E. Strong leaders share their knowledge and celebrate the successes of others. F. Not to mention, you’ll most likely work with leaders in your school or community. G. Being part of an organized school group or club comes with many valuable lessons. 三、完形填空（15空） Liam Rosenior’s team had just lost their fourth straight game, 3-0. Before this latest         1        , the team had suffered a heavy loss in Europe and a home defeat. The media criticized him harshly, and fans voiced their anger online. Facing all the outside         2        , Rosenior told his players to “forget it.” Rosenior, who         3         the team in January, admitted negativity but noted they had         4         17 points from 10 league games, ranking fourth during that period. He stressed staying calm, seeing the international break as a good time to         5        . He also pointed out defensive mistakes that         6         goals to the opponent, saying changes must be made         7        . During the break, James Garner, a team member, earned his first national team call-up (入选) with an excellent performance,         8         it a dream week. Rosenior used Garner’s example to         9         the team that staying strong could lead to good results. The team returned to training with renewed         10        . After the break, they had seven games to         11         a good finish. Rosenior’s message was clear: keep focused,         12         from mistakes, and trust the process. As Garner’s success showed, personal and group         13         could turn a season around. By forgetting the noise and concentrating on what they could control, they achieved a(n)         14         comeback. Rosenior later said that the team’s belief never dropped, even after the         15         losses. 16．A. victory B. setback C. celebration D. training 17．A. praise B. noise C. support D. advice 18．A. took over B. looked over C. came across D. got through 19．A. lost B. selected C. favored D. earned 20．A. train B. warn C. reflect D. delay 21．A. saved B. gifted C. blocked D. scored 22．A. quickly B. slowly C. secretly D. gradually 23．A. marking B. naming C. declaring D. calling 24．A. ask B. order C. remind D. warn 25．A. energy B. doubt C. fear D. patience 26．A. avoid B. cancel C. delay D. secure 27．A. recover B. hear C. learn D. benefit 28．A. luck B. talent C. effort D. patience 29．A. easy B. remarkable C. boring D. expensive 30．A. previous B. instant C. apparent D. final 四、短文填空 31．The 1,300-year-old Thangka art, a painting skillfully crafted on woven (编织的) material, is an illustrated encyclopedia of Tibetan culture and stands as part of China's intangible cultural heritage for its ① ________________________ (art) value. “Traditionally, the subject matters ② __________________________ (express) in Thangka masterpieces include local culture and Tibetan medicine,” said Goinqogyai, a fifth-generation Thangka artist from Lhatse County. With over three decades of experience, he can find inspiration in all art ③ ____________________ (form) for creating Thangka artwork. In 2016, he went to Tsinghua University for further theoretical study on traditional Chinese painting. Soon after Goinqogyai determinedly attempted to apply the realistic techniques of traditional landscape and bird paintings ④ _______________ Thangka art, he was thrilled at what enabled him to develop ⑤ _____________ fresh approach to presenting snow-covered mountains, lakes and forests. To observe nature up close, he often takes trips to the wild ⑥ ________________________________ (photograph) mountains, rivers and lakes, ⑦ ____________________ he later reproduces with ink and brushes. Equally important is to train emerging talents for the promotion and continuity of Thangka painting. In recent years, numerous Thangka schools, studios and university programs ⑧ _____________________________________________ (establish) to attract young people to this tradition. With the joint efforts, Xizang is fostering innovative development in Thangka painting, ⑨ __________________________ (breathe) new life into this ancient art form, which is a living testament to China’s ⑩ ____________________________ (commit) to cultural diversity. 五、书面表达 32．假定你是李华，你的交换生朋友 Martin对中国饮食文化很感兴趣，并打算在春节期间邀请家人来中国品尝美食。他想请你给他一些这方面的建议。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1. 介绍春节饮食习俗； 2. 推荐一道你家乡的特色菜。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Martin, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 六、读后续写 33．The scorching sun beat down on our sixth — grade class hiking through Blue Mountains. Mr. Thompson, our outdoor education teacher, kept reminding us: “Drink water, watch your footing, and remember-every scratch here could become a life lesson.” My best mate Josh chuckled, balancing his water bottle like a circus act. “Relax, Em! We’ve done CPR drills a million times. What’s the worst that could —” A sharp cry cut through the air. Twenty meters ahead, Lily-the quiet exchange student from Japan-had stumbled into a dried riverbed. Her leg was pinned beneath a pointed rock, blood soaking through her trousers. “I... I think I heard a crack,” she whispered, her face ghostly pale. Mr. Thompson knelt beside her, his voice steady but urgent. “Lily, don’t move. Everyone else-backpacks off! Josh, get the first aid kit. Emily, find two straight branches for splints (夹板). Now!” My hands shook as I pressed a bandage against Lily’s wound. Josh froze, staring at the odd angle of her leg. “Focus!” Mr. Thompson snapped, his tone softening as he addressed Lily. “You’re doing brilliantly. Breathe slowly.   Help’s coming.” He turned to us, rapid — firing instructions: “Josh-control bleeding. Use the pressure bandage from the yellow pouch.” “Emily-stabilize the leg. Remember the ‘above and below’ rule for splint placement.” “Sophie-call emergency services. GPS coordinates (坐标) are on my watch.” Lily gripped my wrist as I positioned the branches. “Will I... walk again?” Her whisper sent chills down my spine. “Of course you will,” I lied, recalling last week’s first — aid lecture: Broken bones risk infection. Immobilization is critical. I tightened the bandages, whispering apologies each time she screamed. As dusk approached, the radio crackled with bad news — Ambulance needs 90 minutes. Josh suddenly lunged toward the first aid kit. “Her lips are turning blue! What if it’s shock?” 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Lift her legs a bit more,” Mr. Thompson directed. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At last, the ambulance arrived. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ( 第 1 页 共 4 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $