Unit 6 Friendship（知识清单）英语新教材沪教版五四制八年级下册

Unit 6 Friendship 单词 1. 友谊 2. 小说 3. 魔法的；神奇的 4. 开朗的；乐观的 5. 易怒的；爱发脾气的 6. 关心他人的；体贴的 7. 怀疑的；不确定的 8. 坚定的；坚决的 9. 困惑的 10. 工具 11. 刀（单数） 12. 刀（复数） 13. 叉；餐叉 14. 密封小袋 15. 种子；籽 16. 死的；枯萎的 17. 欣喜若狂 18. 疼痛 19. 尤其；特别 短语 1. 真正的友谊 2. 保守秘密 3. 闲逛 4. 盯着看 5. 对某人刻薄 6. 好像；仿佛 7. 处理争吵 8. 提供安慰 9. 友谊的秘诀 10. 克服恐惧 句型 1.What _________ true friendship? 什么造就真正的友谊？ 2.A real friend is one who walks in _________ the rest of the world walks out. 真正的朋友是在全世界都离开你时走近你的人。 3.I understand _________ you feel. 我理解你的感受。 4._________ I couldn’t keep secrets, nothing would be safe. 如果我不能保守秘密，就没有什么是安全的。 5.He was _________ scared _________ he began to shout. 他太害怕了，以至于开始大喊。 6._________ _________ as you trust each other, you will be good friends forever. 只要你们彼此信任，就会永远是好朋友。 7.I wonder _________ your best friend is. 我想知道谁是你最好的朋友。 8.True friendship never _________. 真正的友谊永不落幕。 语法 宾语从句 一、知识点清单 1.A real friend is one who walks in when the rest of the world walks out. 【详解】who引导 从句，修饰 ；the rest of 剩余的…… 【句型结构】先行词+who+定语从句 【例句】A good friend is someone who always helps you. 【拓展】定语从句：who 只用来指代 2.If I couldn’t keep secrets, nothing would be safe on the moor. 【详解】 ，与事实相反； 保守秘密 【句型结构】If+ ，would+ 【例句】If I had time, I would help you. 【拓展】虚拟语气用来表达假设、愿望 3.I’m afraid that if my team wins, she won’t like me anymore. 【详解】 不再……；宾语从句+ 嵌套 【句型结构】I’m afraid that+ ；not…anymore = no more 【例句】He doesn’t come here anymore. 【拓展】anymore 只用在 4.Dickon cheered him up and made him stand up by himself. 【详解】 使某人振作； 让某人做某事 【句型结构】cheer sb. up；make sb.+动词原形 【例句】The song cheered me up. My dad made me finish homework. 【拓展】make sb. done 让某人被…… 5.I wonder what you often do with your best friend. 【详解】wonder+ 引导宾语从句，必须用 【句型结构】wonder+特殊疑问词+陈述语序 【例句】I wonder where he goes every day. 【拓展】宾语从句三要素： 二、语法点清单 1.宾语从句（用陈述语序改写） Where did they go? → I don’t know _______________. Who wrote the novel? → I wonder _______________. 2.动词变名词（写出名词形式） run → _________ dance → _________ cook → _________ play → _________ 3.安慰句型（补全） I’m here for you, _________ _________ what. 无论发生什么，我都在你身边。 You are not alone; I am always _________ your side. 你不是一个人，我永远陪着你。 三、写作清单 话题：My best friend / True friendship / A story about friendship （一）、写作要点 1.介绍你的朋友 2.描述一件友谊相关的小事 3.写出朋友的品质（kind/honest/helpful/caring） 4.表达对友谊的理解 （二）、常用句型 开头： My best friend is... / True friendship is very important. A good friend is like a sunshine in life. 中间： He/She always helps me when... We share... and support each other. Once,...（讲故事） He/She is so... that... 结尾： In short, true friendship is about trust and care. I believe good friends will stay together forever. （三）、范文示例 My best friend My best friend is Lucy. She is kind and helpful, and she always cares about me. Last term, I was sad because I failed my English test. She encouraged me not to give up and helped me with my English every day. With her help, I made great progress later. We share our joy and sadness, keep secrets and trust each other. In my opinion, true friendship is about helping, encouraging and understanding. I’m lucky to have such a good friend. （四）.实战演练 时光辗转，校园里的朝夕相伴沉淀成温暖的友谊。你校英文广播站特以“珍贵的友谊”为主题，面向全体同学征集暖心稿件。假设你是李华，请你以“My Precious Friendship”为题，用英语写一篇短文投稿，倾诉你对友谊的真挚理解与深切感悟。 写作提示： 1. Who is the friend that you want to talk about? 2. What touching thing did he/she do for you? 3. What have you learned from this friendship? 写作要求： 1. 文中须包含以上写作提示中的所有信息，可适当发挥； 2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3. 词数100左右（文中已给出内容不计入总词数）。 My Precious Friendship Everyone has friends, and a good friend is like a bright light in our life.________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Friendship 单词 friendship /ˈfrendʃɪp/n. 友谊 novel /ˈnɒvl/n. 小说 magical /ˈmædʒɪkl/adj. 魔法的；神奇的 cheerful /ˈtʃɪəfl/adj. 开朗的；乐观的 bad-tempered /ˌbæd ˈtempəd/adj. 易怒的；爱发脾气的 caring /ˈkeərɪŋ/adj. 关心他人的；体贴的 doubtful /ˈdaʊtfl/adj. 怀疑的；不确定的 firm /fɜːm/adj. 坚定的；坚决的 confused /kənˈfjuːzd/adj. 困惑的 tool /tuːl/n. 工具 knife /naɪf/n. (pl. knives) 刀 fork /fɔːk/n. 叉；餐叉 packet /ˈpækɪt/n. 密封小袋 seed /siːd/n. 种子；籽 dead /ded/adj. 死的；枯萎的 cheerleader /ˈtʃɪəliːdə(r)/n. 拉拉队队员；支持者 yourself /jɔːˈself/pron. (pl. yourselves) 你自己 hers /hɜːz/pron. 她的；属于她的 whenever /wenˈevə(r)/conj. 无论何时；每当 stare /steə(r)/v. 盯着看 hang /hæŋ/v. 悬挂；吊 dig /dɪɡ/v. 挖 (土)；掘 (地) neither /ˈnaɪðə(r)/pron. & det. 两者都不 ache /eɪk/v. 疼痛 n. (身体某部位的) 疼痛 joke /dʒəʊk/n. 玩笑；笑话 terribly /ˈterəbli/adv. 非常糟地；严重地 finish /ˈfɪnɪʃ/v. 完成；做好 especially /ɪˈspeʃəli/adv. 尤其；特别 短语 真正的友谊 保守秘密 闲逛 盯着看 欣喜若狂 对某人刻薄 好像；仿佛 处理争吵 提供安慰 电影片段 文学作品 友谊的秘诀 保持联系 个性与品质 克服恐惧 true friendship keep secrets hang out stare at over the moon be mean to sb as if deal with arguments offer comfort film clip literary works recipes for friendship keep in touch personality and qualities overcome fear 句型 1.What makes true friendship? 什么造就真正的友谊？ 2.A real friend is one who walks in when the rest of the world walks out. 真正的朋友是在全世界都离开你时走近你的人。 3.Good friends are like a four-leaf clover—hard to find and lucky to have. 好朋友就像四叶草，难得一遇，拥有即是幸运。 4.I’m sorry to hear that you have a problem with your friend. 听说你和朋友闹矛盾了，我很遗憾。 5.I understand how you feel. 我理解你的感受。 6.If I couldn’t keep secrets, nothing would be safe. 如果我不能保守秘密，就没有什么是安全的。 7.He was so scared that he began to shout.
他太害怕了，以至于开始大喊。 8.As long as you trust each other, you will be good friends forever. 只要你们彼此信任，就会永远是好朋友。 9.We should learn to comfort our friends when they are upset. 当朋友难过时，我们应该学会安慰他们。 10.Friendship helps us grow and become better. 友谊帮助我们成长，变得更好。 11.I wonder who your best friend is. 我想知道谁是你最好的朋友。 12.She asked me why I made friends with Mary. 她问我为什么和玛丽交朋友。 13.Don’t be afraid to show your care to your friends. 不要害怕向朋友表达你的关心。 14.True friendship never ends. 真正的友谊永不落幕。 15.Making a “recipe” for friendship. 制作一份 “友谊配方”。 语法 宾语从句 一、知识点清单 1.A real friend is one who walks in when the rest of the world walks out. 【详解】who 引导定语从句，修饰 one；the rest of 剩余的…… 【句型结构】先行词+who+定语从句 【例句】A good friend is someone who always helps you. 【拓展】定语从句：who 只用来指代人 2.If I couldn’t keep secrets, nothing would be safe on the moor. 【详解】虚拟语气，与事实相反；keep secrets 保守秘密 【句型结构】If+过去式，would+动词原形 【例句】If I had time, I would help you. 【拓展】虚拟语气用来表达假设、愿望 3.I’m afraid that if my team wins, she won’t like me anymore. 【详解】not…anymore 不再……；宾语从句+条件状语从句嵌套 【句型结构】I’m afraid that+从句；not…anymore = no more 【例句】He doesn’t come here anymore. 【拓展】anymore 只用在否定句末尾 4.Dickon cheered him up and made him stand up by himself. 【详解】cheer sb. up 使某人振作；make sb. do 让某人做某事 【句型结构】cheer sb. up；make sb.+动词原形 【例句】The song cheered me up. My dad made me finish homework. 【拓展】make sb. done 让某人被…… 5.I wonder what you often do with your best friend. 【详解】wonder+特殊疑问词引导宾语从句，必须用陈述语序 【句型结构】wonder+特殊疑问词+陈述语序 【例句】I wonder where he goes every day. 【拓展】宾语从句三要素：引导词、陈述语序、时态一致 二、语法点清单 1. 宾语从句（Ⅲ） 引导词：特殊疑问词（what/who/where/when/why/how） 语序：陈述语序（主语+谓语） 时态：主句过去时，从句通常用过去时 结构 例句 主句+特殊疑问词+主语+谓语 I don’t know where they went. 我不知道他们去了哪里。 主句+特殊疑问词 (作主语)+谓语 I wonder who wrote the novel. 我想知道谁写了这本小说。 2. 动词转化为名词（转化法） 规则：动词原形 → 名词（含义不变） 例词： run → run 跑步 dance → dance 舞蹈 play → play 玩耍 cook → cook 厨师 dress → dress 连衣裙 3. 安慰他人的句型 I’m here for you, no matter what. 无论发生什么，我都在你身边。 Remember that it’s okay to feel sad. 记住，难过是正常的。 You are not alone; I am always by your side. 你不是一个人，我永远陪着你。 Let’s find a way to make things better together. 我们一起想办法让事情变好。 三、写作清单 话题：My best friend / True friendship / A story about friendship （一）、写作要点 1.介绍你的朋友 2.描述一件友谊相关的小事 3.写出朋友的品质（kind/honest/helpful/caring） 4.表达对友谊的理解 （二）、常用句型 开头： My best friend is... / True friendship is very important. A good friend is like a sunshine in life. 中间： He/She always helps me when... We share... and support each other. Once,...（讲故事） He/She is so... that... 结尾： In short, true friendship is about trust and care. I believe good friends will stay together forever. （三）、范文示例 My best friend My best friend is Lucy. She is kind and helpful, and she always cares about me. Last term, I was sad because I failed my English test. She encouraged me not to give up and helped me with my English every day. With her help, I made great progress later. We share our joy and sadness, keep secrets and trust each other. In my opinion, true friendship is about helping, encouraging and understanding. I’m lucky to have such a good friend. （四）.实战演练 时光辗转，校园里的朝夕相伴沉淀成温暖的友谊。你校英文广播站特以“珍贵的友谊”为主题，面向全体同学征集暖心稿件。假设你是李华，请你以“My Precious Friendship”为题，用英语写一篇短文投稿，倾诉你对友谊的真挚理解与深切感悟。 写作提示： 1. Who is the friend that you want to talk about? 2. What touching thing did he/she do for you? 3. What have you learned from this friendship? 写作要求： 1. 文中须包含以上写作提示中的所有信息，可适当发挥； 2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3. 词数100左右（文中已给出内容不计入总词数）。 My Precious Friendship Everyone has friends, and a good friend is like a bright light in our life.________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 My Precious Friendship Everyone has friends, and a good friend is like a bright light in our life. My precious friend is Zhang Ming, my classmate. He is kind, honest, and always ready to help others. Last term, I failed my math exam and felt really upset. Zhang Ming noticed my sadness and came to me without saying a word. He sat beside me quietly, then helped me go over every mistake patiently. Thanks to his help and encouragement, I did much better in the next exam. From this friendship, I learned that a true friend is someone who stays with you when you are down. I will treasure our friendship forever. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记叙文（以叙事为主，融入感悟） 明确要点：介绍你要写的朋友是谁；描述他/她为你做的一件感人的事；谈谈你从这段友谊中学到了什么。 确定人称：第一人称（“我”李华） 注意事项：不要出现真实姓名和学校名称；词数控制在100词左右；情感真挚，语言简洁。 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：引出朋友是谁，点明友谊的意义。 主体段：具体讲述一件感人的事，突出细节和情感。 结尾段：总结从这段友谊中获得的感悟或成长。 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一： 朋友的特点：kind, honest, and always ready to help others 要点二： 感动的事：failed my math exam and felt really upset；noticed my sadness；sat beside me quietly；helped me go over every mistake patiently 最终结果：did much better in the next exam 要点三： 感悟：a true friend is someone who stays with you when you are down 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $