Unit 1Time to Relax. Section A Grammar Focus（4a-4c）导学案2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 1Time to Relax. Section A Grammar Focus（4a-4c）导学案 一、学习目标 1. 掌握动词不定式（to do）的三种核心用法：作宾语、宾语补足语、状语。 1. 能区分不定式在句中的不同成分，掌握常见固定搭配、否定形式和省略to的特殊用法。 1. 能在句子和语篇中正确运用不定式，提升语法运用的准确性。 1. 结合“休闲活动/爱好”话题，运用不定式表达想法、计划和感受，提升语用能力。 二、课前预习：语法梳理 1. 动词不定式基础用法（to do） 用法 结构/常见动词 例句 作宾语（动词后） want, decide, hope, plan, try, forget, remember, learn, agree I decided to give it a go.She wants to learn calligraphy. 作宾语补足语（补充说明宾语） ① 带to：ask/tell/encourage/want sb. to do② 省略to：let/make/have sb. do否定形式：tell/ask sb. not to do She told me not to give up.He let us go out to play. 作状语（表目的） do sth. to do I went to the centre to ice-skate. 2. 特殊用法&易错点 不定式否定形式：not to do（如：It’s important not to forget to relax.） 省略to的情况：let/make/have sb. do sth. 易混搭配：try to do（努力做）vs. forget to do（忘记要做） 三、课堂探究任务 Task 1 成分辨析：4a 识别不定式的功能 Read the sentences. Decide if each infinitive functions as an object, complement or adverbial. 句子 不定式 成分（O/OC/A） I play the flute to relax. to relax ______ I went to the sports centre to ice-skate. to ice-skate ______ I saw my mother paint. paint ______ I decided to give it a go. to give it a go ______ She told me not to give up so easily. not to give up ______ 规律总结： 不定式作状语，表目的时，常表示“为了做某事”，放在句末； 不定式作宾语，常跟在______（如want, decide）这类动词后； 不定式作宾语补足语，常跟在______（如tell, let）这类动词后，补充说明宾语的动作。 Task 2 句子运用：4b 完成对话 Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 1. A: Thanks for your advice! It made me ______ (decide) to try skiing. B: You’re welcome. Try ______ (forget) your fears and have fun! 2. A: My cousin often asks me ______ (fly) kites with her when it’s windy. B: That sounds fun! I’d love to watch you ______ (fly) kites sometime. 3. A: I love to watch kung fu movies ______ (relax). B: Really? When I want ______ (relax), I watch animal videos. 4. A: My parents told me ______ (not push) myself too hard. B: Yes, it’s important ______ (not forget) to relax once in a while. 核对答案&解析： 1. make sb. ______（省略to）；try ______（to do） 2. ask sb. ______（to do）；watch sb. ______（省略to） 3. ______（to do，表目的）；want ______（to do） 4. tell sb. ______（not to do）；it’s important ______（not to do） Task 3 语篇运用：4c 完成短文 Complete the passage with the infinitive forms of the verbs in the box. (not) come do listen play spend stay watch My twin brother and I look alike, but we are so different. I love sport, and I often meet my friends ______ football and tennis. My brother joined us to play football once or twice, but he decided ______ after that. He doesn’t like sport very much! Instead, he likes ______ at home and ______ movies, ______ to music, and chat with friends online. Our parents were worried about him staying home too much. They also wanted us ______ more time together as a family. So now they let us ______ our favourite activities on Saturdays, but on Sundays, we go on a family outing together! 四、专项强化练习 基础巩固练（辨析&填空） 1. 单项选择 1. I want ______ a new hobby this year. A. to try B. try C. trying 2. My teacher told me ______ late for class again. A. not be B. not to be C. to not be 3. The music made me ______ relaxed. A. feel B. to feel C. feeling 4. She goes to the library ______ books every weekend. A. read B. to read C. reading 5. It’s important ______ a balanced life. A. have B. to have C. having 2. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. He decided ______ (learn) to play the guitar. 2. Let me ______ (help) you with your homework. 3. My mom encourages me ______ (not give up) when I meet difficulties. 4. She practices the piano every day ______ (become) a good player. 5. I hope ______ (go) to the park with my friends this weekend. 能力提升练（句子改写&语篇） 3. 句子改写（用不定式改写） 1. I want to relax. I listen to music.（合并为一句，用不定式表目的） 2. “Don’t run in the hallways,” the teacher told us.（改为不定式结构） The teacher told us __________________________________________. 3. The movie made me cry.（改为被动句，用不定式） I was made __________________________________________. 4. 短文填空（用不定式完成） My weekend plan I have many things to do on weekends. I want ______ (finish) my homework first. Then I plan ______ (go) to the sports centre ______ (play) basketball with my friends. My parents ask me ______ (not stay) out too late. I also want ______ (learn) to cook with my mom. It’s important ______ (balance) study and rest! 拓展创新练（话题写作） 5. 写作任务：用不定式写5个句子，介绍你的爱好或周末计划 参考句型： I want/plan/hope to … I go to … to … My parents tell me to/not to … It’s important to … 参考答案 Task 1 成分辨析答案 1. A（状语） 2. A（状语） 3. OC（宾语补足语，watch sb. do省略to） 4. O（宾语） 5. OC（宾语补足语） Task 2 4b 答案 1. decide → decide（make sb. do省略to）；forget → to forget 2. fly → to fly；fly → fly（watch sb. do省略to） 3. relax → to relax（表目的）；relax → to relax 4. not push → not to push；not forget → not to forget Task 3 4c 答案 to play；not to come；to stay；watch；to listen；to spend；do（let us do省略to） 专项强化练习答案 1. 单项选择：1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B 2. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空： 1. to learn 2. help 3. not to give up 4. to become 5. to go 3. 句子改写： 1.I listen to music to relax. 2. not to run in the hallways 3. to cry 4. 短文填空： to finish；to go；to play；not to stay；to learn；to balance 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $