Unit2 Amazing China期中复习讲义2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级下册

2025-2026学年译林八下Unit2 Amazing China期中复习讲义 【知识梳理】 一、短语 1. popular attractions热门景点 2. according to根据 3. a watercolour painting一幅水彩画 4. scare me使我害怕 5. rest in the lower reaches of… 位于……的中下游 6. a good choice一个好的选择 7. historic buildings历史建筑 8. be proud of=take pride in以……为傲 9. the highest educational body最高教育机构 10. the birthplace of… …的发源地 11. a must-see一个必看之地 12. be well-known for因……而著名 13. the central part of… ……的中心 14. be on business出差 15. the classical gardens古典园林 16. from home and abroad来自国内外 17. a cultural treasure文化瑰宝 18. the natural landscapes自然景观 19. be simple but unusual简单但不寻常 二、动词用法 1. prefer A 更喜欢A prefer A to B 比起B更喜欢A prefer to do A 宁愿做A prefer doing A 更喜欢做A prefer to do A rather than do B 比起做B宁愿做A prefer doing A to doing B 比起做B更喜欢做A 2. be well worth doing sth. 值得做某事 be well worth + 名词 3. a good way to do sth. 做某事的好方法 4. be sure to do sth. 一定做某事 5. not only A but also B 不仅A而且B（谓语动词：就近原则） 6. be able to do sth. 能够做某事 = have the ability to do sth. 7. decide to do sth. = make a decision to do sth. 决定做某事 8. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 【巩固训练】 一、单项填空 1. A falling tree was ____ our way. We had no ____ but to wait for help in our car. A. on；choice B. in；choice C. in；choose D. on；choose 2. Why not ____ around the town by bicycle? It’s a good way to relax after a busy day. A. getting B. got C. get D. to get 3. Mount Tai is famous ____ its natural scenery. It is also known ____ the top mountain among China's five mountains. A. for；as B. for；for C. as；for D. as；as 4. I haven’t seen him ____ three years ____ we met in Shanghai. A. for；since B. since；for C. in；since D. for；when 5. The beautiful beach is well worth ____ , especially at sunrise when the sky turns golden. A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited 6. —The way of life we were used to ____ a lot since the new policy came out. —Yes, people are living a better life now. A. has changed B. changed C. is changing D. change 7. I won’t give up my decision ____ what others think. A. as long as B. even if C. as soon as D. no matter 8. —Where is your teacher? —He has ____ the library. He has ____ the library for an hour. A. gone to；been to B. gone to；been in C. been to；been in D. been to；gone to 9. The Great Wall is the top ____ for most foreign tourists visiting China. A. introduction B. action C. attention D. attraction 10. My brother prefers ____ to the countryside ____ at home on weekends. A. to go；rather than stay B. to go；rather than to stay C. to go；to staying D. going；rather than to staying 11. The saying “ ____ ” tells us that you won’t be a hero if you can’t get over difficulties and be successful. A. Practice makes perfect. B. A miss is as good as a mile. C. Actions speak louder than words. D. He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man. 12. —When ____ you ____ the new car? —Well, I ____ it for a week. A. did；have；have had B. did；buy；have had C. did；buy；have bought D. did；have；have bought 13. The Disney parade finished at around 3:00 p.m., so it ____ for about two hours already. A. stopped B. was over C. has stopped D. has been over 14. The Palace Museum ____ to the public since 1925 but I have never ____ there so far. A. has opened；gone B. has been open；been C. has been open；gone D. has opened；been 15. —How long has Sue ____ Robert? —For more than three years. A. married B. been married to C. got married D. married to 16. —What do you think of our new monitor Martin? —He is such a person that never ____ about the importance of his job. In a word, quite modest. A. gives up B. calms down C. shows off D. falls behind 二、根据所给中文、首字母或音标提示，写出句中所缺单词，每空限填一词。 