精品解析：2026届陕西省商洛市镇安县陕西省镇安中学高三下学期5月模拟预测英语试题

英语模拟试题 注意事项： 1．本场考试 120 分钟，满分 150 分。试卷共 12 页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 2．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。 3．回答选择题时，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如果改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。非选择题必须使用黑色签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。 4．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What does the man ask for? A. A refrigerator. B. A frying pan. C. Two eggs. 2. What color is the missing boy’s hair? A. Blue. B. Black. C. Brown. 3. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Express thanks. B. Be positive. C. Help others. 4. How does the woman keep fit? A. By following a healthy diet. B. By not eating fast food. C. By exercising every day. 5. What does the man have difficulty in? A. Correcting his teacher. B. Memorizing new words. C. Reading the words clearly. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What do we know about the woman? A. She is hungry. B. She feels exhausted. C. She works at home. 7. What does the man offer to do? A. Cook dinner. B. Repair the computer. C. Buy tomatoes. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What are the speakers talking about? A. A competition result. B. English pronunciation. C. Story-telling skills. 9. Who is probably the man? A. A judge. B. A listener. C. A host. 10. Whose speech moved the woman deeply? A. Bob’s. B. Sam’s. C. Jim’s. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why did the woman go to a small town? A. To go horse-riding. B. To go to a concert. C. To visit her friends. 12. What did the woman do on Saturday? A. She attended a party. B. She fed cows. C. She watched a movie. 13. What does the woman think of the horse-riding? A. Dull. B. Exciting. C. Tiring. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What made the woman upset? A. Talking with classmates. B. Lacking time to play. C. Having a bad sleep. 15. What does the woman want her roommates to do? A. Keep quiet. B. Be friendly. C. Arrange their studies. 16. What did the man long for at college? A. Soft skills. B. His own room. C. A good friend. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where did the speaker live before he retired? A. In New York. B. In Nevada. C. In Florida. 18. Why did the speaker’s wife sell her company? A. To spend more time with him. B. To earn a large sum of money. C. To live with her son’s family. 19. How many grandchildren does the speaker have? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 20. How does the speaker feel about living with his son? A. Unwilling. B. Expectant. C. Hesitant. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Harvard’s Pre-College Summer School Program Targeted at high school students, Harvard’s two-week intensive Pre-College Summer Program is designed to offer participants a brief insight into college campus life. Once admitted, you will live on the Harvard campus throughout the program while engaging in a non-credit, college-level course. Applications for the Pre-College Program for Summer 2026 are now open, and the program is offered in three distinct sessions with the following schedules: Summer 2026 Session Ⅰ Summer 2026 Session Ⅱ Summer 2026 Session Ⅲ June 21-July 2, 2026 July 5-July 17, 2026 July 19-July 31, 2026 Qualification Requirements Harvard’s Pre-College Program is designed for mature, academically motivated students who are interested in exploring a potential major or simply finding out what college is really like. Our Pre-College Program is open to rising juniors and seniors. To be qualified for Summer 2026, you must meet both of the following criteria: • Will graduate from high school and enter college in 2027 or 2028. • Are at least 16 years old by June 20, 2026, and will not turn 19 years old before July 31, 2026. How to Apply Complete a program application and submit the following materials: • Counselor (顾问) report: You can request a link be sent to your counselor in the application. • Transcripts (学生成绩单) from 9th grade through the current term: This can include progress reports, report cards, and educational summaries from your high school. • Rules and Media Release online form: You can request a link be sent to your parent or legal guardian in the application. Application Tips • No application fee to start: You only need to pay the $75 nonrefundable fee when submitting your application. • Use a desktop/laptop: Short essays are required, and writing them on a mobile phone is difficult. • Check your email: You will get an email to log in and check your application status after submission. 1. What can participants of the Pre-College Program do? A. Choose a college major early. B. Earn college credits in advance. C. Prepare for college entrance tests. D. Experience college life firsthand. 2. Which of the following is required for all applicants? A. School reports since ninth grade. B. Language proficiency test scores. C. A counselor’s recommendation letter. D. A recent medical examination report. 3. Where is the text most likely from? A. A high school guide. B. A college’s program brochure. C. An online course advertisement. D. An academic journal on adolescence. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍哈佛2026年预科夏校的三期时间、招生年龄及毕业年级要求，列明申请所需材料，并给出申请费用、设备及邮箱查进度等实用提示。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Once admitted, you will live on the Harvard campus throughout the program while engaging in a non-credit, college-level course.(一旦被录取，您将在整个项目期间居住在哈佛校园内，并参加一门不计学分、与大学课程相当的课程)”可知，预大学程项目的参与者可以亲身体验大学生活。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据How to Apply部分“Transcripts (学生成绩单) from 9th grade through the current term: This can include progress reports, report cards, and educational summaries from your high school.(从九年级到当前学期的成绩单：这可能包括进步报告、成绩单以及您高中时期的教育总结)”可知，从九年级起的学校成绩单是所有申请人都必须提供的材料。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Targeted at high school students, Harvard’s two-week intensive Pre-College Summer Program is designed to offer participants a brief insight into college campus life.(哈佛大学为期两周的“大学预科暑期强化课程”专为高中生设计，旨在让参与者对大学校园生活有一个初步的了解)”结合本文介绍哈佛 2026 年预科夏校的三期时间、招生年龄及毕业年级要求，列明申请所需材料，并给出申请费用、设备及邮箱查进度等实用提示可知，文章出自一所大学的项目宣传册。 B As a woman in my late thirties, I wanted to see the world on my own terms, so I started a solo (单独的) journey to Cape Town for my 40th birthday. After a 15-hour flight, I stepped off the plane and felt the vibrant energy of the “Mother City”. Over the next 11 days, I had amazing experiences in Cape Town. On my first night, I was invited to dinner by a flight attendant I met while stretching on the long flight. Surrounded by new friends and immersed in local hospitality, I had much fun. The next day, I encountered another solo traveler from my home state of Washington. We enjoyed exploring Cape Town for one day together. Soon we became friends, laughing and sharing our life stories with each other. Anyway, I found beauty in connecting with locals and other travelers. One of my favorite things I did while in Cape Town was riding an all-terrain vehicle in the white Atlantis Dunes (沙丘) extending for miles. For an hour I got to ride my heart out, opening my mind to all the endless possibilities. Additionally, I also visited the Cape of Good Hope, the southwestern most point of Africa, where I hiked through breathtaking scenery, with views of both the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean. While I consider myself an experienced hiker, I wasn’t prepared for the steep elevation of Cape Town’s iconic routes. The hikes up Lion’s Head and Table Mountain were among the most difficult I’ve ever done. During the 5.5-hour hike on Table Mountain, there were moments I felt like quitting — but, just like in life, you can’t give up when things get tough. Reaching the top, with its 2,000-foot elevation, was a fantastic experience. My solo journey to Cape Town tested my limits and broadened my perspective. While I may not recommend solo travel to Cape Town for the faint of heart, I wholeheartedly encourage others to step outside their comfort zones and embrace solo exploration. 4. What did the author experience during the first two days of her trip? A. The enjoyment of local foods. B. The boredom of solo traveling. C. The magic of human connection. D. The stress of unfamiliar surroundings. 5. What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 3? A. She is adventurous. B. She is ambitious. C. She is optimistic. D. She is outgoing. 6. How does the author like hiking along Cape Town’s iconic routes? A. Frightening but relaxing. B. Dangerous and tiring. C. Challenging but rewarding. D. Surprising and demanding. 7. What does the author want to tell us in the text? A. Travel and enjoy freedom. B. Step out and try new things. C. Friendship brings great joy. D. Nature shapes our character. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了作者在40岁生日之际开启了一场前往开普敦的独自旅行，这段旅程让作者领略了美丽景色的同时，在挑战自我中收获了成长与感悟。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“On my first night, I was invited to dinner by a flight attendant... Surrounded by new friends... I had much fun. The next day, I encountered another solo traveler... Soon we became friends... Anyway, I found beauty in connecting with locals and other travelers.(第一晚，我被一名空乘邀请共进晚餐……被新朋友包围……我很开心。第二天，我遇到了另一位独自旅行者……很快我们成了朋友……总之，我在与当地人和其他旅行者的联系中发现了美。)”可知，作者在前两天通过结识新朋友并与之互动，体验到了人际交往的美好。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“One of my favorite things I did while in Cape Town was riding an all-terrain vehicle in the white Atlantis Dunes (沙丘) extending for miles. For an hour I got to ride my heart out, opening my mind to all the endless possibilities.(在开普敦时，我最喜欢做的事情之一就是在绵延数英里的白色亚特兰蒂斯沙丘上乘坐全地形车。在一个小时里，我尽情地驰骋，向所有无尽的可能性敞开心扉。)”可知，作者喜欢尝试驾驶全地形车这种具有探索性和刺激性的活动，并且思维开阔，这体现了她具有冒险精神。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“The hikes up Lion’s Head and Table Mountain were among the most difficult I’ve ever done. During the 5.5-hour hike on Table Mountain, there were moments I felt like quitting — but, just like in life, you can’t give up when things get tough. Reaching the top, with its 2,000-foot elevation, was a fantastic experience.(攀登狮头山和桌山的徒步是我做过的最困难的事情之一，在桌山5.5小时的徒步旅行中，有时候我想放弃——但是，就像在生活中一样，当事情变得艰难时，你不能放弃。到达海拔2000英尺的山顶是一次美妙的经历。)”可知，虽然徒步过程非常艰难、具有挑战性，但登顶后的体验非常美妙、值得。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“While I may not recommend solo travel to Cape Town for the faint of heart, I wholeheartedly encourage others to step outside their comfort zones and embrace solo exploration.(虽然我不建议胆小的人独自去开普敦旅行，但我全心全意鼓励其他人走出舒适区，拥抱独自探索。)”以及全文作者通过独自旅行挑战自我、拓宽视野的经历可知，作者旨在通过本文鼓励人们走出舒适区，尝试新事物。 C A sweeping analysis of 15 studies from seven databases found patients consistently rate AI chatbots as warmer and more empathetic than real clinicians, and that overall, AI had a 73% chance of being judged more empathetic in head-to-head comparisons. The work was led by teams at the University of Nottingham and the University of Leicester. Across nine separate studies, ChatGPT-4 routinely outscored licensed clinicians. On thyroid (甲状腺) surgery questions, the AI’s empathy ratings sat 1.42 standard deviations (标准偏差) above human surgeons. On mental health questions, they sat 0.97 standard deviations higher than real professionals. When responding to patient complaints routed through hospital departments, the gap widened dramatically: 2.08 standard deviations in favor of the AI over patient relations staff. Crucially, this wasn’t just a patient-only effect. Physicians themselves rated the AI’s voices as more empathetic than their peers’ responses to the same questions. Part of the AI advantage is structural. Large language models are trained on oceans of human conversation and tend to use patient-centered phrasing: acknowledging feelings, summarizing concerns, and offering clear next steps. They don’t get rushed, burned out, or defensive, and they can apply best practice wording consistently. Meanwhile, clinicians answering inbox messages are handling time pressure and the messy context of a person’s chart. Rather than replacing clinicians, however, the researchers argue for a cooperative workflow: Doctors write the core medical advice while AI polishes tone, adds clear, comforting phrasing, and predicts common fears. Then, clinicians review this data and send it to patients. This could lighten inbox burden, reduce short replies that sour relationships, and lift patient satisfaction without sacrificing accuracy. Such approaches are already coming into daily practice. Online, words can do a lot. In the growing slice of medicine — portal messages, email follow-ups, frequently-asked question explanations — AI already writes the way many patients wish all clinicians did: slower, gentler, clearer about emotions and next steps. The opportunity is to let AI mentor us in our written bedside manner while clinicians safeguard judgment, small differences, and truth. The challenge now is to bring that warmth into care without losing what only humans can do. 8. What can be inferred about AI chatbots in medical communication? A. They are widely trusted by doctors. B. They can win patients’ favor easily. C. They focus mainly on mental health. D. They outperform clinicians academically. 9. Which is an advantage of AI in patient communication? A. Its ability to work tirelessly. B. Its tendency to express emotions. C. Its access to private patient data. D. Its training on medical textbooks. 10. What do the researchers suggest in Paragraph 4? A. Training clinicians to copy AI’s communication style. B. Replacing clinicians with AI to improve efficiency. C. Using AI to make independent medical decisions. D. Adopting a joint clinician-AI working mode. 11. What does the underlined word “mentor” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Control. B. Replace. C. Guide. D. Monitor. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍研究发现AI聊天机器人在医疗沟通中比真人医生更具亲和力与共情力，分析了其优势成因，并提出医患与AI协作的工作模式，主张让AI辅助优化医疗文字沟通、保留人类医生核心专业价值。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“A sweeping analysis of 15 studies from seven databases found patients consistently rate AI chatbots as warmer and more empathetic than real clinicians, and that overall, AI had a 73% chance of being judged more empathetic in head-to-head comparisons.(一项对来自7个数据库的15项研究的全面分析发现，患者一致认为人工智能聊天机器人比真人临床医生更温暖、更具共情能力；总体来看，在一对一的对比测评中，人工智能被判定更具共情能力的概率达到73%。)”可知，人工智能聊天机器人更容易获得患者的好感。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“They don’t get rushed, burned out, or defensive, and they can apply best practice wording consistently(它们不会匆忙行事、身心疲惫或产生防御心态，还能始终使用最优沟通话术)”可知，人工智能可以不知疲倦地工作，这是其在患者沟通中的一个优势。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Rather than replacing clinicians, however, the researchers argue for a cooperative workflow: Doctors write the core medical advice while AI polishes tone, adds clear, comforting phrasing, and predicts common fears. Then, clinicians review this data and send it to patients. This could lighten inbox burden, reduce short replies that sour relationships, and lift patient satisfaction without sacrificing accuracy.(然而，研究人员并不主张用AI取代临床医生，而是提出了一种协作式工作流程：医生撰写核心医疗建议，而AI则润色语气、添加清晰且安抚人心的措辞，并预测患者常见的担忧。然后，临床医生审核这些综合信息后再发送给患者。这可以减轻医生的收件箱负担，减少那些破坏医患关系的简短回复，并在不牺牲准确性的前提下提高患者满意度。)”可知，研究人员建议采用医生与人工智能协同工作的模式。 【11题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“...AI already writes the way many patients wish all clinicians did: slower, gentler, clearer about emotions and next steps. The opportunity is to let AI mentor us in our written bedside manner while clinicians safeguard judgment, small differences, and truth.(……人工智能的行文风格，恰好契合了多数患者对医生沟通方式的期待：语气更舒缓、态度更温和，对情绪安抚和后续诊疗安排的表述也更清晰。机会在于让人工智能在我们的书面诊疗方式上mentor我们，同时由临床医生来守护专业判断、细微差异和真相。)”可知，AI已经在用患者希望的方式写作，AI作为辅助工具，在书面交流方式上提供示范和引导，而医生仍然掌握专业判断和真实性，由此可推知，mentor意为“指导、引导”。 D Some of the earliest plants attracted pollinators (传粉者) by producing heat that made these plants shine, according to a new study published in Science. These heat-producing plants, called cycads, exist today in tropical forests although they’re endangered. They’re related to pines, and male and female plants each produce fleshy, pinecone-like (松果似的) structures containing the pollen and the seeds. Several centuries ago, botanists noticed their reproductive cones can heat up by 15°F-25°F or more above the surrounding air temperature. Recent research illustrates male and female cones heat up at slightly different times, which could send pollinators moving from one cone to the other. To understand more, Wendy Valencia-Montoya, a cycad expert at Harvard University, and her colleagues painted some pollinating insects with shiny markers to watch when the insects went to the plant. They found that the insects were clearly going to the plant cones when they heated up. Next the team created 3D-printed fake pollen cones, which got filled with heated sand inside and glowed in the infrared (红外线). In an experiment, they wrapped the fake cone with plastic wrap that’s clear to infrared light. Insects could see the infrared light but not get close enough to the cone to feel the heat. What they found is that the infrared light, by itself, was enough to attract pollinating insects. When they looked at those insects, they found that they have specialized antennae (触角) that have evolved to detect slight differences in temperature. Additionally, the insects’ antennae seem to be tuned to the exact temperature range presented by their host plant. “Back when plants first evolved pollen, the insects that were active at night had poor vision,” says Valencia-Montoya. “So it makes sense that a signal like heat was guiding them.” But as new groups appeared that were active in the day and had better vision, like butterflies, “it makes more sense for plants to change their signaling strategy to also tap into the sensory systems of these more recent pollinators,” she says. Once color became a possible signal, flowering plants had an immense range of color combinations, allowing them to rapidly diversify. 12. How did Valencia-Montoya’s team conduct the experiment? A. By using real plants consistently. B. By tracking plants with markers. C. By applying artificial heated cones. D. By changing the insects’ natural habits. 13. Why were the insects attracted to the fake cones in the experiment? A. They preferred plastic wrap. B. They saw the shiny markers. C. They smelled the heated sand. D. They sensed the infrared light. 14. What did the researchers do to confirm their findings further? A. They referred to previous research. B. They explored the pollinating insects. C. They compared different plant species. D. They analyzed impacts of plants’ shining. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Ancient heat signals in plants B. A new discovery about cycads C. The evolution of plant pollinators D. Insects helping plants reproduce 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了一项发表于《科学》杂志的新研究，揭示了远古植物苏铁通过产生热量发出红外线信号来吸引传粉者的机制。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Next the team created 3D-printed fake pollen cones, which got filled with heated sand inside and glowed in the infrared (红外线). (下来，该团队创建了3D打印的假花粉锥，里面装满了加热的沙子，在红外波段发光。)”可知，Valencia-Montoya的团队通过使用人工加热的锥体来进行实验。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“In an experiment, they wrapped the fake cone with plastic wrap that’s clear to infrared light. Insects could see the infrared light but not get close enough to the cone to feel the heat. (在一项实验中，他们用红外线透明的塑料薄膜包裹假花粉锥。昆虫可以看到红外光，但不能足够靠近锥体感觉热量。)”和第四段中“What they found is that the infrared light, by itself, was enough to attract pollinating insects.(他们发现，红外线本身就足以吸引传粉昆虫。)”可知，昆虫被假锥体吸引是因为它们感知到了红外线。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“When they looked at those insects, they found that they have specialized antennae (触角) that have evolved to detect slight differences in temperature. (当他们观察这些昆虫时，发现它们拥有特化的触角，这些触角进化出可以探测细微温差的能力。)”可知，为了进一步证实发现，研究人员对传粉昆虫进行了探索，检查其触角结构。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章首段提出主题“Some of the earliest plants attracted pollinators (传粉者) by producing heat... (一些最早的植物通过产生热量来吸引传粉者……)”，随后通过实验详细阐述了植物如何利用热量产生的红外线信号吸引昆虫，最后讨论了这一信号的进化意义。因此，“Ancient heat signals in plants (植物古老的热信号)”最适合作为文章标题。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I was recently having a conversation with a Brazilian. While we were speaking in Portuguese, his words flowed naturally and fluently. After some time, a Norwegian man joined our conversation, so we switched to English. As we talked in English, I felt as if I was talking to a different person. While in Portuguese the Brazilian was intelligent and funny, in English he was nervous and unconfident. ____16____ Every language has a unique rhythm and flow. When you speak a foreign language using the rhythm from your native language, the listener mightn’t understand everything you say. Portuguese is spoken almost as if you’re singing. ____17____ Brazilians often speak English in the same rhythmic way, which sounds strange to English speakers not used to this style of speech. ____18____ Different groups of people use different words and expressions to say the same thing. For example, to say “I have to go to the bathroom”, a surfer might say “I’ve gotta take a dookie”, and a military man would say “I have to use the latrine”. They mean the same thing, but which one you use reveals certain things about who you are. Without knowing the equivalent (等同的) phrases in a foreign language, you won’t be able to properly express your personality. ____19____ But this doesn’t work if that expression isn’t the same in both languages. Or you’ll say them in a very direct way, which may come across as rude. So why not try and improve the way you speak? You can record yourself speaking in your foreign language and compare your intonation (语调) and flow with that of a native speaker. ____20____ Observe the words they use and how they use them in speech, and take note of their rhythm and their body language while speaking. A. You may try to translate them literally. B. How can he turn to the Internet and a native speaker? C. The idioms you use show a lot about your background. D. Individual words come together to paint a larger picture. E. You speak it sentence by sentence, rising and falling as you do. F. So how does speaking in a foreign language make one different? G. It’s also a good idea to study someone with a similar personality as you. 【答案】16. F 17. E 18. C 19. A 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文通过巴西人说不同语言表现迥异的例子，从语言节奏和用语习惯两方面分析了外语会改变人的言行气质的原因，并给出了提升外语口语表达、展现自身个性的可行方法。 【16题详解】 根据前文“I felt as if I was talking to a different person. While in Portuguese the Brazilian was intelligent and funny, in English he was nervous and unconfident.(我感觉自己在和另一个人说话。说葡萄牙语时，这个巴西人聪明又风趣；说英语时，他紧张又缺乏自信。)”以及后文“Every language has a unique rhythm and flow.(每种语言都有独特的节奏和语流。)”可知，前文描述了同一个人说不同语言时表现出的巨大差异，后文开始解释造成这种差异的原因（语言节奏不同）。F选项“So how does speaking in a foreign language make one different?(那么说外语是如何让人变得不同的呢？)”以问句形式承上启下，既总结了前文的现象，又引出了后文的分析，符合语境。 【17题详解】 前文“Portuguese is spoken almost as if you’re singing.(葡萄牙语说起来几乎就像在唱歌。)”描述了葡萄牙语的节奏特点；后文“Brazilians often speak English in the same rhythmic way, which sounds strange to English speakers not used to this style of speech.(巴西人经常用同样的节奏方式说英语，这对不习惯这种说话方式的英语母语者来说听起来很奇怪。)”指出巴西人把这种节奏带到英语中会产生奇怪的效果。E选项“You speak it sentence by sentence, rising and falling as you do.(你一句一句地说，语调随之起伏。)”进一步解释葡萄牙语“像唱歌”的具体特点，为后文“同样的节奏方式”提供了具体内容，也解释了为什么巴西人会把这种“起伏”的节奏带入英语。 【18题详解】 此空为段首句，根据后文“Different groups of people use different words and expressions to say the same thing.(不同群体用不同词句表达同一件事)”以及举例不同身份的人表达方式不同可知，本段阐述了另一个影响语言表达的因素——词汇和表达方式的差异。C选项“The idioms you use show a lot about your background.(你使用的习语很大程度上反映了你的背景。)”统领本段，引出了后文关于不同群体（冲浪者、军人）使用不同表达方式的例子，适合作为主旨句。 【19题详解】 前文“Without knowing the equivalent phrases in a foreign language, you won’t be able to properly express your personality.(不知道外语中的对应短语，你就无法恰当地表达自己的个性。)”指出缺乏对应短语会影响个性表达，后文“But this doesn’t work if that expression isn’t the same in both languages. Or you’ll say them in a very direct way, which may come across as rude.(但如果那种表达方式在两种语言中不一样，这就行不通了。或者你会以一种非常直接的方式说出来，这可能会显得粗鲁。)”则指出某种做法会失败或导致粗鲁。因此，此空需要填入一种人们在说外语时可能采取的错误做法——即试图直接翻译母语中的表达。A选项“You may try to translate them literally.(你可能会尝试逐字直译它们。)”承接前文“没有对应短语”的困境，引出后文对直译后果的说明，符合语境。该选项中的“translate them literally”对应后文“this doesn’t work if that expression isn’t the same in both languages”以及“say them in a very direct way”。 【20题详解】 前文“So why not try and improve the way you speak? You can record yourself speaking in your foreign language and compare your intonation and flow with that of a native speaker.(那么为什么不尝试改善你说话的方式呢？你可以录下自己说外语的声音，将你的语调和语流与母语者进行比较。)”提出了第一种改进方法（录音对比母语者的语调和语速）；后文“Observe the words they use and how they use them in speech, and take note of their rhythm and their body language while speaking.(观察他们使用的词语以及他们在说话中如何使用这些词语，并注意他们的节奏和说话时的肢体语言。)”建议观察用词、节奏和肢体语言。G选项“It’s also a good idea to study someone with a similar personality as you.(找一个与你性格相似的人来学习也是一个好主意。)”引出第二种具体的学习方法，与前面的“录音对比”形成并列或递进关系。选项中的“study someone with a similar personality”与后文的“Observe the words they use”形成自然的动作承接。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Just two months into my PhD, I was on the edge of quitting. I remember stepping off the overnight train into the city with a single ____21____: I was here to become a scientist. But I ____22____ felt out of place. On my first day, my supervisor asked me to set up a reaction I’d never done before. I ____23____ to know what to do, and watched a senior student until my shaky hands could ____24____ her movements. I often stayed in the lab until midnight, afraid of being ____25____. Most of all, I had the language barrier. I was ____26____ to classes taught in Chinese, but here everyone spoke English. After the presentation that left me ____27____, just as I was considering leaving science, a senior lab member ____28____ me aside, saying, “You’re here not because of your English but because you can think.” His words gave me the courage to ____29____. I started to record every class and meeting, replaying presentations late at night. My progress in English was ____30____ but steady. Later, I ran my own lab. When I saw a student ____31____ with an experiment, just like I once did, I told her what my lab partner once told me, “You aren’t here because your ____32____ always work. You’re here because you can think.” Her smile told me she was ____33____ by these words. Today, what I value most in my job is the ____34____ I see in the students who arrive uncertain, but who leave with enough ____35____. 21. A. theory B. instruction C. direction D. belief 22. A. eventually B. instantly C. unfortunately D. narrowly 23. A. happened B. attempted C. pretended D. learned 24. A. copy B. control C. replace D. modify 25. A. missed out B. driven away C. laughed at D. left behind 26. A. opposed B. used C. exposed D. addicted 27. A. confused B. scared C. discouraged D. excited 28. A. pulled B. set C. moved D. cast 29. A. explore B. leap C. innovate D. continue 30. A. solid B. slow C. obvious D. great 31. A. sticking B. dealing C. struggling D. meeting 32. A. experiments B. efforts C. approaches D. routines 33. A. touched B. astonished C. attracted D. inspired 34. A. responsibility B. transformation C. stability D. strength 35. A. patience B. motivation C. confidence D. support 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】讲述了作者博士初期因科研生疏、语言障碍深陷迷茫想放弃，受学长鼓励坚持苦练英语。后来她开导困境中的学生，也见证了学子从迷茫走向自信的成长蜕变。 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意：读博士才两个月，我差点放弃，记得走下通宵火车来到这座城市时，心中只有一个信念：我要在这里成为一名科学家。A. theory理论；B. instruction指导；C. direction方向；D. belief信念。根据后文“I was here to become a scientist”可知，作者怀揣求学追梦的内心信念。 【22题详解】 考查副词。句意：但我立刻就感到格格不入。A. eventually最终；B. instantly立刻；C. unfortunately不幸地；D. narrowly勉强地。根据后文“felt out of place”可知，作者初到陌生环境马上感到不适应。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：我假装自己知道该怎么做，然后一直观察着一位高年级的学生，直到我的颤抖双手能够模仿她的动作为止。A. happened发生；B. attempted尝试；C. pretended假装；D. learned学习。根据后文“to know what to do, and watched a senior student”可知，自己不会却故作镇定假装懂。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：我假装自己知道该怎么做，然后一直观察着一位高年级的学生，直到我的颤抖双手能够模仿她的动作为止。A. copy模仿；B. control控制；C. replace替代；D. modify修改。根据后文“her movements”指作者照着别人的动作学着做实验。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我常常待到深夜，害怕被别人落在后面。A. missed out错失；B. driven away赶走；C. laughed at嘲笑；D. left behind落后。根据上文“I often stayed in the lab until midnight”可知，作者怕能力不足被同龄人赶超落下。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我习惯了中文授课，而这里所有人都说英语。A. opposed反对的；B. used习惯的；C. exposed接触的；D. addicted沉迷的。根据后文“to classes taught in Chinese, but here everyone spoke English”可知，作者习惯了中文授课，而这里所有人都说英语。be used to为固定搭配，表示“习惯于”。 【27题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在那次令我感到沮丧的报告之后，正当我打算放弃从事科学工作的时候，一位资深实验室成员把我叫到一边，说道：“你来这里不是因为你的英语好，而是因为你有思考的能力。”A. confused困惑的；B. scared害怕的；C. discouraged沮丧的；D. excited兴奋的。根据后文“just as I was considering leaving science”可知，作者语言障碍导致汇报失利，内心受挫沮丧。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：在那次令我感到沮丧的报告之后，正当我打算放弃从事科学工作的时候，一位资深实验室成员把我叫到一边，说道：“你来这里不是因为你的英语好，而是因为你有思考的能力。”A. pulled拉；B. set放置；C. moved移动；D. cast投掷。根据后文“me aside, saying, “You’re here not because of your English but because you can think.””可知，作者被拉到一边开导。pull sb. aside 固定搭配，表示“把某人拉到一边”。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：他的话给了我坚持下去的勇气。A. explore探索；B. leap跳跃；C. innovate创新；D. continue坚持、继续。根据后文“I started to record every class and meeting, replaying presentations late at night.”可知，作者原本想放弃，受鼓励后决定继续学业。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我的英语进步缓慢但很稳定。A. solid稳固的；B. slow缓慢的；C. obvious明显的；D. great巨大的。根据后文“but steady”以及语言提升不可能速成，是慢而稳的过程。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：当我看到一名学生在做实验时遇到了困难，就像我曾经遇到过的一样，我便向她讲述了我当时的实验搭档曾经对我说过的话：“你来这里，并不是因为你的实验总是能成功。”A. sticking坚持；B. dealing处理；C. struggling挣扎；D. meeting遇见。根据后文“with an experiment, just like I once did, I told her what my lab partner once told me, “You aren’t here because your”指做实验遇到困难难以推进，陷入困境。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：当我看到一名学生在做实验时遇到了困难，就像我曾经遇到过的一样，我便向她讲述了我当时的实验搭档曾经对我说过的话：“你来这里，并不是因为你的实验总是能成功。”A. experiments实验；B. efforts努力；C. approaches方法；D. routines惯例。结合上文“with an experiment”可知，指代科研中的实验。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她的笑容表明她被这番话鼓舞了。A. touched感动的；B. astonished惊讶的；C. attracted吸引的；D. inspired受鼓舞的。根据上文“Her smile told me ”可知，话语给了学生力量与启发，使其受到鼓舞。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：如今，在我的工作中，我最为看重的便是所见证的这些变化：那些起初满怀疑惑的学生，在完成学业后，竟变得如此自信满满。A. responsibility责任；B. transformation蜕变、转变；C. stability稳定；D. strength力量。根据后文“I see in the students who arrive uncertain”指学生从迷茫不确定到成长蜕变。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：如今，在我的工作中，我最为看重的便是所见证的这些变化：那些起初满怀疑惑的学生，在完成学业后，竟变得如此自信满满。A. patience耐心；B. motivation动力；C. confidence自信；D. support支持。根据上文“I see in the students who arrive uncertain, but who leave with enough”以及对应文中作者从自卑迷茫到坚定从容，学生也收获自信。 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “Recasting the Past: The Art of Chinese Bronzes, 1100-1900” at the Shanghai Museum is featuring new stage design ____36____ selected exhibits from the museum’s collection, showcasing approximately 178 pieces or sets of artifacts, including dozens ____37____ have never been displayed to the public. The exhibition, ____38____ (joint) hosted by the Shanghai Museum and The Metropolitan Museum of Art, was first held at the latter. It featured artwork of 15 collections from Asia and Europe. Paintings, ceramics and works in other media provided context for the bronzes’ use and symbolic resonance in ____39____ modern age. The exhibition is of the largest scale of ____40____ (late) Chinese bronzes in recent years, both domestically and internationally, according to a research curator (馆长) in the bronze department of the Shanghai Museum and the curator of the Shanghai exhibition. Bronze ____41____ (use) as ritual vessels (礼器) hit its peak era during the three dynasties: Xia, Shang and Zhou. It gradually ____42____ (fade) from the center stage afterward, until the Song Dynasty, when copies of ancient ritual vessels began to appear. Bronzeware continued to enjoy great ____43____ (popular) throughout the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, undergoing a ____44____ (function) transformation as trends changed. Their placement gradually shifted from temples and palaces _____45_____ the studies of the literati (文人) and civilian households. 【答案】36. and 37. that##which 38. jointly 39. the 40. late 41. used 42. faded 43. popularity 44. functional 45. to 【解析】 【导语】主要说明了上海博物馆青铜展联合大都会博物馆举办，展出百余件文物，含多件首次公展。青铜器历经朝代演变，从礼器逐渐走入文人与民间生活。 【36题详解】 考查连词。句意：上海博物馆举办《重铸往昔：中国青铜器艺术（1100—1900）》展览，采用全新展厅设计并精选馆藏文物，展出约178件/套器物，其中数十件为首次对外公开展出。new stage design和selected exhibits为并列关系，用连词and。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：上海博物馆举办《重铸往昔：中国青铜器艺术（1100–1900）》展览，采用全新展厅设计并精选馆藏文物，展出约178件/套器物，其中多件为首次对外公开展出。定语从句修饰先行词dozens，在从句作主语，指物故用that或which。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：此次展览由上海博物馆和大都会艺术博物馆联合举办，最初是在后者举行。修饰动词host用副词jointly。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：绘画、陶瓷制品以及其他各类艺术品为这些青铜器在现代的使用方式及其所蕴含的象征意义提供了背景和依据。短语in the modern age表示“在现代”。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：据上海博物馆青铜馆的研究馆员以及此次上海展览的策展人介绍，此次展览是近年来国内和国际上规模最大的晚期中国青铜器展。此处语义为“中国晚期青铜器”，用形容词late（晚期的）作定语修饰Chinese。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：青铜器作为祭祀用具的使用，在夏、商、周这三个朝代达到了鼎盛时期。此处use与Bronze构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。 【42题详解】 考查时态。句意：此后，它逐渐从聚光灯下淡出，直到宋朝时期，才出现了古代礼器的复制品。发生在过去用一般过去时。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：元、明、清三代，青铜器依旧备受推崇，随着时代风尚变迁，其功能定位也发生了转变。作动词enjoy的宾语，用名词popularity。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：元、明、清三代，青铜器依旧备受推崇，随着时代风尚变迁，其功能定位也发生了转变。修饰名词transformation用形容词functional，作定语。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：它们的摆放位置逐渐从寺庙和宫殿转向了文人的书房以及普通百姓的家中。短语shift from…to…表示“从……转向……”。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分 15 分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周你作为志愿者参与了本地“老手艺，新故事(Old Crafts, New Stories)”活动，协助手艺人展示技艺。请给你的英国朋友 Ella 写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： 1. 写邮件目的； 2. 志愿工作内容； 3. 你的感想。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为 80 个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Ella, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Ella, I’m writing to share my wonderful volunteer experience in the local activity “Old Crafts, New Stories” held last week. During the activity, I worked with traditional craftsmen. I helped them set up stalls, introduce their handmade works and guide visitors to watch their craft performances patiently. This experience left me deeply impressed. The old crafts are amazing and full of cultural value. I feel it our duty to inherit and promote traditional Chinese folk culture. It was truly a rewarding experience. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友 Ella 写一封邮件分享“老手艺，新故事”活动经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举行：hold→carry out 建立：set up→establish 责任：duty→responsibility 有益的：rewarding→beneficial 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m writing to share my wonderful volunteer experience in the local activity “Old Crafts, New Stories” held last week. 拓展句：I’m writing to share my wonderful volunteer experience, which I gained in the local activity “Old Crafts, New Stories” last week. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m writing to share my wonderful volunteer experience in the local activity “Old Crafts, New Stories” held last week. (运用了过去分词作定语) 【高分句型2】I feel it our duty to inherit and promote traditional Chinese folk culture. (运用了it作形式宾语，动词不定式作真正的宾语) 第二节（满分 25 分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a sunny morning in late May, and the air was filled with a mix of nervousness and hope. Ethan Carter, a 17-year-old high school student, sat in the backseat of a ride-hailing car (网约车), holding his exam bag tightly. He was going to take an exam today. Next to him sat his classmate, Liam Bennett. They had been good friends since freshman year, often studying together and encouraging each other through tough times. The ride-hailing driver, Mr Henderson, a kind middle-aged man, drove steadily, keeping an eye on the time to ensure they arrived at the exam site on schedule. Ethan took a deep breath, reviewing key knowledge in his mind, while Liam looked out the window, a little anxious yet excited about the upcoming exam. Suddenly, without any warning, Liam let out a soft groan (呻吟) and fell forward in his seat. His eyes rolled back, and he stopped breathing. Ethan’s heart skipped a beat, and he immediately realized something was terribly wrong. “Liam! Liam, wake up!” he shouted, shaking his friend gently, but there was no response. Mr Henderson glanced at the rear-view mirror, and his face turned pale with panic. Ethan didn’t hesitate. He had learned first aid in his school’s health class, and all the training kicked in at that moment. He quickly moved Liam into a flat position, checked his pulse and breathing, and found that Liam had suffered a sudden cardiac arrest (心脏停搏). Without wasting a second, Ethan started performing CPR — pressing firmly on Liam’s chest and giving him rescue breaths, repeating the process over and over, his hands shaking but his movements steady. “Hold on, Liam. You’ll be okay!” Ethan whispered, his voice tight with worry but full of determination. Mr Henderson, realizing the urgency, turned on the emergency lights and honked his horn. He kept reassuring Ethan, “We’ll get to the hospital soon, kid. Keep going, you’re doing great.” Ten minutes later, they finally reached the hospital. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Medical staff took Liam from Ethan’s arms and rushed him to the emergency room. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ However, when he arrived at the exam center, the teacher gently shook her head. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Medical staff took Liam from Ethan’s arms and rushed him to the emergency room. All this happened so suddenly that Ethan felt exhausted and terrified, his hands trembling uncontrollably. Without hesitation, Ethan informed Liam’s parents of the whole incident. Minutes felt like hours until a doctor finally emerged, pulling down his mask with a tired smile. “He is stable,” the doctor announced. “Your quick action restarted his heart and saved his life.” Overwhelmed with relief, Ethan sank into a chair, tears streaming down his face, realizing his friend was safe. However, when he arrived at the exam center, the teacher gently shook her head. “I’m sorry, Ethan, but the exam has already concluded,” she said softly. Ethan felt a lump in his throat, realizing he had sacrificed his own opportunity. Yet, as he looked at his phone and saw a message from Liam’s parents thanking him, the disappointment vanished. He knew he had passed a far more important test that day — the test of humanity and friendship. Walking out into the sunlight, he felt a profound sense of peace. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索。Ethan和Liam一起乘坐网约车参加考试，路上Liam突发心脏骤停，Ethan沉着施救，司机奋力将其送到医院，由于拯救及时，Liam最终脱离危险，虽然这件事让Ethan错过了考试，但他通过了人性和友谊的测试。 【详解】1. 续写线索： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可以描写在医院发生的事情，Ethan惊魂未定却依然告知Liam父母情况，最终Liam成功脱离危险。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可以描写Ethan没能参加考试感到失望，但拯救朋友让他通过了人性和友谊的测试。 2. 段落续写： 送到急救室——Ethan惊魂未定——告知Liam父母——Liam脱离危险——Ethan没赶上考试——内心失望但拯救朋友让他收获满足 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①出现：emerge/turn up ②消失：vanish/disappear 情绪类 ①害怕：terrified/afraid ②失望：disappointment/upset 【点睛】【高分句型1】All this happened so suddenly that Ethan felt exhausted and terrified, his hands trembling uncontrollably.(使用了so…that…引导结果状语从句、独立主格结构) 【高分句型2】Overwhelmed with relief, Ethan sank into a chair, tears streaming down his face, realizing his friend was safe. (使用了过去分词作状语、独立主格结构、现在分词作状语、省略that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 英语模拟试题 注意事项： 1．本场考试 120 分钟，满分 150 分。试卷共 12 页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 2．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。 3．回答选择题时，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如果改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。非选择题必须使用黑色签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。 4．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What does the man ask for? A. A refrigerator. B. A frying pan. C. Two eggs. 2. What color is the missing boy’s hair? A. Blue. B. Black. C. Brown. 3. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Express thanks. B. Be positive. C. Help others. 4. How does the woman keep fit? A. By following a healthy diet. B. By not eating fast food. C. By exercising every day. 5. What does the man have difficulty in? A. Correcting his teacher. B. Memorizing new words. C. Reading the words clearly. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What do we know about the woman? A. She is hungry. B. She feels exhausted. C. She works at home. 7. What does the man offer to do? A. Cook dinner. B. Repair the computer. C. Buy tomatoes. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What are the speakers talking about? A. A competition result. B. English pronunciation. C. Story-telling skills. 9. Who is probably the man? A. A judge. B. A listener. C. A host. 10. Whose speech moved the woman deeply? A. Bob’s. B. Sam’s. C. Jim’s. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why did the woman go to a small town? A. To go horse-riding. B. To go to a concert. C. To visit her friends. 12. What did the woman do on Saturday? A. She attended a party. B. She fed cows. C. She watched a movie. 13. What does the woman think of the horse-riding? A. Dull. B. Exciting. C. Tiring. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What made the woman upset? A. Talking with classmates. B. Lacking time to play. C. Having a bad sleep. 15. What does the woman want her roommates to do? A. Keep quiet. B. Be friendly. C. Arrange their studies. 16. What did the man long for at college? A. Soft skills. B. His own room. C. A good friend. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where did the speaker live before he retired? A. In New York. B. In Nevada. C. In Florida. 18. Why did the speaker’s wife sell her company? A. To spend more time with him. B. To earn a large sum of money. C. To live with her son’s family. 19. How many grandchildren does the speaker have? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 20. How does the speaker feel about living with his son? A. Unwilling. B. Expectant. C. Hesitant. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Harvard’s Pre-College Summer School Program Targeted at high school students, Harvard’s two-week intensive Pre-College Summer Program is designed to offer participants a brief insight into college campus life. Once admitted, you will live on the Harvard campus throughout the program while engaging in a non-credit, college-level course. Applications for the Pre-College Program for Summer 2026 are now open, and the program is offered in three distinct sessions with the following schedules: Summer 2026 Session Ⅰ Summer 2026 Session Ⅱ Summer 2026 Session Ⅲ June 21-July 2, 2026 July 5-July 17, 2026 July 19-July 31, 2026 Qualification Requirements Harvard’s Pre-College Program is designed for mature, academically motivated students who are interested in exploring a potential major or simply finding out what college is really like. Our Pre-College Program is open to rising juniors and seniors. To be qualified for Summer 2026, you must meet both of the following criteria: • Will graduate from high school and enter college in 2027 or 2028. • Are at least 16 years old by June 20, 2026, and will not turn 19 years old before July 31, 2026. How to Apply Complete a program application and submit the following materials: • Counselor (顾问) report: You can request a link be sent to your counselor in the application. • Transcripts (学生成绩单) from 9th grade through the current term: This can include progress reports, report cards, and educational summaries from your high school. • Rules and Media Release online form: You can request a link be sent to your parent or legal guardian in the application. Application Tips • No application fee to start: You only need to pay the $75 nonrefundable fee when submitting your application. • Use a desktop/laptop: Short essays are required, and writing them on a mobile phone is difficult. • Check your email: You will get an email to log in and check your application status after submission. 1. What can participants of the Pre-College Program do? A. Choose a college major early. B. Earn college credits in advance. C. Prepare for college entrance tests. D. Experience college life firsthand. 2. Which of the following is required for all applicants? A. School reports since ninth grade. B. Language proficiency test scores. C. A counselor’s recommendation letter. D. A recent medical examination report. 3. Where is the text most likely from? A. A high school guide. B. A college’s program brochure. C. An online course advertisement. D. An academic journal on adolescence. B As a woman in my late thirties, I wanted to see the world on my own terms, so I started a solo (单独的) journey to Cape Town for my 40th birthday. After a 15-hour flight, I stepped off the plane and felt the vibrant energy of the “Mother City”. Over the next 11 days, I had amazing experiences in Cape Town. On my first night, I was invited to dinner by a flight attendant I met while stretching on the long flight. Surrounded by new friends and immersed in local hospitality, I had much fun. The next day, I encountered another solo traveler from my home state of Washington. We enjoyed exploring Cape Town for one day together. Soon we became friends, laughing and sharing our life stories with each other. Anyway, I found beauty in connecting with locals and other travelers. One of my favorite things I did while in Cape Town was riding an all-terrain vehicle in the white Atlantis Dunes (沙丘) extending for miles. For an hour I got to ride my heart out, opening my mind to all the endless possibilities. Additionally, I also visited the Cape of Good Hope, the southwestern most point of Africa, where I hiked through breathtaking scenery, with views of both the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean. While I consider myself an experienced hiker, I wasn’t prepared for the steep elevation of Cape Town’s iconic routes. The hikes up Lion’s Head and Table Mountain were among the most difficult I’ve ever done. During the 5.5-hour hike on Table Mountain, there were moments I felt like quitting — but, just like in life, you can’t give up when things get tough. Reaching the top, with its 2,000-foot elevation, was a fantastic experience. My solo journey to Cape Town tested my limits and broadened my perspective. While I may not recommend solo travel to Cape Town for the faint of heart, I wholeheartedly encourage others to step outside their comfort zones and embrace solo exploration. 4. What did the author experience during the first two days of her trip? A. The enjoyment of local foods. B. The boredom of solo traveling. C. The magic of human connection. D. The stress of unfamiliar surroundings. 5. What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 3? A. She is adventurous. B. She is ambitious. C. She is optimistic. D. She is outgoing. 6. How does the author like hiking along Cape Town’s iconic routes? A. Frightening but relaxing. B. Dangerous and tiring. C. Challenging but rewarding. D. Surprising and demanding. 7. What does the author want to tell us in the text? A. Travel and enjoy freedom. B. Step out and try new things. C. Friendship brings great joy. D. Nature shapes our character. C A sweeping analysis of 15 studies from seven databases found patients consistently rate AI chatbots as warmer and more empathetic than real clinicians, and that overall, AI had a 73% chance of being judged more empathetic in head-to-head comparisons. The work was led by teams at the University of Nottingham and the University of Leicester. Across nine separate studies, ChatGPT-4 routinely outscored licensed clinicians. On thyroid (甲状腺) surgery questions, the AI’s empathy ratings sat 1.42 standard deviations (标准偏差) above human surgeons. On mental health questions, they sat 0.97 standard deviations higher than real professionals. When responding to patient complaints routed through hospital departments, the gap widened dramatically: 2.08 standard deviations in favor of the AI over patient relations staff. Crucially, this wasn’t just a patient-only effect. Physicians themselves rated the AI’s voices as more empathetic than their peers’ responses to the same questions. Part of the AI advantage is structural. Large language models are trained on oceans of human conversation and tend to use patient-centered phrasing: acknowledging feelings, summarizing concerns, and offering clear next steps. They don’t get rushed, burned out, or defensive, and they can apply best practice wording consistently. Meanwhile, clinicians answering inbox messages are handling time pressure and the messy context of a person’s chart. Rather than replacing clinicians, however, the researchers argue for a cooperative workflow: Doctors write the core medical advice while AI polishes tone, adds clear, comforting phrasing, and predicts common fears. Then, clinicians review this data and send it to patients. This could lighten inbox burden, reduce short replies that sour relationships, and lift patient satisfaction without sacrificing accuracy. Such approaches are already coming into daily practice. Online, words can do a lot. In the growing slice of medicine — portal messages, email follow-ups, frequently-asked question explanations — AI already writes the way many patients wish all clinicians did: slower, gentler, clearer about emotions and next steps. The opportunity is to let AI mentor us in our written bedside manner while clinicians safeguard judgment, small differences, and truth. The challenge now is to bring that warmth into care without losing what only humans can do. 8. What can be inferred about AI chatbots in medical communication? A. They are widely trusted by doctors. B. They can win patients’ favor easily. C. They focus mainly on mental health. D. They outperform clinicians academically. 9. Which is an advantage of AI in patient communication? A. Its ability to work tirelessly. B. Its tendency to express emotions. C. Its access to private patient data. D. Its training on medical textbooks. 10. What do the researchers suggest in Paragraph 4? A. Training clinicians to copy AI’s communication style. B. Replacing clinicians with AI to improve efficiency. C. Using AI to make independent medical decisions. D. Adopting a joint clinician-AI working mode. 11. What does the underlined word “mentor” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Control. B. Replace. C. Guide. D. Monitor. D Some of the earliest plants attracted pollinators (传粉者) by producing heat that made these plants shine, according to a new study published in Science. These heat-producing plants, called cycads, exist today in tropical forests although they’re endangered. They’re related to pines, and male and female plants each produce fleshy, pinecone-like (松果似的) structures containing the pollen and the seeds. Several centuries ago, botanists noticed their reproductive cones can heat up by 15°F-25°F or more above the surrounding air temperature. Recent research illustrates male and female cones heat up at slightly different times, which could send pollinators moving from one cone to the other. To understand more, Wendy Valencia-Montoya, a cycad expert at Harvard University, and her colleagues painted some pollinating insects with shiny markers to watch when the insects went to the plant. They found that the insects were clearly going to the plant cones when they heated up. Next the team created 3D-printed fake pollen cones, which got filled with heated sand inside and glowed in the infrared (红外线). In an experiment, they wrapped the fake cone with plastic wrap that’s clear to infrared light. Insects could see the infrared light but not get close enough to the cone to feel the heat. What they found is that the infrared light, by itself, was enough to attract pollinating insects. When they looked at those insects, they found that they have specialized antennae (触角) that have evolved to detect slight differences in temperature. Additionally, the insects’ antennae seem to be tuned to the exact temperature range presented by their host plant. “Back when plants first evolved pollen, the insects that were active at night had poor vision,” says Valencia-Montoya. “So it makes sense that a signal like heat was guiding them.” But as new groups appeared that were active in the day and had better vision, like butterflies, “it makes more sense for plants to change their signaling strategy to also tap into the sensory systems of these more recent pollinators,” she says. Once color became a possible signal, flowering plants had an immense range of color combinations, allowing them to rapidly diversify. 12. How did Valencia-Montoya’s team conduct the experiment? A. By using real plants consistently. B. By tracking plants with markers. C. By applying artificial heated cones. D. By changing the insects’ natural habits. 13. Why were the insects attracted to the fake cones in the experiment? A. They preferred plastic wrap. B. They saw the shiny markers. C. They smelled the heated sand. D. They sensed the infrared light. 14. What did the researchers do to confirm their findings further? A. They referred to previous research. B. They explored the pollinating insects. C. They compared different plant species. D. They analyzed impacts of plants’ shining. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Ancient heat signals in plants B. A new discovery about cycads C. The evolution of plant pollinators D. Insects helping plants reproduce 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I was recently having a conversation with a Brazilian. While we were speaking in Portuguese, his words flowed naturally and fluently. After some time, a Norwegian man joined our conversation, so we switched to English. As we talked in English, I felt as if I was talking to a different person. While in Portuguese the Brazilian was intelligent and funny, in English he was nervous and unconfident. ____16____ Every language has a unique rhythm and flow. When you speak a foreign language using the rhythm from your native language, the listener mightn’t understand everything you say. Portuguese is spoken almost as if you’re singing. ____17____ Brazilians often speak English in the same rhythmic way, which sounds strange to English speakers not used to this style of speech. ____18____ Different groups of people use different words and expressions to say the same thing. For example, to say “I have to go to the bathroom”, a surfer might say “I’ve gotta take a dookie”, and a military man would say “I have to use the latrine”. They mean the same thing, but which one you use reveals certain things about who you are. Without knowing the equivalent (等同的) phrases in a foreign language, you won’t be able to properly express your personality. ____19____ But this doesn’t work if that expression isn’t the same in both languages. Or you’ll say them in a very direct way, which may come across as rude. So why not try and improve the way you speak? You can record yourself speaking in your foreign language and compare your intonation (语调) and flow with that of a native speaker. ____20____ Observe the words they use and how they use them in speech, and take note of their rhythm and their body language while speaking. A. You may try to translate them literally. B. How can he turn to the Internet and a native speaker? C. The idioms you use show a lot about your background. D. Individual words come together to paint a larger picture. E. You speak it sentence by sentence, rising and falling as you do. F. So how does speaking in a foreign language make one different? G. It’s also a good idea to study someone with a similar personality as you. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Just two months into my PhD, I was on the edge of quitting. I remember stepping off the overnight train into the city with a single ____21____: I was here to become a scientist. But I ____22____ felt out of place. On my first day, my supervisor asked me to set up a reaction I’d never done before. I ____23____ to know what to do, and watched a senior student until my shaky hands could ____24____ her movements. I often stayed in the lab until midnight, afraid of being ____25____. Most of all, I had the language barrier. I was ____26____ to classes taught in Chinese, but here everyone spoke English. After the presentation that left me ____27____, just as I was considering leaving science, a senior lab member ____28____ me aside, saying, “You’re here not because of your English but because you can think.” His words gave me the courage to ____29____. I started to record every class and meeting, replaying presentations late at night. My progress in English was ____30____ but steady. Later, I ran my own lab. When I saw a student ____31____ with an experiment, just like I once did, I told her what my lab partner once told me, “You aren’t here because your ____32____ always work. You’re here because you can think.” Her smile told me she was ____33____ by these words. Today, what I value most in my job is the ____34____ I see in the students who arrive uncertain, but who leave with enough ____35____. 21. A. theory B. instruction C. direction D. belief 22. A. eventually B. instantly C. unfortunately D. narrowly 23. A. happened B. attempted C. pretended D. learned 24. A. copy B. control C. replace D. modify 25. A. missed out B. driven away C. laughed at D. left behind 26. A. opposed B. used C. exposed D. addicted 27. A. confused B. scared C. discouraged D. excited 28. A. pulled B. set C. moved D. cast 29. A. explore B. leap C. innovate D. continue 30. A. solid B. slow C. obvious D. great 31. A. sticking B. dealing C. struggling D. meeting 32. A. experiments B. efforts C. approaches D. routines 33. A. touched B. astonished C. attracted D. inspired 34. A. responsibility B. transformation C. stability D. strength 35. A. patience B. motivation C. confidence D. support 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “Recasting the Past: The Art of Chinese Bronzes, 1100-1900” at the Shanghai Museum is featuring new stage design ____36____ selected exhibits from the museum’s collection, showcasing approximately 178 pieces or sets of artifacts, including dozens ____37____ have never been displayed to the public. The exhibition, ____38____ (joint) hosted by the Shanghai Museum and The Metropolitan Museum of Art, was first held at the latter. It featured artwork of 15 collections from Asia and Europe. Paintings, ceramics and works in other media provided context for the bronzes’ use and symbolic resonance in ____39____ modern age. The exhibition is of the largest scale of ____40____ (late) Chinese bronzes in recent years, both domestically and internationally, according to a research curator (馆长) in the bronze department of the Shanghai Museum and the curator of the Shanghai exhibition. Bronze ____41____ (use) as ritual vessels (礼器) hit its peak era during the three dynasties: Xia, Shang and Zhou. It gradually ____42____ (fade) from the center stage afterward, until the Song Dynasty, when copies of ancient ritual vessels began to appear. Bronzeware continued to enjoy great ____43____ (popular) throughout the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, undergoing a ____44____ (function) transformation as trends changed. Their placement gradually shifted from temples and palaces _____45_____ the studies of the literati (文人) and civilian households. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分 15 分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周你作为志愿者参与了本地“老手艺，新故事(Old Crafts, New Stories)”活动，协助手艺人展示技艺。请给你的英国朋友 Ella 写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： 1. 写邮件目的； 2. 志愿工作内容； 3. 你的感想。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为 80 个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Ella, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分 25 分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a sunny morning in late May, and the air was filled with a mix of nervousness and hope. Ethan Carter, a 17-year-old high school student, sat in the backseat of a ride-hailing car (网约车), holding his exam bag tightly. He was going to take an exam today. Next to him sat his classmate, Liam Bennett. They had been good friends since freshman year, often studying together and encouraging each other through tough times. The ride-hailing driver, Mr Henderson, a kind middle-aged man, drove steadily, keeping an eye on the time to ensure they arrived at the exam site on schedule. Ethan took a deep breath, reviewing key knowledge in his mind, while Liam looked out the window, a little anxious yet excited about the upcoming exam. Suddenly, without any warning, Liam let out a soft groan (呻吟) and fell forward in his seat. His eyes rolled back, and he stopped breathing. Ethan’s heart skipped a beat, and he immediately realized something was terribly wrong. “Liam! Liam, wake up!” he shouted, shaking his friend gently, but there was no response. Mr Henderson glanced at the rear-view mirror, and his face turned pale with panic. Ethan didn’t hesitate. He had learned first aid in his school’s health class, and all the training kicked in at that moment. He quickly moved Liam into a flat position, checked his pulse and breathing, and found that Liam had suffered a sudden cardiac arrest (心脏停搏). Without wasting a second, Ethan started performing CPR — pressing firmly on Liam’s chest and giving him rescue breaths, repeating the process over and over, his hands shaking but his movements steady. “Hold on, Liam. You’ll be okay!” Ethan whispered, his voice tight with worry but full of determination. Mr Henderson, realizing the urgency, turned on the emergency lights and honked his horn. He kept reassuring Ethan, “We’ll get to the hospital soon, kid. Keep going, you’re doing great.” Ten minutes later, they finally reached the hospital. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Medical staff took Liam from Ethan’s arms and rushed him to the emergency room. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ However, when he arrived at the exam center, the teacher gently shook her head. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $