内容正文:
小升初英语专题总复习
专题19 感叹句
考点一
感叹句的基本结构
感叹句用于表达强烈的情感,通常由 what 或 how 引导。what 修饰名词,how 修饰形容词、副词或整个句子。山东版教材均将其作为核心句式,是山东小升初基础必考点。
核心结构表(山东小升初必考)
句型类型
基本结构
典型例句(山东本地场景)
What 型(单数可数名词)
What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
What a beautiful mountain Mount Tai is!(泰山是多么美丽的一座山啊!)
What an interesting book about Confucius!(多么有趣的一本关于孔子的书啊!)
What 型(复数可数名词)
What + 形容词 + 复数可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
What lovely children they are!(他们是多么可爱的孩子啊!)
What delicious Shandong pancakes!(多么美味的山东煎饼啊!)
What 型(不可数名词)
What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
What fine weather it is today!(今天天气真好啊!)
What clear water Daming Lake has!(大明湖的水多么清澈啊!)
How 型(形容词)
How + 形容词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
How tall Mount Tai is!(泰山多么高啊!)
How beautiful Qingdao is!(青岛多么美丽啊!)
How 型(副词)
How + 副词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
How fast he runs!(他跑得多么快啊!)
How well she sings!(她唱得多么好啊!)
How 型(特殊)
How + 主语 + 谓语!
How time flies!(时间过得真快啊!)
How I love Jinan!(我多么爱济南啊!)
简化形式
What + 名词!/ How + 形容词 / 副词!
What fun!(真有趣!)
How wonderful!(太精彩了!)
山东考区易错提醒
what 后必须接 "形容词 + 名词",不可单独接形容词
误:What beautiful! 正:What beautiful flowers! / How beautiful!
how 后必须接形容词 / 副词,不可直接接名词
误:How a nice day! 正:What a nice day! / How nice the day is!
单数可数名词前需加 a/an,元音音素开头用 an,辅音音素开头用 a
例:What an interesting story!(interesting 以元音音素开头)
What a useful book!(useful 以辅音音素开头)
不可数名词和复数名词前不能加 a/an
误:What a good news! 正:What good news
1.用 What/How 填空
(1)________ a tall tree it is!
(2)________ fast he runs!
(3)________ beautiful flowers they are!
(4)________ happy they are!
(5)________ delicious food it is!
2.选出下列感叹句结构正确的一项 ( )
A. How a clever boy!
B. What beautiful!
C. How fast she runs!
D. What an useful book!
3.改正下列句子中的结构错误
(1)What a interesting story! →____________________________
(2)How beautiful flowers! →____________________________
(3)What fast he runs! →____________________________
1.用 What/How 填空
(1)________ lovely the dog is!
(2)________ a nice gift it is!
(3)________ good news it is!
(4)________ carefully she studies!
(5)________ friendly people they are!
2.翻译句子(感叹句)
(1)多么晴朗的一天啊!________________________________________________
(2)她唱得多么好啊!________________________________________________
(3)多么有趣的电影啊!________________________________________________
3.判断下列感叹句是否正确(正确写 T,错误写 F)
(1)What a tall tree! ( )
(2)How delicious food! ( )
(3)What fast he runs! ( )考点二
感叹句的句式转换
感叹句的转换主要集中在 "陈述句→感叹句" 和 "What 型↔How 型",核心是根据修饰对象选择正确的引导词,是山东小升初句型转换的高频考点。
核心转换规则表(山东小升初必考)
转换类型
操作方法
例句(原句→转换句)
陈述句→What 型感叹句
1. 找出句中的名词短语
2. 用 "What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + (主谓)!" 结构
The girl is very cute. → What a cute girl (she is)!
陈述句→How 型感叹句
1. 找出句中的形容词 / 副词
2. 用 "How + 形容词 / 副词 + (主谓)!" 结构
He swims very fast. → How fast he swims!
What 型→How 型(单数可数名词)
What a/an + 形容词 + 名词 + 主谓!→ How + 形容词 + the + 名词 + 主谓!
What a nice day it is! → How nice the day is!
How 型→What 型(单数可数名词)
How + 形容词 + the + 名词 + 主谓!→ What a/an + 形容词 + 名词 + 主谓!
How tall the boy is! → What a tall boy he is!
山东考区易错提醒
转换时需保留核心修饰关系,名词用 what,形容词 / 副词用 how
误:The book is interesting. → How interesting book! 正:What an interesting book!
单数可数名词转换为 How 型时,名词前必须加 the
误:How clever boy he is! 正:How clever the boy is!
不可数名词和复数名词不能转换为 How 型的 "a/an" 结构
误:How delicious food it is! 正:What delicious food it is!
1.按要求转换下列句子为感叹句
(1)The girl is very cute.(What 型)
________________________________________________
(2)He swims very fast.(How 型)
________________________________________________
(3)It is a wonderful trip to Mount Tai.(How 型)
________________________________________________
(4)The cakes are delicious.(What 型)
________________________________________________
2.选出下列转换正确的一项 ( )
A. The book is interesting. → What an interesting book!
B. She sings well. → What well she sings!
C. The weather is fine. → How a fine weather!
D. They are happy. → What happy they are!
3.改正下列转换中的错误
(1)The boy is tall. → What tall the boy is! →____________________________
(2)It is a cold day. → How cold a day is! →____________________________
(3)The music is beautiful. → What beautiful music is! →____________________________
1.按要求转换下列句子为感叹句
(1)The film is very exciting.(What 型)
________________________________________________
(2)She dances very beautifully.(How 型)
________________________________________________
(3)It is a difficult question.(How 型)
________________________________________________
(4)The water in Daming Lake is clean.(What 型)
________________________________________________
2.翻译句子(陈述句→感叹句)
(1)这是一个多么有趣的故事啊!(What 型)
________________________________________________
(2)他画画画得多么好啊!(How 型)
________________________________________________
(3)这些苹果多么甜啊!(What 型)
________________________________________________
3.用 What/How 完成转换
(1)The park is beautiful. → _____________ beautiful the park is!(How 型)
(2)It is a lovely cat. → _____________ a lovely cat (it is)!(What 型)
(3)They study hard. → _____________ hard they study!(How 型)
考点三
感叹句的易错点辨析
感叹句的易错点集中在 "What/How 混淆"、"a/an 误用" 和 "不可数名词处理",需通过对比辨析掌握正确用法,是山东小升初单选、改错的高频考点。
核心易错点对比表(山东小升初必考)
易错点类型
错误例句
正确例句
原因分析
What/How 混淆
How a nice book!
What a nice book! / How nice the book is!
how 不可直接接名词,需加 the + 名词 + 主谓
a/an 误用
What a interesting film!
What an interesting film!
interesting 以元音音素开头,用 an
不可数名词加 a/an
What a good news!
What good news!
news 是不可数名词,不加 a
复数名词加 a/an
What a lovely children!
What lovely children!
children 是复数,不加 a
语序颠倒
What beautiful are the flowers!
What beautiful flowers they are!
What 型结构为 "What + 形容词 + 名词 + 主谓"
主谓多余
What beautiful flowers they are very much!
What beautiful flowers they are!
感叹句主谓后不可加 very much 等修饰词
辨析技巧(山东考区专用口诀)
感叹句,并不难,what 和 how 放句前。
名词前面用 what,形副前面用 how。
单数可数用 a/an,元音开头 an 来填。
不可数和复数,a/an 一律要不见。
一、写出下列数字的英文表达。
① 3/4 __________ ② 0.6 __________ ③ 45% __________
④ 2 1/2 __________ ⑤ 2/5 __________
二、单项选择。
( ) 1. __________ of the students in our school are girls.
A. Two third B. Two thirds C. Second three D. Two three
( ) 2. About thirty __________ of the water in the lake is clean.
A. percent B. percents C. percentage D. hundreds
( ) 3. __________ of people come to the beach in Qingdao in summer.
A. Thousand B. Thousands C. Three thousand D. Three thousands
1.选出下列感叹句中正确的一项 ( )
A. What nice the flowers are!
B. How an exciting game!
C. What a lovely dog!
D. How delicious foods!
2.改正下列句子中的错误
(1)What a good advice! →____________________________
(2)How a beautiful park! →____________________________
(3)What an happy child! →____________________________
3.用 a/an/ 不填填空(感叹句)
(1)What ________ interesting story!
(2)What ________ good weather!
(3)What ________ lovely cats!
(4)What ________ useful book!
考点四
感叹句的情景应用
感叹句在日常情景中用来表达强烈情感,需结合山东本地场景(旅游、校园、生活)选择合适的句型,是山东小升初情景对话的得分关键。
山东本地高频情景及常用感叹句
情景类型
常用感叹句(山东本地特色)
旅游观光
What a beautiful mountain Mount Tai is!(泰山是多么美丽的山啊!)
How wonderful the Confucius Temple is!(孔庙多么壮观啊!)
What clear water Daming Lake has!(大明湖的水多么清澈啊!)
美食体验
What delicious Shandong pancakes!(多么美味的山东煎饼啊!)
How tasty the seafood in Qingdao is!(青岛的海鲜多么好吃啊!)
校园生活
What clever students they are!(他们是多么聪明的学生啊!)
How interesting the English lesson is!(这节英语课多么有趣啊!)
赞美他人
How kind she is!(她多么善良啊!)
What a hard-working boy he is!(他是多么勤奋的男孩啊!)
生活感慨
How time flies!(时间过得真快啊!)
What a beautiful city Jinan is!(济南是多么美丽的城市啊!)
山东考区易错提醒
赞美某地 / 某物时,常用 What a/an + 形容词 + 名词结构
例:What a beautiful park!(多么美丽的公园啊!)
表达强烈情感时,可使用简化形式
例:Great!(太棒了!) Wonderful!(太精彩了!) Amazing!(太惊人了!)
情景中选择句型时,优先根据修饰对象判断
修饰名词用 what,修饰形容词 / 副词用 how
1.根据情景选择合适的感叹句
(1)当你登上泰山山顶时,你会说:________
A. What a tall mountain!
B. How tall mountain!
C. What tall the mountain is!
(2)当你吃到美味的山东煎饼时,你会说:________
A. How delicious food!
B. What delicious food it is!
C. What a delicious food!
(3)当你参观孔庙时,你会感叹:________
A. How wonderful the temple is!
B. What wonderful temple!
C. How a wonderful temple!
2.补全情景对话(用感叹句)
A: Look! We are in Qingdao now.
B: Wow! ________________________________________________ (1) (多么美丽的城市啊!)
A: Yes. And _____________________________________________ (2) (这里的海鲜多么美味啊!)
B: Exactly. ______________________________________________ (3) (这里的人们多么友好啊!)
A: Let's take some photos.
1.根据情景选择合适的感叹句
(1)当你看到大明湖的荷花时,你会说:________
A. What beautiful lotus flowers!
B. How beautiful lotus flowers!
C. What beautiful the lotus flowers are!
(2)当你感叹时间过得快时,你会说:________
A. How fast time fly!
B. How fast time flies!
C. What fast time!
(3)当你赞美老师很耐心时,你会说:________
A. What a patient teacher!
B. How patient teacher!
C. What patient teacher!
2.补全情景对话(用感叹句)
A: I went to Mount Tai last weekend.
B: ________________________________________________ (1) (多么棒的旅行啊!)
A: Thank you. I climbed to the top.
B: ________________________________________________ (2) (你多么勇敢啊!)
A: The view from the top was amazing.
B: ________________________________________________ (3) (我多么想去啊!)
一、单项选择(每题 3 分,共 30 分)
( ) 1. ________ a lovely girl she is!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( ) 2. ________ fast he runs!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( ) 3. ________ beautiful flowers they are!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( ) 4. ________ interesting book about Confucius it is!
A. What B. How C. What an D. How an
( ) 5. ________ good weather it is today!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( ) 6. ________ happy they are!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( ) 7. ________ delicious the Shandong pancakes are!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( ) 8. ________ a wonderful trip to Mount Tai we had!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( ) 9. ________ carefully she studies!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( ) 10. ________ lovely cats they are!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
二、用 What/How 填空
1.________ a tall tree it is!
2.________ fast the boy runs!
3.________ beautiful Daming Lake is!
4.________ delicious food it is!
5.________ an interesting film we saw!
6.________ happy children they are!
7.________ well she sings!
8.________ a nice gift it is!
9.________ clean the water is!
10.________ hard-working students they are!
三、按要求完成下列各题
1.The boy is very clever.(改为 What 型感叹句)
____________________________________________________________
2.She dances very beautifully.(改为 How 型感叹句)
____________________________________________________________
3.It is a cold day.(改为 How 型感叹句)
____________________________________________________________
4.The cakes are delicious.(改为 What 型感叹句)
____________________________________________________________
5.The music is wonderful.(改为两种类型的感叹句)
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
6.翻译句子:济南是多么美丽的城市啊!(What 型)
____________________________________________________________
四、完形填空
Last weekend, I went to Mount Tai with my family. ________ (1) beautiful mountain it is! The view from the top is amazing. ________ (2) clear the sky is! We took many photos. ________ (3) lovely the flowers are on the mountain! We also ate local food. ________ (4) delicious the Shandong pancakes are! In the afternoon, we visited a temple. ________ (5) old the temple is! It has a history of over 1,000 years. ________ (6) great the ancient Chinese people are! We had a wonderful time. ________ (7) happy we were! ________ (8) unforgettable trip! I hope I can go there again. ________ (9) beautiful Shandong is! ________ (10) a good time we had!
( ) 1. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( ) 2. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( ) 3. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( ) 4. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( ) 5. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( ) 6. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( ) 7. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( ) 8. A. What B. How C. What an D. How an
( ) 9. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( ) 10. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a.
答案与解析
考点一
考点再现
1.(1)What(2)How(3)What(4)How(5)What
2.C
3.(1)a→an(2)How→What(3)What→How
过关训练
1.(1)How(2)What(3)What(4)How(5)What
2.(1)What a sunny day (it is)!(2)How well she sings!(3)What an interesting film (it is)!
3.(1)T(2)F(3)F
考点二
考点再现
1.(1)What a cute girl (she is)!(2)How fast he swims!(3)How wonderful the trip to Mount Tai is!(4)What delicious cakes (they are)!
2.A
3.(1)What→How(2)How cold a day is→How cold the day is/What a cold day it is(3)What→How/is→it is
过关训练:
1.(1)What an exciting film (it is)!(2)How beautifully she dances!(3)How difficult the question is!(4)What clean water in Daming Lake (it is)!
2.(1)What an interesting story (it is)!(2)How well he draws!(3)What sweet apples (they are)!
3.(1)How(2)What(3)How
考点三
考点再现
1.B
2.(1)a bad→bad(2)How→What an/How interesting book→How interesting the book(3)lovely a→a lovely
过关训练
1.C
2.(1)a good→good(2)How a→What a/How beautiful→How beautiful the(3)an happy→a happy
3.(1)an(2)不填(3)不填(4)a
考点四
考点再现
1.(1)A(2)B(3)A
2.(1)What a beautiful city (it is)!(2)What delicious seafood it is!(3)How friendly the people here are!
过关训练
1.(1)A(2)B(3)A
2.(1)What a wonderful trip!(2)How brave you are!(3)How I want to go!
一、单项选择。
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.A
1. 解析:感叹句结构:What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数名词 + 主语 + 谓语;本句中心词是单数名词 girl,已有 a,用 What。故正确答案为
A。
2. 解析:How 引导感叹句:How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语;中心词是副词 fast,用 How。故正确答案为B。
3. 解析:中心词是复数名词 flowers,用What + 形容词 + 复数名词结构。故正确答案为A。
4. 解析:中心词是单数可数名词 book,interesting 以元音音素开头,用What an。故正确答案为C。
5. 解析:weather 是不可数名词,用What + 形容词 + 不可数名词。故正确答案为A。
6. 解析:中心词是形容词 happy,用 How 引导感叹句。故正确答案为B。
7. 解析:中心词是形容词 delicious,用 How 引导感叹句。故正确答案为B。
8. 解析:中心词是单数名词 trip,已有 a,用 What 引导。故正确答案为A。
9. 解析:中心词是副词 carefully,用 How 引导感叹句。故正确答案为B。
10. 解析:中心词是复数名词 cats,用 What 引导感叹句。故正确答案为A。
二、用 What/How 填空
1.What 2.How 3.How 4.What 5.What
6.What 7.How 8.What 9.How 10.What
1. 解析:有a + 单数名词,用 What。故正确答案为What。
2. 解析:修饰副词 fast,用 How。故正确答案为How。
3. 解析:修饰形容词 beautiful,用 How。故正确答案为How。
4. 解析:中心词是不可数名词 food,用 What。故正确答案为What。
5. 解析:有an + 单数名词,用 What。故正确答案为What。
6. 解析:中心词是复数名词 children,用 What。故正确答案为What。
7. 解析:修饰副词 well,用 How。故正确答案为How。
8. 解析:有a + 单数名词,用 What。故正确答案为What。
9. 解析:修饰形容词 clean,用 How。故正确答案为How。
10. 解析:中心词是复数名词 students,用 What。故正确答案为What。
三、按要求完成下列各题
1.What a clever boy he is!
2.How beautifully she dances!
3.How cold the day is!
4.What delicious cakes they are!
5.What wonderful music it is! How wonderful the music is!
6.What a beautiful city Jinan is!
1. 解析:改为 What 型感叹句,结构为What a/an + 形容词 + 单数名词 + 主语 + 谓语。故正确答案为What a clever boy he is!
2. 解析:How 型感叹句修饰副词,结构How + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语。故正确答案为How beautifully she dances!
3. 解析:How 型修饰形容词,结构How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语。故正确答案为How cold the day is!
4. 解析:中心词为复数名词,用What + 形容词 + 复数名词 + 主语 + 谓语。故正确答案为What delicious cakes they are!
5. 解析:music 为不可数名词,What 型用 What wonderful music it is;How 型修饰形容词用 How wonderful the music is。故正确答案为What wonderful music it is! How wonderful the music is!
6. 解析:What a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词,城市为单数可数名词。故正确答案为What a beautiful city Jinan is!
四、完形填空
1.C 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C
1. 解析:mountain 是单数可数名词,用What a。故正确答案为C。
2. 解析:修饰形容词 clear,用 How。故正确答案为B。
3. 解析:修饰形容词 lovely,用 How。故正确答案为B。
4. 解析:修饰形容词 delicious,用 How。故正确答案为B。
5. 解析:修饰形容词 old,用 How。故正确答案为B。
6. 解析:修饰形容词 great,用 How。故正确答案为B。
7. 解析:修饰形容词 happy,用 How。故正确答案为B。
8. 解析:trip 是单数可数名词,unforgettable 元音音素开头,用What an。故正确答案为C。
9. 解析:修饰形容词 beautiful,用 How。故正确答案为B。
10. 解析:a good time 为单数名词短语,用What a。故正确答案为C。
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