1. Our country is r______________ in both modern cities and peaceful countryside. 2. Travelers from a______________ often say that Chinese food is their favorite part of the trip. 3. You cannot find such a long and historic wall ______________ (任何地方) else in the whole world. 4. The Tang Dynasty ______________ (时期) was a golden time for Chinese poetry, art, and culture. 5. This straight ______________ (河段) of the Yellow River has been used for trade and travel for centuries. 6. The travel magazine introduced a wonderful ______________ (混合) of ancient temples, modern museums and peaceful gardens in the city. 7. We didn’t truly appreciate the beauty of the sunrise u______________ we reached the top of the mountain. 8. I felt truly lucky to have the chance to visit the ancient city, which is famous for its historical buildings and beautiful ______________ (艺术品). 9. Many travellers hope to e______________ the ancient stone forests in Yunnan. 10. I didn’t receive your ______________ (信息) until this morning. 11. The ______________ (in the centre of an area) square of the city is a popular place for people to relax. 12. ______________ (水彩) painting is a relaxing and creative hobby, and you don’t need to be an expert to create beautiful things. 13. The game show is so meaningless. I like to watch something ______________ (教育的). 14. Many young people ______________ (like better) to travel by high-speed train because it’s fast and comfortable. 15. I deeply a______________ the local artists for their amazing skills in making paper-cutting works. 16. What other people think of you is none of your b______________ . 17. Scientists are studying the ______________ (the area where a person was born) of these rare birds to understand their needs. 18. The high glass bridge can ______________ (使害怕) people who are afraid of heights, but the view is really amazing. 19. I have been to the Great Wall t______________, once with my parents and once with my classmates. 20. Lots of people come to Happy Hills to go on the ______________ /raɪdz/ and see the fun characters. 21. As the alarm sounded, the ______________ /ˈsəʊldʒəz/ quickly gathered at the square and prepared for the mission. 22. Mr. Wang is a man of great ______________ (sth. that you get from reading and studying) who knows a lot about Chinese history. 23. If you don’t like this travel plan, we have another good ______________ for you. 24. Many famous u______________ in Beijing open their campuses to visitors on weekends. 三、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 2029 National Games will __1__________ (happy) welcome guests from across the nation. When people arrive, they will find out __2__________ special and amazing Hunan is! As __3__________ (one) central province to host this event, Hunan will be discovered as a land where yesterday and tomorrow shake hands with joy. Hunan’s nature takes your breath away. Many visitors go to Zhangjiajie __4__________ (see) its tall green mountains. Families often walk along the Xiang River, enjoying boats that are just like white birds or sunny days. History lives in every corner here. Yuelu Academy isn’t just old — it’s __5__________ (old) school in Hunan! In Hunan Museum, treasures __6__________ (rest) for over 2,000 years, telling stories through silk books and jade bowls. Food is a special part of Hunan life. People here love spicy food. You can find hot stinky tofu in street markets. Many people have rice noodles __7__________ breakfast. These foods taste really delicious. At night, Changsha’s streets shine with __8__________ (colour) lights. Young people meet in coffee shops to listen to music. Both old teahouses __9__________ new museums stand together, showing Hunan’s past and future. If people arrive for the Games, Hunan will __10__________ (happy) welcome guests from across the nation. 第 1 页 共 12 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年译林八下Unit2 Amazing China期中复习讲义 【知识梳理】 一、短语 1. popular attractions热门景点 2. according to根据 3. a watercolour painting一幅水彩画 4. scare me使我害怕 5. rest in the lower reaches of… 位于……的中下游 6. a good choice一个好的选择 7. historic buildings历史建筑 8. be proud of = take pride in以……为傲 9. the highest educational body最高教育机构 10. the birthplace of… …的发源地 11. a must-see一个必看之地 12. be well-known for因……而著名 13. the central part of… ……的中心 14. be on business出差 15. the classical gardens古典园林 16. from home and abroad来自国内外 17. a cultural treasure文化瑰宝 18. the natural landscapes自然景观 19. be simple but unusual简单但不寻常 二、动词用法 1. prefer A 更喜欢A prefer A to B 比起B更喜欢A prefer to do A 宁愿做A prefer doing A 更喜欢做A prefer to do A rather than do B 比起做B宁愿做A prefer doing A to doing B 比起做B更喜欢做A 2. be well worth doing sth. 值得做某事 be well worth + 名词 3. a good way to do sth. 做某事的好方法 4. be sure to do sth. 一定做某事 5. not only A but also B 不仅A而且B（谓语动词：就近原则） 6. be able to do sth. 能够做某事 = have the ability to do sth. 7. decide to do sth. = make a decision to do sth. 决定做某事 8. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 【巩固训练】 一、单项填空 1. A falling tree was ____ our way. We had no ____ but to wait for help in our car. A. on；choice B. in；choice C. in；choose D. on；choose 【答案】B 【解析】句意：一棵倒下的树挡住了我们的路。我们别无选择，只能在车里等待救援。 解析： 第一空考查固定搭配in one’s way（挡道，妨碍）。第二空考查固定句型have no choice but to do sth.（别无选择只能做某事）。故答案为B。 2. Why not ____ around the town by bicycle? It’s a good way to relax after a busy day. A. getting B. got C. get D. to get 【答案】C 【解析】句意：为什么不骑自行车在镇上转转呢？这是在忙碌一天后放松的好方法。“Why not”后面接动词原形，表示提出建议，意为“为什么不……呢？”。故答案为C。 3. Mount Tai is famous ____ its natural scenery. It is also known ____ the top mountain among China's five mountains. A. for；as B. for；for C. as；for D. as；as 【答案】A 【解析】句意：泰山以其自然风光而闻名。它也被称为中国五岳之首。 考查固定搭配。be famous for意为因……而闻名；be known as意为作为……而闻名/被称为。故答案为A。 4. I haven’t seen him ____ three years ____ we met in Shanghai. A. for；since B. since；for C. in；since D. for；when 【答案】A 【解析】句意：自从我们在上海见面以来，我已经三年没见到他了。 现在完成时中，时间段前用for，since 引导时间状语从句。故答案为A。 5. The beautiful beach is well worth ____ , especially at sunrise when the sky turns golden. A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这个美丽的海滩非常值得一游，尤其是在日出时分天空变成金色的时候。 考查固定搭配“sth. be worth doing”（某事值得做），其中worth后面接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。故答案为B。 6. —The way of life we were used to ____ a lot since the new policy came out. —Yes, people are living a better life now. A. has changed B. changed C. is changing D. change 【答案】A 【解析】句意：—自从新政策出台以来，我们习惯的生活方式已经改变了很多。 —是的，现在人们的生活变得更好了。 句子主语是“The way of life”，“we were used to”是定语从句修饰主语。由于句中有“since…”，主句应使用现在完成时。故答案为A。 7. I won’t give up my decision ____ what others think. A. as long as B. even if C. as soon as D. no matter 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我不会放弃我的决定，不管别人怎么想。 考查让步状语从句。A. as long as只要；B. even if即使，虽然；C. as soon as一……就……；D. no matter 不管怎样。“no matter what”意为“无论什么”，引导让步状语从句。故答案为D。 8. —Where is your teacher? —He has ____ the library. He has ____ the library for an hour. A. gone to；been to B. gone to；been in C. been to；been in D. been to；gone to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—你的老师在哪里？ —他去图书馆了。他在图书馆已经一个小时了。 “has gone to”表示“去了某地（还没回来）”；“has been in”表示“在某地待了多久”；“been to”表示“去过某地（已经回来）”故答案为B。 9. The Great Wall is the top ____ for most foreign tourists visiting China. A. introduction B. action C. attention D. attraction 【答案】D 【解析】句意：长城是大多数访华外国游客的首要景点。A. introduction介绍，引进；B. action行动，动作；C. attention注意，注意力；D. attraction吸引力，吸引人的事物。固定短语，tourist attraction旅游景点，故答案为D。 10. My brother prefers ____ to the countryside ____ at home on weekends. A. to go；rather than stay B. to go；rather than to stay C. to go；to staying D. going；rather than to staying 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我哥哥周末宁愿去乡下也不愿待在家里。 考查“prefer to do A rather than do B”结构，意为“宁愿做A而不愿做B”；“prefer doing A to doing B”意为“宁愿做A而不愿做B”。故答案为A。 11. The saying “ ____ ” tells us that you won’t be a hero if you can’t get over difficulties and be successful. A. Practice makes perfect. B. A miss is as good as a mile. C. Actions speak louder than words. D. He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man. 【答案】D 【解析】句意：俗话说“不到长城非好汉”，它告诉我们如果不能克服困难并取得成功，你就成不了英雄。 A. 熟能生巧；B. 失之毫厘，谬以千里；C. 事实胜于雄辩；D. 不到长城非好汉。题干核心含义为“克服困难、取得成功才能成为英雄”，需选择与“经历挑战、成就自我”相关的谚语。故答案为D。 12. —When ____ you ____ the new car? —Well, I ____ it for a week. A. did；have；have had B. did；buy；have had C. did；buy；have bought D. did；have；have bought 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—你什么时候买的新车？ —嗯，我已经买了一个星期了。 第一句询问过去发生的动作，用一般过去时；第二句表示状态持续了一段时间，用现在完成时，且动词需为延续性动词（buy的延续性对应词是have）。故答案为B。 13. The Disney parade finished at around 3:00 p.m., so it ____ for about two hours already. A. stopped B. was over C. has stopped D. has been over 【答案】D 【解析】句意：迪士尼游行大约在下午 3 点结束，所以它已经结束了大约两个小时了。 现在完成时中，“be over” 表示状态，符合“持续两小时”的语境。故答案为D。 14. The Palace Museum ____ to the public since 1925 but I have never ____ there so far. A. has opened；gone B. has been open；been C. has been open；gone D. has opened；been 【答案】B 【解析】句意：故宫博物院自 1925 年以来一直对公众开放，但我至今从未去过那里。 “be open” 表示状态，现在完成时用 “has been open”；“have been to” 表示“去过某地”。故答案为B。 15. —How long has Sue ____ Robert? —For more than three years. A. married B. been married to C. got married D. married to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—苏和罗伯特结婚多久了？ —三年多了。 考查marry的用法：marry sb.和某人结婚，是短暂性动词，不能和一段时间连用；be married to sb.和某人结婚，是延续性动词，可以和一段时间连用。A、C、D都是短暂性动词，不能和how long（多久）连用，故答案为B。 16. —What do you think of our new monitor Martin? —He is such a person that never ____ about the importance of his job. In a word, quite modest. A. gives up B. calms down C. shows off D. falls behind 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—你觉得我们的新班长马丁怎么样？ —他是一个从不炫耀自己工作重要性的人。总之，很谦虚。 考查动词短语辨析。A. gives up放弃；B. calms down冷静下来；C. shows off 炫耀；D. falls behind落后。根据“In a word, quite modest.”可知，马丁很谦虚并且从不炫耀。故选C。 二、根据所给中文、首字母或音标提示，写出句中所缺单词，每空限填一词。 1. Our country is r______________ in both modern cities and peaceful countryside. 【答案】rich 【解析】句意：我们的国家既有现代化的城市，也有宁静的乡村。 be rich in 表示“在……方面丰富/富有”。故答案为rich。 2. Travelers from a______________ often say that Chinese food is their favorite part of the trip. 【答案】abroad 【解析】句意：来自国外的游客常说中餐是他们旅行中最喜欢的部分。 from abroad 表示“来自国外”。故答案为abroad。 3. You cannot find such a long and historic wall ______________ (任何地方) else in the whole world. 【答案】anywhere 【解析】句意：你在世界上其他任何地方都找不到这样长且具有历史意义的城墙。 anywhere else表示“其他任何地方”，用于否定句。故答案为anywhere。 4. The Tang Dynasty ______________ (时期) was a golden time for Chinese poetry, art, and culture. 【答案】period 【解析】句意：唐朝时期是中国诗歌、艺术和文化的黄金时代。dynasty period 表示“朝代时期”。故答案为period。 5. This straight ______________ (河段) of the Yellow River has been used for trade and travel for centuries. 【答案】reach 【解析】句意：黄河的这一笔直河段几个世纪以来一直被用于贸易和旅行。reach在这里表示“一段（河流、道路等）”。故答案为reach。 6. The travel magazine introduced a wonderful ______________ (混合) of ancient temples, modern museums and peaceful gardens in the city. 【答案】mix 【解析】句意：这本旅游杂志介绍了这座城市中古代寺庙、现代博物馆和宁静花园的奇妙组合。 a mix of 表示“……的混合/组合”。故答案为mix。 7. We didn’t truly appreciate the beauty of the sunrise u______________ we reached the top of the mountain. 【答案】until 【解析】句意：直到我们到达山顶，我们才真正欣赏到日出的美景。 not…until 是固定结构，表示“直到……才”。故答案为until。 8. I felt truly lucky to have the chance to visit the ancient city, which is famous for its historical buildings and beautiful ______________ (艺术品). 【答案】artworks 【解析】句意：我很幸运有机会参观这座以历史建筑和精美艺术品闻名的古城。 artwork 表示“艺术品”，此处用复数形式。故答案为artworks。 9. Many travellers hope to e______________ the ancient stone forests in Yunnan. 【答案】explore 【解析】句意：许多游客希望探索云南的古石林。 hope to do 结构中需要动词原形，explore表示“探索”。故答案为explore。 10. I didn’t receive your ______________ (信息) until this morning. 【答案】message 【解析】句意：直到今天早上我才收到你的信息。 message表示“信息”，符合语境。故答案为message。 11. The ______________ (in the centre of an area) square of the city is a popular place for people to relax. 【答案】central 【解析】句意：市中心的广场是人们放松的热门地点。central 是形容词，表示“中心的”。故答案为central。 12. ______________ (水彩) painting is a relaxing and creative hobby, and you don’t need to be an expert to create beautiful things. 【答案】Watercolour 【解析】句意：水彩画是一种放松且有创造力的爱好，你不需要是专家就能创作出美丽的作品。 watercolour painting表示“水彩画”，句首首字母要大写。故答案为Watercolour。 13. The game show is so meaningless. I like to watch something ______________ (教育的). 【答案】educational 【解析】句意：这个综艺节目太没意义了。我喜欢看一些有教育意义的东西。此处需要一个形容词修饰“something”，“教育的”对应“educational”。故答案为educational。 14. Many young people ______________ (like better) to travel by high-speed train because it’s fast and comfortable. 【答案】prefer 【解析】句意：许多年轻人更喜欢乘坐高铁旅行，因为它又快又舒适。 “更喜欢”是“prefer”，主语是复数，用原形即可。故答案为prefer。 15. I deeply a______________ the local artists for their amazing skills in making paper-cutting works. 【答案】admire 【解析】句意：我深深钦佩当地艺术家在制作剪纸作品时的惊人技艺。“钦佩”是“admire”，主语是第一人称，用原形。故答案为admire。 16. What other people think of you is none of your b______________ . 【答案】business 【解析】句意：别人怎么看你与你无关（不是你的事）。“none of your business”是固定短语，意为“不关你的事”。故答案为business。 17. Scientists are studying the ______________ (the area where a person was born) of these rare birds to understand their needs. 【答案】birthplaces 【解析】句意：科学家正在研究这些稀有鸟类的出生地，以了解它们的需求。“the area where a person was born（一个人出生的地区）”是“birthplace”，这里指多个鸟类的出生地，用复数。故答案为birthplaces。 18. The high glass bridge can ______________ (使害怕) people who are afraid of heights, but the view is really amazing. 【答案】scare 【解析】句意：高高的玻璃桥可能会吓到恐高的人，但景色真的很棒。“使害怕”是“scare”，“can”后接动词原形。故答案为scare。 19. I have been to the Great Wall t______________, once with my parents and once with my classmates. 【答案】twice 【解析】句意：我去过长城两次，一次和父母，一次和同学。根据后文“once…once…”可知是“两次”，故答案为twice。 20. Lots of people come to Happy Hills to go on the ______________ /raɪdz/ and see the fun characters. 【答案】rides 【解析】句意：很多人来欢乐谷乘坐游乐设施，看有趣的角色。根据音标“/raɪd/”及语境，故答案为“rides”（游乐设施，复数）。 21. As the alarm sounded, the ______________ /ˈsəʊldʒəz/ quickly gathered at the square and prepared for the mission. 【答案】soldiers 【解析】句意：警报响起时，士兵们迅速在广场集合，准备执行任务。 根据音标“/ˈsəʊldʒəz/”，填“soldiers”（士兵，复数）。 22. Mr. Wang is a man of great ______________ (sth. that you get from reading and studying) who knows a lot about Chinese history. 【答案】learning 【解析】句意：王先生是一位学识渊博的人，对中国历史了解很多。通过英文释义 “sth. that you get from reading and studying（你从阅读和学习中得到的东西）”可知，缺少单词为知识、学问。答案为learning。 23. If you don’t like this travel plan, we have another good ______________ for you. 【答案】choice 【解析】句意：如果你不喜欢这个旅行计划，我们还有另一个不错的选择。“another good”后接名词，故答案为choice（选择）。 24. Many famous u______________ in Beijing open their campuses to visitors on weekends. 【答案】universities 【解析】句意：北京许多著名大学在周末向游客开放校园。根据语境，答案为universities（大学，复数）。 三、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 2029 National Games will __1__________ (happy) welcome guests from across the nation. When people arrive, they will find out __2__________ special and amazing Hunan is! As __3__________ (one) central province to host this event, Hunan will be discovered as a land where yesterday and tomorrow shake hands with joy. Hunan’s nature takes your breath away. Many visitors go to Zhangjiajie __4__________ (see) its tall green mountains. Families often walk along the Xiang River, enjoying boats that are just like white birds or sunny days. History lives in every corner here. Yuelu Academy isn’t just old — it’s __5__________ (old) school in Hunan! In Hunan Museum, treasures __6__________ (rest) for over 2,000 years, telling stories through silk books and jade bowls. Food is a special part of Hunan life. People here love spicy food. You can find hot stinky tofu in street markets. Many people have rice noodles __7__________ breakfast. These foods taste really delicious. At night, Changsha’s streets shine with __8__________ (colour) lights. Young people meet in coffee shops to listen to music. Both old teahouses __9__________ new museums stand together, showing Hunan’s past and future. If people arrive for the Games, Hunan will __10__________ (happy) welcome guests from across the nation. 【答案】happily；how；the first；to see；the oldest；have rested；for；colourful；and；happily 【解析】本文主要介绍了湖南省的自然景观、历史文化、食物和人文风俗。 1. 句意：2029年全运会将愉快地欢迎来自全国各地的客人。此处修饰动词welcome（欢迎），应用副词，happy意为高兴的，是形容词，其副词是happily，意为高兴地，故填happily。 2. 句意：当人们到达时，他们会发现湖南是多么特别和神奇！此处是感叹句句式，how+形容词+（主谓）！，故填how。 3. 句意：作为第一个举办这次活动的中央省份，湖南将被发现是一片昨天和明天高兴地握手的土地。此处指第一个，应用序数词，one意为一个，是基数词，其序数词是first，意为第一，序数词前要加定冠词the，故填the first。 4. 句意：许多游客去张家界看它的高山。此处表示目的，应用动词不定式，see意为看，其不定式是to see，故填to see。 5. 句意：岳麓书院不只是古老——它是湖南最古老的学校！old意为古老的，是形容词，此处指最古老的，应用最高级，其最高级是oldest，意为最古老的，形容词最高级前要加定冠词the，故填the oldest。 6. 句意：在湖南博物馆，珍宝们已经休息了2000多年，通过丝绸书和玉碗讲述故事。rest意为休息，是动词，此处作谓语，根据时间状语for over 2000 years可知，应用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+过去分词，主语treasures是复数，所以应用have, rest的过去分词是rested，故填have rested。 7. 句意：很多人早餐吃米粉。for意为作为，have sth. for breakfast意为吃某物作为早餐，是固定搭配，故填for。 8. 句意：晚上，长沙的街道闪耀着五颜六色的灯光。colour意为颜色，是名词，此处修饰名词lights，应用形容词，colourful意为五颜六色的，是形容词，故填colourful。 9. 句意：旧茶馆和新博物馆并排而立，展示着湖南的过去和未来。both…and…意为两者都，是固定搭配，故填and。 10. 句意：如果人们来参加奥运会，湖南将高兴地欢迎全国各地的客人。happy意为高兴的，是形容词，此处修饰动词welcome（欢迎），应用副词，happily意为高兴地，是副词，故填happily。 第 1 页 共 12 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $