专题08 阅读理解（期末专项训练）五年级英语下学期（沪教牛津版深圳用）

**基本信息** 该专项聚焦五下英语阅读理解三大核心题型，构建“通用三步法+题型专属技巧”的方法体系，以真题为载体实现语言能力与思维品质的协同提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |解题方法|核心三步法+3类题型共8篇真题|通用三步法（找线索-筛选项-验逻辑），分题型技巧（关键词定位/细节比对/原词摘抄）|从通用方法到题型细分，形成“方法-题型-应用”递进链条，通过典例强化细节理解与逻辑推理能力|

专项08 阅读理解 解题小技巧 本次专题聚焦五下英语阅读理解题型，覆盖阅读选择、阅读判断、任务型阅读三大核心类型，结合真题提炼简单实用的解题技巧与高频考点： 一、核心解题三步法 ❖ 读上下句找线索：看前后句的疑问词、回答内容、场景关键词，确定空句类型； ❖ 筛选项定答案：根据线索匹配选项，排除无关 / 多余项； ❖ 验对话顺逻辑：将答案代入，通读对话检查语意连贯、符合日常交流习惯。 二、高频考点 + 解题技巧（按题型分类） （一）阅读选择类 ❖ 技巧：做题先锁定 Where/What/Who/Why、人名、时间、地点这些关键词，回原文定位原句，对比选项，句意匹配、时态一致就是正确答案，无关和文中没提到的直接排除。先抓key words，再定位原文，匹配语义即可。 （二）阅读判断类（T/F） ❖ 技巧：把句子和原文细节逐一比对，重点核对 time、place、number、person 关键信息，和原文一致选T，意思相反、信息错位、无中生有都选F，不凭自己常识判断。严格对照original text，以短文原话为标准。 （三）任务型阅读类（填空 / 造句 / 回答） ❖ 技巧：填空题直接摘抄短文原词，注意名词单复数、固定搭配；特殊疑问句、一般疑问句作答要保持时态与人称和原文一致，用简单完整句回答，不自己造词造句。 01 解题小技巧 02【题型一】阅读选择 03【题型二】阅读判断 04【题型三】任务型阅读 【题型一】阅读选择 （一） 阅读短文，选择最佳答案。 I’m Lily. I live in Shanghai with my parents. We have a new home. It’s big and nice. We have two bedrooms, a living room, a study and a dining room. I like my bedroom. It’s small but tidy. This summer holiday, we will go to Sanya. It’s in the south of China. The weather is hot and sunny there. We will stay in a hotel near the beach. We will go swimming and eat seafood. I think we will have a good time. (    )1. Where does Lily live? A. In Sanya. B. In Shanghai. C. In Beijing. (    )2. What’s Lily’s new home like? A. It’s small and messy. B. It’s big and nice. C. It’s old and small. (    )3. Where will Lily go this summer holiday? A. She will go to Shanghai. B. She will go to Beijing. C. She will go to Sanya. (    )4. How is the weather in Sanya? A. It’s cold and windy. B. It’s hot and sunny. C. It’s cool and cloudy. (    )5. What will they do in Sanya? A. They will go shopping. B. They will go swimming and eat seafood. C. They will visit museums. （二） 阅读理解 Look at the picture. The children are talking about their future. Kitty is tall. She likes children. She will be a teacher. She will teach English. She won’t wear glasses.Peter is strong. He likes sports. He will be a PE teacher. He will do exercise every day.Joe is clever. He likes reading. He will be a writer. He will write stories for children.This weekend, they are going to the park. They will play football and fly kites. (    )1. What will Kitty be? A. She will be a doctor. B. She will be a teacher. C. She will be a nurse. (    )2. Will Peter wear glasses? A. Yes, he will. B. No, he won’t C. We don’t know. (    )3. What will Joe do? A. He will write stories. B. He will teach PE. C. He will do exercise. (    )4. What are they going to do this weekend? A. They are going to school. B. They are going to the park. C. They are going to the library. (    )5. What will they NOT do in the park? A. Play football. B. Fly kites. C. Read books. （三） 阅读短文，选择最佳答案。 It’s the Spring Festival. It’s an important Chinese festival. People are very happy.But Tom is ill today. He has a headache and a fever. He goes to see the doctor. Doctor: What’s wrong with you? Tom: I have a headache and a fever. Doctor: You should take some medicine and have a good rest at home. You shouldn’t go out to play. Tom: OK. Thank you, doctor. During the Spring Festival, people usually get together and eat dumplings. They get red packets. They watch fireworks. Tom is sad. He can’t do these things. (    )1. What festival is it? A. It’s the Mid-Autumn Festival. B. It’s the Spring Festival. C. It’s the Dragon Boat Festival. (    )2. What’s wrong with Tom? A. He has a toothache. B. He has a cold. C. He has a headache and a fever. (    )3. What should Tom do? A. He should take some medicine. B. He should go out to play. C. He should eat a lot of food. (    )4. What do people usually do during the Spring Festival? A. They eat mooncakes. B. They eat dumplings. C. They eat zongzi. (    )5. How does Tom feel? A. He feels happy. B. He feels sad. C. He feels excited. 【题型二】阅读判断 （一） 阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F) I’m Alice. I move to a new home with my family. Our new home is big. There are three bedrooms, a living room, a dining room and a study. My bedroom is next to the study. I like my bedroom best. It's quiet. I can read books there. My father likes the study. He can read newspapers there. My mother likes the dining room. She likes cooking nice food for us. ( ) 1. Alice lives in a new home now. ( ) 2. There are two bedrooms in their new home. ( ) 3. Alice’s bedroom is next to the study. ( ) 4. Alice’s father likes the living room best. ( ) 5. Alice’s mother likes cooking food. （二） 阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F) Hello, I’m Jack. In the future, I will be a policeman. I will be tall and strong. I won’t wear glasses. I will help people every day. At weekends, I have a plan. This Saturday, I am going to do exercise in the park. This Sunday, I am going to read storybooks at home. I think my weekend will be happy. ( ) 1. Jack will be a teacher in the future. ( ) 2. Jack will be strong and won’t wear glasses. ( ) 3. Jack will help people every day in the future. ( ) 4. Jack is going to do exercise in the park on Sunday. ( ) 5. Jack will read storybooks at home on Saturday. （三） 阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。 The Mid-Autumn Festival is coming. It’s an important Chinese festival. People usually get together with their family. They eat mooncakes and watch the bright moon at night. But Mary is not happy today. She has a bad toothache. She goes to see the dentist. The dentist says she should eat less sweet food and brush her teeth every day. She can’t eat mooncakes this festival. ( ) 1. The Mid-Autumn Festival is an important Chinese festival. ( ) 2. People eat dumplings at the Mid-Autumn Festival. ( ) 3. Mary is happy because the festival is coming. ( ) 4. Mary has a toothache and sees the dentist. ( ) 5. The dentist tells Mary to brush her teeth every day. 【题型三】任务型阅读 （一） 根据内容完成任务。 Hello, everyone. My name is Tom. I am a student of Grade Five. In the future, I will be a reporter. I will be tall and thin. I will not wear glasses. I will travel to many places and meet different people. This weekend I have a good plan. On Saturday morning, I am going to the library to read magazines. On Saturday afternoon, I will do exercise in the park. On Sunday, I am going to visit my grandparents. I will have a happy weekend. 一、根据短文内容填空（每空一词） 1. Tom will be a ______ in the future. 2. Tom won’t ______ glasses in the future. 3. Tom will travel to many ______ and meet different people. 4. Tom is going to read ______ in the library on Saturday morning. 5. On Sunday, Tom will visit his ______. 二、根据短文回答问题 6. What will Tom do in the park on Saturday afternoon? _____________________________ 7. Does Tom have a weekend plan? _____________________________ （二） 根据内容完成任务。 The Spring Festival is the most important Chinese festival. It usually comes in January or February. At the Spring Festival, people get together with their family. They eat dumplings, watch fireworks and get red packets. Lucy likes the Spring Festival very much. But today she is ill. She has a cold and a cough. The doctor tells her she should stay at home, take some medicine and have a good rest. She can’t go out to play with her friends. 一、根据短文内容填空（每空一词） 1. The Spring Festival is an ______ Chinese festival. 2. The Spring Festival usually comes in January or ______. 3. People eat ______ at the Spring Festival. 4. Lucy has a cold and a ______ today. 5. The doctor asks Lucy to stay at home and have a good ______. 二、根据短文回答问题 6. What do people get at the Spring Festival? _____________________________ 7. Why can’t Lucy go out to play? _____________________________ 参考答案及解析 第 2 页 共 11 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【题型一】 （一）1. B 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. B 导语】本文介绍了Lily的新家和暑假去三亚的旅行计划。 1. 句意：Lily住在哪里？根据文中“I live in Shanghai with my parents.”（我和父母住在上海），可以直接定位答案。选项A（三亚）是她要去旅行的地方，选项C（北京）文中未提及，因此选B。 2. 句意：Lily的新家是什么样的？根据文中“We have a new home. It’s big and nice.”（我们有一个新家，它又大又漂亮），直接描述了新家的特征。选项A（又小又乱）和选项C（又旧又小）均与原文不符，因此选B。 3. 句意：Lily今年暑假要去哪里？根据文中“This summer holiday, we will go to Sanya.”（这个暑假，我们要去三亚），明确说明了旅行目的地。选项A（上海）是她的居住地，选项B（北京）文中未提及，因此选C。 4. 句意：三亚的天气怎么样？根据文中“The weather is hot and sunny there.”（那里的天气炎热且晴朗），直接给出了天气描述。选项A（寒冷多风）和选项C（凉爽多云）均不符合原文，因此选B。 5. 句意：他们在三亚会做什么？根据文中“We will go swimming and eat seafood.”（我们会去游泳、吃海鲜），直接说明了活动安排。选项A（去购物）和选项C（参观博物馆）文中未提及，因此选B。 （二）1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C 【导语】本文介绍了几个孩子的未来职业梦想和周末计划。 1. 句意：Kitty将来会做什么？根据文中“She will be a teacher. She will teach English.”（她会成为一名老师，教英语），明确说明了她的职业梦想。选项A（医生）和选项C（护士）文中未提及，因此选B。 2. 句意：Peter会戴眼镜吗？文中只提到了Kitty “She won’t wear glasses.”（她不会戴眼镜），关于Peter是否戴眼镜，全文没有任何相关描述，因此无法判断，选C。 3. 句意：Joe会做什么？根据文中“He will write stories for children.”（他会为孩子们写故事），直接说明了他的职业相关活动。选项B（教体育）是Peter的计划，选项C（每天锻炼）也是Peter的习惯，因此选A。 4. 句意：他们这个周末打算去哪里？根据文中“This weekend, they are going to the park.”（这个周末，他们打算去公园），明确说明了周末的目的地。选项A（学校）和选项C（图书馆）文中未提及，因此选B。 5. 句意：他们在公园不会做什么？根据文中“They will play football and fly kites.”（他们会踢足球、放风筝），说明会做A和B选项的活动。选项C（读书）文中未提及，因此是他们不会做的事，选C。 （三）1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. B 【导语】本文讲述了春节期间Tom生病，无法参与节日活动的故事。 1. 句意：现在是什么节日？根据文中“It’s the Spring Festival. It’s an important Chinese festival.”（这是春节，它是一个重要的中国节日），直接点明了节日。选项A（中秋节）和选项C（端午节）文中未提及，因此选B。 2. 句意：Tom怎么了？根据文中“But Tom is ill today. He has a headache and a fever.”（但是Tom今天生病了，他头疼还发烧），明确说明了Tom的症状。选项A（牙疼）和选项B（感冒）均与原文不符，因此选C。 3. 句意：Tom应该做什么？根据医生的建议“You should take some medicine and have a good rest at home.”（你应该吃点药，在家好好休息），直接给出了正确做法。选项B（出去玩）和选项C（吃很多食物）均与原文建议相反，因此选A。 4. 句意：春节期间人们通常会做什么？根据文中“During the Spring Festival, people usually get together and eat dumplings.”（春节期间，人们通常会聚在一起吃饺子），直接描述了节日习俗。选项A（吃月饼）是中秋节的习俗，选项C（吃粽子）是端午节的习俗，因此选B。 5. 句意：Tom感觉怎么样？根据文中“Tom is sad. He can’t do these things.”（Tom很伤心，他不能做这些事），直接说明了他的心情。选项A（开心）和选项C（兴奋）均与原文不符，因此选B。 【题型二】 （一）1．T 2．F 3．T 4．F 5．T 【导语】短文介绍Alice一家搬入新家，介绍房屋布局以及家人各自喜欢的房间。 1. 句意：Alice现在住在新家。短文开头交代Alice和家人搬到了新家，说明她现在居住在新家，句子表述和短文内容一致。故答案为 T。 2. 句意：他们的新家有两间卧室。文中明确写了新家有三间卧室，题目说是两间，数量不符，和原文信息不一致。故答案为 F。 3. 句意：Alice的卧室在书房旁边。短文中直接说明Alice的卧室紧邻书房，句意和原文内容完全相符。故答案为 T。 4. 句意：Alice的爸爸最喜欢客厅。原文提到爸爸最喜欢书房，可以在书房看报纸，并不是客厅，表述与原文不符。故答案为 F。 5. 句意：Alice的妈妈喜欢做饭。文中写到妈妈喜欢在餐厅为家人做美味的食物，能看出妈妈喜欢烹饪做饭，句意符合原文。故答案为 T。 （二）1．F 2．T 3．T 4．F 5．F 【导语】短文介绍Jack未来的职业理想、外形变化，以及周末两天的出行和活动计划。 1. 句意：Jack将来要成为一名老师。短文清晰说明Jack未来想当警察，不是老师，职业表述错误，和原文信息不符。故答案为 F。 2. 句意：Jack将会很强壮，而且不戴眼镜。原文提到将来Jack又高又壮，并且不会戴眼镜，句意和原文描述完全吻合。故答案为 T。 3. 句意：将来Jack每天都会帮助别人。文中表明Jack成为警察后，会每天帮助人们，句意和短文表达的意思一致。故答案为 T。 4. 句意：Jack周日打算去公园锻炼身体。原文说明周六去公园做运动，周日并没有这项安排，时间对应错误。故答案为 F。 5. 句意：Jack周六打算在家看故事书。短文写明周日在家读故事书，周六是去公园运动，时间和活动不匹配。故答案为 F。 （三）1．T 2．F 3．F 4．T 5．T 【导语】短文介绍中秋节的传统习俗，同时讲述Mary牙疼看牙医，过节不能吃月饼的事情。 1. 句意：中秋节是中国一个重要的节日。文章开篇直接点明中秋节是中国重要的传统节日，句意和原文表述一致。故答案为 T。 2. 句意：人们在中秋节吃饺子。中秋节的传统食物是月饼，饺子是春节的传统食物，常识和原文习俗不符。故答案为 F。 3. 句意：节日快要到了，Mary很开心。原文明确说Mary今天很不开心，因为牙疼不能过节吃月饼，情绪表述相反。故答案为 F。 4. 句意：Mary牙疼，去看了牙医。短文讲述Mary牙疼严重，并且去看了牙医，句意和原文情节完全对应。故答案为 T。 5. 句意：牙医嘱咐Mary每天要刷牙。牙医给Mary的建议里，明确要求她每天坚持刷牙、少吃甜食，句意符合医生叮嘱。故答案为 T。 【题型三】 （一）1.reporter 2.wear 3.places 4.magazines 5.grandparents 6.He will do exercise in the park. 7.Yes, he does. 【导语】短文介绍Tom未来的理想职业、外形特点以及周末的活动安排。 1. 句意：Tom将来会成为一名记者。根据文中“I will be a reporter.”可直接找到单词reporter，符合句意。故答案为 reporter。 2. 句意：Tom将来不会戴眼镜。根据文中“I will not wear glasses.”可知此处填动词wear，固定搭配wear glasses 戴眼镜。故答案为 wear。 3. 句意：Tom将会去很多地方旅行，遇见不同的人。根据文中“I will travel to many places”，many后接可数名词复数places。故答案为 places。 4. 句意：周六上午Tom打算去图书馆看杂志。根据文中“I am going to the library to read magazines.”直接提取magazines。故答案为 magazines。 5. 句意：周日，Tom将要去看望他的祖父母。根据文中“I am going to visit my grandparents.”可知填grandparents。故答案为 grandparents。 6. 句意：Tom周六下午会在公园做什么？原文交代他周六下午打算在公园做运动，按短文原意作答即可。 答案：He will do exercise in the park. 7. 句意：Tom有周末计划吗？文中提到This weekend I have a good plan，说明他有周末计划，作肯定回答。答案：Yes, he does. （二）1. important 2.February 3.dumplings 4.cough 5.rest 6.They get red packets. 7.Because she is ill. 【导语】短文介绍春节的时间和传统习俗，同时讲述Lucy生病遵医嘱在家休息，不能外出玩耍的情况。 1. 句意：春节是中国一个重要的节日。根据文中“The Spring Festival is the most important Chinese festival.”可知填important。故答案为 important。 2. 句意：春节通常在一月或二月到来。根据文中“It usually comes in January or February.”直接填写February。故答案为 February。 3. 句意：人们在春节吃饺子。根据文中“They eat dumplings”，提取单词dumplings即可。故答案为 dumplings。 4. 句意：Lucy今天感冒还咳嗽。根据文中“She has a cold and a cough.”可知此处填cough。故答案为 cough。 5. 句意：医生让Lucy待在家好好休息。根据文中“have a good rest”是固定搭配，意为好好休息，填rest。故答案为 rest。 6. 句意：人们在春节会收到什么？文中提到人们春节会收红包，按照短文内容简洁作答。 答案：They get red packets. 7. 句意：Lucy为什么不能出去玩？因为她生病了，感冒咳嗽，医生让她在家休息，整合原文意思作答。 答案：Because she is ill. $