Unit 6 Eat Well（知识清单）英语新教材鲁教版五四学制六年级下册

Unit 6 Eat Well Unit 6 重点 单词 1. /ˈwɔːtəˌmelən/ n.西瓜 2. /'kæbɪdʒ/ n.卷心菜 3. /ˈmʌtn/ n.羊肉 4. /ˈkʊki/ n.曲奇饼 5. /'ʌnjən/ n.洋葱；葱头 6. /'dʌmplɪŋ/ n.饺子 7. /ˈkɒfi/ n.咖啡 8. /bi:n/ n.豆 9. /tʃɪp/ n.炸薯条 10. /ˈsæləd/ n.沙拉；色拉 11. /ˈpɒrɪdʒ/ n.粥；麦片粥 12. /ˈweɪtə(r)/ n.（男）服务员 13. /ˈteɪst/ v.有......味道；尝 n.味道 14. /ˌˈeniθɪŋ/ pron.某事物；任何事物 15. /dɪʃ/ n.一道菜；盘子 16. /tʃɔɪs/ n.选择 17. /mi:l/ n.一餐所吃的食物；一餐 18. /pɔ:k/ n.猪肉 19. /ˈstrɔ: bəri/ n.草莓 20. /ˈmenju:/ n.菜单 21. /ˈkʌstəmə(r)/ n.顾客 22. /sɜːv/ v.提供；服务 23. /ˈweɪtrəs/ n.女服务员 24. /sɜ: (r)/ n.先生 25. /ɪnˈsted/ adv.反而；代替 26. /peə(r)/ n.梨 27. /ˈʃʊɡə(r)/ n.糖 28. /ɪmˈpru:v/ v.改进；改善 29. /ˈhæbɪt/ n.习惯 30. /sɔ:lt/ n.盐 31. /fæt/ n.脂肪 adj.肥胖的 32. /weɪt/ n.体重；重量 33. /ˈhæmbɜːɡə(r)/ n.汉堡包 34. /kɔ:z/ v.造成；导致 35. /hɑ:t/ n.心脏；中心 36. /ˈbælənst/ adj.均衡的；平衡的 37. /ˈsli:pi/ adj.困倦的；想睡的 38. /əˈweɪ/ adv.离开；在别处 39. /pɔ:(r) ;pʊə(r)/ adj.不好的； 贫穷的；可怜的 40. /rɪˈzʌlt/ n.后果；结果 41. /ˈɑ:tɪkl/ n.文章；冠词 42. /ˈkɒmən/ adj.共同的； 普遍的 43. /əˈmʌŋ/ prep.在......中; ......之一 44. /sɒft/ adj.柔和的；柔软的 45. /ɪˈnʌf/ adj.足够的；充足的 adv.足够地；充分地 pron.足够；充分 46. /ˈθɜːsti/ adj.渴的 46. /əˈmerɪkə/ 美国；美洲 重点 短语 1. 提供选择 2. 炸鱼薯条 3. ? ......怎么样? 4. 火锅 5. 搭配；相配 6. 例如 7. 太多 8. 快餐 9. 增加；穿上 10. 导致心脏问题 11. 太......以至于不能 12. 感到困倦 13. 专注于；集中精力于 14. 毕竟；终归 15. 不良饮食习惯 16. 软饮料（不含酒精） 17. 准时 18. 各种各样的 19. 对......有坏处 20. 将来 21. 改善饮食习惯 重点 句型 1. —What do you usually have ? 你早餐通常吃什么？ —I usually have porridge for breakfast. 我早餐通常喝粥. 2. What you to order/get? 你想要点什么？ 3. We often have it in America, but it may here. 我们在美国经常吃，但在这里味道可能不一样。 4. That good. 听起来不错。 5. soup would you like, chicken or fish? 你想要哪种汤，鸡肉还是鱼？ 6. a menu for you. 这是给你的菜单。 7. I try to eat food every day. 我每天都尽量吃健康食物。 8. I love juice, but my mum says that it’s not good to drink of it. 我喜欢果汁，但我妈妈说喝太多不好。 9. Now I try more water and milk. 现在我尽量多喝水和牛奶。 10. Improve your eating habits. 改善你的饮食习惯。 11. Healthy eating is important for a healthy and . 健康饮食对身心健康很重要。 12. what we eat how we eat are important！ 我们吃什么和怎么吃都很重要！ 13. That makes us . 这会让我们体重增加。 14. If you cook your own meals , you can make healthy meals. 如果你自己做饭，你可以做健康均衡的饭菜。 15. Maybe they don’t feel hungry in the morning, or they are busy eat . 也许他们早上不饿，或者他们太忙了，什么都没有吃。 16. It’s easy to feel sleepy and our work or studies if we don’t eat breakfast. 如果我们不吃早餐，很容易感到困倦，很难集中精力工作或学习。 17. , an apple a day keeps the doctor away. 毕竟，一日一苹果，医生远离我。 18. Remember: You are you eat. 记住：你吃什么就是什么。 19. I drink water when I am , but it’s before I get thirsty. 我口渴的时候喝水，但最好在我口渴前喝水。 20. Are special dishes? 有什么特色菜吗？ 语言 目标 掌握选择疑问句的用法；掌握可数名词和不可数名词的用法 【知识点1】 Eat Well 吃得好 【详解】 well 的用法如下： ①well作副词，意为“好地；令人满意地”，修饰动词，表示某一动作做得好。 ②well作形容词，意为“身体好”，相当于fine／OK, right等。 ③well作感叹词，意为“嗯；好吧”，无实在意义。 例句：She plays volleyball well. 她排球打得很好。 I’m very well. 我身体很好。 【拓展】 good 是通用词，可以表示各种品质方面的优异，形容词，修饰名词作定语，或者在句中作表语。 【典例】 1.The soup tastes ______. I think you did a ______ job cooking it. A. well; good B. good; well C. good; good D. well; well 2. She plays the piano very ______, and she is a ______ pianist. 【知识点2】—What do you usually have for breakfast/lunch/dinner? 你早餐/午餐/晚餐通常吃什么？ —I usually have porridge for... 我通常喝粥...... 【详解】 句型What...for breakfast/lunch/dinner？意为“......早餐/午餐/晚餐吃什么?”。 for在此处是介词，表示“对于；就......而言”，后面接名词或代词。 例句：I have an egg and some bread for breakfast.我早餐吃一个鸡蛋和一些面包。 【注意】三餐为不可数名词时，前面一般不加冠词；若特指某一餐可加不定冠词或其他限定词。 例句：Let’s have breakfast／lunch／dinner！我们吃早／午／晚餐吧！ 【典例】 1.— ______ did you have ______ dinner yesterday? — I had some noodles. A. What; for B. What; at C. Which; for D. How; at 【知识点3】 What would you like to order/get? 你想要点什么？ 【详解1】 该句是服务员询问顾客是否点餐的常用交际用语。 would 为情态动词， 无人称、数变化 ，可以缩写成’d 如： I’d=I would you’d =you would he’d=he would Would you like...的口语用法： ①用于请人吃东西，意为：你要点……吗？ 你要来点……吗？ 例句：—Would you like a cup of coffee? 要来杯咖啡吗？ —Yes, please. Thanks. 好，来一杯吧，谢谢。 ② 用于提出邀请时征求对方意见，意为：你想……吗？ 你愿意做……吗？ 例句：—Would you like to climb the mountain this weekend ? 你这个周末想去爬山吗？ —I’d like to. 我很愿意。 ③ 用于询问对方是否需要某物或是否需要某人做某事等，意为：你需要……吗？ 例句：—Would you like some help? 你需要帮助吗？（some不用变成any） —Yes, please. 是的，请帮我一把吧。 ④有时可用于提出请求，意为：请你做……好吗？ 例句：—Would you like to carry the box? 请你搬一下箱子行吗？ —No problem. 行。 注意有时这类表示请求的句子含有不满或厌烦之意： 例句：—Would you like to turn that music down? 请你把音乐放小点行吗？ —Yes, sorry. 可以，对不起。 【拓展】would like意为“想要”，语气非常委婉。具体用法如下： 1. 后接名词或代词，表示具体“要”某样东西。 例句：I’d like two cups of coffee.我要两杯咖啡。 2. 后接动词不定式，表示意愿、喜爱，常用于有礼貌地提出邀请、请求或建议。 例句：I would like to help you. 我愿意帮你。 3. would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事。 例句：I’d like you to meet them. 我想要你见他们。 4. 当主语是第一人称时，would可换成should，like也可换成love。 例句：I should like the coat. 我想要这件大衣。 5. Would you like...?你（们）想要……吗？表示向对方提出客气的、有礼貌的请求、邀请、希望或询问等。 例句：Would you like an apple? 你想要个苹果吗？ 注意：它的肯定回答多用Yes, please./Yes, I’d (We’d) like (love) to./Certainly./Yes, thank you.等；否定回答常用No, thanks./No, thank you.等。 【典例】 1.— Would you like ______ to drink? — Yes, some tea, please. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 2.I would like ______ a ticket for the concert tonight. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. bought 3.— Would you like to join us for dinner? — ______ A. Yes, I would. B. No, I wouldn't. C. Yes, I'd love to. D. Sorry, I wouldn't like. 4.— ______? — I'd like a hamburger and a Coke, please. A. What do you like B. What would you like C. What do you want D. Can I help you 5.— ______ ______ you ______ ______ eat?（你想吃什么？） — I'd like some beef noodles. 【详解2】 order作可数名词时，意为“点菜、订购”，如take one’s order点菜；作不可数名词时，意为“秩序，顺序”，如in order按顺序 【拓展】 (1)Can I help you ? =What can I do for you ?（点菜时/买东西通常用） (2)order可作动词，“命令，嘱咐”。常用结构为：order sb.to do sth.“命令某人做某事”。 例句：The doctor ordered him to stay there. 医生嘱咐他留在那里。 【典例】 1.— I'd like to ______ some food. Could you tell me how to do it online? — Sure. Just open the app and choose what you want. A. order B. take C. carry D. send 2.A: May I ______ ______ ______, please?（我可以点餐了吗？） B: Sure. Here is the menu. 【知识点4】 What about Gongbao chicken? 宫保鸡丁怎么样？ 【详解】“What about...?”相当于“How about...?”，about为介词，其后接名词（短语）、代词或动词-ing形式。 ①表示说话者提出建议，意为“......怎么样？”。 例句：What about the blue pen? 蓝色钢笔怎么样？ What about having some strawberries？吃些草莓怎么样？ ②“How/What about...？”还可以表示询问情况，但必须和上文承接才能体现出具体的问题。 例句：I like pears. What about you？ 我喜欢梨。你呢？ 【拓展】表“建议”句型 ①Let’s + 动词原形 。我们一起做某事。 例句：Let’s go shopping. 我们一起去购物吧。 ②Why not + 动词原形？=Why don’t you + 动词原形？ 为什么不做某事呢？ 例句：Why not go shopping with me?=Why don’t you go shopping with me? 为什么不和我一起去购物呢？ ③Would（Could）you please+ 动词原形？ 干某事好吗？ 例句：Would you please go shopping with me? 一起去购物，好吗？ 【典例】 1.— I'm hungry. ______ getting some pizza? — Good idea! A. How about B. Why not C. Would you like D. Let's 2.— I feel tired after work. — ______ take a walk to relax? A. Why not you B. Why not C. What about D. How about 3.— It's hot today. ______ go swimming? — Sounds great! A. Shall we B. Would you like C. Why not you D. What about 【知识点5】 We often have it in America, but it may taste different here. 我们在美国经常吃，但在这里味道可能不一样。 【详解1】taste 在此处做连系动词，意思为“有......味道；尝起来”，后面常跟形容词做表语。 ∆ 感官系动词有：smell 闻起来 sound听起来 taste 尝起来 look 看起来 feel 摸/感觉 【拓展】taste 还可以做名词，意思为“味道；滋味”； tasty  形容词，意思为“美味的” 例句：I don’t like the taste of durian. 我不喜欢榴莲的味道。 【典例】 1.— The cakes ______ so delicious. Where did you buy them? — At the cake shop near our school. A. look B. sound C. taste D. feel 2.— You ______ tired. What's wrong? — I stayed up late last night. A. look B. sound C. taste D. smell 【详解2】different形容词，意为“不同的”，反义词same相同的。different后常接介词from，构成短语“be different from”，相当于not the same as…。 例句：My jacket is different from yours.=My jacket is not the same as yours.我的夹克衫与你的不同。 【拓展】 1）differently是副词，意为“不同地”。 例句：I can solve this maths problem differently. 我能不同地解答这道数学题。 2）difference是名词，意为“不同；差异“。 例句：What’s the difference between them? 它们之间有什么不同？ 【助记】different（形容词，不同的）+ly→differently（副词，不同地）；different（形容词，不同的）-t+ce→difference(名词，不动点，区别) 【典例】 1.Can you tell the ______ （different）between these two pictures? 2.My brother and I think ______ （different）about this problem. 【知识点6】 Do you have anything with tofu? 你有豆腐吗？ 【详解】 anything 是由any+thing构成的复合不定代词。复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 ① 意为“某事；一些事”,一般用于否定句或疑问句中。 例如： Can you hear anything? 你能听到某种声音吗? You mustn't eat anything until you see the doctor. 在看医生之前不许吃任何东西。 ② 意为“任何事” 用于肯定句中。 例如：You can ask me anything you want to know. 你可以问我任何你想知道的事情。 【拓展】 辨析everything/ something/ anything/ nothing 1. everything 意为“每件事; 所有事物；一切事”,可用于肯定句、疑问句或否定句中。 例如: I hope everything goes well. 我希望一切顺利。 Who can know everything? 谁能知道万事万物呢? 2. something意为“某事;某物”,常用于肯定句中, 也可用于征求对方意见的疑问句中。 例如: Something is wrong with my teeth. 我的牙齿有点毛病。 Jim, could you please do something for me, please? 吉姆,请为我做点事好吗? 3. nothing意为“没有什么; 没有东西”。本身是否定词，相当于not..anything. 例如: Tom saw nothing. 汤姆什么也没看见。 Nothing is impossible.没有什么东西不可能。 【典例】 一、单项选择 1.I have ______ to tell you. It's very important. A. anything important B. important something C. something important D. important anything 2.— Would you like ______ to drink? — Yes, a cup of tea, please. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 3.— Is there ______ in today's newspaper? — No, nothing special. A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything 【知识点7】 Which soup would you like, chicken or fish? 你想要哪种汤，鸡肉还是鱼？ 【详解】 （1）fish既可作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词。用作可数名词指鱼的条数时，单复数相同。 如： I bought two fish in the market. 我在市场买了两条鱼。 （2）fish用作可数名词指鱼的种类时，复数形式是fishes. 如： There are many kinds of fishes in the lake. 湖里有许多种鱼。 （3）fish作不可数名词，意为“鱼肉”。 如： Do you like fish or eggs？你喜欢吃鱼肉还是鸡蛋？ （4）fish 还可以作动词，意为“钓鱼”。 如： Let’s go fishing tomorrow. 让我们明天去钓鱼吧。 【典例】 1.— What's for dinner? — We have some ______. It's fresh from the market. A. fishes B. fish C. a fish D. fishing 2.— Do you often go ______ on weekends? — Yes. I enjoy catching fish by the lake. A. fish B. fishes C. fishing D. to fishing 【知识点8】 I try to eat healthy food every day. 我每天都尽量吃健康食物。 【详解1】 try在此处为动词，意为“尝试、试着”；try也可为名词，意为“尝试、试着”。 try to do sth. 意为“设法去做某事，尽量去做某事”，其否定形式为try not to do sth.。 例句：Try not to be late again. 尽量别再迟到了。 Try to get here in two hours.　尽量在两小时之内到达。 【拓展】 (1) try doing sth. 意为“试着做某事”，强调尝试做某事。 例句：You should try eating more vegetables. 你应当试着多吃点蔬菜。 (2) try one’s best to do sth. 意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”。 例句：We should try our best to finish the work on time. 我们应该尽最大努力准时完成这项工作。 (3) have a try 意为“试一试”. 例句：Let me have a try. 让我试一试。 (4) try ... on    意为“试穿”. （注意：短语“try...on”的宾语为代词时，需要放在二者之间。） 例句：This T-shirt is beautiful, I want to try it on . 这件衬衫很漂亮，我想试一试。 【典例】 1.— The math problem is too hard. What should I do? — ______ this way. Maybe it will work. A. Try to do B. Try doing C. To try D. Tried doing 2.I'll ______ to finish the work on time, though it's difficult. A. try my best B. try my better C. try best D. do my best try 3.— This pair of shoes are nice. Can I ______? — Sure. The fitting room is over there. A. try it on B. try on it C. try them on D. try on them 【详解2】 healthy形容词，意为“健康的”，可以放在连系动词之后作表语或放在名词前作定语。 常用搭配： keep healthy =keep/stay fit 保持健康 例句：He eats healthy food，so he is very healthy. 他吃健康食品，所以他很健康。 【拓展】healthy的名词形式为health，意为“健康”； 短语：be in good health身体状况良好，身体健康 其副词形式为healthily，意为“健康地”； 其反义词为unhealthy，意为“不健康的”。 【典例】 1.Eating more vegetables is good for your ______. It can keep you ______. A. health; health B. healthy; health C. health; healthy D. healthy; healthy 2.— You look pale. Are you in good ______? — No, I have a cold. A. healthy B. health C. unhealthy D. healthily 3.—My grandpa is 80 years old, but he is still . —That's because he has a （health）lifestyle. 【知识点9】 I don’t eat sweet. Instead, I have a pear, a banana, or some strawberries. 我不吃甜食。相反，我吃一个梨，一根香蕉或者一些草莓。 【详解】instead作副词，意为“反而；代替；而不是”，常用作状语。 例句：She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day. 她从不学习，而是整天打网球。 【拓展】 辨析instead与instead of instead 副词，后面不接其他的词，一般情况下可不译出，通常放在句首或句末，在句首时常用逗号隔开，表示前面的事没做，而做了后面的事。 例句： He doesn’t like football. Instead, he likes basketball. instead of 介词短语，意为“代替，而不是”，后面可以跟与前面并列成分相应的名词、代词、动词-ing形式等作为介词宾语。 例句：He likes playing basketball instead of playing football. 【典例】 1.—I don't like coffee. Can I have tea ______? —Of course. Here you are. A. however B. instead C. instead of D. hardly 2.______ watching TV all day, you should do some exercise. A. Instead B. Instead of C. because D. because of 【知识点10】How do we make healthy eating choices? 我们如何做出健康的饮食选择? 【详解】 choice为名词，意思为“选择”，其动词形式为choose，意思为“选择”。 【拓展】 常见搭配： make a choice          做出选择 have no choice but to do sth 除了做……别无选择 choose to do sth.        选择做某事 choose sb. to do sth.    选择某人做某事 choose sb as……选某人为…… choose sb sth=choose sth for sb 为某人选择某物 例句：You have many choices on the menu. 菜单上有很多选择。 I’d like to choose Jim to go there with me.    我选择吉姆和我一起去。 【典例】 1.— There are many books. Which one do you ______? — I'll take this one about history. A. choose B. climb C. try D. carry 2.I have no choicebut ______ for the bus, since I missed the last subway. A. wait B.waiting C. to wait D. to waiting 3.I choose ______ (stay) at home because it’s raining outside. 【知识点11】 That makes us put on weight. 这会让我们体重增加。 【详解1】put on意为＂增加（体重）；发胖＂，常与weight或具体的数值搭配使用。 【拓展】 1. put on 的其他含义： ①穿上；戴上 例句：My mother always puts on her coat when it is cold. 天气冷的时候，我妈妈经常穿大衣。 ②上演；举办 例句：One summer our children put on a play. 有一年夏天我们的孩子上演了一出戏。 ③播放（唱片、磁带等） 例句：Do you mind if I put some music on? 我播放音乐你介意吗？ 2. put的常用短语有： put up举起，搭建，张贴 put off推迟，延迟　 put down 放下 put out扑灭　 put away放好，把……收起来 【典例】 1.— Could you help me ______ the map on the wall? — No problem. I'll get some tape. A. put up B. put on C. put away D. put off 2.Don't ______ your homework until tomorrow. You should finish it today. A. put off B. put out C. put up D. put down 【详解2】 ①weight为不可数名词，译为“重量”； 常见搭配：put on weight     增加体重 lose weight       减轻体重 the weight of... ......的重量 ②weight的动词形式为weigh，译为“称重”。 对重量的提问可以用以下句型： How much do/does/did...weigh?=How heavy is/are ...? 例句： The box weighs two kg.      这个盒子重两公斤。 The weight of the box is two kg.     这个盒子的重量是两公斤。 【典例】 1.— ______ your pet dog ______? — About 15 kilos. It's quite heavy. A. How much does; weigh B. How heavy is; weigh C. How much is; weigh D. How many does; weigh 【知识点12】 Eating fast food like pizza and hamburgers too often may cause heart problems later. 经常吃披萨和汉堡等快餐以后可能导致心脏问题。 【详解】 cause  动词 意为“造成；导致；引起” 常用搭配： cause sb to do sth 导致某人做某事   cause sb. sth.     给某人带来某事 【拓展】 cause 还可以作名词，意为 “原因；起因” 例句：These causes led to a bad result. 这些原因导致了不良的后果。 What was the cause of the accident? 这个事故的起因是什么？ 【典例】 1.Smoking can ______ many health problems, such as lung cancer and heart disease. A. cause B. make C. let D. help 【知识点13】 Maybe they don’t feel hungry in the morning, or they are too busy to eat anything. 也许他们早上不饿，或者他们太忙了，什么都没有吃。 【详解1】 ①too..to...“太...而不能”，通常用来表示否定含义, 结构是：too＋形容词／副词原级＋动词不定式（to do） 例句：He’s too busy to write to me .他太忙了以至于没有给我写信。 ②It is too+形容词 +（for sb）+to do sth 表示的意思是太……而不能做某事 例句：It is too difficult for him to answer this question. 对他来说，这道题太难回答了。 ③too... to...结构还可以有其否定形式,即not (never)too…to… 或too… not to…. 这时, 由于用了双重否定,它就不再表示否定意思, 而是表示肯定意思。 例句：We are never too old to learn. 活到老,学到老。 【拓展】too..to...结构可与so...that...（如此...以至于）或not...enough to do sth（不够...做某事）互换。 例句： He is too young to go to school.  他太年轻了以至于不能上学。 = He is so young that he can’t go to school. =He isn’t old enough to go to school. 【典例】 1.The box is ______ heavy ______ me to carry. Can you help me? A. so; that B. too; for C. too; to D. enough; to 2.Tom is ______ old ______ drive a car now. He just got his license. A. too; to B. so; that C. enough; to D. very; to 3.The movie was ______ boring ______ many people left the cinema early. A. too; to B. so; that C. enough; to D. very; that 4.The boy is too young to go to school. 改为同义句 The boy is ______ young ______ ______ ______ go to school. 【详解2】① busy在此处为形容词，译为“繁忙的、忙碌的”。 【常见搭配】be busy with sth. = be busy (in) doing sth.    忙于（做）某事 例句：My mother is busy with dinner. = My mother is busy (in) cooking dinner.     我妈妈正忙着做晚饭。 【典例】 1.— Why didn't you answer my call just now? — Sorry, I was busy______ my homework and didn't hear the phone. A. to do B. doing C. do D. does 【知识点14】 It’s easy to feel sleepy and find it hard to focus on our work or studies if we don’t eat breakfast. 如果我们不吃早餐，很容易感到困倦，很难集中精力工作或学习。 【详解1】 sleepy 是sleep 的形容词形态，意思为“困倦的，瞌睡的”，可作表语和定语。 如： feel sleepy 【拓展】 ① sleep可作延续性动词，意为“睡觉”， 如：sleep well 睡得好 也可作名词，意为“睡眠”。 如：go to sleep 睡觉 例句： He slept for two hours. 他睡了两个小时。 He had a long sleep. 他睡了长长的一觉。 ② sleeping 意思为“睡着的” 可作定语；可用来修饰与睡觉有关的物品 例如： sleeping bags 睡袋 ③ asleep 形容词。意思为“睡着的” 可作表语。 常用搭配：be asleep 睡着， 强调状态。 fall asleep 睡着，入睡，表示动作的过程，侧重于指无意识地入睡。 【典例】 1.— You look ______. Why not go to bed early? — I have to finish this report first. A. sleep B. asleep C. sleepy D. sleeping 2.He fell ______ (sleep) just now. Don't make any noise. 【详解2】 find it +adj+to do sth. “发现做某事...”该结构中的it为形式宾语，后面的动词不定式短语是真正的宾语， 形容词作宾语补足语。 例句：I find it easy to use a computer. 我发现使用电脑很容易。 【拓展】 与find有相同用法的动词还有make,think等。 make it adj (for sb) to do sth 使（某人）做某事是...的 think it adj(for sb) to do sth 认为（某人）做某事是...的 【典例】 1.I find ______ difficult ______ English well without enough practice. A. it; to learn B. that; to learn C. it; learning D. this; learn 【知识点15】 I don’t drink enough water. 我没有喝足够的水。 【详解】enough adj. 充足的；足够的 adv. 足够地；充足地 enough修饰名词时，常放在名词的前面；有时也可放在名词之后； enough修饰形容词、副词时，常放在它们的后面。 例句： There is enough food for everyone. 有足够的食物供每个人吃。 He is only twelve. He is tall enough. 他只有十二岁，他够高了。 【典例】 1.— Do we have ______ to finish the project? — Yes, but we must work ______. A. enough time; enough fast B. enough time; fast enough C. time enough; fast enough D. time enough; enough fast 2.The room isn't big ______ for us ______ a meeting in. A. enough; to have B. enough; having C. too; to have D. very; having （一）选择疑问句 选择疑问句是说话人对问题提出两个或两个以上的选项，让对方选择回答。其结构是一般疑问句或特殊疑问句加选择部分，选择部分用 or 连接，朗读时前面用升调，最后一个选项用降调。 注意：回答时须选择回答，不能用 yes 或 no 回答，一般情况从两个并列的选择成分中选出其中一种来回答；也可回答“both（两个都）或neither（两个都不）”。可简洁用短语回答，或用完整句子回答。 例句：Which would you like, tea or coffee? 你想要哪样，是茶还是咖啡？ —Is she from China or Japan? 她来自中国还是日本？ —China. 中国。 【语法专项练习】 1.— ______ you like tea ______ coffee? — Coffee, please. A. Do; or B. Would; and C. Are; or D. Do; but 2.— Is your favorite color red or blue? — ______. I like green best. A. Yes, it is B. No, it isn't C. Both D. Neither 3.— ______ she sing English songs ______ Chinese songs? — She can sing both. A. Can; and B. Can; or C. Does; or D. Is; or 4.— ______ will you go to Beijing, by train ______ by plane? — By plane. It's faster. A. How; and B. What; or C. How; or D. Why; or 5.— Is this book ______? — No, it's not mine. It's Tom's. A. yours or Tom's B. your or Tom C. yours or Tom D. your or Tom's 6.— ______ do you want to visit, the Great Wall ______ the Summer Palace? — Both. They are both amazing. A. Where; and B. What place; or C. Which; or D. How; and 7.I prefer coffee and tea. (改为选择疑问句) ______ you prefer coffee ______ tea? 8.Is Jane smarter than Kate? (改为选择疑问句) Who is , Jane Kate? （二）名词 名词的分类： 分类 定义 专有名词 人，地方,机构等专有名称. China, Beijing, Li Tao, 普通名词 可数 个体名词 某类人或东西中的个体 如 book, pen, person 集体名词 若干个体组成的集合体 如 family, people, police, class 不可数 物质名词 无法分为个体的实物 如 water, tea, air 抽象名词 动作, 状态, 品质, 感情等抽象概念 如 health, happiness 不可数名词 : 后面不能加s; 作主语，谓语动词用单数。 前面不能用a/an，只能用修饰语much/some/lots of/a lot of ④表示数量用单位名词。 如： a bag of rice一袋米 two cups of coffee两杯咖啡 a bottle of water 一杯水 ⑤询问量的多少用how much。 可数名词 分单数和复数， 一、可数名词复数的变化规则： ①一般+s; ②以-s,-x,-ch,sh结尾的名词+es； ③辅音+y,变y为i,再+es； ④以-o结尾的，有生命的+es（hero—heroes；tomato—tomatoes；potato—potatoes） ⑤以f，fe 结尾的名词，改f，fe为v+es（leaf—leaves；knife—knives） ⑥单复数同形：sheep，deer.Chinese，Japanese ⑦不规则变化：man—men；woman—women；child—children；foot—feet； tooth—teeth goose天鹅--geese mouse老鼠-mice ⑧关于哪国人的复数形式 中日友好是一致，英法联邦改a为e,其余在后加s. Japanese --- Japanese(日本人） Chinese --- Chinese(中国人） English man --- English men (英国人） French man --- French men (法国人） American--- Americans(美国人） Australian--- Australians(澳大利亚人） Canadian--- Canadian(加拿大人) Russian--- Russians(俄罗斯人） Korean--- Koreans(韩国人） ⑨含有man woman修饰的复合名词词组，变复数时两个都要变为复数。 man teacher--- men teachers(男教师) woman doctor--- women doctors(女医生) 二、询问数量多少用how many。 可数名词 & 不可数名词 英语中，有些名词既可以作可数名词又可以作不可数名词，但意思和用法不同，要注意区分 glass fish chicken time 可数 玻璃杯 鱼类 鸡 次数、倍数 不可数 玻璃 鱼肉 鸡肉 时间 orange light paper hair 可数 橙子 电灯 报纸/试卷/论文 （几根）头发 不可数 橙汁 光 纸 头发 interest room work exercise 可数 业余爱好 房间 作品（只用复数） (成套的）操 不可数 兴趣 空间 工作 运动 【语法专项练习】 一、请写出下列名词的复数形式。 1. sheep 2. monkey 3. tomato 4. apple 5. mouse 6. tooth 7. strawberry 8. fox 9. wolf 10. box 11. watch 12. potato 13. baby 14. radio 15. hero 16. photo 17. goose 18.woman 二、单项选择 1.I need some ______ and two ______ for breakfast. A. milk; breads B. milks; bread C. milk; pieces of bread D. milks; pieces of breads 2.There are two ______ and three ______ in the zoo. A. sheeps; deers B. sheep; deers C. sheeps; deer D. sheep; deer 3.— Whose book is this? — It's ______. I saw him reading it just now. A. Tom B. Toms C. Tom's D. Toms' 4.— Are these ______ bags? — No, they are ______. A. Tom and Jack; their B. Tom's and Jack's; theirs C. Tom and Jack's; theirs D. Tom's and Jack; their 5.There are many ______ students in our school. A. woman B. women C. womans D. womens 6.— What ______ good weather it is! — Yes. Let's go for a walk. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7.I have great ______ in learning English. It's too hard for me. A. trouble B. interest C. fun D. time 8.My mother bought two ______ yesterday. A. pair of shoes B. pairs of shoe C. pairs of shoes D. pair of shoe 9.— How far is your school from here? — It's about ten ______ walk. A. minute B. minutes C. minute's D. minutes' 10.— Would you like some ______? — Yes, please. Just a little. A. apples B. oranges C. milk D. eggs 1、 单元写作主题 本单元以“Eat Well”为话题，介绍健康/不健康的饮食习惯，描述早餐、午餐、晚餐吃什么，表达喜欢与不喜欢的食物，以及给他人提出健康饮食建议。 写作体裁： 记叙文、说明文、应用文（菜单/点餐对话） 二、写作思路提示 思路一：介绍个人饮食习惯（记叙文） 开头：总体介绍自己的饮食特点 主体：按早中晚餐顺序介绍吃什么、为什么 结尾：总结感受或提出改进计划 常用连接词： 时间顺序：first, then, next, after that, finally 转折：however, but 因果：because, so, that's why 思路二：餐厅点餐场景（对话/记叙文） 开头：到达餐厅，服务员问候 主体：询问推荐、点餐、询问价格 结尾：用餐结束，评价食物，付款离开 关键句型： 服务员：May I take your order? / What would you like? 顾客：I'd like... / What do you recommend? 思路三：健康饮食建议（说明文） 开头：点明健康饮食的重要性 主体：分点给出建议（多吃...少吃...多喝水...） 结尾：呼吁大家养成好习惯 提建议句型： You should / shouldn't... It's good / bad to... Why not...? / How about...? 三、佳句积累 味道：The cake tastes delicious. 外观：The dish looks colorful and inviting. 气味：The soup smells wonderful. 口感：The noodles feel smooth in my mouth. 喜欢：I'm fond of vegetables. / I prefer fish to meat. 不喜欢： I can't stand spicy food. / I'm not a fan of fast food. 最爱：My favorite food is dumplings. / I like...best. 重要性：It's important to have a balanced diet. 建议：You'd better eat more fruit and less junk food. 习惯：Eating breakfast regularly helps us stay energetic. 结果：If you eat too much candy, you'll have tooth problems. 服务员：May I take your order? / Are you ready to order? What would you like to drink? / Anything else? 顾客：I'd like a bowl of noodles. What do you recommend? / What's today's special? The bill, please. / Could I have the check? 四、句子练习 1. 我想要一杯茶。            2.你为什么不试试牛肉面？            3.这汤真美味！            4.我早上7:00吃早饭。              5.喝足够的水很重要。               6.她不吃肉因为她觉得不健康。            7.多吃蔬菜对我们的健康有好处。            五、写作范文 范文一：My Eating Habits（我的饮食习惯） My Eating Habits I think I have healthy eating habits. Let me tell you about my three meals. For breakfast, I always have an egg, a piece of bread and a glass of milk. My mother says breakfast is the most important meal of the day, so I never skip it. At noon, I usually eat rice with vegetables and some meat in the school cafeteria. The food there tastes good and the price is reasonable. For dinner, my family often have soup, fish and green vegetables together. We seldom eat out because homemade food is healthier. I also like eating fruit every day, especially apples and bananas. However, I don't eat junk food like hamburgers or chips often. I know they are bad for my health. In a word, good eating habits help me stay strong and energetic. I will keep them forever. 【点评】 按三餐顺序展开，使用了 however, in a word 等连接词，运用了本单元重点句型。 范文二：At the Restaurant（餐厅点餐） A Pleasant Dinner Last Saturday evening, I went to a new Italian restaurant with my parents. As soon as we sat down, a friendly waiter came to us and asked, "May I take your order?" My father looked at the menu and said, "I'd like a large pizza with mushrooms. What do you recommend for the main course?" The waiter suggested the beef steak. It sounded delicious, so my mother ordered one. "What would you like to drink?" the waiter continued. I chose fresh orange juice while my parents preferred coffee. "Anything else?" he asked. We added a vegetable salad to share. About twenty minutes later, our food arrived. The pizza tasted amazing and the steak was cooked just right. We really enjoyed the meal. Finally, my father paid the bill and we left happily. It was a wonderful dinner, and I hope to go there again soon. 【点评】 以时间为线索，完整呈现了餐厅点餐流程，对话自然，运用了 would like, recommend 等重点表达。 六、实战演练 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友 Tom 来信询问你的饮食习惯。请你给他回信，介绍你的一日三餐，并给出保持健康的建议。 要求： 包含早餐、午餐、晚餐的内容； 说明你的饮食喜好及原因； 提出至少两条健康建议； 80词左右，开头结尾已给出。 Dear Tom, Yours, Li Hua 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Eat Well Unit 6 重点 单词 1.watermelon /ˈwɔːtəˌmelən/ n.西瓜 2.cabbage /'kæbɪdʒ/ n.卷心菜 3.mutton /ˈmʌtn/ n.羊肉 4.cookie /ˈkʊki/ n.曲奇饼 5.onion /'ʌnjən/ n.洋葱；葱头 6.dumpling /'dʌmplɪŋ/ n.饺子 7.coffee /ˈkɒfi/ n.咖啡 8.bean /bi:n/ n.豆 9.chip /tʃɪp/ n.炸薯条 10.salad /ˈsæləd/ n.沙拉；色拉 11.porridge /ˈpɒrɪdʒ/ n.粥；麦片粥 12.waiter /ˈweɪtə(r)/ n.（男）服务员 13.taste /ˈteɪst/ v.有......味道；尝 n.味道 14.anything /ˌˈeniθɪŋ/ pron.某事物；任何事物 15.dish /dɪʃ/ n.一道菜；盘子 16.choice /tʃɔɪs/ n.选择 17.meal /mi:l/ n.一餐所吃的食物；一餐 18.pork /pɔ:k/ n.猪肉 19.strawberry /ˈstrɔ: bəri/ n.草莓 20.menu /ˈmenju:/ n.菜单 21.customer /ˈkʌstəmə(r)/ n.顾客 22.serve /sɜːv/ v.提供；服务 23.waitress /ˈweɪtrəs/ n.女服务员 24.sir /sɜ: (r)/ n.先生 25.instead /ɪnˈsted/ adv.反而；代替 26.pear /peə(r)/ n.梨 27.sugar /ˈʃʊɡə(r)/ n.糖 28.improve /ɪmˈpru:v/ v.改进；改善 29.habit /ˈhæbɪt/ n.习惯 30.salt /sɔ:lt/ n.盐 31.fat /fæt/ n.脂肪 adj.肥胖的 32.weight /weɪt/ n.体重；重量 33.hamburger /ˈhæmbɜːɡə(r)/ n.汉堡包 34.cause /kɔ:z/ v.造成；导致 35.heart /hɑ:t/ n.心脏；中心 36.balanced /ˈbælənst/ adj.均衡的；平衡的 37.sleepy /ˈsli:pi/ adj.困倦的；想睡的 38.away /əˈweɪ/ adv.离开；在别处 39.poor /pɔ:(r) ;pʊə(r)/ adj.不好的； 贫穷的；可怜的 40.result /rɪˈzʌlt/ n.后果；结果 41.article /ˈɑ:tɪkl/ n.文章；冠词 42.common /ˈkɒmən/ adj.共同的； 普遍的 43.among /əˈmʌŋ/ prep.在......中; ......之一 44.soft /sɒft/ adj.柔和的；柔软的 45.enough /ɪˈnʌf/ adj.足够的；充足的 adv.足够地；充分地 pron.足够；充分 46.thirsty /ˈθɜːsti/ adj.渴的 46.America /əˈmerɪkə/ 美国；美洲 重点 短语 1. offer choice 提供选择 2.fish and chips 炸鱼薯条 3.What about...? ......怎么样? 4.hot pot 火锅 5.go with 搭配；相配 6.for example 例如 7.too much太多 8.fast food 快餐 9.put on 增加；穿上 10.cause heart problems 导致心脏问题 11.too...to 太......以至于不能 12.feel sleepy 感到困倦 13.focus on 专注于；集中精力于 14.after all 毕竟；终归 15.poor eating habit 不良饮食习惯 16.soft drink 软饮料（不含酒精） 17. on time 准时 18. all kinds of 各种各样的 19. be bad for... 对......有坏处 20. in future 将来 21. improve eating habits 改善饮食习惯 重点 句型 1. —What do you usually have for breakfast? 你早餐通常吃什么？ —I usually have porridge for breakfast. 我早餐通常喝粥. 2. What would you like to order/get? 你想要点什么？ 3. We often have it in America, but it may taste different here. 我们在美国经常吃，但在这里味道可能不一样。 4. That sounds good. 听起来不错。 5. Which soup would you like, chicken or fish? 你想要哪种汤，鸡肉还是鱼？ 6. Here is a menu for you. 这是给你的菜单。 7. I try to eat healthy food every day. 我每天都尽量吃健康食物。 8. I love juice, but my mum says that it’s not good to drink too much of it. 我喜欢果汁，但我妈妈说喝太多不好。 9. Now I try to drink more water and milk. 现在我尽量多喝水和牛奶。 10. Improve your eating habits. 改善你的饮食习惯。 11. Healthy eating is important for a healthy body and mind. 健康饮食对身心健康很重要。 12. Both what we eat and how we eat are important！ 我们吃什么和怎么吃都很重要！ 13. That makes us put on weight. 这会让我们体重增加。 14. If you cook your own meals instead, you can make healthy balanced meals. 如果你自己做饭，你可以做健康均衡的饭菜。 15. Maybe they don’t feel hungry in the morning, or they are too busy to eat anything. 也许他们早上不饿，或者他们太忙了，什么都没有吃。 16. It’s easy to feel sleepy and find it hard to focus on our work or studies if we don’t eat breakfast. 如果我们不吃早餐，很容易感到困倦，很难集中精力工作或学习。 17. After all, an apple a day keeps the doctor away. 毕竟，一日一苹果，医生远离我。 18. Remember: You are what you eat. 记住：你吃什么就是什么。 19. I drink water when I am thirsty, but it’s better to drink before I get thirsty. 我口渴的时候喝水，但最好在我口渴前喝水。 20. Are there any special dishes? 有什么特色菜吗？ 语言 目标 掌握选择疑问句的用法；掌握可数名词和不可数名词的用法 【知识点1】 Eat Well 吃得好 【详解】 well 的用法如下： ①well作副词，意为“好地；令人满意地”，修饰动词，表示某一动作做得好。 ②well作形容词，意为“身体好”，相当于fine／OK, right等。 ③well作感叹词，意为“嗯；好吧”，无实在意义。 例句：She plays volleyball well. 她排球打得很好。 I’m very well. 我身体很好。 【拓展】 good 是通用词，可以表示各种品质方面的优异，形容词，修饰名词作定语，或者在句中作表语。 【典例】 1.The soup tastes ______. I think you did a ______ job cooking it. A. well; good B. good; well C. good; good D. well; well 【答案】C 【解析】taste 是系动词（感官动词），后面需接形容词 good 作表语，描述主语的特征，不能用副词 well。job 是名词，前面需要形容词 good 来修饰，表示"做得好的工作"。 2. She plays the piano very ______, and she is a ______ pianist. 【答案】well; good 【解析】第一空修饰动词 plays，需用副词 well，表示"弹得好"。第二空修饰名词 pianist，需用形容词 good，表示"优秀的钢琴家"。 【知识点2】—What do you usually have for breakfast/lunch/dinner? 你早餐/午餐/晚餐通常吃什么？ —I usually have porridge for... 我通常喝粥...... 【详解】 句型What...for breakfast/lunch/dinner？意为“......早餐/午餐/晚餐吃什么?”。 for在此处是介词，表示“对于；就......而言”，后面接名词或代词。 例句：I have an egg and some bread for breakfast.我早餐吃一个鸡蛋和一些面包。 【注意】三餐为不可数名词时，前面一般不加冠词；若特指某一餐可加不定冠词或其他限定词。 例句：Let’s have breakfast／lunch／dinner！我们吃早／午／晚餐吧！ 【典例】 1.— ______ did you have ______ dinner yesterday? — I had some noodles. A. What; for B. What; at C. Which; for D. How; at 【答案】A 【解析】What 用于询问"什么食物"，符合答句"面条"的内容。Which（哪一个）需要有选择范围，此处不适用。How（怎样）询问方式，与答句不符。for + 三餐名称 是固定搭配，表示"某餐吃什么"。 【知识点3】 What would you like to order/get? 你想要点什么？ 【详解1】 该句是服务员询问顾客是否点餐的常用交际用语。 would 为情态动词， 无人称、数变化 ，可以缩写成’d 如： I’d=I would you’d =you would he’d=he would Would you like...的口语用法： ①用于请人吃东西，意为：你要点……吗？ 你要来点……吗？ 例句：—Would you like a cup of coffee? 要来杯咖啡吗？ —Yes, please. Thanks. 好，来一杯吧，谢谢。 ② 用于提出邀请时征求对方意见，意为：你想……吗？ 你愿意做……吗？ 例句：—Would you like to climb the mountain this weekend ? 你这个周末想去爬山吗？ —I’d like to. 我很愿意。 ③ 用于询问对方是否需要某物或是否需要某人做某事等，意为：你需要……吗？ 例句：—Would you like some help? 你需要帮助吗？（some不用变成any） —Yes, please. 是的，请帮我一把吧。 ④有时可用于提出请求，意为：请你做……好吗？ 例句：—Would you like to carry the box? 请你搬一下箱子行吗？ —No problem. 行。 注意有时这类表示请求的句子含有不满或厌烦之意： 例句：—Would you like to turn that music down? 请你把音乐放小点行吗？ —Yes, sorry. 可以，对不起。 【拓展】would like意为“想要”，语气非常委婉。具体用法如下： 1. 后接名词或代词，表示具体“要”某样东西。 例句：I’d like two cups of coffee.我要两杯咖啡。 2. 后接动词不定式，表示意愿、喜爱，常用于有礼貌地提出邀请、请求或建议。 例句：I would like to help you. 我愿意帮你。 3. would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事。 例句：I’d like you to meet them. 我想要你见他们。 4. 当主语是第一人称时，would可换成should，like也可换成love。 例句：I should like the coat. 我想要这件大衣。 5. Would you like...?你（们）想要……吗？表示向对方提出客气的、有礼貌的请求、邀请、希望或询问等。 例句：Would you like an apple? 你想要个苹果吗？ 注意：它的肯定回答多用Yes, please./Yes, I’d (We’d) like (love) to./Certainly./Yes, thank you.等；否定回答常用No, thanks./No, thank you.等。 【典例】 1.— Would you like ______ to drink? — Yes, some tea, please. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 【答案】A 【解析】Would you like...? 表示委婉请求或邀请，期望得到肯定回答，此时用 something 而不用 anything。 2.I would like ______ a ticket for the concert tonight. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. bought 【答案】C 【解析】would like to do sth. 是固定搭配，表示"想要做某事"，后接动词不定式（to + 动词原形）。 3.— Would you like to join us for dinner? — ______ A. Yes, I would. B. No, I wouldn't. C. Yes, I'd love to. D. Sorry, I wouldn't like. 【答案】C 【解析】接受邀请时，Yes, I'd love to. / Yes, I'd like to. 是最自然、礼貌的回答。A 选项语法正确但过于生硬；B、D 选项拒绝方式不礼貌，拒绝时应说 I'd love to, but... 并说明原因。 4.— ______? — I'd like a hamburger and a Coke, please. A. What do you like B. What would you like C. What do you want D. Can I help you 【答案】B 【解析】在餐厅点餐场景中，服务员询问顾客"想要什么"的标准用语是 What would you like?（您想要点什么？）。 5.— ______ ______ you ______ ______ eat?（你想吃什么？） — I'd like some beef noodles. 【答案】What would; like to 【解析】What would you like to eat? 是询问"你想吃什么"的完整句型。结构：What + would + 主语 + like + to do? 【详解2】 order作可数名词时，意为“点菜、订购”，如take one’s order点菜；作不可数名词时，意为“秩序，顺序”，如in order按顺序 【拓展】 (1)Can I help you ? =What can I do for you ?（点菜时/买东西通常用） (2)order可作动词，“命令，嘱咐”。常用结构为：order sb.to do sth.“命令某人做某事”。 例句：The doctor ordered him to stay there. 医生嘱咐他留在那里。 【典例】 1.— I'd like to ______ some food. Could you tell me how to do it online? — Sure. Just open the app and choose what you want. A. order B. take C. carry D. send 【答案】A 【解析】order 在此表示"订购、点餐"，符合"在线订食物"的语境。take（带走）、carry（搬运）、send（发送）均不符合"通过App下单点餐"的语义。 2.A: May I ______ ______ ______, please?（我可以点餐了吗？） B: Sure. Here is the menu. 【答案】take your order 【解析】May I take your order? 是餐厅服务员询问顾客"可以为您点餐了吗"的标准礼貌用语。 【知识点4】 What about Gongbao chicken? 宫保鸡丁怎么样？ 【详解】“What about...?”相当于“How about...?”，about为介词，其后接名词（短语）、代词或动词-ing形式。 ①表示说话者提出建议，意为“......怎么样？”。 例句：What about the blue pen? 蓝色钢笔怎么样？ What about having some strawberries？吃些草莓怎么样？ ②“How/What about...？”还可以表示询问情况，但必须和上文承接才能体现出具体的问题。 例句：I like pears. What about you？ 我喜欢梨。你呢？ 【拓展】表“建议”句型 ①Let’s + 动词原形 。我们一起做某事。 例句：Let’s go shopping. 我们一起去购物吧。 ②Why not + 动词原形？=Why don’t you + 动词原形？ 为什么不做某事呢？ 例句：Why not go shopping with me?=Why don’t you go shopping with me? 为什么不和我一起去购物呢？ ③Would（Could）you please+ 动词原形？ 干某事好吗？ 例句：Would you please go shopping with me? 一起去购物，好吗？ 【典例】 1.— I'm hungry. ______ getting some pizza? — Good idea! A. How about B. Why not C. Would you like D. Let's 【答案】A 【解析】What about... / How about... 后接 doing sth.（动名词），表示"……怎么样？"空格后是 getting（动名词），故用 How about。 2.— I feel tired after work. — ______ take a walk to relax? A. Why not you B. Why not C. What about D. How about 【答案】B 【解析】Why not + 动词原形...? = Why don't you + 动词原形...?，表示"为什么不……呢？" Why not 后直接接动词原形 take，无需加主语。 3.— It's hot today. ______ go swimming? — Sounds great! A. Shall we B. Would you like C. Why not you D. What about 【答案】A 【解析】Shall we + 动词原形...? 表示"我们……好吗？"，是包括说话人在内的建议句型。 空格后是动词原形 go，且答句 Sounds great! 表示赞同对方的提议。 【知识点5】 We often have it in America, but it may taste different here. 我们在美国经常吃，但在这里味道可能不一样。 【详解1】taste 在此处做连系动词，意思为“有......味道；尝起来”，后面常跟形容词做表语。 ∆ 感官系动词有：smell 闻起来 sound听起来 taste 尝起来 look 看起来 feel 摸/感觉 【拓展】taste 还可以做名词，意思为“味道；滋味”； tasty  形容词，意思为“美味的” 例句：I don’t like the taste of durian. 我不喜欢榴莲的味道。 【典例】 1.— The cakes ______ so delicious. Where did you buy them? — At the cake shop near our school. A. look B. sound C. taste D. feel 【答案】C 【解析】关键词 delicious“美味的”，提示此处描述“味道”，用taste（尝起来）。 2.— You ______ tired. What's wrong? — I stayed up late last night. A. look B. sound C. taste D. smell 【答案】A 【解析】根据语境，"看起来疲倦"是通过视觉观察到的，用 look（看起来）。 【详解2】different形容词，意为“不同的”，反义词same相同的。different后常接介词from，构成短语“be different from”，相当于not the same as…。 例句：My jacket is different from yours.=My jacket is not the same as yours.我的夹克衫与你的不同。 【拓展】 1）differently是副词，意为“不同地”。 例句：I can solve this maths problem differently. 我能不同地解答这道数学题。 2）difference是名词，意为“不同；差异“。 例句：What’s the difference between them? 它们之间有什么不同？ 【助记】different（形容词，不同的）+ly→differently（副词，不同地）；different（形容词，不同的）-t+ce→difference(名词，不动点，区别) 【典例】 1.Can you tell the ______ （different）between these two pictures? 【答案】difference 【解析】定冠词 the 后需接名词，故用 difference（区别，差异），固定搭配 tell the difference（分辨出区别）。 2.My brother and I think ______ （different）about this problem. 【答案】differently 【解析】空格处修饰动词 think（想，认为），需用副词，故用 differently（不同地）。 【知识点6】 Do you have anything with tofu? 你有豆腐吗？ 【详解】 anything 是由any+thing构成的复合不定代词。复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 ① 意为“某事；一些事”,一般用于否定句或疑问句中。 例如： Can you hear anything? 你能听到某种声音吗? You mustn't eat anything until you see the doctor. 在看医生之前不许吃任何东西。 ② 意为“任何事” 用于肯定句中。 例如：You can ask me anything you want to know. 你可以问我任何你想知道的事情。 【拓展】 辨析everything/ something/ anything/ nothing 1. everything 意为“每件事; 所有事物；一切事”,可用于肯定句、疑问句或否定句中。 例如: I hope everything goes well. 我希望一切顺利。 Who can know everything? 谁能知道万事万物呢? 2. something意为“某事;某物”,常用于肯定句中, 也可用于征求对方意见的疑问句中。 例如: Something is wrong with my teeth. 我的牙齿有点毛病。 Jim, could you please do something for me, please? 吉姆,请为我做点事好吗? 3. nothing意为“没有什么; 没有东西”。本身是否定词，相当于not..anything. 例如: Tom saw nothing. 汤姆什么也没看见。 Nothing is impossible.没有什么东西不可能。 【典例】 一、单项选择 1.I have ______ to tell you. It's very important. A. anything important B. important something C. something important D. important anything 【答案】C 【解析】形容词修饰复合不定代词（something, anything, nothing 等）时，形容词要后置。 肯定句中用 something，形容词 important 放在其后，即 something important（重要的事情）。 2.— Would you like ______ to drink? — Yes, a cup of tea, please. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 【答案】A 【解析】Would you like...? 表示委婉请求或邀请，期望得到肯定回答，此时用 something 不用 anything。 3.— Is there ______ in today's newspaper? — No, nothing special. A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything 【答案】C 【解析】一般疑问句中用 anything 不用 something。形容词 new 后置修饰 anything，即 anything new（什么新消息）。 【知识点7】 Which soup would you like, chicken or fish? 你想要哪种汤，鸡肉还是鱼？ 【详解】 （1）fish既可作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词。用作可数名词指鱼的条数时，单复数相同。 如： I bought two fish in the market. 我在市场买了两条鱼。 （2）fish用作可数名词指鱼的种类时，复数形式是fishes. 如： There are many kinds of fishes in the lake. 湖里有许多种鱼。 （3）fish作不可数名词，意为“鱼肉”。 如： Do you like fish or eggs？你喜欢吃鱼肉还是鸡蛋？ （4）fish 还可以作动词，意为“钓鱼”。 如： Let’s go fishing tomorrow. 让我们明天去钓鱼吧。 【典例】 1.— What's for dinner? — We have some ______. It's fresh from the market. A. fishes B. fish C. a fish D. fishing 【答案】B 【解析】fish 表示"鱼肉"时，为不可数名词，无复数形式，也不用不定冠词 a。句中 It 指代前文，说明此处 fish 是单数概念（鱼肉），而非鱼的条数。 2.— Do you often go ______ on weekends? — Yes. I enjoy catching fish by the lake. A. fish B. fishes C. fishing D. to fishing 【答案】C 【解析】固定搭配 go fishing（去钓鱼），fishing 是动名词作宾语。 【知识点8】 I try to eat healthy food every day. 我每天都尽量吃健康食物。 【详解1】 try在此处为动词，意为“尝试、试着”；try也可为名词，意为“尝试、试着”。 try to do sth. 意为“设法去做某事，尽量去做某事”，其否定形式为try not to do sth.。 例句：Try not to be late again. 尽量别再迟到了。 Try to get here in two hours.　尽量在两小时之内到达。 【拓展】 (1) try doing sth. 意为“试着做某事”，强调尝试做某事。 例句：You should try eating more vegetables. 你应当试着多吃点蔬菜。 (2) try one’s best to do sth. 意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”。 例句：We should try our best to finish the work on time. 我们应该尽最大努力准时完成这项工作。 (3) have a try 意为“试一试”. 例句：Let me have a try. 让我试一试。 (4) try ... on    意为“试穿”. （注意：短语“try...on”的宾语为代词时，需要放在二者之间。） 例句：This T-shirt is beautiful, I want to try it on . 这件衬衫很漂亮，我想试一试。 【典例】 1.— The math problem is too hard. What should I do? — ______ this way. Maybe it will work. A. Try to do B. Try doing C. To try D. Tried doing 【答案】B 【解析】try doing sth. 表示"尝试做某事（试验某种方法）"，暗示不确定是否有效。句意：建议对方尝试用这种方法（试验一下），故用 try doing。 2.I'll ______ to finish the work on time, though it's difficult. A. try my best B. try my better C. try best D. do my best try 【答案】A 【解析】固定搭配 try one's best to do sth. = do one's best to do sth.，表示"尽某人最大努力做某事"。 3.— This pair of shoes are nice. Can I ______? — Sure. The fitting room is over there. A. try it on B. try on it C. try them on D. try on them 【答案】C 【解析】try on 是"动词+副词"型短语，代词作宾语时必须放在中间，排除 B、D。this pair of shoes（这双鞋）是复数概念，用 them 指代，不用 it。 【详解2】 healthy形容词，意为“健康的”，可以放在连系动词之后作表语或放在名词前作定语。 常用搭配： keep healthy =keep/stay fit 保持健康 例句：He eats healthy food，so he is very healthy. 他吃健康食品，所以他很健康。 【拓展】healthy的名词形式为health，意为“健康”； 短语：be in good health身体状况良好，身体健康 其副词形式为healthily，意为“健康地”； 其反义词为unhealthy，意为“不健康的”。 【典例】 1.Eating more vegetables is good for your ______. It can keep you ______. A. health; health B. healthy; health C. health; healthy D. healthy; healthy 【答案】C 【解析】第一空：形容词性物主代词 your 后需接名词，故用 health（健康）。 第二空：keep + sb. + 形容词 表示"使某人保持某种状态"，故用 healthy（健康的）。 2.— You look pale. Are you in good ______? — No, I have a cold. A. healthy B. health C. unhealthy D. healthily 【答案】B 【解析】固定短语 in good health（身体健康），in 是介词，good 是形容词，中间需接名词。 3.—My grandpa is 80 years old, but he is still . —That's because he has a （health）lifestyle. 【答案】healthy 【解析】系动词 is 后需接形容词作表语，描述主语的状态，故用 healthy（健康的）。 【知识点9】 I don’t eat sweet. Instead, I have a pear, a banana, or some strawberries. 我不吃甜食。相反，我吃一个梨，一根香蕉或者一些草莓。 【详解】instead作副词，意为“反而；代替；而不是”，常用作状语。 例句：She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day. 她从不学习，而是整天打网球。 【拓展】 辨析instead与instead of instead 副词，后面不接其他的词，一般情况下可不译出，通常放在句首或句末，在句首时常用逗号隔开，表示前面的事没做，而做了后面的事。 例句： He doesn’t like football. Instead, he likes basketball. instead of 介词短语，意为“代替，而不是”，后面可以跟与前面并列成分相应的名词、代词、动词-ing形式等作为介词宾语。 例句：He likes playing basketball instead of playing football. 【典例】 1.—I don't like coffee. Can I have tea ______? —Of course. Here you are. A. however B. instead C. instead of D. hardly 【答案】B 【解析】instead 是副词，意为"代替；反而"，通常放在句首或句末，不接宾语。句中空格后无宾语，且位于句末，故用 instead。 2.______ watching TV all day, you should do some exercise. A. Instead B. Instead of C. because D. because of 【答案】B 【解析】instead of 是介词短语，意为"代替；而不是"，后接名词、代词或动名词。空格后是 watching（动名词），故用 instead of。 【知识点10】How do we make healthy eating choices? 我们如何做出健康的饮食选择? 【详解】 choice为名词，意思为“选择”，其动词形式为choose，意思为“选择”。 【拓展】 常见搭配： make a choice          做出选择 have no choice but to do sth 除了做……别无选择 choose to do sth.        选择做某事 choose sb. to do sth.    选择某人做某事 choose sb as……选某人为…… choose sb sth=choose sth for sb 为某人选择某物 例句：You have many choices on the menu. 菜单上有很多选择。 I’d like to choose Jim to go there with me.    我选择吉姆和我一起去。 【典例】 1.— There are many books. Which one do you ______? — I'll take this one about history. A. choose B. climb C. try D. carry 【答案】A 【解析】根据句意可知，你选择哪一本？choose词义符合。 2.I have no choicebut ______ for the bus, since I missed the last subway. A. wait B.waiting C. to wait D. to waiting 【答案】C 【解析】固定句型 have no choice but to do sth.，表示"别无选择，只能做某事"。 3.I choose ______ (stay) at home because it’s raining outside. 【答案】to stay 【解析】choose to do sth.选择做某事。 【知识点11】 That makes us put on weight. 这会让我们体重增加。 【详解1】put on意为＂增加（体重）；发胖＂，常与weight或具体的数值搭配使用。 【拓展】 1. put on 的其他含义： ①穿上；戴上 例句：My mother always puts on her coat when it is cold. 天气冷的时候，我妈妈经常穿大衣。 ②上演；举办 例句：One summer our children put on a play. 有一年夏天我们的孩子上演了一出戏。 ③播放（唱片、磁带等） 例句：Do you mind if I put some music on? 我播放音乐你介意吗？ 2. put的常用短语有： put up举起，搭建，张贴 put off推迟，延迟　 put down 放下 put out扑灭　 put away放好，把……收起来 【典例】 1.— Could you help me ______ the map on the wall? — No problem. I'll get some tape. A. put up B. put on C. put away D. put off 【答案】A 【解析】put up 表示"张贴；悬挂"，符合"把地图贴到墙上"的语境。 2.Don't ______ your homework until tomorrow. You should finish it today. A. put off B. put out C. put up D. put down 【答案】A 【解析】put off 表示"推迟；拖延"，符合"不要把作业拖到明天"的句意，固定搭配 put off sth. / doing sth.。 【详解2】 ①weight为不可数名词，译为“重量”； 常见搭配：put on weight     增加体重 lose weight       减轻体重 the weight of... ......的重量 ②weight的动词形式为weigh，译为“称重”。 对重量的提问可以用以下句型： How much do/does/did...weigh?=How heavy is/are ...? 例句： The box weighs two kg.      这个盒子重两公斤。 The weight of the box is two kg.     这个盒子的重量是两公斤。 【典例】 1.— ______ your pet dog ______? — About 15 kilos. It's quite heavy. A. How much does; weigh B. How heavy is; weigh C. How much is; weigh D. How many does; weigh 【答案】A 【解析】询问重量用 How much does...weigh? 或 How heavy is...?，两种句型不可混用。 【知识点12】 Eating fast food like pizza and hamburgers too often may cause heart problems later. 经常吃披萨和汉堡等快餐以后可能导致心脏问题。 【详解】 cause  动词 意为“造成；导致；引起” 常用搭配： cause sb to do sth 导致某人做某事   cause sb. sth.     给某人带来某事 【拓展】 cause 还可以作名词，意为 “原因；起因” 例句：These causes led to a bad result. 这些原因导致了不良的后果。 What was the cause of the accident? 这个事故的起因是什么？ 【典例】 1.Smoking can ______ many health problems, such as lung cancer and heart disease. A. cause B. make C. let D. help 【答案】A 【解析】cause 作动词表示"导致；引起"，后直接接宾语（问题/疾病/结果），符合句意"吸烟导致许多健康问题"。 【知识点13】 Maybe they don’t feel hungry in the morning, or they are too busy to eat anything. 也许他们早上不饿，或者他们太忙了，什么都没有吃。 【详解1】 ①too..to...“太...而不能”，通常用来表示否定含义, 结构是：too＋形容词／副词原级＋动词不定式（to do） 例句：He’s too busy to write to me .他太忙了以至于没有给我写信。 ②It is too+形容词 +（for sb）+to do sth 表示的意思是太……而不能做某事 例句：It is too difficult for him to answer this question. 对他来说，这道题太难回答了。 ③too... to...结构还可以有其否定形式,即not (never)too…to… 或too… not to…. 这时, 由于用了双重否定,它就不再表示否定意思, 而是表示肯定意思。 例句：We are never too old to learn. 活到老,学到老。 【拓展】too..to...结构可与so...that...（如此...以至于）或not...enough to do sth（不够...做某事）互换。 例句： He is too young to go to school.  他太年轻了以至于不能上学。 = He is so young that he can’t go to school. =He isn’t old enough to go to school. 【典例】 1.The box is ______ heavy ______ me to carry. Can you help me? A. so; that B. too; for C. too; to D. enough; to 【答案】C 【解析】too + 形容词/副词 + to do sth. 表示"太……而不能做某事"，含否定意义。句意：箱子太重，我搬不动，故用 too...to...。 2.Tom is ______ old ______ drive a car now. He just got his license. A. too; to B. so; that C. enough; to D. very; to 【答案】C 【解析】形容词/副词 + enough + to do sth. 表示"足够……去做某事"，含肯定意义。句意：Tom 年龄足够大，可以开车了（刚拿到驾照），故用 enough...to...。 3.The movie was ______ boring ______ many people left the cinema early. A. too; to B. so; that C. enough; to D. very; that 【答案】B 【解析】so + 形容词/副词 + that 从句 表示"如此……以至于……"，that 后接结果状语从句。 空格后 many people left... 是完整句子（主谓结构），故用 so...that... 引导结果从句。 4.The boy is too young to go to school. 改为同义句 The boy is ______ young ______ ______ ______ go to school. 【答案】so that he can’t 【解析】too...to...（太……而不能……）可转换为 so...that...can't（如此……以至于不能……）。 【详解2】① busy在此处为形容词，译为“繁忙的、忙碌的”。 【常见搭配】be busy with sth. = be busy (in) doing sth.    忙于（做）某事 例句：My mother is busy with dinner. = My mother is busy (in) cooking dinner.     我妈妈正忙着做晚饭。 【典例】 1.— Why didn't you answer my call just now? — Sorry, I was busy______ my homework and didn't hear the phone. A. to do B. doing C. do D. does 【答案】B 【解析】be busy (in) doing sth.（忙于做某事），in 可省略。 【知识点14】 It’s easy to feel sleepy and find it hard to focus on our work or studies if we don’t eat breakfast. 如果我们不吃早餐，很容易感到困倦，很难集中精力工作或学习。 【详解1】 sleepy 是sleep 的形容词形态，意思为“困倦的，瞌睡的”，可作表语和定语。 如： feel sleepy 【拓展】 ① sleep可作延续性动词，意为“睡觉”， 如：sleep well 睡得好 也可作名词，意为“睡眠”。 如：go to sleep 睡觉 例句： He slept for two hours. 他睡了两个小时。 He had a long sleep. 他睡了长长的一觉。 ② sleeping 意思为“睡着的” 可作定语；可用来修饰与睡觉有关的物品 例如： sleeping bags 睡袋 ③ asleep 形容词。意思为“睡着的” 可作表语。 常用搭配：be asleep 睡着， 强调状态。 fall asleep 睡着，入睡，表示动作的过程，侧重于指无意识地入睡。 【典例】 1.— You look ______. Why not go to bed early? — I have to finish this report first. A. sleep B. asleep C. sleepy D. sleeping 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你看起来很困，为什么不早点睡？——说明对方还没睡，只是困了。sleepy 是形容词，意为"困倦的；想睡的"，描述人的状态（想睡觉但还没睡）。 2.He fell ______ (sleep) just now. Don't make any noise. 【答案】asleep 【解析】固定搭配 fall asleep（入睡，强调动作）。 【详解2】 find it +adj+to do sth. “发现做某事...”该结构中的it为形式宾语，后面的动词不定式短语是真正的宾语， 形容词作宾语补足语。 例句：I find it easy to use a computer. 我发现使用电脑很容易。 【拓展】 与find有相同用法的动词还有make,think等。 make it adj (for sb) to do sth 使（某人）做某事是...的 think it adj(for sb) to do sth 认为（某人）做某事是...的 【典例】 1.I find ______ difficult ______ English well without enough practice. A. it; to learn B. that; to learn C. it; learning D. this; learn 【答案】A 【解析】固定句型：find it + 形容词 + to do sth.，表示"发现做某事是……的"。 【知识点15】 I don’t drink enough water. 我没有喝足够的水。 【详解】enough adj. 充足的；足够的 adv. 足够地；充足地 enough修饰名词时，常放在名词的前面；有时也可放在名词之后； enough修饰形容词、副词时，常放在它们的后面。 例句： There is enough food for everyone. 有足够的食物供每个人吃。 He is only twelve. He is tall enough. 他只有十二岁，他够高了。 【典例】 1.— Do we have ______ to finish the project? — Yes, but we must work ______. A. enough time; enough fast B. enough time; fast enough C. time enough; fast enough D. time enough; enough fast 【答案】B 【解析】enough 修饰名词时，放在名词前面：enough time（足够的时间）。enough 修饰形容词/副词时，放在形容词/副词后面fast enough（足够快）。 2.The room isn't big ______ for us ______ a meeting in. A. enough; to have B. enough; having C. too; to have D. very; having 【答案】A 【解析】形容词 + enough + to do sth. 表示"足够……去做某事"，否定形式为 not + 形容词 + enough + to do。 （一）选择疑问句 选择疑问句是说话人对问题提出两个或两个以上的选项，让对方选择回答。其结构是一般疑问句或特殊疑问句加选择部分，选择部分用 or 连接，朗读时前面用升调，最后一个选项用降调。 注意：回答时须选择回答，不能用 yes 或 no 回答，一般情况从两个并列的选择成分中选出其中一种来回答；也可回答“both（两个都）或neither（两个都不）”。可简洁用短语回答，或用完整句子回答。 例句：Which would you like, tea or coffee? 你想要哪样，是茶还是咖啡？ —Is she from China or Japan? 她来自中国还是日本？ —China. 中国。 【语法专项练习】 1.— ______ you like tea ______ coffee? — Coffee, please. A. Do; or B. Would; and C. Are; or D. Do; but 【答案】A 【解析】选择疑问句用 or 连接两个选项，不用 and 或 but。句中 like 是实义动词，主语是 you，助动词用 Do 构成疑问句。 2.— Is your favorite color red or blue? — ______. I like green best. A. Yes, it is B. No, it isn't C. Both D. Neither 【答案】D 【解析】选择疑问句不能用 Yes/No 回答，排除 A、B。答句说"最喜欢绿色"，说明红蓝两者都不喜欢，用 Neither（两者都不）。 3.— ______ she sing English songs ______ Chinese songs? — She can sing both. A. Can; and B. Can; or C. Does; or D. Is; or 【答案】B 【解析】答句用 can 回答，问句也用 can 提问，保持助动词一致。选择疑问句用 or 连接选项，故选 Can; or。 4.— ______ will you go to Beijing, by train ______ by plane? — By plane. It's faster. A. How; and B. What; or C. How; or D. Why; or 【答案】C 【解析】答句"乘飞机"是交通方式，用 How（怎样）提问。选择疑问句用 or 连接两个选项 by train 和 by plane。 5.— Is this book ______? — No, it's not mine. It's Tom's. A. yours or Tom's B. your or Tom C. yours or Tom D. your or Tom's 【答案】A 【解析】空格后无名词，需用名词性物主代词/名词所有格。yours = your book，Tom's = Tom's book，两者并列作表语。 6.— ______ do you want to visit, the Great Wall ______ the Summer Palace? — Both. They are both amazing. A. Where; and B. What place; or C. Which; or D. How; and 【答案】C 【解析】给定了具体选项（长城和颐和园），用 Which（哪一个）提问，不用 What place。 选择疑问句用 or 连接选项。 7.I prefer coffee and tea. (改为选择疑问句) ______ you prefer coffee ______ tea? 【答案】Do; or 【解析】将陈述句改为选择疑问句，需添加助动词 Do（主语为 you，实义动词 prefer），用 or 连接两个选项 coffee 和 tea。 8.Is Jane smarter than Kate? (改为选择疑问句) Who is , Jane Kate? 【答案】smarter; or 【解析】Who is 形容词比较级，A or B？ 谁更...，A还是B？ （二）名词 名词的分类： 分类 定义 专有名词 人，地方,机构等专有名称. China, Beijing, Li Tao, 普通名词 可数 个体名词 某类人或东西中的个体 如 book, pen, person 集体名词 若干个体组成的集合体 如 family, people, police, class 不可数 物质名词 无法分为个体的实物 如 water, tea, air 抽象名词 动作, 状态, 品质, 感情等抽象概念 如 health, happiness 不可数名词 : 后面不能加s; 作主语，谓语动词用单数。 前面不能用a/an，只能用修饰语much/some/lots of/a lot of ④表示数量用单位名词。 如： a bag of rice一袋米 two cups of coffee两杯咖啡 a bottle of water 一杯水 ⑤询问量的多少用how much。 可数名词 分单数和复数， 一、可数名词复数的变化规则： ①一般+s; ②以-s,-x,-ch,sh结尾的名词+es； ③辅音+y,变y为i,再+es； ④以-o结尾的，有生命的+es（hero—heroes；tomato—tomatoes；potato—potatoes） ⑤以f，fe 结尾的名词，改f，fe为v+es（leaf—leaves；knife—knives） ⑥单复数同形：sheep，deer.Chinese，Japanese ⑦不规则变化：man—men；woman—women；child—children；foot—feet； tooth—teeth goose天鹅--geese mouse老鼠-mice ⑧关于哪国人的复数形式 中日友好是一致，英法联邦改a为e,其余在后加s. Japanese --- Japanese(日本人） Chinese --- Chinese(中国人） English man --- English men (英国人） French man --- French men (法国人） American--- Americans(美国人） Australian--- Australians(澳大利亚人） Canadian--- Canadian(加拿大人) Russian--- Russians(俄罗斯人） Korean--- Koreans(韩国人） ⑨含有man woman修饰的复合名词词组，变复数时两个都要变为复数。 man teacher--- men teachers(男教师) woman doctor--- women doctors(女医生) 二、询问数量多少用how many。 可数名词 & 不可数名词 英语中，有些名词既可以作可数名词又可以作不可数名词，但意思和用法不同，要注意区分 glass fish chicken time 可数 玻璃杯 鱼类 鸡 次数、倍数 不可数 玻璃 鱼肉 鸡肉 时间 orange light paper hair 可数 橙子 电灯 报纸/试卷/论文 （几根）头发 不可数 橙汁 光 纸 头发 interest room work exercise 可数 业余爱好 房间 作品（只用复数） (成套的）操 不可数 兴趣 空间 工作 运动 【语法专项练习】 一、请写出下列名词的复数形式。 1. sheep 2. monkey 3. tomato 4. apple 5. mouse 6. tooth 7. strawberry 8. fox 9. wolf 10. box 11. watch 12. potato 13. baby 14. radio 15. hero 16. photo 17. goose 18.woman 【答案】1.sheep 2. monkeys 3. tomatoes 4. apples 5. mice 6. teeth 7. strawberries 8. foxes 9. wolves 10. boxes 11. watches 12. potatoes 13. babies 14. radios 15. heroes 16. photos 17. geese 18.women 二、单项选择 1.I need some ______ and two ______ for breakfast. A. milk; breads B. milks; bread C. milk; pieces of bread D. milks; pieces of breads 【答案】C 【解析】milk 是不可数名词，无复数形式，排除 B、D。bread 是不可数名词，无复数形式，不能加 s；表示"两片面包"用 two pieces of bread。 2.There are two ______ and three ______ in the zoo. A. sheeps; deers B. sheep; deers C. sheeps; deer D. sheep; deer 【答案】D 【解析】sheep（绵羊）单复数同形，复数仍为 sheep。deer（鹿）单复数同形，复数仍为 deer。 3.— Whose book is this? — It's ______. I saw him reading it just now. A. Tom B. Toms C. Tom's D. Toms' 【答案】C 【解析】名词所有格表示"某人的"，单数名词后加 's，即 Tom's = Tom's book。 4.— Are these ______ bags? — No, they are ______. A. Tom and Jack; their B. Tom's and Jack's; theirs C. Tom and Jack's; theirs D. Tom's and Jack; their 【答案】B 【解析】问句中 bags 是复数，说明是 Tom 和 Jack 各自的书包，两人分别加 's：Tom's and Jack's。答句空格后无名词，需用名词性物主代词 theirs = their bags。 5.There are many ______ students in our school. A. woman B. women C. womans D. womens 【答案】B 【解析】woman 作定语修饰复数名词 students 时，本身也要变为复数 women。 6.— What ______ good weather it is! — Yes. Let's go for a walk. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【解析】weather 是不可数名词，前面不加冠词。但抽象名词具体化时可用 a：a heavy rain（一场大雨），a good time（一段愉快时光）。 7.I have great ______ in learning English. It's too hard for me. A. trouble B. interest C. fun D. time 【答案】D 【解析】固定搭配 have trouble (in) doing sth. 表示"做某事有困难"。interest（兴趣）、fun（乐趣）、time（时间）均与后句"太难了"语义不符。 8.My mother bought two ______ yesterday. A. pair of shoes B. pairs of shoe C. pairs of shoes D. pair of shoe 【答案】C 【解析】pair 是可数名词，两双用 two pairs。shoe 通常以复数形式 shoes 出现（成双成对）。 结构：数词 + pairs of + 复数名词。 9.— How far is your school from here? — It's about ten ______ walk. A. minute B. minutes C. minute's D. minutes' 【答案】D 【解析】"十分钟的步行路程"，名词所有格作定语修饰 walk。ten minutes 是复数，以 s 结尾的复数名词所有格只加 '，即 minutes'。 10.— Would you like some ______? — Yes, please. Just a little. A. apples B. oranges C. milk D. eggs 【答案】C 【解析】答句 a little（一点）修饰不可数名词，选项中只有 milk 是不可数名词。 1、 单元写作主题 本单元以“Eat Well”为话题，介绍健康/不健康的饮食习惯，描述早餐、午餐、晚餐吃什么，表达喜欢与不喜欢的食物，以及给他人提出健康饮食建议。 写作体裁： 记叙文、说明文、应用文（菜单/点餐对话） 二、写作思路提示 思路一：介绍个人饮食习惯（记叙文） 开头：总体介绍自己的饮食特点 主体：按早中晚餐顺序介绍吃什么、为什么 结尾：总结感受或提出改进计划 常用连接词： 时间顺序：first, then, next, after that, finally 转折：however, but 因果：because, so, that's why 思路二：餐厅点餐场景（对话/记叙文） 开头：到达餐厅，服务员问候 主体：询问推荐、点餐、询问价格 结尾：用餐结束，评价食物，付款离开 关键句型： 服务员：May I take your order? / What would you like? 顾客：I'd like... / What do you recommend? 思路三：健康饮食建议（说明文） 开头：点明健康饮食的重要性 主体：分点给出建议（多吃...少吃...多喝水...） 结尾：呼吁大家养成好习惯 提建议句型： You should / shouldn't... It's good / bad to... Why not...? / How about...? 三、佳句积累 味道：The cake tastes delicious. 外观：The dish looks colorful and inviting. 气味：The soup smells wonderful. 口感：The noodles feel smooth in my mouth. 喜欢：I'm fond of vegetables. / I prefer fish to meat. 不喜欢： I can't stand spicy food. / I'm not a fan of fast food. 最爱：My favorite food is dumplings. / I like...best. 重要性：It's important to have a balanced diet. 建议：You'd better eat more fruit and less junk food. 习惯：Eating breakfast regularly helps us stay energetic. 结果：If you eat too much candy, you'll have tooth problems. 服务员：May I take your order? / Are you ready to order? What would you like to drink? / Anything else? 顾客：I'd like a bowl of noodles. What do you recommend? / What's today's special? The bill, please. / Could I have the check? 四、句子练习 1. 我想要一杯茶。            2.你为什么不试试牛肉面？            3.这汤真美味！            4.我早上7:00吃早饭。              5.喝足够的水很重要。               6.她不吃肉因为她觉得不健康。            7.多吃蔬菜对我们的健康有好处。            【答案】1.I'd like a cup of tea. 2.Why don't you try the beef noodles?/ Why not try the beef noodles? / How about trying the beef noodles? 3.What delicious soup it is! / How delicious the soup is! 4.I have breakfast at 7:00 . 5.It is important to drink enough water. 6.She doesn’t eat meat because she thinks it's unhealthy. 7.Eating more vegetables is good for our health. 五、写作范文 范文一：My Eating Habits（我的饮食习惯） My Eating Habits I think I have healthy eating habits. Let me tell you about my three meals. For breakfast, I always have an egg, a piece of bread and a glass of milk. My mother says breakfast is the most important meal of the day, so I never skip it. At noon, I usually eat rice with vegetables and some meat in the school cafeteria. The food there tastes good and the price is reasonable. For dinner, my family often have soup, fish and green vegetables together. We seldom eat out because homemade food is healthier. I also like eating fruit every day, especially apples and bananas. However, I don't eat junk food like hamburgers or chips often. I know they are bad for my health. In a word, good eating habits help me stay strong and energetic. I will keep them forever. 【点评】 按三餐顺序展开，使用了 however, in a word 等连接词，运用了本单元重点句型。 范文二：At the Restaurant（餐厅点餐） A Pleasant Dinner Last Saturday evening, I went to a new Italian restaurant with my parents. As soon as we sat down, a friendly waiter came to us and asked, "May I take your order?" My father looked at the menu and said, "I'd like a large pizza with mushrooms. What do you recommend for the main course?" The waiter suggested the beef steak. It sounded delicious, so my mother ordered one. "What would you like to drink?" the waiter continued. I chose fresh orange juice while my parents preferred coffee. "Anything else?" he asked. We added a vegetable salad to share. About twenty minutes later, our food arrived. The pizza tasted amazing and the steak was cooked just right. We really enjoyed the meal. Finally, my father paid the bill and we left happily. It was a wonderful dinner, and I hope to go there again soon. 【点评】 以时间为线索，完整呈现了餐厅点餐流程，对话自然，运用了 would like, recommend 等重点表达。 六、实战演练 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友 Tom 来信询问你的饮食习惯。请你给他回信，介绍你的一日三餐，并给出保持健康的建议。 要求： 包含早餐、午餐、晚餐的内容； 说明你的饮食喜好及原因； 提出至少两条健康建议； 80词左右，开头结尾已给出。 Dear Tom, Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Tom, I'm glad to tell you about my eating habits. For breakfast, I usually have milk and bread because they give me energy. For lunch, I eat rice with vegetables and a little meat at school. I don't like fatty food, so I seldom eat fried chicken. For dinner, my mother often cooks fish and soup. They are delicious and healthy. To stay healthy, I think you should eat more fruit and drink enough water every day. Also, remember not to eat too much before bedtime. What about your eating habits? Write to me soon. Yours, Li Hua 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $