专题5 形容词和副词-【中考宝典】2026年英语总复习（深圳专用版）

新课标中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） 专题五 形容词和副词 思维导图 作定语 作表语 形容词 作补语 形容词和副词 规则变化 的比较等级 不规则变化 副词的变化 形容词和副词 原级用法 作状语 形容词和副词 比较级用法 作表语 副词的用法 副词 比较等级的用法 最高级用法 修饰动词、形容词、副词 副词的作用 修饰句子 课堂精讲 一、形容词的用法 1.形容词在句子中的作用 在句子中的作用 句中的位置 例句 You can see a lot of beautiful flowers in the garden. 位于名词之前，不定 你可以在花园里看到很多美丽的花。 作句子的定语 代词之后 I have nothing important to tell you. 我没什么重要的事情告诉你。 Your coat is too small..你的外套太小了。 作句子的表语 位于连系动词之后 She looks happy today..她今天看上去很开心。 The old woman keeps everything clean and tidy. 作宾语补足语 位于宾语之后 那个老太太把所有的东西都收拾得千净、整齐。 作主语补足语位于谓语之后 The prisoner was found dead in bed..那个囚犯被发现死在了床上a 2.形容词的其他用法 (1)形容词名词化：有些形容词前加定冠词th,表示一类人。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形 式。如： The old need more care and attention from society.老年人需要社会更多的关爱和照顾。 The sick were sent to the hospital immediately.病人们被立刻送往了医院。 (2)数词的复合词形式(“数词-名词”或“数词-名词-形容词”结构)作定语时需前置，结构中 的名词用单数，词与词之间加连字符。如： a five-minute walk一段五分钟的步行路程，atwo-meter-tall tree一棵两米高的树 (3)当形容词与表示空间、时间的单位连用时，形容词需置于单位之后。如： 1O0 miles long一百英里长，two metres high两米高，five metres deep五米深 (4)else要放在疑问代词或复合不定代词之后。 Did you see anybody else?你看到别的人了吗？ 136 第二部分基础语法考点精析 二、副词的用法 1.副词的变化规律 变化规则 例词 (1)直接由形容词加ly构成 sad一sadly，,quiet-一quietly,usual-一usually (2)以辅音字母加le结尾的，去掉e,再加y terrible-terribly,simple-simply,gentle-gently (3)以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i,再加-ly lucky-luckily,happy-happily,noisy-noisily true-truly,full-fully,basic-basically, (4)其他变化 scientific-scientifically 特别提醒： 英语中有些副词存在两种形式：一种与形容词同形（不带y),另一种是加y的副词。这两种 形式意义往往差异较大，具体如下： hard努力地—hardly几乎不 near近一nearly几乎 late晚，迟—lately近来 free免费地一freely自由地 high高地（指具体高度）一highly高度地（表抽象程度） deep深深地（指具体深度）一deeply深深地；深刻地（指抽象情感） wide宽地（指具体宽度或状态）一widely广泛地（表抽象范围） close靠近地；紧密地（指距离近）一closely密切地；仔细地（指抽象程度或关系） 2.副词的修饰作用 作用 例句 修饰动词 She sings beautifully.她唱歌唱得很动听。 修饰形容词 Reading is very important.阅读非常重要。 修饰副词 The car moved extremely slowly in the traffic jam.堵车时车开得极其慢。 修饰句子 Luckily,she didn't hurt badly.幸运的是，她伤得不严重。 提醒：副词修饰形容词或另一个副词时，通常位于所修饰的词之前，但enough例外 3.副词在句子中的作用 在句子中 句中的位置 例句 的作用 用作定语 位于中心词后面 the life here这里的生活 I must be off now.我现在必须得离开了。 用作表语 位于be动词后面 Is the fire out?火熄灭了吗？ 用作宾语 I found him downstairs.我发现他在楼下。 位于宾语后面 补足语 She left the lights on.她让灯开着。 用作主语 All the lights were left on all night. 位于谓语动词之后 补足语 所有的灯整夜都开着。 137 新课标中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） 续表 在句子中 句中的位置 例句 的作用 时间状语：She arrived yesterday.她昨天到了。 时间、地点、方式副 地点状语：He looked for his keys everywhere.他到处找钥匙。 词一般位于句末 方式状语：They solved the problem easily..他们轻松地解决了问题。 频率状语：She is always on time for class..她上课总是很准时。 用作状语 频率副词位于be He might never agree with this plan.他可能永远不会同意这个计划。 动词、情态动词及 He often goes to the gym.他经常去健身房a 第一个助动词之 后，行为动词之前 程度状语：She felt slightly nervous before the speech.演讲前她有点紧张。 She is old enough to go to school.她已经足够大了，可以去上学了。 三、形容词和副词的比较等级 1.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化规则 (1)规则变化 不同情况 变化规则 例词 一般情况 直接加-er,-est tall-taller-—tallest,fast一faster---fastest 以不发音的字母e结尾的词 加-r,-st nice-nicer-nicest,large-larger-largest dry-drier-driest, happy-happier-happiest, 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词 变y为i,再加-er,est early-earlier-earliest 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读 双写辅音字母，再加-er, thin-thinner-thinnest, 闭音节词 -est big—bigger-一biggest delicious-more delicious-most delicious, 多音节和部分双音节单词 在词前加more,most carefully-一more carefully-一most carefully (2)不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther(距离)/further(程度) farthest(距离)/furthest(程度) older(“年龄更大”或“更旧”)/ old oldest/eldest elder(家庭成员中年龄较长的) 2.形容词和副词原级的用法 结构 肯定形式：as+原级+as 否定形式：not+so/as+原级+as The room is as big as mine.那个房间和我的一样大。（肯定形式） 应用示例 English is not as/so difficult as science..英语没有科学难。（否定形式） She does not study as/so hard as I do.她学习不如我努力。（否定形式） 注意 s可以用于肯定句和否定句，s0只用于否定句 138 第二部分基础语法考点精析 3.形容词和副词的比较级用法 比较方式 结构 例句 She runs faster than her sister..她比她妹妹跑得快。 比较级+than, 两者的简单比较 Which subject is more difficult,math or physics? 选择疑问结构AorB 数学和物理，哪个科目更难？ She is three years older than her brother 两者量化比较，强调“A 数量/倍数+比较级 她比她弟弟大3岁。 比B多/大/高…多少 数量/几倍” +than... This building is twice taller than the library. 这栋楼比图书馆高两倍。 the+比较级+of Lucy is the taller of the twin sisters. 两者中较突出的一个 the two 露西是双胞胎姐妹中较高的那个。 比较级+and+比 The weather is getting warmer and warmer as spring comes. 表示程度加深，表示“越来 较级 春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和。 越”“越…就” The+比较级.，the The more beautiful the scenery is,the more tourists it attracts. +比较级… 风景越美，吸引的游客就越多。 比较级前用abit,a little,much,many,far,alot,still,even,any修饰程度，知： 拓展用法：比较级前加词 This dress is a bit cheaper than that one.这条裙子比那条稍微便宜，点。 修饰程度 They arrived much earlier than planned..他们到得比计划早得多。 4.1 形容词和副词最高级的用法 用法 例句 This painting is the most valuable of all. (1)形容词最高级前加the,副词最高级前面的the往 这幅画是所有画中最珍贵的。 往省略 He runs(the)fastest in his class..他在他的班里跑得最快 (2)“the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词+in/of+比 This river is the second longest waterway of the country. 较范围”结构用于表示“在…范围内是第…最 这条河是这个国家第二长的水道。 …的…” Paris is one of the most beautiful cities in Europe. (3)one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数+in/of+比 巴黎是欧洲最美丽的城市之一。 较范围，表示“在…范围内是最…的…之一” This is the most interesting book of the five. 这是五本书中最有趣的一本。 (4)This is the+形容词最高级+名词(that)I have This is the tallest building(that)I have ever seen. ever…,表示“这是我曾经…过的最…的.” 这是我曾经见过的最高的建筑。 5.在英语表达中，根据不同情境的需要，同一句话可用原级、比较级、最高级三种方式表达。 Jim is the tallest(boy)in our class.(最高级)Jim是我们班上最高的男孩。 =Jim is taller than any other boy in our class..（比较级)Jim比我们班上任何一个男孩都高。 =Jim is taller than the other boys in our class.(比较级)在我们班上Jim比其他的男孩都高。 =No one else in our class is as tall as Jim.(原级)我们班上没有人和Jim一样高。 139 新课标中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） 备考精练 一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1.The (many)vegetables he eats,the health)he will be. 2.She was too (tire)to go any (far）). 3.This story is as surprise)as that one. 4.A break)pencil is (use)for writing. 5.It's one of (famous)places of interest in France. 6.It's (polite)to talk (loud)in the library. 7.Killing endangered animals is (legal). 8.She sang for the baby gentle)to help him fall (sleep). 9.You should cross the street (careful)to stay safe. 10 (lucky),I found my (lose)keys under the sofa 11.This morning I got up (early)than usual to catch the first bus. 12.Mary was (terrible)angry with Tom. 13.To live a healthier life,we should eat (few)processed snacks and (little）fatty meat. 14.Alice sings good),and she sings well)than John,but Mary sings well)in the class. 15.Her (old)sister speaks slow)enough to make sure everyone understands her. 二、阅读理解。（2025·广东)】 Are mosquitoes driving you crazy? This summer,make some mint oil to drive them away! Mosquitoes are awful.They seem to be everywhere and may bite you badly.This makes mint()oil a perfect gift for your family and friends in summer.This weekend,you can try making mint oil FOR FREE. Time:9:00 a.m.-11:50 a.m.Saturday(July 5) Place:Riverside Community Center Please note: We'll get all the tools and materials ready. For 40 people only.First come,first served. To book a place for the activity,please call Lucy at 345878 by 7:00 p.m.Friday. For those who would like to practice it at home,here are the steps: ◆Cut up the mint.Put it into a bottle with olive(橄揽)oil. Cover the bottle and place it in hot water. 140 第二部分基础语法考点精析口 When the water cools down,move the bottle to a warm area and leave it there for at least two hours Pour the mixture onto a thin piece of cotton cloth on top of a dark bottle.Let the oil go through the cloth into the bottle.Now you get your homemade mint oil. )1.When will this community event take place? A.This Friday afternoon. B.Next Friday afternoon. C.This Saturday morning. D.Next Saturday morning. ()2.How many people can take part in the activity? A.At least forty. B.At least fifty. C.At most forty. D.At most fifty. ()3.Why would people call Lucy before the event? A.To win a gift. B.To book a place. C.To get mint oil. D.To buy some tools. ()4.What is the right order of the steps? ① ② ③ A.③→①→②→④B.②→④→①→③ C.②①③④D.③②→④→① ()5.What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To introduce an activity. B.To survey the users of a product. C.To recommend a product. D.To report the success of an activity. 三、语法填空。(2025·深圳南山模拟) DeepSeek is a technology company that has recently burst onto the scene.Since it started,the company create)many new products that make our lives easier.DecpSeek uses artificial intelligence(Al)to help people experience the future of technology.AI is the main technology behind 2. company.It helps machines do things 3. usually need human intelligence,like learning and solving problems. DeepSeek is 4. popular)than other Al apps in recent months.The company's products are 5. interesting that many people want to learn more about Al.Because of this,young people are becoming more interested 6.technology.Even those who didn't know much about AI before prefer 7. (try)it now. In fact,companies like DeepSeek can 8. call)leaders in the tech world nowadays.Using their products lets people see the 9. amaze)things technology can do-like making things faster,smarter and better. The future of technology is here,and we can all be part of it.10. we need to do is to show people how amazing it can be with new ideas and creative solutions. 141新课标中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） 课堂精讲 知识点一 DHe is a hard-working and honest boy. ②honesty ③dishonest 知识点二 ①A②B 知识点三 DSmoking can increase the risk of cancer. ②should be aware of 知识点四 ①onin 语法回顾 1.plays 2.visited 3.will hold 4.is singing 5.was doing 6.have finished 二、 1.are sure that 2.is glad that 3.are worried that 第二部分 基础语法考点精析 专题一名词 1.watches 2.knives 3.countries organizations 4.videos 5.toys 6.Giraffes necks leaves 7.boxes potatoes tomatoes 8.deer teeth 9.mice wolves 10.Englishmen Germans 11.sheep geese 12.women teachers girl students 13.heroes stories 14.Teachers'flowers 15.Tom's children's 16.Father's 17.feet 18.mother's 19.Chinese 20.citizens 二、 1.D2.B3.A4.C5.D 三、 1.because 2.playing 3.beauty 4.are connected 5.has formed 6.him 7.creative 8.performances 9.a 10.deeply 专题二冠词 一、 1.the 2.an a 3.the the 4.an /5.a thethe 6.The the 7.the a 8.the the 9./an 10.anan the 11.an a 12./the 13.a 14.an a 15.an a 16.the 17.The the 18.a 19.The the 20.a the 二、 1.A2.D3.F4.E5.B 三、 1.known 2.widely 3.twelfth 4.on 5.the 6.joyful 7.that 8.events 9.their 10.to experience 专题三代词 一、 1.my me 2.mine myself 3.our 4.Their ours 5.yourselves 6.mine yours 7.themselves 8.theirs 9.itself its 10.those 11.herself her their 12.myself 13.ourselves 14.us 15.it 二、 1.C2.B3.C4.C5.D 三、 1.herself 2.patiently 3.brought 4.interested 5.how 6.following 7.visitors 8.but 9.moments 10.the 专题四数词 一、 1.first 2.second 3.third 4.fifth 5.eighth 6.ninth 7.twelfth 8.thirtieth 9.twenty-first 10.fourths 11.Thousands 12.twice 13.twenty-fifth 14.thirties 15.forties 二、 1.E2.B3.F4.D5.A 三、 1.Technologies 2.be found 3.His 4.by 5.enjoyable 6.providing 7.has used 8.how 9.clearly 10.an 专题五形容词和副词 一、 1.more healthier 2.tired farther 3.surprising 4.broken useless 5.the most famous 6.impolite loudly 7.illegal 8.gently asleep 9.carefully 10.Luckily lost 11.earlier 12.terribly 13.fewer less 14.well better best 15.elder slowly 二、 1.C2.C3.B4.D5.A 14 三、 1.has created 2.the 3.that/which 4.more popular 5.so 6.in 7.to try 8.be called 9.amazing 10.What/All 专题六介词 一、 1.in with 2.of to 3.On for in 4.at on 5.in at on 6.to inin since 7.at off 8.between among 9.across through 10.up with 11.in at 12.on by 13.except for 14.off on 15.on about on 二、 1.F2.B3.A4.E5.D 三、 1.an 2.Chinese 3.fans 4.suddenly 5.was shocked 6.to explore 7.so 8.first 9.herself 10.in 专题七动词和动词短语 一、 1.apologize 2.mix compare 3.became died 4.speak explain 5.care act 6.perform impress 7.discover unlock 8.misunderstand 9.sleep wake 10.weigh 11.please 12.believe surprise 13.cross arrive 14.serve complain 15.succeed 二、 1.C2.C3.B4.C5.D 三、 1.and 2.what 3.was allowed 4.with 5.different 6.more difficult 7.to work 8.her 9.has invented 10.a 专题八动词时态和语态 一、 1.worries has 2.are singing 3.will come 4.will leave 5.rains will stay 6.stopped bought 7.were having 8.has gone 9.has written 10.are presented 11.were cleaned 12.will be built 13.is being made 14.hasn't been finished 15.be followed 二、 1.F2.E3.D4.C5.A 三、 1.at 2.his 3.watched 4.harmful 5.safety 6.because 7.researching 8.was invented 9.quickly 10.to share 参考答案 专题九非谓语动词 一、 1.to join 2.laughing 3.cleaning 4.to learn to practise 5.going 6.to carry 7.Smoking 8.to protect 9.to finish 10.learning 11.to decide 12.to make 13.swimming 14.broken repaired 15.not to talk 二、 1.A2.D3.B4.C5.A 三、 1.recently 2.is called 3.turns 4.interesting 5.are 6.taught 7.thankful 8.of 9.us 10.to create 专题十句子种类：简单句、 并列句与主从复合句 1.not to make 2.Why 3.smoking 4.How 5.and 6.or 7.but 8.nor 9.or 10.because 11.that 12.though/although 13.where 14.unless 15.if whether 二、 1.B2.C3.F4.E5.A 三、 1.an 2.its 3.was sent 4.better 5.healthily 6.spending 7.so 8.to join 9.volunteers 10.up 专题十一主谓一致 1.is 2.has 3.is 4.are having 5.feels 6.is 7.are playing 8.was eaten 9.are 10.is 11.is 12.are 13.is/was 14.is 15.made 一、 1.A2.D3.B4.C5.D 三、 1.carefully 2.a 3.parts 4.came 5.in 6.protecting 7.and 8.reported 9.their 10.pride 第三部分中考题型专项突破 题型一完形填空 备考精练 完形填空（一） 1.B2.D3.A4.A5.C6.A7.B8.C9.C 10.D