Unit 2 Great inventions and discoveries 单元提升卷-2025-2026学年沪教版（五四学制）八年级英语下册（ 上海专用）

Unit 2 Great inventions and discoveries 单元提升卷

2026年8年级下学期英语

（沪教版五四学制2024版上海专用）

(总分：100分，考试时间：90分钟)

姓名：________ 班级：________ 学号：________ 得分：________

 

 Part 2 Grammar and Vocabulary (第二部分 语法与词汇)

 II. Grammar and Vocabulary (10 points)

Complete the passage using the correct choices. (语法填空)

When we think of great inventions, the wheel, the telephone, or the computer often come to mind. However, some of the most amazing discoveries happened ___1___ accident. Take penicillin (青霉素) for example. In 1928, a Scottish scientist, Alexander Fleming, was cleaning up his messy lab before going on holiday. He noticed that a strange mould had grown on some bacteria dishes he had left out. ___2___ his surprise, the mould had killed the bacteria around it. Fleming realized this mould could ___3___ be a powerful medicine.

Before this discovery, there were no effective treatments for many serious illnesses caused by bacteria. A simple infection could change the ___4___ of a person’s life, or even end it. Fleming’s discovery was just the beginning. Years later, other scientists took a ___5___ look at his work. They found a way to produce large quantities of the medicine, which is now known as penicillin. It was ___6___ used in hospitals to treat wounded soldiers during World War II. This discovery has since saved millions of lives. It is considered one of the greatest medical breakthroughs in history. Because of his great work, Fleming ___7___ the Nobel Prize in 1945, which he shared with two other scientists. Today, we can still see the original mould sample Fleming kept, ___8___ it is preserved in a museum in London. This story shows us that sometimes, great discoveries need not only a sharp eye, ___9___ a prepared mind. That’s ___10___ Alexander Fleming did. He saw something unexpected and took the time to understand it.

 

 1. A. in      B. by      C. for

 2. A. In      B. At      C. To

 3. A. must    B. might        C. can

 4. A. course   B. cause       C. cost

 5. A. close    B. closer       C. closely

 6. A. wide    B. widely       C. width

 7. A. awards  B. was awarding  C. was awarded

 8. A. and     B. but          C. or

 9. A. but also  B. or           C. besides

 10. A. what   B. that          C. which

 

 III. Cloze with word bank (8 points)

(A)

Read the passage and choose the correct words from the box to fill in the blanks. (阅读短文，从方框中选择合适的词填空，每词限用一次，有一个多余选项)

A. number      B. disappointed     C. successful      D. secretaries     E. achieve

Over the past ten or twenty years, China has become the center of the world’s economy. There are all types of __1__ dustries in China. That’s why more and more people come to China to __2__ success outside their home countries’ borders.

China’s popularity as a business center has encouraged non-Chinese to learn the language. Since much of we buy today is made in China, many company bosses want __3__ and other personnel who can speak not only English but also Chinese. This shows how far China has grown. As a result, the __4__ of Chinese speakers has grown a lot over the years.

 

A. ancient     B. consider         C. purposes        D. pale          E. require

While many people start learning a language for business ___5___ some of them learn it get a better understanding of the country’s culture and people. China has one of the long distories in the world as well as a special culture and __6__ traditions. It’s not surprising the people are attracted to China to enjoy the rich culture it has to offer.

So, if foreigners are thinking about learning a new language, they should __7__ learning Chinese. But it’s not an easy language to learn. In many ways, it is certain to __8__ much your

energy and efforts learning Chinese. You wouldn’t have too much trouble finding a job if you can speak and write Chinese!

 

 IV. Word Formation (8 points)

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets. (用所给单词的适当形式填空)

1.  After years of hard work, they finally achieved their _______ (goal).

2.  Tu Youyou’s _______ (discover) of artemisinin saved countless lives.

3.  The wheel is one of the most important _______ (invent) in human history.

4.  The scientist made his _______ (present) at the international conference.

5.  She is a very _______ (create) artist who always has new ideas.

6.  Alexander Fleming made his famous discovery _______ (accident).

7.  This new machine can work _______ (automatic) without human control.

8.  We should give them a very warm _______ (welcome).

 

 V. Sentence Pattern Transformation (14 points)

Rewrite the sentences as required. (按要求改写句子)

1.  The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell. (改为一般疑问句)

    _______ the telephone _______ by Alexander Graham Bell?

2.  The invention of the Internet is a great achievement. (改为感叹句)

    _______ _______ great achievement the invention of the Internet is!

3.  There was nothing interesting in the museum, _______ _______? (改为反义疑问句)

4.  He was so careless that he forgot to turn off the lab equipment. (改为同义句)

    He was _______ careless _______ forget to turn off the lab equipment.

5.  “Can you help clean up the lab after the experiment?” the teacher asked Tom. (改为宾语从句)

    The teacher asked Tom _______ he _______ help clean up the lab after the experiment.

6.  People widely use penicillin to treat bacterial infections. (改为被动语态)

    Penicillin _______ widely _______ to treat bacterial infections.

7.  (连词成句)all students, from,should, their phones, at lunch,we, ban, using, .

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