Unit7 Space exploration- Section 3-同步练2025-2026学年沪教版英语八年级下册

Unit 7 Space exploration Section 3 同步练 班级：________ 姓名：________ 得分：________ 一、选词填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 从方框中选择合适的单词或短语，并用其适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 表格 progress impossible unlikely radiation similar possibility explore recognize challenge give up 1. It is ______ to breathe on Mars without special equipment because there is very little oxygen. 2. Scientists have made great ______ in Mars exploration in recent years. 3. I think it is ______ that people will live on Mars in the next 20 years. 4. The thin air on Mars makes ______ levels much higher than on Earth. 5. The environment on Mars is the most ______ to Earth’s among all the planets. 6. There is a good ______ that we will find water on Mars in the future. 7. Nie Haisheng never ______ his dream of becoming an astronaut, even when it was hard. 8. The asteroid was named after Nie Haisheng to ______ his great work in space. 9. Astronauts have to face many ______ when they are living and working in space. 10. Scientists are trying to ______ more about Mars to see if people can live there one day. 二、适当形式填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. It’s possible ______ (travel) to Mars in the near future, scientists say. 2. I think it’s ______ (like) that we’ll see people living on Mars by 2030. It’s too difficult now. 3. The air on Mars is ______ (most) made of carbon dioxide. 4. Nie Haisheng ______ (give) the title “Heroic Astronaut” for his work in space. 5. It is ______ (possibly) to build houses on Mars in the future, but it will take a lot of work. 6. He was one of the first three astronauts ______ (live) on the Tiangong space station. 7. The ______ (temperate) on Mars is very cold, about -63℃ on average. 8. The scientists are studying the ______ (differ) between Mars and Earth’s environments. 9. I have never ______ (give) up on my dream of being an astronaut. 10. The mission on Shenzhou-12 ______ (last) for 93 days in 2021. 三、阅读理解 A（共 4 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 8 分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Living on Mars: Possibilities and Problems For many years, scientists have been exploring the possibility of living on Mars. Mars is the planet most similar to Earth in our solar system, but there are still many big problems to solve. First, the air on Mars is not good for humans. It is mostly carbon dioxide (about 95%), and there is very little oxygen. This means people cannot breathe on Mars without special spacesuits or closed environments. Second, the temperature on Mars is very cold. The average surface temperature is -63℃. At night, it can get even colder, down to -125℃. People would need special clothes and heated homes to survive. Third, radiation is a big problem. Mars has no strong magnetic field to protect it from the sun’s harmful radiation. The thin air also cannot block much radiation, so the levels are very high. This can be dangerous for humans living there. However, there is hope. Scientists have found ice on Mars’s north pole. In the future, they might be able to turn this ice into water and oxygen. Also, the environment on Mars is the most similar to Earth’s, with different seasons and a day that is almost the same length as Earth’s (about 24.6 hours). Some people think it’s very likely that humans will live on Mars by the 2050s. Others think it’s unlikely because the problems are too hard to solve. But one thing is sure: scientists will keep exploring Mars to see if life there is possible. 1. Why can’t people breathe on Mars without special equipment? A. There is no air at all on Mars. B. The air is mostly carbon dioxide with little oxygen. C. The air is too thin to breathe. D. The air is full of harmful radiation. 2. What is the average surface temperature on Mars? A. -125℃ B. -63℃ C. 0℃ D. 24.6℃ 3. What is one thing that gives scientists hope for living on Mars? A. Mars has the same gravity as Earth. B. There is liquid water everywhere on Mars. C. There is ice on Mars’s north pole that could become water. D. Mars has a strong magnetic field to protect people. 4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Mars has different seasons just like Earth. B. A day on Mars is almost the same length as a day on Earth. C. Radiation levels on Mars are high because of the thin air. D. Most scientists think people will live on Mars by 2030. 四、完形填空（共 9 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 9 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Nie Haisheng is one of China’s most famous astronauts. When he was a child, he loved planes and often dreamed of 1______. He worked hard to make his dream come true, and he never 2______ up, even when things were difficult. In 1998, Nie Haisheng was 3______ for the Chinese spaceflight programme. His first space mission was on Shenzhou-6 in 2005. The mission only 4______ 5 days, but it was a huge success. Later, he served as commander on Shenzhou-10 in 2013 and Shenzhou-12 in 2021. The Shenzhou-12 mission made him one of the first three astronauts to live and work on the Tiangong space station. They stayed there for 93 days, doing different kinds of 5______ and even performing a spacewalk. For his great work, Nie Haisheng was given the 6______ “Heroic Astronaut”. An asteroid was also named after him to recognize his contributions to space exploration. When asked about his challenges, Nie said, “I’ve never given up, and I’m always ready to face the next 7______.” His story tells us that if we work hard and never give up, even big dreams can come true. Today, Nie still works to help young people learn about space. He hopes more people will become interested in space 8______ and help humans explore more of the universe. Scientists are still making great 9______ in space exploration, and who knows? Maybe one day, people will even live on Mars, just like Nie once dreamed of flying to space. 1. A. flying B. swimming C. reading D. drawing 2. A. gave B. gave C. gives D. giving 3. A. choose B. chose C. chosen D. choosing 4. A. last B. lasted C. lasts D. lasting 5. A. experiments B. homework C. sports D. games 6. A. job B. title C. name D. prize 7. A. challenge B. problem C. question D. test 8. A. explore B. exploring C. exploration D. explored 9. A. progress B. progress C. progresses D. progressing 五、五选四（共 4 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 8 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Is Living on Mars Possible? Many people dream of living on Mars one day. 1______ First, let’s look at the good things about Mars. It is the planet most similar to Earth. 2______ It also has different seasons, just like our planet. Scientists have found ice on Mars, which could become water if we melt it. Water is very important for life. However, there are many problems too. 3______ The air is mostly carbon dioxide, so we can’t breathe it. The temperature is very cold, and there is a lot of harmful radiation. These problems are not easy to solve. 4______ Some scientists think it’s very likely that we’ll build homes on Mars by the 2050s. Others think it’s unlikely because the problems are too big. But everyone agrees that we need to keep exploring Mars to learn more. A. There are both good things and big problems to think about. B. Mars is much closer to the sun than Earth is. C. A day on Mars is almost the same length as a day on Earth. D. What do scientists think about living on Mars? E. The environment on Mars is not safe for humans right now. 参考答案及解析 一、选词填空 1. impossible 2. progress 3. unlikely 4. radiation 5. similar 6. possibility 7. gave up 8. recognize 9. challenges 10. explore 二、适当形式填空 1. to travel（固定句型：It’s possible to do sth.） 2. unlikely（形容词，根据语境表示 “不太可能”） 3. mostly（副词，意为 “主要地”） 4. was given（被动语态，被授予称号） 5. possible（形容词，It is possible to do sth.） 6. to live（不定式作后置定语） 7. temperature（名词，意为 “温度”） 8. differences（名词复数，意为 “差异”） 9. given（现在完成时：have never given up） 10. lasted（一般过去时，2021 年的任务用过去式） 三、阅读理解 A 1. B 解析：文中提到 “The air on Mars is mostly carbon dioxide (about 95%), and there is very little oxygen.” 2. B 解析：文中明确提到 “The average surface temperature is -63℃.” 3. C 解析：文中提到 “Scientists have found ice on Mars’s north pole. In the future, they might be able to turn this ice into water and oxygen.” 4. D 解析：文中提到 “Some people think it’s very likely that humans will live on Mars by the 2050s. Others think it’s unlikely”，并非大多数科学家认为 2030 年就能实现。 四、完形填空 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A 6.B 7. A 8. C 9. A 五、五选四 1. A 2. C 3. E 4. D 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $