Unit4 Sharing Period4 Learning About Language—Discovering Useful Structures教学设计-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第四册

该高中英语教学设计聚焦短语类型及功能复习，核心知识点为名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词短语的识别与句法功能分析。通过明确学习目标导入，结合单元语境例句让学生标注短语类型及功能，搭建从具体识别到抽象归纳的学习支架，梳理短语学习脉络。 该资料以“识别-讲解-应用”三阶教学为主线，例句贴近单元主题，强化语言能力培养。自我评估环节引导学生反思掌握情况，提升学习能力。如Activity 2让学生标注句子中短语类型，Activity 6通过问题反思学习效果，帮助学生巩固语法知识，教师可高效落实语法教学目标。

Teaching and Learning Design Book4 Unit4 Sharing 教学设计 Period 4 Teaching and learning contents: Learning About Language—Reviewing useful structures Comprehensive teaching and learning objectives: By the end of this period, the students will have been able to: 1) Identify the different phrases and state their functions; 2) Do some related exercises. Teaching and learning important points: 1) Identifying the different phrases and stating their functions; 2) Doing some related exercises. Teaching and learning difficult points: 1) Identifying the different phrases and stating their functions; 2) Doing some related exercises. Teaching and learning procedure: Step 1 Leading in Activity 1 Leading in Lead into the teaching and learning topic by introducing the learning objectives of this period. Step 2 Identifying the different phrases Activity 2 Identifying the different phrases Identify the phrases in the following sentences and state their functions. Mark noun phrases as NP, verb phrases VP, adverbial phrases AdvP, adjective phrases AdjP, and prepositional phrases PrepP. Answers: 1. I’ve been dying to have some of my favourite sweets, and it’s always nice to get mail! VP (predicate) NP (object) AdjP (predicative) VP (real subject) 2. More importantly, she was my best friend. AdvP (adverbial) NP (predicative) 3. Tombe’s father, Mukap, a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead, led us to his house. NP (subject) NP (appositive) PrepP (attributive) VP (predicate) PrepP (adverbial) 4. He then placed the hot stones in an empty oil drum with kau kau (sweet potato), ripe corn, and greens. NP (object) PrepP (adverbial) PrepP (adverbial) 5. Later, I noticed a can standing upside down on the grill over the fire. NP (object) AdvP (adverbial) PrepP (adverbial) 6. My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home. NP (subject) VP (predicate) NP (subject) VP (predicate) AdvP (adverbial) PrepP (adverbial) Step 3 Reviewing useful structures Activity 3 Reviewing useful structures Get the students to read the grammar explanations by themselves in class, and underline the key points or the items that they have problems with. And then the teacher guides the students to review the grammar items and emphasize the key points. I概念：英语中的短语是有一定意义但不构成独立从句或句子的一组词。从形式结构角度划分；英语的短语可分为名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、副词短语、介词短语等。英语短语的句法功能通常与对应的单词的句法功能类似，比如，名词短语与名词功能相似，在句中主要充当主语、宾语；介词短语主要充当定语、状语、补语。 e.g. He failed to get the first prize in the match. 　在这个句子中the first prize是名词短语作宾语，in the match是介词短语作状语。 II几类短语的具体用法 1. 名词短语(NP) 　定义：名词与它的修饰语一起构成名词短语可在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语等成分。 　构成：限定词+修饰词+名词 常见的限定词：1)冠词：a, an, the；2)指示代词：this, that, these, those等；3)不定代词：some, no, neither, both, none等。 e.g. The most obvious problem in our class is lack of interaction and teamwork. (作主语) 我们班最明显的问题是缺少互动和协作。 Oceans play a key role in our world. (作宾语) 海洋在我们的世界中扮演着关键的角色。 It is my firm belief that only with joint efforts can we have a better tomorrow. (作表语) 我坚信，只有共同努力，我们才能有一个更美好的明天。 2. 动词短语(VP) 动词短语是指由动词和对它进行修饰、限制或补充说明的成分构成的短语，其基本构成为： 1) 动词+副词 break out (战争、疾病、火灾等的)突然爆发 break off折断；(使)断开；突然中止 break down 出故障；失败；垮掉 put away 收起来 look back 回顾 turn up 出现 give up 放弃 2) 动词+介词 bring about 引起 look into调查 get over克服 insist on坚持 stick to坚持 talk about 谈论 think about 思考 care about关心 set about 开始；着手 look after 照看 3)动词+副词+介词 look up to 敬仰；(尤指对年长者)钦佩；仰慕 look down on/upon 瞧不起；轻视 look forward to期待，盼望 add up to总计 keep away from 不靠近 keep up with 赶上 date back to 追溯到 4) 动词+名词+介词 catch sight of 看见，瞥见 make use of利用 pay attention to注意 make sense of 理解 take care of 关心，照顾 get the hang of熟悉；掌握 3. 形容词短语(AdjP) 形容词短语是指由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成的短语。 1) 两个或多个形容词可以由and，but等并列连词连接，构成形容词短语。 e.g. Thirsty and hungry, she went into the restaurant and seated herself at a little table. (作状语) 又渴又饿，她走进饭店，在一张小桌旁坐下来。 2) very等程度副词作修饰语，可与形容词构成形容词短语。 e.g. He was late again, which made his teacher very angry. (作宾补) 他又迟到了，这使得他的老师很生气。 3)介词及其宾语可用在形容词后修饰形容词，可与形容词构成形容词短语。 e.g. Some of us like to have snacks; some others are particular about food; and still some eat or drink too much. (作表语) 我们中的一些人喜欢吃零食；有些人对食物很挑剔；还有一些人吃得太多或喝得太多。 Although slow and unsure of her steps, the woman moved with deliberation, and there was no hesitation in her gestures. (作状语) 尽管步伐缓慢且不确定，但这位女士的动作很从容，她的手势也没有犹豫。 4)不定式在形容词后作修饰语，可与形容词构成形容词短语。 e.g. The little girl who was once afraid to make eye contact is now a secure, funny young lady who would talk your ear off. (作表语) 那个曾经不敢眼神交流的小女孩现在成了一个自信的、有趣的年轻女士，她会喋喋不休地说个没完。 4. 副词短语(AdvP) 副词短语是指由几个副词或副词及其修饰语构成的短语，在句中主要作状语。 1) 两个或多个副词可以由and，but等并列连词连接，构成副词短语。 e.g. It’s probably good for you to get some criticism now and then. 偶尔受点批评或许对你有好处。 2) very, extremely, clearly等程度副词作修饰语，可与其他副词构成副词短语。 e.g. Equally importantly, we should develop a good habit of living. 同样重要的是，我们应该养成一种良好的生活习惯。 3)其他类型的副词短语。 e.g. I was so deeply moved that I couldn’t fall asleep deep into the night. 我是如此感动，以至于在深夜都无法入睡。 5. 介词短语(PrepP) 介词短语是介词和其他代词或名词或词组搭配构成的短语，在句中作状语、表语、补语、定语等。 1) 介词+名词：at the door 在门口 into the bag 放进袋子里 in the car 在车里 2) 介词+代词：for me 就我来说 of others 其他人的 3) 介词+介词短语：from behind the door 从门后　from under the desk　从桌子下面 4) 介词+副词：from below 从下面 5) with复合结构：with the light on开着灯 Step 4 Using the structures Activity 4 Using the structures (exercises in the textbook) 1. Complete the passage with the phrases below in their proper forms. Answers: a large amount of investment, dusty tracks, beautiful modern roads, straight towards with dangerous diseases, a chorus of. 2. Imagine you are an editor of a volunteer website. Add phrases to the following advertisement to make it more exciting. Suggested answers: Improving Health in Guinea In order to ease suffering in Guinea from a lack of doctors and good healthcare advice, volunteers with a heart to help others are needed to provide healthcare information to people in rural villages. As a volunteer, you will be responsible for organising lectures, preparing posters, and visiting schools and families throughout the southern part of the nation. There is no doubt that these activities will leave you with unforgettable memories for the rest of your life. The programme will last for one year or more, depending on your performance. You need to be over 18 and be able to communicate well both in spoken and written English (or in French). You don’t need to have overseas experience, but you should be friendly and outgoing with a wonderful smile. Activity 5 Using the structures (exercises in the reference book) Complete the grammar exercises in the reference book and check the answers. Step 5 Evaluation and summary Activity 6 Self-evaluation Guide the students to reflect on their learning of this period by considering the following aspects. 1. How is your mastery of the functions of different phrases? (Good/Fairly good/Moderate/Just so so/Poor) 2. What are your problems with this grammar item—different phrases and their functions? Activity 7 Summary (The teacher) Guide the students to summarize the functions of different phrases. Homework: 1. Complete the (grammar) exercises in RB and TB. 2. Read the grammar explanations in the reference book to consolidate the grammar rules. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $