精品解析：北京市第十二中学2025-2026学年度第二学期期中练习高二英语

北京市第十二中学2025-2026学年度第二学期期中练习 高二英语 考生须知 1．答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、班级、姓名、教育ID号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的教育ID号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。 2．本次练习所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。 3．请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在练习卷、草稿纸上答题无效。 4．本练习卷满分共100分，作答时长90分钟。 第一部分 知识运用(共三节，35分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 “Hi, this is Sasha,” a young woman sang out as the customer service line was finally connected. “How can I help you today?” Her tone annoyed me. I was in no ____1____ for pleasantries (客套). My friends and I made a dinner reservation at a fancy restaurant. The skirt I’d ordered from this company would be ____2____ for it. This was the third time I’d ordered. And the third time I’d received the wrong item! Someone had to ____3____ this! “Is this how you treat a 20-year customer?” I demanded. “I’ve never seen such terrible ____4____. It’s a real shame, Sasha!” Finally, I drew a breath and waited. After a moment, she ____5____ , not in kind but in kindness. “I am so sorry, Ms. Messner. I will go to find the correct skirt myself. Can I put you on hold briefly?” Soon enough, I heard her same calm voice again, “I just consulted my manager. We’ll send the skirt to you at no ____6____ and refund your money in full. Also, you’ll find a $50 gift card with it. I want you to know that we ____7____ you as a customer.” “Thank you, Sasha.” I hung up, ____8____ and disappointed in myself. I felt uneasy about how I’d treated the young woman with the pleasant voice. In my years as a nurse, I’d taken calls from angry people. Their words had often ____9____ me. And yet here was Sasha, going out of her way to solve my problem. The next morning, I telephoned the call center and got through to the manager, asking her to let Sasha know I was sorry. Now when I feel myself getting impatient at work, I take a deep breath and say, as ____10____ as Sasha might, “What did you say your name was again?” 1. A. mood B. shape C. hurry D. position 2. A. basic B. perfect C. ordinary D. expensive 3. A. rely on B. agree with C. stick to D. answer for 4. A. advice B. service C. reply D. damage 5. A. claimed B. responded C. criticized D. whispered 6. A. loss B. risk C. point D. charge 7. A. value B. award C. tolerate D. remember 8. A. relaxed B. confused C. astonished D. embarrassed 9. A. fooled B. struck C. wounded D. frightened 10. A. smartly B. directly C. sweetly D. seriously 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因购物问题发脾气后，被客服的善意感动并反思自己行为的经过，表达了对宽容与理解的感悟。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没心情客套。A. mood情绪，心情；B. shape形状；C. hurry匆忙；D. position位置。根据前文“Her tone annoyed me.”可知，作者被客服的语气惹恼了，所以没有心情客套，in no mood for sth.是固定搭配，意为“没有心情做某事”。故选A。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在这家公司订的裙子很适合这次晚餐。A. basic基本的；B. perfect完美的，适合的；C. ordinary普通的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据前文“My friends and I made a dinner reservation at a fancy restaurant.”可知，作者订购的裙子是为了去高档餐厅穿的，所以应该是很适合的，故选B。 【3题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：必须有人为此负责！A. rely on依靠；B. agree with同意；C. stick to坚持；D. answer for对……负责。根据前文“And the third time I’d received the wrong item!”可知，作者三次收到错的商品，所以觉得应该有人对此负责，故选D。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从未见过如此糟糕的服务。A. advice建议；B. service服务；C. reply回复；D. damage损害。根据前文“And the third time I’d received the wrong item!”可知，作者因为收到错误的商品而生气，认为这是糟糕的服务，故选B。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，她回应了，不是以同样的语气，而是带着善意。A. claimed声称；B. responded回应；C. criticized批评；D. whispered低语。根据前文“Finally, I drew a breath and waited.”可知，作者等着客服回应，这里指客服对作者的抱怨做出回应，故选B。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们会免费把裙子寄给您，并全额退款。A. loss损失；B. risk风险；C. point要点；D. charge费用。根据后文“refund your money in full”可知，全额退款意味着免费，at no charge为固定短语，意为“免费”，故选D。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想让您知道，我们很重视您这位顾客。A. value重视；B. award授予；C. tolerate容忍；D. remember记得。根据前文“We’ll send the skirt to you at no ____ and refund your money in full. Also, you’ll find a $50 gift card with it.”可知，客服表示会采取一系列措施补偿作者，是为了让作者知道公司重视她这个顾客，故选A。 【8题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我挂断电话，既尴尬又对自己感到失望。A. relaxed放松的；B. confused困惑的；C. astonished惊讶的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据前文作者对客服发火，而客服态度很好，可知作者对自己之前对客服不礼貌的态度感到不好意思，所以是尴尬的，故选D。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的话经常伤害到我。A. fooled愚弄；B. struck打击；C. wounded伤害（感情等）；D. frightened使害怕。根据前文“In my years as a nurse, I’d taken calls from angry people.”可知，作者作为护士接到过愤怒的人的电话，他们的话会伤害到作者的感情，故选C。 【10题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我在工作中感到不耐烦时，我会深吸一口气，像萨沙一样温柔地说：“你刚才说你叫什么名字来着？”A. smartly聪明地；B. directly直接地；C. sweetly温柔地，甜美地；D. seriously严肃地。根据前文“but in kindness”及“I heard her same calm voice”可知，萨沙服务态度很好，说话温柔，所以这里作者像萨沙一样温柔地说话，故选C。 第二节(共15小题;每小题1分;共15分) 根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 11. Sue took some paper and a pen into Johnsy’s room and began a pen drawing, in an attempt ________ (raise) Johnsy’s spirits. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to raise 【解析】 【详解】句意：苏拿着纸和钢笔走进琼西的房间，开始画钢笔画，想要让琼西的心情好些。in an attempt to do sth. 意为“试图、想要做某事”，其中不定式to do作目的状语。 12. The janitor found him ________ (lie) in the bed helplessly with pain yesterday morning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】lying 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：昨天早上，看门人发现他无助地躺在床上，痛苦不堪。空处是非谓语动词，作宾语him的补足语，lie与him之间是主动关系，且此处表示动作正在进行，应用现在分词形式lying作宾补。故填lying。 13. The crash was so violent ________ I had no clear recollection of falling from the boat. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】​句意：撞击如此猛烈，以至于我对从船上摔下来没有清晰的记忆。此处考查“so…that…”的结构，引导的结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”。 14. “Help, help!” I shouted, swimming towards the boat in ________ (desperate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】desperation 【解析】 【详解】句意：“救命，救命！” 我大喊着，绝望地朝小船游去。 此处介词in后需接名词desperation作宾语，构成固定短语 in desperation，意为“绝望地”。 15. Some moments after, eight strong men, their faces covered, appeared noiselessly, and ________ (draw) us down into their incredible machine. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】drew 【解析】 【详解】句意：片刻之后，八个壮汉蒙面悄无声息地出现，把我们拉进了他们那台不可思议的机器。and连接并列谓语，前面的appeared是过去式，因此draw也要用过去式drew。 16. Cloning is the process of making an exact copy of a plant or animal and developing it either naturally or ________ (artificial). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】artificially 【解析】 【详解】句意：克隆是精确复制植物或动物并以自然或人工方式培育它的过程。此处与副词naturally并列修饰动词developing，需用副词作状语，artificial为形容词，其副词形式为artificially意为“人工地”。 17. After Dolly, scientists have cloned more than 20 mammal species, ________ (include) camels, cattle, deer, dogs, goats and mice. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】including 【解析】 【详解】句意：多利羊之后，科学家已经克隆出20多种哺乳动物，包括骆驼、牛、鹿、狗、山羊和老鼠。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定用法including + 列举对象，用介词including，表“包括”，后接列举的名词，符合语境。 18. For example, they wonder ________ clones should be treated as objects or as individuals with their own identity. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】if##whether 【解析】 【详解】句意：例如，他们想知道克隆体应该被当作物品对待，还是当作拥有自身身份的个体对待。此处为连词引导的宾语从句作wonder的宾语，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，但句意不完整，空处表示“是否”，应用if或whether引导宾语从句。 19. An epidemic is the name ________ (give) to an infectious disease that rapidly spreads to a large number of people within a short period of time — usually two weeks or less. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】given 【解析】 【详解】句意：流行病是被赋予的一个名称，用来指在短时间内——通常两周或更短——迅速传播给大量人群的传染性疾病。本句谓语动词是is，此处应用非谓语动词。the name与give之间是被动关系，应用过去分词given作后置定语，修饰the name。 20. Research shows the average person only ________ (have) regular communication with between seven and fifteen people. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has 【解析】 【详解】句意：研究表明普通人仅与七到十五人保持日常交流。此处宾语从句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语the average person为第三人称单数，谓语动词have需变为第三人称单数形式has。 21. Initially, many people believed that such epidemics no longer ________ (pose) a threat until very recently when SARS became a cause for concern. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】posed 【解析】 【详解】句意：起初，许多人认为这类流行病不再构成威胁，直到最近非典才开始引起人们的关注。本空为that引导的宾语从句的谓语，描述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，谓语用过去式posed。 22. Countries will need to work together to do this because teamwork among nations across the globe can save ________ (life). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】lives 【解析】 【详解】句意：各国需要共同努力做到这一点，因为全球各国之间的团队合作可以拯救生命。life表示“生命”时，为可数名词，此处应用其复数形式lives，表示不止一个生命。 23. However, perhaps we are ________ (close) to the rest of the world than we think. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】closer 【解析】 【详解】句意：然而，也许我们比自己想象的更接近世界其他地方。根据空后“than we think”可知，此处使用形容词比较级closer，表示“更接近”。 24. In the last few decades, the theory and the phrase ________ (appear) again. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have appeared 【解析】 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：在过去的几十年里，这个理论和短语再次出现。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据时间状语in the last few decades可知，此处应使用现在完成时态，appear与句子主语the theory and the phrase之间为主动关系，且句子主语为复数意义。故填have appeared。 25. Suddenly she seemed to grasp the full meaning of ________ had been said. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【解析】 【详解】句意：突然间，她似乎明白了所说的一切含义。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指所说的话，应用连接代词what作引导词。 第三节(共5小题;每小题1分，共5分) 根据提示，从方框中选择合适的单词，并使用这个单词的恰当形式补全句子。 grab sink adopt opposed ease 26. The school decided ________ new methods of teaching foreign languages. 27. Her heart ________ as the list ended without her name. 28. 200 people attended the meeting, as ________ to 300 the previous year. 29. The Beatles immediately ________ the attention of young people. 30. He was so nervous at first but her warm welcome soon put him at ________. 【答案】26. to adopt 27. sank 28. opposed 29. grabbed 30. ease 【解析】 【26题详解】 考查动词。 句意：学校决定采用新的外语教学方法。根据“new methods of teaching foreign languages”可知，此处指采用新方法，动词adopt“采用，采取”符合语境，decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，所以空处应用不定式形式作宾语。 【27题详解】 考查动词。 句意：当名单结束却没有她的名字时，她的心一沉。此空在主句中作谓语动词，根据“as the list ended without her name”可知，看到名单里没有她的名字时，她的心一沉，sink意为“下沉，低落”符合语境，此处陈述过去的事实，应用一般过去时，其过去式为sank。 【28题详解】 考查形容词。 句意：有200人参加了会议，而前一年有300人。根据前后的数字可知，此处是参加会议的人数和前一年的对比，as opposed to为固定短语，意为“与……相比；相对于……而言”，满足句意要求。 【29题详解】 考查动词。 句意：甲壳虫乐队立刻吸引了年轻人的注意力。此空作谓语动词，根据句意及“the attention of young people”可知，此处指吸引了年轻人的注意力，grab意为“抓取，吸引”，grab one’s attention意为“吸引某人的注意”，句子陈述过去的事实，所以应用一般过去时，其过去式为grabbed。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：起初他很紧张，但她热情的欢迎很快让他放松下来。根据“He was so nervous at first but her warm welcom”可知，她的热烈欢迎让她放松下来，名词ease“安逸；自在”符合句意，固定搭配put sb. at ease意为“使某人放松、不拘束”。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The Community Volunteers Program (CVP) connects Northeastern students with consistent volunteer opportunities at local nonprofit organizations in Boston. All current Northeastern students are qualified to apply for CVP. Through this program, Community Volunteers will have the opportunity to: Work directly with community-based organizations matching their passions and skills. Gain a deeper understanding of how organizations in Boston address social issues in the communities. Enhance their professional development through hands-on experience. Expand their personal and professional networks with nonprofit staff, students, and community residents. Attend monthly training events with an emphasis on reflection and education with fellow Community Volunteers. Receive participant recognition for dedication and impact. 2024-2025 CVP Community Partners Camp Harbor View Camp Harbor View offers a summer camp for students in grades 6-8, leadership development for students in grades 9-12, and comprehensive family services; including scholarships, clinical support, and resource coordination — all at no cost. It also builds targeted pilot programs, such as Guaranteed Income Program, to address the acute needs of families. Fenway Community Center It fosters connections among local residents through a welcoming space where all can participate in activities that enhance their lives. They embrace diversity, encourage creativity, and promote wellness, striving to build a community that values collaboration, equity, and sustainability. Link Health Link Health empowers residents by linking them to essential public benefit programs, ensuring access to healthcare, energy assistance, and nutrition support. Commitment Cycle: Spring: January – April (Applications open December 2024) CVP Withdrawal Deadline: February 9th First week of service: Jan 20 – 24th Last week of service: Apr 7 – 11th Summer: May – June (Applications open April 2025) Fall: September – December 31. Through CVP, Community Volunteers will ________. A. reflect on training events B. promote their social position C. receive rewards for dedication D. learn how social issues are addressed 32. What can we know about the CVP Community Partners? A. Camp Harbor View gives targeted help to some families. B. Link Health provides healthcare services to the volunteers. C. CVP Community Partners emphasize developing creativity. D. Fenway Community Center has built a sustainable community. 33. The service of spring commitment cycle starts in ________ A. December 2024 B. January 2025 C. February 2025 D. April 2025 【答案】31. D 32. A 33. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍东北大学社区志愿者项目（CVP）的适用人群、志愿者可获机会、合作伙伴及不同周期的服务安排。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Gain a deeper understanding of how organizations in Boston address social issues in the communities.(更深入地了解波士顿的组织如何解决社区中的社会问题)”可知，通过CVP，社区志愿者将了解社会问题是如何被解决的。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据2024-2025 CVP Community Partners中Camp Harbor View部分“It also builds targeted pilot programs, such as Guaranteed Income Program, to address the acute needs of families.(它还建立了有针对性的试点项目，如保障收入项目，以解决家庭的迫切需求)”可知，Camp Harbor View为一些家庭提供有针对性的帮助。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据Commitment Cycle中“Spring: January – April (Applications open December 2024) First week of service: Jan 20 – 24th(春季：1月-4月（申请于2024年12月开放） 服务第一周：1月20日-24日)”可知，申请在12月开放，正式的服务开始于2025年1月。 B Inspired by an event held by the Dallas-based Daddy Stroller Social Club (DSSC), a group for fathers, Brandon Shaw wrote an 83-page typed letter to his father. At the Blacklit bookstore, Kalvin Bridgewater led 15 dads, including his own father, who was seated next to Shaw, in an emotional event where the men dug into what they hated, loved, misunderstood and appreciated about their fathers as they grew up. Founded by Bridgewater in 2021, DSSC initially met with about 30 dads per event but skyrocketed in popularity after two online videos became hits in April 2024. It now attracts over 150 dads at events, where fathers bond over shared experiences and provide emotional backing for one another. DSSC’s appeal is broad, attracting dads from various professions, including doctors, engineers, and electricians. The group emphasizes emotional support, with members regularly checking in on one another. As Shaw shared, the group provides a space where men can be open, asking, “How are you feeling?” Shaw, who joined the group when he first became a father, said it has made him more patient and understanding. Bridgewater, who became a certified doula (产妇陪护师) to better support his wife through pregnancy, also ensures DSSC allows partners some time for themselves. At a May event, scheduled just before Mother’s Day, mothers had the day off while fathers spent time bonding with their children. Brandon Shaw described the experience as transformative, saying it helped him connect with his own weaknesses, something he had previously kept hidden. He sent the letter he wrote to his father for Father’s Day. It arrives soon. He said he doesn’t expect a response and just hopes his father reads it. As Bridgewater puts it, fatherhood is just about “being honest and sharing”. 34. What can be inferred about DSSC from the first two paragraphs? A. It creates a group of father influencers. B. It repairs broken father-son relationships. C. It promotes fathers’ emotional well-being. D. It highlights fathers’ vital role in childcare. 35. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The severity of parental issues. B. The necessity to identify weaknesses. C. Bridgewater’s devotion to fatherhood. D. Influence of the organization on its member. 36. Which of the following can be used to best describe DSSC? A. celebrity-led and trend-setting B. Profit-oriented and service-providing C. Group-exclusive and profession-focused D. Community-driven and emotionally supportive 【答案】34. C 35. D 36. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由Kalvin Bridgewater创立的达拉斯“爸爸推车社交俱乐部”（DSSC），该俱乐部为父亲们提供了一个交流情感、分享经验的空间，强调情感支持，对成员产生了积极影响。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“At the Blacklit bookstore, Kalvin Bridgewater led 15 dads, including his own father, who was seated next to Shaw, in an emotional event where the men dug into what they hated, loved, misunderstood and appreciated about their fathers as they grew up. (在Blacklit书店，Kalvin Bridgewater带领15位父亲，包括坐在Shaw旁边的自己的父亲，参加了一场情感活动，在活动中，这些男性深入探讨了他们在成长过程中对父亲的恨、爱、误解和感激之情。) ” 以及第二段中“It now attracts over 150 dads at events, where fathers bond over shared experiences and provide emotional backing for one another. (现在，该俱乐部的活动吸引了150多位父亲，在活动中，父亲们通过共同的经历建立联系，并为彼此提供情感支持。) ”可知，DSSC通过组织活动让父亲们交流情感，为彼此提供情感支持，从而促进父亲们的情感健康。故选C项。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Brandon Shaw described the experience as transformative, saying it helped him connect with his own weaknesses, something he had previously kept hidden. He sent the letter he wrote to his father for Father’s Day. It arrives soon. He said he doesn’t expect a response and just hopes his father reads it. As Bridgewater puts it, fatherhood is just about ‘being honest and sharing’. (Brandon Shaw将这次经历描述为变革性的，他说这帮助他认识到自己的弱点，这些弱点他以前一直隐藏着。他寄出了他为父亲节写给父亲的信。信很快就到了。他说他不期望得到回复，只希望他的父亲能读到这封信。正如Bridgewater所说，父亲的角色就是“诚实和分享”。) ”可知，本段主要讲述了DSSC对成员Brandon Shaw产生的积极影响，让他能够正视自己的弱点，并尝试与父亲进行情感交流。故选D项。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Founded by Bridgewater in 2021, DSSC initially met with about 30 dads per event but skyrocketed in popularity after two online videos became hits in April 2024. It now attracts over 150 dads at events, where fathers bond over shared experiences and provide emotional backing for one another. (DSSC由Bridgewater于2021年创立，最初每场活动约有30位父亲参加，但在2024年4月两个在线视频走红后，人气飙升。现在，该俱乐部的活动吸引了150多位父亲，在活动中，父亲们通过共同的经历建立联系，并为彼此提供情感支持。) ”以及第三段中“DSSC’s appeal is broad, attracting dads from various professions, including doctors, engineers, and electricians. The group emphasizes emotional support, with members regularly checking in on one another. (DSSC的吸引力很广泛，吸引了来自各行各业的父亲，包括医生、工程师和电工。该团体强调情感支持，成员们定期互相联系。) ”可知，DSSC是一个由社区驱动、强调情感支持的组织。故选D项。 C Senses That Work Together When we think about how our senses work, we usually imagine them operating separately: you sniff a flower, and the smell is delivered uninterrupted from nose to brain. However, it’ s more complex than that. Most evidence for cross-modal perception (知觉) comes from studies into sound and vision (视觉). But research that shows other senses crossing over is coming out all the time, and it seems that even sound and smell sometimes form an unlikely pairing. When New York researchers, Daniel Wesson and Donald Wilson, tried to find out the truth about a “ mysterious” area of the brain called the olfactory tubercle, they had to deal with this fact. Originally, they only intended to measure how olfactory tubercle cells in mice responded to smell. But during testing, Wesson noticed that every time he put his coffee cup down, the mouse cells jumped in activity. In fact, the olfactory tubercle is well-placed to receive both smell and sound information from the outside world. Later they found that among separate cells, most responded to a smell but a significant number were also active when a sound was made. Some cells even behaved differently when smell and sound were presented together, by increasing or decreasing their activity. Of course, mice aren’t people, so research team has been carrying out further experiments. They pulled together a group of people and gave them various drinks to smell. Participants were asked to sniff the drinks, and then match them to appropriate musical instruments and produce the notes at different levels. The results were interesting: piano was regularly paired with fruity fragrances; strong smells sounded like the instruments that are made of metal. Further research found that listening to different sounds can change your perceptions. Studying taste this time, the team ordered some special toffee (太妃糖) and put together “ soundscapes” corresponding to bitterness and sweetness. Participants tasted similar pieces of toffee while listening to each soundscape, and found the toffee more bitter or sweeter, depending on which soundtrack they were listening to. Studies like this are helping scientists correctly describe our understanding of the senses, and how the brain combines them with its advantage. The consequences are worth considering. Could we see musicians work together with chefs to produce sound-improved food and drink? Will you be ordering a coffee with a soundtrack to bring out your favorite smell? Come to think of it, that could be one thing you hope coffee shop chains don’t get round to. 37. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. A lot of research focuses on the senses. B. Sound and vision are relatively easy to study. C. There can be a link between sound and smell. D. Evidence about the way senses work is hard to obtain. 38. In Wesson and Wilson’ s research, ______. A. the mice were affected more significantly by sound B. the result confirmed what the researchers had suspected C. the mice seemed to be afraid of certain sounds or smells D. the connection between sound and smell was found by chance 39. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A. Participants took an active part in the experiments. B. The purpose of the further experiments was totally different. C. The result failed to support what was found in previous experiments. D. Experiments showed that links between sound and smell were consistent. 40. How does the author feel about the effect of the research? A. She is excited about the creative chances. B. She is surprised at the recent developments. C. She is convinced that the findings will be used soon. D. She is worried about how the knowledge can be applied. 【答案】37. C 38. D 39. D 40. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了不同感官（如声音和气味）之间存在协同作用及研究发现。 【37题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“But research that shows other senses crossing over is coming out all the time, and it seems that even sound and smell sometimes form an unlikely pairing.(但是，表明其他感官crossing over的研究一直在出现，而且似乎即使是声音和气味有时也会形成不太可能的配对)”可知，划线词的意思是“声音和气味之间可能有联系。” 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Originally, they only intended to measure how olfactory tubercle cells in mice responded to smell. But during testing, Wesson noticed that every time he put his coffee cup down, the mouse cells jumped in activity.(最初，他们只想测量老鼠嗅球细胞对气味的反应。但在测试过程中，韦森注意到，每次他把咖啡杯放下时，老鼠的细胞活动都会加剧)”可知，声音和气味之间的联系是偶然发现的。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Later they found that among separate cells, most responded to a smell but a significant number were also active when a sound was made. Some cells even behaved differently when smell and sound were presented together, by increasing or decreasing their activity.(后来他们发现，在单独的细胞中，大多数对气味有反应，但当发出声音时，也有相当数量的细胞活跃。一些细胞甚至在气味和声音同时出现时表现出不同的行为，通过增加或减少它们的活动)”可知，第三段的主旨大意为：实验表明声音和气味之间的联系是一致的。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Studies like this are helping scientists correctly describe our understanding of the senses, and how the brain combines them with its advantage. The consequences are worth considering. Could we see musicians work together with chefs to produce sound-improved food and drink?(这样的研究正在帮助科学家正确地描述我们对感官的理解，以及大脑如何利用其优势将它们结合起来。其后果值得考虑。我们能看到音乐家和厨师合作制作出声音改善的食品饮料吗？)”可知，作者对研究的创造性应用感到兴奋。 D Technology is never a neutral tool for achieving human ends. Technological innovations reshape people as they use these innovations to control their environment. Artificial intelligence, for example, is altering humanity. While the term AI conjures up anxieties about killer robots or catastrophic levels of unemployment, there are other, deeper implications. As AI increasingly shapes the human experience, how does this change what it means to be human? Central to the problem is a person’s capacity to make choices, particularly judgments that have moral implications. Aristotle argued that the capacity for making practical judgments depends on regularly making them — on habit and practice. We see the emergence of machines as substitute judges in a variety of everyday contexts as a potential threat to people learning how to effectively exercise judgment themselves. In the workplace, managers routinely make decisions about who to hire or fire and which loan to approve, to name a few. These are areas where algorithmic prescription is replacing human judgment, and so people who might have had the chance to develop practical judgment in these areas no longer will. Recommendation engines, which are increasingly prevalent intermediaries (中间人) in people’s consumption of culture, may serve to constrain choice and minimize luck. By presenting consumers with algorithmically selected choices of what to watch, read, stream and visit next, companies are replacing human taste with machine taste. In one sense, this is helpful. After all, machines can survey a wider range of choices than any individual is likely to have the time or energy to do on their own. At the same time, though, this selection is optimizing for what people are likely to prefer based on what they’ve preferred in the past. We think there is some risk that people’s options will be constrained by their past in a new and unanticipated way. As machine learning algorithms improve and as they train on more extensive data sets, larger parts of everyday life are likely to become utterly predictable. The predictions are going to get better and better, and they will ultimately make common experiences more efficient and pleasant. Algorithms could soon — if they don’t already — have a better idea about which show you’d like to watch next and which job candidate you should hire than you do. One day, humans may even find a way for machines to make these decisions without some of the biases that humans typically display. But to the extent that unpredictability is part of how people understand themselves and part of what people like about themselves, humanity is in the process of losing something significant. As they become more and more predictable, the creatures inhabiting the increasingly AI-mediated world will become less and less like us. 41. What do we learn about the deeper implications of AI? A. It mainly causes catastrophic levels of unemployment. B. It increases people’s access to information and entertainment. C. It enables people to use innovations to control the environment. D. It changes how humans make choices and understand themselves. 42. What may result from increasing application of recommendation engines? A. Consumers will have much limited choice. B. Consumers will actually enjoy better luck. C. It will be easier to decide on what to enjoy. D. Humans will develop tastes similar to machines. 43. What is the author’s attitude toward the growing predictability brought by AI? A. Neutral. B. Cautious. C. Supportive. D. Skeptical. 44. Which could be the best title for the passage? A. Technology Shapes Humanity. B. The Age of Algorithmic Living. C. Smarter Machines, Better Decisions. D. When Prediction Replaces Judgment. 【答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要探讨了人工智能对人类选择和自我的影响。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“As AI increasingly shapes the human experience, how does this change what it means to be human? Central to the problem is a person’s capacity to make choices, particularly judgments that have moral implications. (随着人工智能越来越多地塑造人类体验，这如何改变作为人类的意义？这个问题的核心是一个人做出选择的能力，尤其是具有道德意义的判断。)”以及最后一段“But to the extent that unpredictability is part of how people understand themselves and part of what people like about themselves, humanity is in the process of losing something significant. As they become more and more predictable, the creatures inhabiting the increasingly AI-mediated world will become less and less like us. (但在某种程度上，不可预知性是人类自我认知的一部分，也是人们自我认同的特质之一，而人类正渐渐失去这份宝贵的东西。当人类的行为变得越来越可被预测，生活在人工智能日益介入的世界里的人们，也将渐渐失去原本的人性特质。)”可知，人工智能的深层影响在于改变人类做选择和自我认知的方式。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Recommendation engines, which are increasingly prevalent intermediaries (中间人) in people’s consumption of culture, may serve to constrain choice and minimize luck. By presenting consumers with algorithmically selected choices of what to watch, read, stream and visit next, companies are replacing human taste with machine taste. (推荐引擎作为人们文化消费领域愈发常见的中介工具，可能会限制选择空间、弱化偶然机遇的作用。企业通过算法为用户筛选接下来要看、要读、要浏览和要到访的内容，正用机器审美取代人类自身的审美。)”以及“We think there is some risk that people’s options will be constrained by their past in a new and unanticipated way. (我们认为存在这样一种风险：人们的选择会以一种全新且难以预料的方式，被自己的过往经历所束缚。)”可知，推荐引擎的广泛应用会导致消费者的选择受到很大限制。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But to the extent that unpredictability is part of how people understand themselves and part of what people like about themselves, humanity is in the process of losing something significant. As they become more and more predictable, the creatures inhabiting the increasingly AI-mediated world will become less and less like us. (但在某种程度上，不可预知性是人类自我认知的一部分，也是人们自我认同的特质之一，而人类正渐渐失去这份宝贵的东西。当人类的行为变得越来越可被预测，生活在人工智能日益介入的世界里的人们，也将渐渐失去原本的人性特质。)”可知，作者对于人工智能带来的日益增长的可预测性持谨慎态度。 【44题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“Technology is never a neutral tool for achieving human ends. Technological innovations reshape people as they use these innovations to control their environment. Artificial intelligence, for example, is altering humanity. (技术从来都不是人类实现自身目的的中立工具。人们利用技术革新去改造周遭环境的同时，这些革新也在重塑人类自身。例如，人工智能正在改变人性本身。)”及最后一段“As they become more and more predictable, the creatures inhabiting the increasingly AI-mediated world will become less and less like us. (当人类的行为变得越来越可被预测，生活在人工智能日益介入的世界里的人们，也将渐渐失去原本的人性特质。)”可知，文章围绕算法预测逐渐取代人类自主判断、带来利弊与人性隐忧展开，核心是预测替代判断带来的影响。选项D“当预测取代判断时”能够概括文章主旨，是文章的最佳标题。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Digital Medicine Could the next suggestion from your doctor be downloading an app? Collectively known as digital medicine, a large number of apps in use or under development can now detect or monitor mental and physical disorders or directly administer therapies. ___45___ Many detection aids rely on mobile devices to record such features as users’ voices, locations, facial expressions, exercise and sleep; then they apply artificial intelligence to mark the possible change of a condition. Some smart watches, for instance, contain a sensor that automatically detects and warns people of a dangerous heart rate. ___46___ These wearable detection aids will not replace a doctor any time soon but can be helpful partners in stressing concerns that need follow-up. ___47___ Some are being developed to detect things such as cancerous DNA, stomach bleeds, body temperature and oxygen levels. The sensors inside your body can then send the data to apps for recording. ___48___ For the most part, those intended to diagnose or treat disorders must be proved safe and effective in clinical trials and earn regulatory approval; some may need a doctor’s permission. Clearly, society must move into the future of digital medicine with care — ensuring that the apps go through strict testing, protect privacy and go smoothly into doctors’ work. With such protections in place, healthcare costs could be saved by marking unhealthy behaviours and helping people to make changes before diseases set in. ___49___ For researchers, the patterns that emerge will provide them with novel ideas for how best to build healthier habits and prevent diseases. A. For doctors, applying AI to the data from these apps could help them personalize patient care. B. These data also help doctors detect diseases and help patients change their behaviors. C. Other similar tools can detect breathing disorders, depression and other conditions. D. They can both help diagnose symptoms and enhance traditional medical care. E. Detection aids can also take the form of eatable and sensor-bearing pills. F. Digital medicine has been widely used in all aspects of life nowadays. G. Not all healthcare apps can be used as digital medicine. 【答案】45. D 46. C 47. E 48. G 49. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了数字医疗的概念、具体的检测辅助设备的功能、发展中面临的限制以及未来可能带来的好处。 【45题详解】 前文“Collectively known as digital medicine, a large number of apps in use or under development can now detect or monitor mental and physical disorders or directly administer therapies. (现在，大量正在使用或正在开发的应用程序被统称为数字医疗，它们可以检测或监测心理和身体疾病，或直接实施治疗)”介绍数字医疗具备的功能，D项“They can both help diagnose symptoms and enhance traditional medical care. (它们既可以帮助诊断症状，又可以加强传统的医疗保健)”符合语境，继续介绍数字医疗的功能，承接前文，其中的They指代前文的a large number of apps。故选D。 【46题详解】 前文“Some smart watches, for instance, contain a sensor that automatically detects and warns people of a dangerous heart rate. (例如，一些智能手表包含一个传感器，可以自动检测并警告人们危险的心率)”列举智能手表中的检测辅助功能，后文“These wearable detection aids will not replace a doctor any time soon but can be helpful partners in stressing concerns that need follow-up. (这些可穿戴检测辅助设备不会在短期内取代医生，但可以成为强调需要随访的问题的有益伙伴)”对可穿戴检测辅助设备的作用进行评估，C项“Other similar tools can detect breathing disorders, depression and other conditions. (其他类似的工具可以检测呼吸障碍、抑郁症和其他疾病)”符合语境，说明其他的检测辅助功能，承接前文，引出后文的评估，后文的These wearable detection aids涵盖前文的Some smart watches和选项中的Other similar tools。故选C。 【47题详解】 前文“These wearable detection aids will not replace a doctor any time soon but can be helpful partners in stressing concerns that need follow-up. (这些可穿戴检测辅助设备不会在短期内取代医生，但可以成为强调需要随访的问题的有益伙伴)”对可穿戴检测辅助设备的作用进行评估，后文“Some are being developed to detect things such as cancerous DNA, stomach bleeds, body temperature and oxygen levels. The sensors inside your body can then send the data to apps for recording. (其中一些正在被开发用于检测癌症DNA、胃出血、体温和氧气水平等。然后，你体内的传感器可以将数据发送到应用程序进行记录。)”介绍新的介入体内的检测辅助设备，E项“Detection aids can also take the form of eatable and sensor-bearing pills. (检测辅助设备还可以采用可食用和带有传感器的药丸的形式)”符合语境，说明检测辅助设备的新形式，从前文的可穿戴的形式过渡到后文的介入体内的新形式，其中的eatable and sensor-bearing和后文的The sensors inside your body呼应。故选E。 【48题详解】 空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。后文“For the most part, those intended to diagnose or treat disorders must be proved safe and effective in clinical trials and earn regulatory approval; some may need a doctor’s permission. (在大多数情况下，那些用于诊断或治疗疾病的药物必须在临床试验中被证明是安全有效的，并获得监管部门的批准；有些可能需要医生的许可)”指出数字医疗发展中的严格限制和流程，G项“Not all healthcare apps can be used as digital medicine. (并非所有的医疗保健应用程序都可以用作数字医疗)”符合语境，说明数字医疗有其限制，可引出后文。故选G。 【49题详解】 前文“With such protections in place, healthcare costs could be saved by marking unhealthy behaviours and helping people to make changes before diseases set in. (有了这些保护措施，就可以通过标记不健康行为并帮助人们在疾病发生之前做出改变来节省医疗费用)”说明使用数字医疗对于普通人的好处，后文“For researchers, the patterns that emerge will provide them with novel ideas for how best to build healthier habits and prevent diseases. (对于研究人员来说，出现的模式将为他们提供如何最好地建立更健康的习惯和预防疾病的新想法)”说明使用数字医疗对于研究者的好处，A项“For doctors, applying AI to the data from these apps could help them personalize patient care. (对于医生来说，将人工智能应用于这些应用程序的数据可以帮助他们个性化患者护理)”符合语境，说明使用数字医疗对于医生的好处，和前后文内容呼应。故选A。 第三部分 书面表达(共2节，27分) 第一节(共2小题;第50小题3分，第51小题4分，共7分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 It is no secret that literary works, like many other pieces of art, are capable of making an emotional impact on their audience. One can say it is the ability to influence the reader’s mood that makes a story good and memorable. A writer can show the optimistic nature of a fictional character in a variety of ways. Creating a contrast between the main character’s personality and external reality is among the most emotionally efficient means. Therefore, there is usually a juxtaposition between the imagined world of a book and the readers’ world around them. At times when the world is “all over the place” and causes severe stress for people, having the chance to immerse (使沉浸) oneself into the fictional world and spend some time with the characters of the story can be a relief. For example, during the peaks of the pandemic when the news media was reporting high numbers of infected patients as well as spiking ICU rates, more and more people wanted to shelter themselves from the reality and take a break from it. While escaping the world around us is not realistic for a long time, having an opportunity to escape just for some time is a luxury that literature can offer. There are a large number of books that offer the safe escape into a fictional world and teach their readers that there are no unsolvable problems. The adventures through which the reader goes together with book characters often provide teachable lessons and underline the importance of remaining optimistic. As mentioned by Montgomery in Anne of Green Gables, “Tomorrow is always fresh, with no mistakes in it yet.” It illustrates that the characters of the book have made some mistakes and have harvested the consequences of them, but the next day is a new page with new opportunities. 50. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The adventures in literature help readers find solutions to problems and realize the importance of optimism. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 51. Apart from optimism, what other benefit(s) have you got from literature? Why? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】50. The adventures in literature help readers find solutions to problems and realize the importance of optimism. Because books can teach readers that there are no unresolvable problems, instead of helping readers find specific solutions to problems. 51. Apart from optimism, literature has provided me with the benefit of empathy. Reading allows me to explore different perspectives, understand diverse characters, and develop a deeper understanding of human emotions and experiences, which ultimately helps me become more empathetic towards others. 【解析】 【导语】文章论述了文学作品能通过营造虚拟世界帮人们暂时逃离现实压力、抚慰情绪，并教会读者保持乐观的重要意义。 【50题详解】 考查细节理解。根据最后一段“There are a large number of books that offer the safe escape into a fictional world and teach their readers that there are no unsolvable problems. The adventures through which the reader goes together with book characters often provide teachable lessons and underline the importance of remaining optimistic. (有许许多多书籍能为读者提供一个可以安心栖身的虚构世界，并让读者明白：世上并没有永远无法解决的难题。读者跟随书中人物一同经历种种际遇，往往能从中获得启示，也更懂得保持乐观的重要性。)”可知，错误的部分为“help readers find solutions to problems”，书中的冒险让读者知道没有解决不了的问题，而不是帮助读者找到问题的解决办法。 【51题详解】 考查开放性试题。此题要求回答除了乐观，你从文学中还获得了哪些其他益处？为什么？（约40字）答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：除了乐观，文学还赋予了我同理心。阅读让我能够探索不同的视角，理解形形色色的人物，并对人类的情感和经历有更深入的理解，这最终帮助我对他人更加富有同情心。 第二节(写作20分) 52. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim对克隆技术很感兴趣，他来信说看到“克隆猴中中与华华”的新闻后，既兴奋又有些担忧。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1．简要介绍克隆技术； 2．对克隆技术利弊的看法； 注意：词数100左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m thrilled to hear from you! It’s great that you’ve noticed the news about ZhongZhong and HuaHua. As the first-ever primates to be cloned, they have indeed sparked heated discussions. Actually, cloning is the process of making an exact copy of a living thing. By breaking this technical barrier, scientists can produce animal models that are helpful for medical research and human health. This breakthrough may even offer clues on how to cure various diseases. However, cloning also raises moral concerns. Some people worry that the technology might be abused for unethical purposes. In my opinion, whether science is a blessing or a curse depends on mankind. If handled with caution, cloning will surely bring more benefits to our world. Best regards, Li Hua Dear Jim, I’m thrilled to receive your letter! It’s great that you’ve noticed the news about ZhongZhong and HuaHua. As the first-ever primates to be cloned, they have indeed sparked heated discussions worldwide. To put it simply, cloning is the process of making an exact copy of a living thing. By using cells from a “parent”, scientists can produce a new life with identical genes. Although this breakthrough was “much harder” to achieve than with other species, it represents a huge technical barrier that has finally been broken. In my view, cloning is a double-edged sword. On the positive side, it is helpful for medical research and human health. It has the potential to help scientists produce more accurate results and lead to more effective treatments for various diseases. However, we cannot ignore the moral concerns it raises. Many people worry that the technology might be abused for unethical purposes or challenge our identity. As Einstein said, science is a powerful instrument, and whether it is a blessing or a curse depends on mankind. If we use it wisely with strict rules, cloning will surely benefit us all. Best regards, Li Hua Dear Jim, I’m thrilled to receive your letter! It’s great that you’ve noticed the news about ZhongZhong and HuaHua. As the first primates created through cloning technology, they have indeed sparked heated discussions worldwide. To put it simply, cloning is a scientific method used to create a living thing that is exactly the same as another one. By using cells from a “parent”, scientists can produce a new life with the same genes. This breakthrough shows how far human science has advanced. In my view, cloning is a double-edged sword. On the positive side, it holds great potential for medical research, such as helping develop new treatments for serious diseases. However, we cannot ignore the ethical concerns it raises. Many people worry that if the technology is misused, it may challenge our moral values and disturb the natural balance. Personally, I believe we should embrace this progress with caution. Only when we set strict rules can we ensure that cloning serves the best interests of humanity. Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给英国笔友 Jim 写回信，先简要介绍克隆技术，再阐述克隆技术的利弊并发表个人观点。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 兴奋的：thrilled→excited 讨论：discussion→disputation 各种各样地：various→a variety of 滥用：abuse→misuse 2. 句式拓展 同义句替换 原句：If handled with caution, cloning will surely bring more benefits to our world. 拓展句：As long as it is used properly, cloning will surely bring more benefits to our world. 【点睛】【高分句型1】By breaking this technical barrier, scientists can produce animal models that are helpful for medical research and human health. (运用动名词作宾语和that引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】In my opinion, whether science is a blessing or a curse depends on mankind. (运用whether引导主语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市第十二中学2025-2026学年度第二学期期中练习 高二英语 考生须知 1．答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、班级、姓名、教育ID号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的教育ID号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。 2．本次练习所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。 3．请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在练习卷、草稿纸上答题无效。 4．本练习卷满分共100分，作答时长90分钟。 第一部分 知识运用(共三节，35分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 “Hi, this is Sasha,” a young woman sang out as the customer service line was finally connected. “How can I help you today?” Her tone annoyed me. I was in no ____1____ for pleasantries (客套). My friends and I made a dinner reservation at a fancy restaurant. The skirt I’d ordered from this company would be ____2____ for it. This was the third time I’d ordered. And the third time I’d received the wrong item! Someone had to ____3____ this! “Is this how you treat a 20-year customer?” I demanded. “I’ve never seen such terrible ____4____. It’s a real shame, Sasha!” Finally, I drew a breath and waited. After a moment, she ____5____ , not in kind but in kindness. “I am so sorry, Ms. Messner. I will go to find the correct skirt myself. Can I put you on hold briefly?” Soon enough, I heard her same calm voice again, “I just consulted my manager. We’ll send the skirt to you at no ____6____ and refund your money in full. Also, you’ll find a $50 gift card with it. I want you to know that we ____7____ you as a customer.” “Thank you, Sasha.” I hung up, ____8____ and disappointed in myself. I felt uneasy about how I’d treated the young woman with the pleasant voice. In my years as a nurse, I’d taken calls from angry people. Their words had often ____9____ me. And yet here was Sasha, going out of her way to solve my problem. The next morning, I telephoned the call center and got through to the manager, asking her to let Sasha know I was sorry. Now when I feel myself getting impatient at work, I take a deep breath and say, as ____10____ as Sasha might, “What did you say your name was again?” 1. A. mood B. shape C. hurry D. position 2. A. basic B. perfect C. ordinary D. expensive 3. A. rely on B. agree with C. stick to D. answer for 4. A. advice B. service C. reply D. damage 5. A. claimed B. responded C. criticized D. whispered 6. A. loss B. risk C. point D. charge 7. A. value B. award C. tolerate D. remember 8. A. relaxed B. confused C. astonished D. embarrassed 9. A. fooled B. struck C. wounded D. frightened 10. A. smartly B. directly C. sweetly D. seriously 第二节(共15小题;每小题1分;共15分) 根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 11. Sue took some paper and a pen into Johnsy’s room and began a pen drawing, in an attempt ________ (raise) Johnsy’s spirits. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12. The janitor found him ________ (lie) in the bed helplessly with pain yesterday morning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13. The crash was so violent ________ I had no clear recollection of falling from the boat. (用适当的词填空) 14. “Help, help!” I shouted, swimming towards the boat in ________ (desperate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 15. Some moments after, eight strong men, their faces covered, appeared noiselessly, and ________ (draw) us down into their incredible machine. (所给词的适当形式填空) 16. Cloning is the process of making an exact copy of a plant or animal and developing it either naturally or ________ (artificial). (所给词的适当形式填空) 17. After Dolly, scientists have cloned more than 20 mammal species, ________ (include) camels, cattle, deer, dogs, goats and mice. (所给词的适当形式填空) 18. For example, they wonder ________ clones should be treated as objects or as individuals with their own identity. (用适当的词填空) 19. An epidemic is the name ________ (give) to an infectious disease that rapidly spreads to a large number of people within a short period of time — usually two weeks or less. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20. Research shows the average person only ________ (have) regular communication with between seven and fifteen people. (所给词的适当形式填空) 21. Initially, many people believed that such epidemics no longer ________ (pose) a threat until very recently when SARS became a cause for concern. (所给词的适当形式填空) 22. Countries will need to work together to do this because teamwork among nations across the globe can save ________ (life). (所给词的适当形式填空) 23. However, perhaps we are ________ (close) to the rest of the world than we think. (所给词的适当形式填空) 24. In the last few decades, the theory and the phrase ________ (appear) again. (所给词的适当形式填空) 25. Suddenly she seemed to grasp the full meaning of ________ had been said. (用适当的词填空) 第三节(共5小题;每小题1分，共5分) 根据提示，从方框中选择合适的单词，并使用这个单词的恰当形式补全句子。 grab sink adopt opposed ease 26. The school decided ________ new methods of teaching foreign languages. 27. Her heart ________ as the list ended without her name. 28. 200 people attended the meeting, as ________ to 300 the previous year. 29. The Beatles immediately ________ the attention of young people. 30. He was so nervous at first but her warm welcome soon put him at ________. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The Community Volunteers Program (CVP) connects Northeastern students with consistent volunteer opportunities at local nonprofit organizations in Boston. All current Northeastern students are qualified to apply for CVP. Through this program, Community Volunteers will have the opportunity to: Work directly with community-based organizations matching their passions and skills. Gain a deeper understanding of how organizations in Boston address social issues in the communities. Enhance their professional development through hands-on experience. Expand their personal and professional networks with nonprofit staff, students, and community residents. Attend monthly training events with an emphasis on reflection and education with fellow Community Volunteers. Receive participant recognition for dedication and impact. 2024-2025 CVP Community Partners Camp Harbor View Camp Harbor View offers a summer camp for students in grades 6-8, leadership development for students in grades 9-12, and comprehensive family services; including scholarships, clinical support, and resource coordination — all at no cost. It also builds targeted pilot programs, such as Guaranteed Income Program, to address the acute needs of families. Fenway Community Center It fosters connections among local residents through a welcoming space where all can participate in activities that enhance their lives. They embrace diversity, encourage creativity, and promote wellness, striving to build a community that values collaboration, equity, and sustainability. Link Health Link Health empowers residents by linking them to essential public benefit programs, ensuring access to healthcare, energy assistance, and nutrition support. Commitment Cycle: Spring: January – April (Applications open December 2024) CVP Withdrawal Deadline: February 9th First week of service: Jan 20 – 24th Last week of service: Apr 7 – 11th Summer: May – June (Applications open April 2025) Fall: September – December 31. Through CVP, Community Volunteers will ________. A. reflect on training events B. promote their social position C. receive rewards for dedication D. learn how social issues are addressed 32. What can we know about the CVP Community Partners? A. Camp Harbor View gives targeted help to some families. B. Link Health provides healthcare services to the volunteers. C. CVP Community Partners emphasize developing creativity. D. Fenway Community Center has built a sustainable community. 33. The service of spring commitment cycle starts in ________ A. December 2024 B. January 2025 C. February 2025 D. April 2025 B Inspired by an event held by the Dallas-based Daddy Stroller Social Club (DSSC), a group for fathers, Brandon Shaw wrote an 83-page typed letter to his father. At the Blacklit bookstore, Kalvin Bridgewater led 15 dads, including his own father, who was seated next to Shaw, in an emotional event where the men dug into what they hated, loved, misunderstood and appreciated about their fathers as they grew up. Founded by Bridgewater in 2021, DSSC initially met with about 30 dads per event but skyrocketed in popularity after two online videos became hits in April 2024. It now attracts over 150 dads at events, where fathers bond over shared experiences and provide emotional backing for one another. DSSC’s appeal is broad, attracting dads from various professions, including doctors, engineers, and electricians. The group emphasizes emotional support, with members regularly checking in on one another. As Shaw shared, the group provides a space where men can be open, asking, “How are you feeling?” Shaw, who joined the group when he first became a father, said it has made him more patient and understanding. Bridgewater, who became a certified doula (产妇陪护师) to better support his wife through pregnancy, also ensures DSSC allows partners some time for themselves. At a May event, scheduled just before Mother’s Day, mothers had the day off while fathers spent time bonding with their children. Brandon Shaw described the experience as transformative, saying it helped him connect with his own weaknesses, something he had previously kept hidden. He sent the letter he wrote to his father for Father’s Day. It arrives soon. He said he doesn’t expect a response and just hopes his father reads it. As Bridgewater puts it, fatherhood is just about “being honest and sharing”. 34. What can be inferred about DSSC from the first two paragraphs? A. It creates a group of father influencers. B. It repairs broken father-son relationships. C. It promotes fathers’ emotional well-being. D. It highlights fathers’ vital role in childcare. 35. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The severity of parental issues. B. The necessity to identify weaknesses. C. Bridgewater’s devotion to fatherhood. D. Influence of the organization on its member. 36. Which of the following can be used to best describe DSSC? A. celebrity-led and trend-setting B. Profit-oriented and service-providing C. Group-exclusive and profession-focused D. Community-driven and emotionally supportive C Senses That Work Together When we think about how our senses work, we usually imagine them operating separately: you sniff a flower, and the smell is delivered uninterrupted from nose to brain. However, it’ s more complex than that. Most evidence for cross-modal perception (知觉) comes from studies into sound and vision (视觉). But research that shows other senses crossing over is coming out all the time, and it seems that even sound and smell sometimes form an unlikely pairing. When New York researchers, Daniel Wesson and Donald Wilson, tried to find out the truth about a “ mysterious” area of the brain called the olfactory tubercle, they had to deal with this fact. Originally, they only intended to measure how olfactory tubercle cells in mice responded to smell. But during testing, Wesson noticed that every time he put his coffee cup down, the mouse cells jumped in activity. In fact, the olfactory tubercle is well-placed to receive both smell and sound information from the outside world. Later they found that among separate cells, most responded to a smell but a significant number were also active when a sound was made. Some cells even behaved differently when smell and sound were presented together, by increasing or decreasing their activity. Of course, mice aren’t people, so research team has been carrying out further experiments. They pulled together a group of people and gave them various drinks to smell. Participants were asked to sniff the drinks, and then match them to appropriate musical instruments and produce the notes at different levels. The results were interesting: piano was regularly paired with fruity fragrances; strong smells sounded like the instruments that are made of metal. Further research found that listening to different sounds can change your perceptions. Studying taste this time, the team ordered some special toffee (太妃糖) and put together “ soundscapes” corresponding to bitterness and sweetness. Participants tasted similar pieces of toffee while listening to each soundscape, and found the toffee more bitter or sweeter, depending on which soundtrack they were listening to. Studies like this are helping scientists correctly describe our understanding of the senses, and how the brain combines them with its advantage. The consequences are worth considering. Could we see musicians work together with chefs to produce sound-improved food and drink? Will you be ordering a coffee with a soundtrack to bring out your favorite smell? Come to think of it, that could be one thing you hope coffee shop chains don’t get round to. 37. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. A lot of research focuses on the senses. B. Sound and vision are relatively easy to study. C. There can be a link between sound and smell. D. Evidence about the way senses work is hard to obtain. 38. In Wesson and Wilson’ s research, ______. A. the mice were affected more significantly by sound B. the result confirmed what the researchers had suspected C. the mice seemed to be afraid of certain sounds or smells D. the connection between sound and smell was found by chance 39. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A. Participants took an active part in the experiments. B. The purpose of the further experiments was totally different. C. The result failed to support what was found in previous experiments. D. Experiments showed that links between sound and smell were consistent. 40. How does the author feel about the effect of the research? A. She is excited about the creative chances. B. She is surprised at the recent developments. C. She is convinced that the findings will be used soon. D. She is worried about how the knowledge can be applied. D Technology is never a neutral tool for achieving human ends. Technological innovations reshape people as they use these innovations to control their environment. Artificial intelligence, for example, is altering humanity. While the term AI conjures up anxieties about killer robots or catastrophic levels of unemployment, there are other, deeper implications. As AI increasingly shapes the human experience, how does this change what it means to be human? Central to the problem is a person’s capacity to make choices, particularly judgments that have moral implications. Aristotle argued that the capacity for making practical judgments depends on regularly making them — on habit and practice. We see the emergence of machines as substitute judges in a variety of everyday contexts as a potential threat to people learning how to effectively exercise judgment themselves. In the workplace, managers routinely make decisions about who to hire or fire and which loan to approve, to name a few. These are areas where algorithmic prescription is replacing human judgment, and so people who might have had the chance to develop practical judgment in these areas no longer will. Recommendation engines, which are increasingly prevalent intermediaries (中间人) in people’s consumption of culture, may serve to constrain choice and minimize luck. By presenting consumers with algorithmically selected choices of what to watch, read, stream and visit next, companies are replacing human taste with machine taste. In one sense, this is helpful. After all, machines can survey a wider range of choices than any individual is likely to have the time or energy to do on their own. At the same time, though, this selection is optimizing for what people are likely to prefer based on what they’ve preferred in the past. We think there is some risk that people’s options will be constrained by their past in a new and unanticipated way. As machine learning algorithms improve and as they train on more extensive data sets, larger parts of everyday life are likely to become utterly predictable. The predictions are going to get better and better, and they will ultimately make common experiences more efficient and pleasant. Algorithms could soon — if they don’t already — have a better idea about which show you’d like to watch next and which job candidate you should hire than you do. One day, humans may even find a way for machines to make these decisions without some of the biases that humans typically display. But to the extent that unpredictability is part of how people understand themselves and part of what people like about themselves, humanity is in the process of losing something significant. As they become more and more predictable, the creatures inhabiting the increasingly AI-mediated world will become less and less like us. 41. What do we learn about the deeper implications of AI? A. It mainly causes catastrophic levels of unemployment. B. It increases people’s access to information and entertainment. C. It enables people to use innovations to control the environment. D. It changes how humans make choices and understand themselves. 42. What may result from increasing application of recommendation engines? A. Consumers will have much limited choice. B. Consumers will actually enjoy better luck. C. It will be easier to decide on what to enjoy. D. Humans will develop tastes similar to machines. 43. What is the author’s attitude toward the growing predictability brought by AI? A. Neutral. B. Cautious. C. Supportive. D. Skeptical. 44. Which could be the best title for the passage? A. Technology Shapes Humanity. B. The Age of Algorithmic Living. C. Smarter Machines, Better Decisions. D. When Prediction Replaces Judgment. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Digital Medicine Could the next suggestion from your doctor be downloading an app? Collectively known as digital medicine, a large number of apps in use or under development can now detect or monitor mental and physical disorders or directly administer therapies. ___45___ Many detection aids rely on mobile devices to record such features as users’ voices, locations, facial expressions, exercise and sleep; then they apply artificial intelligence to mark the possible change of a condition. Some smart watches, for instance, contain a sensor that automatically detects and warns people of a dangerous heart rate. ___46___ These wearable detection aids will not replace a doctor any time soon but can be helpful partners in stressing concerns that need follow-up. ___47___ Some are being developed to detect things such as cancerous DNA, stomach bleeds, body temperature and oxygen levels. The sensors inside your body can then send the data to apps for recording. ___48___ For the most part, those intended to diagnose or treat disorders must be proved safe and effective in clinical trials and earn regulatory approval; some may need a doctor’s permission. Clearly, society must move into the future of digital medicine with care — ensuring that the apps go through strict testing, protect privacy and go smoothly into doctors’ work. With such protections in place, healthcare costs could be saved by marking unhealthy behaviours and helping people to make changes before diseases set in. ___49___ For researchers, the patterns that emerge will provide them with novel ideas for how best to build healthier habits and prevent diseases. A. For doctors, applying AI to the data from these apps could help them personalize patient care. B. These data also help doctors detect diseases and help patients change their behaviors. C. Other similar tools can detect breathing disorders, depression and other conditions. D. They can both help diagnose symptoms and enhance traditional medical care. E. Detection aids can also take the form of eatable and sensor-bearing pills. F. Digital medicine has been widely used in all aspects of life nowadays. G. Not all healthcare apps can be used as digital medicine. 第三部分 书面表达(共2节，27分) 第一节(共2小题;第50小题3分，第51小题4分，共7分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 It is no secret that literary works, like many other pieces of art, are capable of making an emotional impact on their audience. One can say it is the ability to influence the reader’s mood that makes a story good and memorable. A writer can show the optimistic nature of a fictional character in a variety of ways. Creating a contrast between the main character’s personality and external reality is among the most emotionally efficient means. Therefore, there is usually a juxtaposition between the imagined world of a book and the readers’ world around them. At times when the world is “all over the place” and causes severe stress for people, having the chance to immerse (使沉浸) oneself into the fictional world and spend some time with the characters of the story can be a relief. For example, during the peaks of the pandemic when the news media was reporting high numbers of infected patients as well as spiking ICU rates, more and more people wanted to shelter themselves from the reality and take a break from it. While escaping the world around us is not realistic for a long time, having an opportunity to escape just for some time is a luxury that literature can offer. There are a large number of books that offer the safe escape into a fictional world and teach their readers that there are no unsolvable problems. The adventures through which the reader goes together with book characters often provide teachable lessons and underline the importance of remaining optimistic. As mentioned by Montgomery in Anne of Green Gables, “Tomorrow is always fresh, with no mistakes in it yet.” It illustrates that the characters of the book have made some mistakes and have harvested the consequences of them, but the next day is a new page with new opportunities. 50. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The adventures in literature help readers find solutions to problems and realize the importance of optimism. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 51. Apart from optimism, what other benefit(s) have you got from literature? Why? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(写作20分) 52. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim对克隆技术很感兴趣，他来信说看到“克隆猴中中与华华”的新闻后，既兴奋又有些担忧。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1．简要介绍克隆技术； 2．对克隆技术利弊的看法； 注意：词数100左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $