上海交通大学附属中学2025-2026学年度第二学期高二期中考试英语试卷

2025-2026学年度第二学期 高二英语期中考试卷 (满分150分，130分钟完成。答案一徘写在答题纸上。) 命题：陈欣怡 审核：王啡 第一卷 I.Listcning Comprchension(25') Section A(10') Directions:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.Afer you hear a conversation and the question about it.read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1.A.At the man's office. B.At the woman's office. C.In a cinema. D.Outside their dormitory. 2.A.She likes fruit salad. B.She eats whatever she likes. C.She prefers to be on a diet. D.She is afraid of gaining weight. 3.A.7:30. B.7:40. C.7:50. D.8:00. 4.A.Tim's excellent performance. B.Tim's assignment. C.Tim's graduation day. D.Tim's study habits. 5.A.Husband and wife. B.Manager and customer. C.Hostess and guest. D.Teacher and student. 6.A.Ile has no interest in wild life protection. B.He can't join the group. C.He is sorry to fail in the examination. D.He's already busy with the Student Union issue. 7.A.Price of pctrol.B.Bus fare. C.Traffic condition. D.Petrol shortage. 8.A.They'll have to get some more paint. B.They should get someone to help them. C.They shouldn't delay any longer. D.They don't have to paint the room again. 9.A.Summer vacation. B.Language learning C.Pleasure of traveling. D.English-speaking countries. 10.A.The wornan wants to go to Toronto. B.The man wants to go to Vancouver. C.There are no flights to Toronto. D.There are two direct flights to Toronto. Section B(1.5'*10=15') Directions:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation.The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 2025-2026学年度第二学期高二英语期中考试卷 第1页共12页 Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11.A.She explained the functions of the BCD International. B.She described some popular singers. C.She played a new record. D.She introduced the radio program to listeners. 12.A.About the Big Hits. B.The History of Pop. C.The Road to Music. D.Pop Words. 13.A.To introduce new singers and songwriters. B.To provide the background with music. C.To help to understand the words to the big music hits. D.To hear from listeners'opinions on music. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14.A.To achieve high marks in study. B.To develop their own interests. C.To be responsible for their parents. D.To discover subjects outside class. 15.A.Because there are so few rules. B.Because there are too many rules. C.Because they hate to take part in activities D.Because they are afraid to make mistakes. 16.A.Teachers show little interest in open education. B.Most traditional teachers support open education. C.Many teachers quite enjoy open education. D.Some traditional teachers do not like open education. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. ]7.A.On Saturday momning B.On Thursday morning. C.On Friday morning. D.B and C. 18.A.The textbooks.B.The schedule. C.The telephone number.D.The address. 19.A.On Wednesday.B.On Thursday. C.On Friday. D.On Saturday. 20.A.To ask him to touch Ken. B.To ask him about his schedule. C.To ask him to get all the orders out. D.To ask him to help guide the new students. III.Vocabulary (1'*20=10') *Section A(10') 21.His constant demands became a(n) on her time and energy,leaving her feeling drained and resentful. A.harshness B.subsistence C.imposition D.relevance 22.The league voted to team salaries,hoping to create fairer competition overall. A.cap B.empty C.narrow D.demand 2025-2026学年度第二学期高二英语期中考试卷 第2页共12页 23.Many consumers mistakenly assume that cheaper products are always in quality to their more expensive counterparts on the market. A.senior B.junior C.superior D.inferior 24.We discussed the merits of each proposal,weighing their potential benefits against the associated costs carefully. A.related B.relevant C.irrelevant D.relative 25.The heavy rain will for dangerous driving conditions on the highway this evening. A.angle B.make C.allow D.call 26.The company's hierarchy prevented junior employees from contributing ideas to important decisions. A.narrow B.rigid C.communal D.handful 27.Many species of birds that are to this tropical island migrate north during the summer season A.native B.loyal C.limited D.crucial 28.She treated her grandmother's recipe book as something refusing to share it with anyone outside the family. A.scarred B.sacred C.scared D.scarce 29.Many early families faced brutal winters and disease before the colony finally became self-sufficient. A.ancestor B.invader C.settler D.explorer 30.A dry,ironic sense of humor is of British comedy and often confuses audiences from other cultures. Which of the following is INCORRECT? A.distinctive B.characteristic C.typical D.unique Section B(10') Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A.exactly B.founded C.held D.emerging E.launch F.precision G.sampling H.single I.target J.unexpectedly K.vision Sarah Teichmann is the pioneer behind the Human Cell Atlas,an international initiative to build a 3D map of all our cells."A catalogue of these foundational units of life would lay a foundation for a new era of31 medicine",says Teiclmann. Since its October 201632,19 international scientific institutions and 500 scientists have joined the Atlas,collaborating to map the body's cells,organ by organ. For decades,scientists generally 33 the view that the body contained just 200 cell types.The new technique showed that there were hundreds more."There are so many cell types and cell states that we didn't know about,popping up34when we use this technology," says Teichmann."It became clear that we could one day think about 35 all the cells in 2025-2026学年度第二学期高二英语期中考试卷 第3页共12页 an organism as complex as the human." To do that.Teichmann necded help.So in early 2016,she contacted Aviv Regev,a compututional biologist.Together.they36 the Atlas.Although single-cell genomics was the cutalyst.the project had a larger goul."It's not just about understanding37 cells," Teichmann suys."The Atlas also has the ambition of mapping them within tissucs." 38 imaging techniques can take 2D tissuc sections and trace their molecular profile.allowing reseurchers to"stack them to reconstruct 3D architectures",as Teichmann puts it. By building detailed tissuc profilcs,scicntists can then scc39 how cells interact,how they function when they're healthy -and what changes when they're not.At this resolution rescarchers could,for instance,identify how spccific cancer cells interact to40 them precisely with drugs,or understand how individual immune cells malfunction in infectious discase. IV.Rcading Comprchension (15'+30'=45') Section A Directions:For cach blank in the following pussage there are four words or phrases marked A,B. C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. College freshmien who just arrived on camnpus have heard that college cxists mainly for the suke of work.Collcges themselvcs_41 their graduates'cmployment rates,starting salaries and career networks as major selling points. A majority of students say that getting a better job is a42 rcason for going to college. They want to43that their degrees will lead to higher carnings.That's a44,bccausc this mentality leaves no room for what college should primarily be about:not work but leisure.College is a uniquc timc to discover45 like an ear for poctry,or a keen moral imagination.These may not pay off 46,but they are part of who you arc.It allows your mind to branch out,grow and blossom. Philosopher Josef Picper might have said that when students sce college exclusively in terms of work.they47their own humanity."The point and the justification of leisure,"he wrote,are not that they make it possible for people to "function faultlessly and without48"but rather that they make it possible for workers to remain human.49,Pieper argued,is actually a part of work,keeping you in good working order.He saw leisurc as both 50our full humanity and pointing beyond its limitations. When I was in college,one of my professors lived in a dorm as a faculty adviser.Hle invited students in for coffee and conversation about anything-literature,science,politics.At that time,I knew almost nothing of his life beyond the university.But I saw in his broad curiosity and his comfort with51 discussion a way of life I never before imagined.It was the life of the mind. Precious few areas of American life are not52 by work.College professors often contribute to the problem.We fly through a hundred slides in a 50-minute lecture.We 53 ourselves on how interactive our classes are.It's not easy to make space for leisure within 2025-2026学年度第二学期高二英语期中考试卷 第4页共12页 universities that look increasingly like 54.Still,at their best,colleges offer an alternative to the culture that55people solcly for their labor. Yes,a college education will help someone earn more in a career.That's a good thing.But life is much more than work. 41.A.undertake B.boast C.estimate D.access 42.A.secondary B.unique C.major D.primitive 43.A.ensure B.acknowledge C.follow D.convince 44.A.wonder B.shame C.success D.point 45,A.opportunitics B.pcers C.careers D.capacities 46.A.mentally B.financially C.culturally D.academically 47.A.deny B.project C.demonstrate D.include 48.A.breakdown B.cutdown C.rundown D.shutdown 49.A.Hluman B,Salary C.Degree D.Rest 50.A.preparing B.activating C.withdrawing D.ruining 51.A.informed B.sensible C.unhurried D.literary 52.A.settled B.approached C.dominated D.dismissed 53.A.compliment B.congratulate C.pride D.set 54.A.ivory towers B.middle schools C,science labs D.corporations 55.A.pays B.aims C.rejects D.values Section B Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A.B.C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Why Finnish Babies Don't Sleep in Cribs(要儿床) For expectant parents in Finland.their "bundle of joy"isn't just the baby.Since 1938. new mothers and fathers have received a cardboard bow.often used as the baby's first crib,filled with a small mattress,blankets, infant clothes.outerwear.toiletries,and more. The Finnish goverment supplies the boxes,saying the gift encourages good Thez电ncd parenting habits and aims to give all children an equal start. Some experts think that the starter kit has even helped Finland achieve one of the world's lowest infant death rates Before the tradition began,when many Finnish babies slept in their parents'beds.65 out of 2025-2026学年度第二学期离二英语期中考试管 鄂5页共12颤 1.000 babies died each ycar.Since the introduction of the box-and the custom of having babies sleep separately from their parents-Finland's infant death rate has plummeted to only 3.4 deaths for every 1,000 babies. Over the years,the box's contents have often reflected historical trends.Until 1957,the kits contained plain fabric that mothers would use to sew the baby's clothes.Stretchy fabrics appeared in the 1960s;disposable diapers debuted in 1969.As more women began careers in the 1970s,the layette(新生儿的全套用品)came in easy-to-clean stretch cotton..In2006,cloth diapers reappeared for environmental reasons,and bottles were removed to promote breast-feeding. "It's easy to know when babies were born because the box changes a little each year,"Titta Vayrynen,35 and the mother of two young boys,told a reporter for the BBC."It's nice to compare clothes and think,that kid was born the same year as mine." 56.The underlined word"plummeted"is closest in meaning to A.plugged B.plunged C.preserved D.progressed 57.Which of the following is the correct historical trend in Finland from the 1950s up to the 21st century? A.Experts suggest babies sleep in their parents'beds. B.Disposal diapers have completely replaced cloth diapers. C.Mothers increasingly prefer to bottle-feed babies. D.More and more women have entered workforce. 58.Why does the Finnish government supply the boxes to new parents? A.To promote the idea of environmental protection. B.To encourage babies to develop good sleeping habits. C.To ensure all children begin life on a level playing field. D.To help parents remember in which year the babies were born. 59.Which of the following best describes the author's tone in the passage? A.Critical and doubtful B.Neutral and informative C.Humorous and sarcastic D.Persuasive and urgent (B) What's the perfect number of cards for playing poker? 2025-2026学年度第二学期高二英语期中考试卷 第6页共12页 in Texas Hold'em poker(德州扑克)， A Guide to Poker Hands players bet on the best five-card hand they can Strongest make among the two cards in their hand and the communal onest(公共牌)on the table. Hands are ranked based on their probability of occurring.A full house,for example.with three cards of the same value and two cards of another,is less likely than a flush with any five cards of the same suit.A full house therefore beats a flush..In short-deck poker(短牌扑克)， which removes cards numbered 2 through 5, there are fewer cards of each suit and a flush becomes less likely than a full house.In a recent paper by a computer scientist Christopher Williamson,he examines how the game of poker changes as the number of cards per suit increases or decreases. After rounds of bets,poker players will declare their best hands in what's called the "showdown."Consider two hands:a one pair, which has one pair of cards with the same Weakest value,and a two pair,with two pairs of such cards.In short-deck poker,although a two pair is less likely to appear than a one pair,its showdown probability-the likelihood that it will be the best hand someone has-is actually higher than that of a one pair.That leads to a paradox()in poker. "Thirteen is kind of perfect,"Williamson says regarding how many cards a deck should have in each suit.It's the smallest number for which the showdown ranking actually matches the standard ranking for all hands.Although the usual number of cards in a deck is purely historical-it's said to symbolize 52 weeks in the year and the four seasons-Williamson was delighted to find a more mathematical justification.There is only one superior setup,which would keep all rankings matching their showdown probabilities:you'd need 23 cards in each suit,nearly twice as many as in the traditional deck.According to the mathematical discovery,the 52-card deck,chosen by historical accident,hits a poker-playing sweet spot right on. 60.Which of the following is the correct order of probabilities for a hand to occur? A.Royal Flush>Straight Flush Flush>Straight B.Four of a Kind Three of a Kind Two Pair>Pair C.High Card Pair>Flush Full House D.Flush Four of a Kind Full House High Card 2025-2026学年度第二学期商二英语期中考试卷 第7页共12页 61.What does the "paradox"in poker refer to in the passage? A.A two pair is less likely than a one pair yet has a higher showdown probability. B.A flush is less likely than a full housc yet outranks it in short-deck poker. C.The standard hand ranking shifts when the number of cards per suit changes. D.Short-deck poker uses fewer cards but still follows the same betting rules. 62.According to the passage,why is 52 the perfect number for a deck of cards? A.Because it makes the showdown ranking match the standard ranking for all hands. B.Bccause it is the smallest number where all hand rankings match showdown probabilitics. C.Because it was historically chosen to symbolize 52 weeks and four seasons. D.Because it results in a perfect mathematical setup superior to 23 cards per suit (C) One of the universe's most fascinating wonders is the variability of timekeeping:seconds pass slightly faster on a mountain than in a valley due to gravity's influence.On the moon,a single Earth day is about 56 microseconds shorter,a small but significant divide over time.NASA and its international partners are now working to establish a new"time scale"for the moon,accounting for these differences,rather than simply creating a lunar time zone. Humans have long relied on natural timekeepers like sundials and lunar phases.However, since the appearance of mechanical clocks in the 14th century,precision has become vital.Albert Einstcin's theories of relativity further complicated timekeeping by revealing that gravity slows time.General relativity explains that massive objects,like Earth,bend space-time,causing time to pass more slowly closer to their surface.This phenomenon has been confirmed by atomic clocks, which measure time using atomic oscillation(and tick slower near Earth's surface. To manuge these complexities,scientists use a global network of atomic clocks to create Coordinated Universal Time(UTC),averaging readings to ensure accuracy.However,time behaves even more unpredictably farther from Earth.where gravity weakens and motion affects its passage, according to Einstein's special relativity. Spacecraft already navigate these challenges using onboard oscillators to maintain their own time while correlating with Earth's UTC.For example,missions to Pluto or the Kuiper Belt rely on ground stations but also use their own time scales for navigation.GPS satellites,orbiting 12,550 miles above Earth,have provided valuable data by comparing their atomic clocks to Earth-bound ones.helping scientists refine timckceping for lunar missions. Creating a lunar time scale involves accurately measuring time on the moon while ensuring it can be related back to Earth time.To achieve precision,scientists plan to use a network of clocks on the moon.potentially combining atomic clocks for long-term stability and crystal oscillators for short-term accuracy.These clocks could be placed in lunar orbit or on the surface,with costs ranging from millions of dollars for atomic clocks to less expensive oscillators. This network will support LunaNet,a lunar navigation and communication system similar to Earth's internet and GPS.Establishing this framework requires international collaboration,with NASA and the European Space Agency leading efforts.However,gaining agrecment from non- 2025.2026学年度第二学期高二英语期中考试卷 第8项共12页 allied nations remains a challenge. Precision timekeeping is crucial not only for scientific understanding but also for mission infrastructure.By applying lessons from Earth,scientists aim to create a reliable lunar time scale, paving the way for future missions to Mars and beyond.As Cheryl Gramling of NASA noted, mastering lunar timekeeping will prepare humanity for deeper exploration of the solar system. 63.According to the article,why seconds pass slightly faster on a mountain than in a valley? A.Because the closer to massive objects,the stronger gravity's effect on time is. B.Because atounic clocks are less accurate when they are near Earth's surface. C.Because Earth's rotation squeezes gravity more intensely at lower altitudes D.Because atmospheric pressure extends gravitational bending of time at higher altitudes. 64.The author mentions GPS satellites in paragraph 4 to A.highlight what the limitations of atomic clocks in space are B.argue that GPS technology will be directly used for lunar missions in the future C.illustrate that lunar timekeeping will be even simpler than the earth's GPS system D.give an example of how timekeeping challenges in space have already been addressed 65.What challenges may scientists encounter when they set up a lunar network of clocks? A.The accuracy of placing the clocks in lunar orbit. B.The correlation of atomic clocks with crystal oscillators. C.The difficulty of reaching an agreement among all countries D.The high cost of a lunar navigation and communication system. 66.What does the article suggest about lunar timekeeping? A.It is an ultimate goal shared by NASA and its allied nations. B.It is a scientific pursuit but with few practical applications. C.It will establish a lunar time zone different from that on Earth. D.It is an important step towards future space exploration. Section C Directions:Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box.Each sentence can only be used once.Note that there are two sentences more than you need. A.Employees are,of course,individuals. B.Instead,it brought about a leap in performance,motivating existing staff to become more efficient and attracting productive new hires. C.Rather,it created deep dissatisfaction within the team,which slowly undermined cooperation and damaged the overall group spirit. D.There are good reasons for much of this. E.When recognition is based on team performance,some members may take credit without contributing enough. F.Yet the way organizations are managed has not fully caught up. 2025-2026学年度第二学期高二英语期中考试卷 第9页共12页 Managing Teams in a World Built for Individuals People in organizations have always worked with others,but the emphasis on teams is now greater than before.Technology has made the sharing of ideas and information easier,while a mix of remote and office work has increased the need for teamwork.Studies suggest that people often feel more attached to their work group than to their organization,which shows how important teams have become for motivation and performance. 67 Recruitment(processes usually highlight the achievements of individuals rather than the collectives they have taken part in.Performance reviews,too,remain largely a one- player sport,with bonuses and targets tied to personal outputs instead of shared goals.Many bosses do not even know what most of their team members spend their time on.Research has shown that managers could not recall around 60%of the work their teams carried out.This lack of visibility makes it difficult to measure contributions fairly. Concems also arise about rewards.68At the same time,diligent workers might feel unfairly treated.On the other hand,focusing only on individual results can discourage cooperation and weaken trust among coworkers.Balancing personal and group rewards is therefore a pressing challenge for managers. Even so,some research points to positive outcomes when group rewards are used wisely.A study of a manufacturing firm found that introducing team-based bonuses did not encourage free- riding,as many had feared.69 Other studies have underlined the role of"psychological safety,"the feeling that people can speak their minds without fear,as a vital element of effective teamwork. 70 But if organizations recognize that teams are where much of the real progress happens,they will need to find better ways of understanding,supporting and rewarding collective work. 第二卷 IV.Grammar (10') Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank. Punch,a lonely monkey loved by millions His mother rejected him when he was born.He struggled to fit in with his peers:they bullied him and dragged him around by his hair.His only source of comfort was a plushy(长毛绒)orangutan toy. This is the story of Punch,a seven-month-old Japanese macaque(in a Japanese Zoo,1 has become a global sensation.Posts about him have appeared 630 million times online.Some want to adopt Punch;2 want to punish those who hurt him.An influencer even3(fly)to Japan to check up on him.IKEA has sold out of his toy in several countries.As one fan put it: "Punch is 4(beloved)creature on the Earth right now." 2025-2026学年度第二学期高二英语期中考试卷 第10页共12页 Why has this little guy caused such a big reaction?One reason is 5 humans simply cannot help finding him cute.says Morten Kringelbach,a neuroscientist at Oxford University.Look at something adorable and "within 6 seventh of a second.you gct activity in the orbitofrontal cortex(眼窝前a额皮质)"，a part of the brain which processes pleasure..This has an evolutionary benefit.7(motivate)humans to protect their young.And "Punch", Professor Kringelbach points out,"looks so like a baby,walking around with that soft toy". Another reason is cultural:Punch's story is a classic underdog tale.Life has placed obstacles 8 his path.this narrative goes,and he is much smaller than his bullies.But Punch is resilient and determined to make it in macaque society.9 others knock him down,he gets back up.Viewers urge him to #HanglnTherePunch. Michacl Bond,the author of "Animate",argues,Punch is a reminder of other species' emotional intelligence:watch a video of him and you can see that his suffering and sense of rejection are"very similar"to what a human might feel."It really does change people's perception of what animals are,"Bond says,and may encourage more people10(care)about animal welfare.For a tiny monkey,he certainly packs a Punch. V.Summary (10') Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possible. The Power of Hesitation Hesitation is often seen as a weakness.At the Olympics,athletes must choose the exact moment to start.In these events,even a tiny delay can mean losing a gold medal.For these athletes, hesitation is dangerous.Some mental health conditions are also related to hesitation.OCD( is linked to lack of hesitation while anxiety disorders may cause too much hesitation,making it hard for people to act at all. Recently,neuroscientists have been studying how the brain decides when to act and when to wait.They designed a simple decision-making experiment in which mice heard three different sounds.Some sounds clearly meant they would receive a drop of sugar water.Other sounds meant no reward.A third sound meant there was only a 50 percent chance of getting the reward. Interestingly,the mice hesitated longer when the outcome was uncertain.Even though their behaviour did not change the result,they still paused before acting.This means that hesitation is not simply confusion.Instead,it is an active brain process that responds to uncertainty.The findings suggest that,rather than a weakness to overcome,hesitation appears to be a fundamental brain feature that helps us deal with an uncertain world and avoid costly mistakes. Researchers also found a special group of brain cells that became active only when the mice hesitated.These cells are located in a brain area called the basal ganglia,which is also affected in Parkinson's disease,OCD,and addictions.This connection may provide possible targets for future treatments. 2025-2026学年度第二学期高二苑语期中考1试卷 第11页共12英 Hesitation is not simply a flaw but a useful and necessary brain function.By helping individuals respond carefully to uncertainty,it protects people from mistakes and may also provide new directions for treating mental health disorders. *V1.Translation(3'+3'+4+5'=15) 1.政府决定对进口商品征收重税，以保护本国产业。(impose) 2.许多国家保护自己的文化遗产，大力投资博物馆和修复项目。(protective) 3.到下周参加网络安全讲座时，所有员工将对如何识别和避免常见的网络威胁有一个基 本的了解。(By the time,gasp) 4.虽然没有证据表明人工智能会在未来取代所有人类的工作，但工人们仍然担心，那些依 赖重复性任务的行业会爆发失业危机。(arise) VII.Guided Writing(25) Directions:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是李华，学校为高二学生提供以下三种暑期实践项目：社区志愿服务(Community Volunteer Service)、企业实习体验(Business Internship Experience)和乡村支教活动(Rural Teaching Support Program)。请你写一份信给学生会，选择其中一项作为你所在班级的暑期 实践活动。信的内容须包括： (1)你的选择； (2)你的理由。 2025-2026学年度第二学期高二英语中考试卷 第12页共12项