精品解析：上海市普陀区2025-2026学年八年级下学期阶段自测 英语

上海市普陀区2025-2026学年八年级下学期期中考试 英语试卷 (时间90分钟，满分100分) Part 2 Grammar and Vocabulary（第二部分 语法和词汇）(共25分) I. Choose the best answer. (选择最恰当的答案) (10分) The Story of Cai Lun — The Father of Paper Cai Lun was ____1____ important official in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He was very curious about how people recorded information in ancient times. At that time, most people wrote on animal bones or silk, but these materials were either too heavy or too expensive. Cai Lun preferred natural and cheap materials ____2____ expensive and rare ones. He began to find a new method of making writing materials. He spent years studying different plants and materials. ____3____ his early experiments all failed, he never gave up. He kept trying various materials such as fishnet and old rags (破布). One day, Cai Lun discovered that ____4____ these materials with water could create paper, something useful and cheap. Filled with excitement, he immediately started to improve his technique. He wanted to make paper ____5____ everyone could afford it. Finally, in 105 AD, Cai Lun succeeded. He presented his invention to the emperor. ____6____ great invention it was! The emperor was very pleased and praised him. Cai Lun's invention soon spread across China. Paper became ____7____ popular that more and more people learned to read and write. This greatly helped the development of Chinese culture. Nothing ____8____ the world more than Cai Lun's invention. Even today, we still use paper in our daily life. Whoever learns about Cai Lun's story will admire ____9____ talent in inventing paper. His spirit encourages us ____10____ challenges bravely. 1. A. a B. an C. the 2. A. for B. to C. than 3. A. Although B. Because C. Unless 4. A. mix B. to mix C. mixing 5. A. when B. since C. so that 6. A. What a B. What C. How 7. A. so B. too C. such 8. A. is changing B. has changed C. was changing 9. A. his B. him C. himself 10. A. face B. facing C. to face 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了东汉官员蔡伦改进造纸术的故事，介绍了他发明廉价实用纸张的过程，以及这一发明对中国文化乃至世界的深远影响。 【1题详解】 句意：蔡伦是东汉时期的一位重要官员。 important以元音音素开头，前面用不定冠词an；a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，the表示特指，均不符合此处用法。 【2题详解】 句意：蔡伦更喜欢自然且便宜的材料，而不是昂贵且稀有的材料。 “prefer A to B”是固定搭配，意为“比起B更喜欢A”；for和 than均不能与prefer构成此搭配。 【3题详解】 句意：虽然他的早期实验都失败了，但他从未放弃。 前后句为转折关系，用Although引导让步状语从句；Because表原因，Unless表条件，均不符合逻辑。 【4题详解】 句意：有一天，蔡伦发现把这些材料和水混合可以造出既有用又便宜的纸。 此处需要动名词作句子主语，“mixing these materials...”符合语法；mix是动词原形，to mix是不定式，均不能直接作主语。 【5题详解】 句意：他想制造纸张以便每个人都能买得起。 此处表目的，用“so that”引导目的状语从句；when表时间，since表原因或时间，均不符合语境。 【6题详解】 句意：这是一个多么伟大的发明啊！ 此处是感叹句，中心词是可数名词单数invention，用“What a”引导；What后接复数或不可数名词，How后接形容词或副词，均不符合。 【7题详解】 句意：纸变得如此受欢迎，以至于越来越多的人学会了读写。 “so...that...”是固定结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，so后接形容词popular；too表“太”，such后接名词，均不符合此结构。 【8题详解】 句意：没有什么比蔡伦的发明更能改变世界了。 此处表示过去的发明对现在的持续影响，用现在完成时“has changed”；“is changing”是现在进行时，“was changing”是过去进行时，均不符合语境。 【9题详解】 句意：任何了解蔡伦故事的人都会钦佩他在发明纸张方面的才华。 此处修饰名词talent，用形容词性物主代词his；him是宾格，himself是反身代词，均不能修饰名词。 【10题详解】 句意：他的精神鼓励我们勇敢地面对挑战。 “encourage sb to do sth”是固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，此处用“to face”；face是动词原形，facing是动名词，均不符合此搭配。 III. Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once. 将下列单词或词组的选项填入空格。每空限填一词，每词只能填一次 A. ancient B. value C. excited D. treat E. achievement F. spare I work as a volunteer at the Coin Museum in my ____11____ time. It is my daily job to introduce different coins to visitors. Coins here are from different dynasties. I often talk about Kaiyuan Tongbao, a round coin with a square hole in the centre. Though it looks simple, collectors ____12____ it a lot for its long history and beautiful meaning. Besides Kaiyuan Tongbao, there are many other famous ____13____ coins in China, such as Wu Zhu. Nowadays, people usually ____14____ these old coins as art, not just as money. There are also modern coins from other countries. They have different shapes and pictures of famous people or animals. This work deepens my understanding of history and brings me a strong sense of ____15____. I truly enjoy sharing the stories behind these small coins. 【答案】11. F 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. E 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述作者在业余时间担任钱币博物馆志愿者，介绍古今钱币，了解历史文化，收获成就感，并乐于分享钱币背后的故事。 【11题详解】 句意：我在业余时间在硬币博物馆做志愿者。“spare time”是固定短语，意为“业余时间”，符合“志愿者工作的时间背景”的语境，应填F。 【12题详解】 句意：虽然它看起来简单，但收藏家们非常珍视它，因为它悠久的历史和美好的寓意。“value”在此处为动词，意为“珍视、重视”，符合“收藏家对古币的态度”的语境，应填B。 【13题详解】 句意：除了开元通宝，中国还有许多其他著名的古币，比如五铢钱。此处需形容词修饰“coins”，“ancient”意为“古代的”，符合“开元通宝、五铢钱的属性”的语境，应填A。 【14题详解】 句意：如今，人们通常把这些古币当作艺术品，而不仅仅是钱。“treat...as...”是固定短语，意为“把……当作……”，符合“现代对古币的认知”的语境，应填D。 【15题详解】 句意：这份工作加深了我对历史的理解，并给我带来强烈的成就感。“a sense of achievement”是固定短语，意为“成就感”，符合“志愿者工作带来的感受”的语境，应填E。 IV. Complete the dialogue as required. (按要求完成对话) (10分) At the beginning of the new semester, during art class, Lily and Ben are discussing their favourite world-famous paintings. Lily: Hi, Ben! Our art teacher mentions we’ll learn about world-famous paintings this term. Do you have a favourite one? Ben: Yes, I really love Mona Lisa by Da Vinci. ____16____? (询问对方最喜欢的画) Lily: Mine is Along the River During the Qingming Festival (《清明上河图》). It’s a great Chinese painting. Why do you like Mona Lisa so much? Ben: ____17____. (根据上下文给出理由) The woman’s soft smile and the use of light make it full of mystery. Lily: Um...you like it for being amazing, and it’s mysterious because of the soft smile and lighting. ____18____? (寻求确认) Ben: Yes, that’s correct! Besides, I think Chinese paintings focus more on showing feelings and scenery, while Western ones pay more attention to details and realism. Lily: ____19____. (表示赞同) By the way, would you like to visit an exhibition of Chinese and Western famous paintings with me? Ben: Yes, I’d love to. Lily: Perfect! Let’s meet at the museum gate at 9 a.m. this Saturday, ____20____? (反意疑问句) Ben: Sure! See you then! 【答案】16. What’s your favourite painting 17. Because it is amazing 18. Is that right/Do you think so 19. I agree with you 20. shall we 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述新学期美术课上，Lily和Ben谈论各自最喜欢的世界名画，交流喜欢的理由、中西绘画的区别，并相约周六一起去参观名画展览。 【16题详解】 下文Lily回答自己最喜欢的画是《清明上河图》，此处Ben需询问对方最喜欢的画，应填What’s your favourite painting。 【17题详解】 上文Lily问“为什么喜欢《蒙娜丽莎》”，下文Ben提到“女人的微笑和光线运用充满神秘感”，此处需给出喜欢的理由，应填Because it is amazing。 【18题详解】 下文Ben回应“Yes, that’s correct”，此处Lily需寻求确认，应填Is that right/Do you think so。 【19题详解】 上文Ben对比中西绘画特点，此处Lily需表示赞同，应填I agree with you。 【20题详解】 上文Lily提议“周六9点在博物馆门口见面”，此处需用反意疑问句确认，应填shall we。 Part 3 Reading and Writing（第三部分 读写） V. Reading comprehension. (阅读理解) (共35分) A. Read the passage and complete the task. (阅读短文，选择最恰当的答案) (共5分) There are five descriptions of money plans (A-E). Great ways to manage your money A. The Lion Account It’s perfect for your life after you finish your career. You must not touch your money for ten full years, but we will tell you exactly how much money you will make when the time is up. B. The Green Plan Help the environment! We only give money to companies that plant trees and look after animals. This is a slow plan for the future, and remember that the final amount is never completely sure. C. The Red Fund Great for people who want to buy and sell on an app. You can support the newest software and computer makers. The prices change quickly, so you could win or lose a lot! D. The Spring Account Keep what you earn 100% protected. You won’t get much, but it won’t cost you anything if you need to use your cash right away for a sudden situation. E. The Mountain Group Are you new to managing money? Let our great team do the hard work for you! We put your savings into a careful mix of places. This is a great way to keep everything quite safe. Task: The people below all want to find a good place to put their money. Decide which plan would be the most suitable for each person. ____21____ Sarah needs a very safe place for her savings. In an emergency, she must be able to get her cash back on the same day without paying the bank for it. ____22____ David cares a lot about the Earth. He wants to support businesses that keep the air and water clean. He plans to wait a long time, and he is okay if the value changes a bit from time to time. ____23____ Elena has some extra (额外的) money but is a beginner. She wants a clever person to make the choices. She hopes to put her money into several different types of shops or factories to lower the danger. ____24____ Mark is very interested in the internet and modern machines. He wants to make more money fast and is happy to take a big risk. He prefers to do everything on his smartphone. ____25____ Anna will finish her job next year because she is getting older. She is ready to put her money away for 120 months. She needs a clear promise about the exact number she will get at the end. 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. E 24. C 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文先给出了5种不同的理财计划（A-E），每种都有明确的特点、适合人群和风险收益特征，然后帮不同需求的人找到最合适的理财方案。 【21题详解】 Sarah需要非常安全的储蓄方式，并且紧急情况可以当天取回现金，不用付银行费用。对应选项D“The Spring Account. Keep what you earn 100% protected. You won’t get much, but it won’t cost you anything if you need to use your cash right away for a sudden situation.”，描述中提到“收益100%受保护，紧急情况立刻用钱也不会有任何损失”。 【22题详解】 David关心地球，想支持环保企业，愿意长期等待，能接受价值小幅波动。对应选项B“The Green Plan. Help the environment! We only give money to companies that plant trees and look after animals. This is a slow plan for the future, and remember that the final amount is never completely sure.”，描述中提到“支持环保企业，长期投资，最终金额不完全确定”。 【23题详解】 Elena理财新手，希望专业人士帮忙选择，把钱分散投资降低风险。对应选项E“The Mountain Group. Are you new to managing money? Let our great team do the hard work for you! We put your savings into a careful mix of places. This is a great way to keep everything quite safe.”，描述中提到“新手友好，团队帮忙打理，分散投资保障安全”。 【24题详解】 Mark对互联网和现代设备感兴趣，想快速赚大钱，愿意承担高风险，喜欢用智能手机操作。对应选项C“The Red Fund. Great for people who want to buy and sell on an app. You can support the newest software and computer makers. The prices change quickly, so you could win or lose a lot!”，描述中提到“支持在APP上交易，投资软件和计算机公司，价格波动大，高风险高回报”。 【25题详解】 Anna即将退休，准备把钱存120 个月（10年），需要明确知道最终能拿到多少钱。对应选项A“The Lion Account. It’s perfect for your life after you finish your career. You must not touch your money for ten full years, but we will tell you exactly how much money you will make when the time is up.”，描述中提到“适合退休生活，10年内不能动钱，到期能明确知道收益”。 B. Choose the best answer. (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) (5分) Have you ever felt excited about very cheap and fashionable clothes in shops every few weeks? You can update your wardrobe(更新你的衣橱) without spending too much money. But have you ever stopped to think: Why are these clothes so cheap? The answer lies in something called “fast fashion”. “Fast fashion” refers to how the clothing industry produces a lot of cheap clothes and gets them to stores every few weeks. The low prices let shoppers buy new clothes all the time. However, many of these clothes quickly wear out or go out of style. Their price tags also do not include the environmental costs behind them. “The problem starts with how we think about fashion,” says Kirsi, a fashion researcher. “Nowadays, most people own too many clothes. They wear them for a very short time and then throw them away,” she says. Even if a piece of clothing stays in your wardrobe for years, you might only wear it about 40 times. Besides, “fast fashion” pollutes the environment seriously. A study by Kirsi’s team found that the fashion industry leads to 8 to 10% of global carbon waste (全球碳排放) and 20% of the world’s water pollution from factories. When you buy a new fast-fashion shirt, you are not just paying money to the shop. You are also making pollution worse. You waste energy in transportation and create rubbish when your shirt is worn out and thrown away. The “low cost” of the shirt is actually paid by our Earth. It is really attractive for us to get bargains easily. But just like there is no “free lunch” in the world, the low prices of fast fashion bring a heavy cost to the Earth. We should not only look for the cheapest clothes. Instead, we can think about the real cost of the things we buy — for our money and for our Earth. 26. “Fast fashion” is _________. A. a popular idea of buying many clothes and throwing them away B. a business way of quickly making and selling lots of cheap clothes C. a shopping habit of buying new clothes with very little money D. a kind of clothing that breaks easily and goes out of style 27. Why does the writer mention “you might only wear it about 40 times” in Paragraph 3? A. To teach us how to wear clothes more often. B. To explain clothes can be kept for many years. C. To tell us to clean our wardrobe regularly. D. To show we wear clothes for a very short time. 28. Which of the following is NOT true when you buy a new fast-fashion shirt? A. You make pollution worse. B. Energy is wasted in transportation. C. Rubbish is created by the shop. D. You pay money to the shop. 29. The underlined word “bargains” means “_________”. A. cheap goods B. affordable clothes C. different samples D. formal agreements 30. What does the writer want to tell us? A. To let people care more about the environment. B. To tell people to think carefully before buying clothes. C. To ask experts to work out environmental problems. D. To tell fashion industry to protect our Earth. 【答案】26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了“快时尚”现象，即服装行业快速生产大量低价衣物，并频繁更新款式，使得消费者能不断购买新衣，揭开快时尚服装行业“价格低廉”的背后造成的环境问题。 【26题详解】 本题问快时尚的定义，根据文章第二段“‘Fast fashion’ refers to how the clothing industry produces a lot of cheap clothes and gets them to stores every few weeks. The low prices let shoppers buy new clothes all the time.”可知，快时尚是大量生产和销售便宜衣服的行业。 【27题详解】 根据文章第三段“Nowadays, most people own too many clothes. They wear them for a very short time and then throw them away.”可知，作者举例说一件衣服在衣橱很多年，可能也只会穿40次左右，是为了说明“大多数人有很多衣服，并且只会穿很短的一段时间就扔掉了。” 【28题详解】 本题为选非题，文章第四段详细说明了快时尚消费行为对环境带来的影响，根据“You are also making pollution worse.”、“You waste energy in transportation...”和“you are not just paying money to the shop...”可知，快时尚行为“加剧了污染”、“运输过程中浪费了能源”、“不只付钱给店铺（即给店铺付了钱）”，文章并没有提及“店铺产生垃圾”。 【29题详解】 根据文章第五段“the low prices of fast fashion bring a heavy cost to the Earth.”可知，“bargains”是以便宜的价格买到的商品。 【30题详解】 根据文章最后一段“But just like there is no ‘free lunch’ in the world, the low prices of fast fashion bring a heavy cost to the Earth. We should not only look for the cheapest clothes. Instead, we can think about the real cost of the things we buy — for our money and for our Earth.”可知，作者写文章的目的是通过揭示快时尚的环境代价，引导读者在购买衣物时做出更理性、负责任的选择。 C. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage. (选择最恰当的单词或短语完成短文) (12分) For thousands of years, people have tried to find ways to keep food for longer. In the past, people needed to save fresh food for times when it was ____31____ to find, such as the winter. The problem is that all food can grow bacteria (细菌) and it makes food go bad. To store food, you have to stop the bacteria from growing. Drying Drying is the oldest ____32____ of food storage. Without water in the food, the bacteria can’t grow. In ancient times in hot countries, people simply left fruit and meat outside in the sun and the wind until all its natural water was gone. Drying fruit sometimes produces a completely new kind of food. ____33____, grapes turn into raisins (葡萄干). Salting Bacteria cannot grow in a very salty environment. In many countries, salted fish or meat has become a traditional food and people still eat it today. For example, in Portugal the national dish is salted cod fish (鳕鱼), and although people could buy fresh fish, they ____34____ to eat the salty fish. Canning In 1809, an inventor named Nicolas Appert discovered a more modern way to make food last longer. He found that heating food and then sealing (密封) it makes the food last for months. This is because the bacteria are killed at high ____35____ and cannot grow again without air. Freezing In the 1900s a scientist called Clarence Birdseye went to the Arctic. He noticed that fish froze quickly after he caught it. Months later, when he cooked the fish, it still tasted fresh. He realised that freezing food ____36____ the growth of bacteria. He invented a way of fast-freezing food. Frozen food was first sold in 1930 and was very popular, especially in North America. 31. A. convenient B. possible C. difficult D. cheap 32. A. type B. result C. reason D. chance 33. A. After all B. For example C. In addition D. At first 34. A. prefer B. forget C. prepare D. require 35. A. degrees B. speeds C. temperatures D. levels 36. A. let down B. turned down C. put down D. slowed down 【答案】31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了从古至今为延长食物保质期，发展出的四种主要食物储存方法（干燥、腌制、罐装、冷冻），并解释了每种方法抑制细菌生长、防止食物变质的原理，展现了人们在食物保存技术上的探索与进步。 【31题详解】 句意：在过去，人们需要保存新鲜食物，以备像冬天这样难以获取食物的时候。 根据上下文，保存食物是为了应对食物短缺的时期，因此difficult“困难的”最符合语境。 【32题详解】 句意：干燥是最古老的食物储存方式 。 “type of food storing”表示 “食物储存的方式/类型”，符合段落主题。 【33题详解】 句意：例如，葡萄会变成葡萄干。 前文提到“干燥水果有时会变成一种全新的食物”，后文用葡萄干的例子来证明，因此用For example”例如”。 【34题详解】 句意：尽管人们可以买到新鲜鱼，但他们更喜欢吃咸鱼。 根据“salt fish has become a traditional food” 可知，咸鱼是传统食物，人们有食用的偏好，因此用prefer“更喜欢”。 【35题详解】 句意：这是因为细菌在高温下会被杀死，没有空气就无法再次生长。 罐头的原理是高温灭菌，high temperatures”高温” 是固定搭配。 【36题详解】 句意：他意识到冷冻食物会减缓细菌的生长。 根据常识，低温会抑制细菌繁殖，slowed down“减缓” 符合这一逻辑。 D. Answer the questions (根据以下内容回答问题) (13分) Each day after school when other boys play soccer or ride bikes, Theo goes to the art museum. Everyone he knows thinks this is strange, even his own family. He has no friends at school. The paintings in the museum are Theo’s friends. Today, Theo rushes to the museum after school because a new exhibition is opening—The Mountain Landscapes of Zayan Khan. Each painting in the exhibition shows a different mountain. Theo sits on a bench and looks at one painting. He likes the heavy black lines of the mountain and the pale blue sky, so he takes out his notebook and begins to draw. People come and go from the small gallery, but Theo sits for a long time. After a while, there is only one other man left in the gallery. Later, the man stands up and seems to leave, but he stops next to Theo. Theo’s painting shows a mountain from very far away with a lot of space around it. “That’s an interesting way of looking at things,” the man comments. Theo is shocked. He never shows his artwork to anyone because he worries that it isn’t good. “I like your lines and shadows,” the man adds. “I like to do that, too.” Theo notices the man’s hands are dirty with paint. In his jacket pocket, there are several colored pencils and a paintbrush. He is holding an old notebook with his name on the front. “You are Zayan Khan!” Theo cries out. He can’t believe he is talking to the famous artist. “That’s right,” Zayan Khan replies. “I’m Theo. One day, I want to be an artist like you,” Theo tells him. Zayan Khan shakes his head. He points to Theo’s notebook. “_________,” he says. Theo is speechless with happiness. He does not say anything else, and neither does Zayan Khan. They just sit quietly in the room, drawing together with friends. 37. What does Theo do every day after school? ___________________________ 38. Why does Theo take out his notebook and begin to draw? ___________________________ 39. What does Theo show in his painting? ___________________________ 40. How does Theo know the man is the famous artist, Zayan Khan? Give two clues (线索) from the story. ___________________________ 41. What does Zayan probably say to Theo? Fill in the blank with one sentence. ___________________________ 42. After this meeting, do you think Theo will show his drawings to his schoolmates? Why or why not? ___________________________ 【答案】37. He goes to the art museum every day after school. 38. Because he likes the heavy black lines of the mountain and the pale blue sky in the painting. 39. He shows a mountain from very far away with a lot of space around it. 40. ①The man’s hands are dirty with paint, and he has colored pencils and a paintbrush in his pocket. ②He is holding an old notebook with Zayan Khan’s name on the front. 41. I think you are already an artist, Theo 42. Yes, I think he will. Because Zayan Khan’s praise gives him confidence, and he will no longer worry that his drawings aren’t good. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Theo遇到偶像Zayan Khan，受到对方的鼓励，二人共同画画的故事。 【37题详解】 根据第1段中的“Each day after school when other boys play soccer or ride bikes, Theo goes to the art museum.”可知，他每天放学后去美术博物馆。 【38题详解】 根据第2段中的“He likes the heavy black lines of the mountain and the pale blue sky, so he takes out his notebook and begins to draw.”可知，因为他喜欢山上厚重的黑线和淡蓝色的天空。 【39题详解】 根据第3段中的“Theo’s painting shows a mountain from very far away with a lot of space around it.”可知，他从很远的地方展示了一座周围有很多空间的山。 【40题详解】 根据第7段中的“Theo notices the man’s hands are dirty with paint. In his jacket pocket, there are several colored pencils and a paintbrush. He is holding an old notebook with his name on the front.”可知，Theo注意到那人的手被颜料弄脏了。在他的夹克口袋里，有几支彩色铅笔和一把画笔。他拿着一本正面有他名字的旧笔记本。 【41题详解】 根据第10段“‘I’m Theo. One day, I want to be an artist like you,’ Theo tells him.”和最后1段中的“Theo is speechless with happiness…They just sit quietly in the room, drawing together with friends.”可知，前文Zayan摇头回应，说明他不认可Theo说的“有一天，我想成为像你一样的艺术家。”这句话，而是他认为Theo现在就已经是一名艺术家了，因此，此处用“I think you are already an artist, Theo”符合语境。承接后文Theo听到Zayan的话后高兴的说不出话来。此处答案不唯一，合理即可。 【42题详解】 这是开放性问题，可从两个角度作答：一方面，会。因为得到了著名画家的认可，他变得自信了。另一方面，不会。他原本就害羞，只是享受画画本身，不需要向同学展示。答案不唯一，合理即可。 VI. Writing (写作) (共15分) 43. Write at least 60 words according to the given situation.【根据以下情境写一篇字数不少于60词的短文，标点符号不占格。】 假设你是王一鸣，你的朋友陆遥最近遇到了一个烦恼：她好不容易攒下了200元零花钱，既想买一款新的智能手表，又想去参观一场期待已久的艺术展，这两项花费分别都需要200元。她不知该如何选择，主动向你求助。请你给她回一封邮件，给出建议帮陆遥做出选择，并详细说明你给出该建议的理由（至少2个）。 To: Lu Yao From: Wang Yiming Subject: My suggestion Dear Lu Yao, I know it’s hard for you to choose between the smart watch and the art exhibition. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Wang Yiming 【答案】 例文 Dear Lu Yao, I know it’s hard for you to choose between the smart watch and the art exhibition. I suggest you visit the art exhibition. First, the exhibition is a special event that won’t last long, while the smart watch can be bought anytime later. Second, art can bring you spiritual joy and new ideas, which is more valuable than a material object. Besides, the happy memories from the exhibition will last much longer than a watch. I believe you’ll make a wise choice. Yours, Wang Yiming 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：建议性电子邮件，用一般现在时为主 明确要点：针对“智能手表”和“艺术展”二选一给出建议，说明选择的理由 确定人称：第一人称(I) 注意事项：语气委婉，理由充分，逻辑清晰，符合建议类文体要求 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起句，点明对方的选择困境，并直接给出核心建议 主体段：从三个角度阐述选择的理由，层层递进支撑观点 结尾段：总结鼓励，相信对方能做出明智选择，呼应开头建议 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：提出建议 引出困境：It’s hard for you to choose between...and.../It’s not easy for you to make a choice between...and...等 选择对象：the art exhibition/smart watch 建议表达：I suggest you.../I advise you to.../You’d better...等 要点二：阐述选择的理由 理由一（时效性）：special event/won’t last long/can be bought anytime later/temporary event/limited time/available at any time/visit other shows later/be used every day for a long time等 理由二（价值性）：spiritual joy/new ideas/material object/more valuable/spiritual satisfaction/new thoughts/physical goods/more meaningful/help you study, exercise and manage your time well/more practical等 理由三（回忆/满足愿望）：happy memories/last much longer/sweet memories/remain for a longer time/satisfy your long-time wish/always your little desire to own one等 要点三：总结鼓励 表达信任：I believe you’ll make a wise choice/I’m sure you can choose wisely/I trust your choice/You will make a right decision等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海市普陀区2025-2026学年八年级下学期期中考试 英语试卷 (时间90分钟，满分100分) Part 2 Grammar and Vocabulary（第二部分 语法和词汇）(共25分) I. Choose the best answer. (选择最恰当的答案) (10分) The Story of Cai Lun — The Father of Paper Cai Lun was ____1____ important official in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He was very curious about how people recorded information in ancient times. At that time, most people wrote on animal bones or silk, but these materials were either too heavy or too expensive. Cai Lun preferred natural and cheap materials ____2____ expensive and rare ones. He began to find a new method of making writing materials. He spent years studying different plants and materials. ____3____ his early experiments all failed, he never gave up. He kept trying various materials such as fishnet and old rags (破布). One day, Cai Lun discovered that ____4____ these materials with water could create paper, something useful and cheap. Filled with excitement, he immediately started to improve his technique. He wanted to make paper ____5____ everyone could afford it. Finally, in 105 AD, Cai Lun succeeded. He presented his invention to the emperor. ____6____ great invention it was! The emperor was very pleased and praised him. Cai Lun's invention soon spread across China. Paper became ____7____ popular that more and more people learned to read and write. This greatly helped the development of Chinese culture. Nothing ____8____ the world more than Cai Lun's invention. Even today, we still use paper in our daily life. Whoever learns about Cai Lun's story will admire ____9____ talent in inventing paper. His spirit encourages us ____10____ challenges bravely. 1. A. a B. an C. the 2. A. for B. to C. than 3. A. Although B. Because C. Unless 4. A. mix B. to mix C. mixing 5. A. when B. since C. so that 6. A. What a B. What C. How 7. A. so B. too C. such 8. A. is changing B. has changed C. was changing 9. A. his B. him C. himself 10. A. face B. facing C. to face III. Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once. 将下列单词或词组的选项填入空格。每空限填一词，每词只能填一次 A. ancient B. value C. excited D. treat E. achievement F. spare I work as a volunteer at the Coin Museum in my ____11____ time. It is my daily job to introduce different coins to visitors. Coins here are from different dynasties. I often talk about Kaiyuan Tongbao, a round coin with a square hole in the centre. Though it looks simple, collectors ____12____ it a lot for its long history and beautiful meaning. Besides Kaiyuan Tongbao, there are many other famous ____13____ coins in China, such as Wu Zhu. Nowadays, people usually ____14____ these old coins as art, not just as money. There are also modern coins from other countries. They have different shapes and pictures of famous people or animals. This work deepens my understanding of history and brings me a strong sense of ____15____. I truly enjoy sharing the stories behind these small coins. IV. Complete the dialogue as required. (按要求完成对话) (10分) At the beginning of the new semester, during art class, Lily and Ben are discussing their favourite world-famous paintings. Lily: Hi, Ben! Our art teacher mentions we’ll learn about world-famous paintings this term. Do you have a favourite one? Ben: Yes, I really love Mona Lisa by Da Vinci. ____16____? (询问对方最喜欢的画) Lily: Mine is Along the River During the Qingming Festival (《清明上河图》). It’s a great Chinese painting. Why do you like Mona Lisa so much? Ben: ____17____. (根据上下文给出理由) The woman’s soft smile and the use of light make it full of mystery. Lily: Um...you like it for being amazing, and it’s mysterious because of the soft smile and lighting. ____18____? (寻求确认) Ben: Yes, that’s correct! Besides, I think Chinese paintings focus more on showing feelings and scenery, while Western ones pay more attention to details and realism. Lily: ____19____. (表示赞同) By the way, would you like to visit an exhibition of Chinese and Western famous paintings with me? Ben: Yes, I’d love to. Lily: Perfect! Let’s meet at the museum gate at 9 a.m. this Saturday, ____20____? (反意疑问句) Ben: Sure! See you then! Part 3 Reading and Writing（第三部分 读写） V. Reading comprehension. (阅读理解) (共35分) A. Read the passage and complete the task. (阅读短文，选择最恰当的答案) (共5分) There are five descriptions of money plans (A-E). Great ways to manage your money A. The Lion Account It’s perfect for your life after you finish your career. You must not touch your money for ten full years, but we will tell you exactly how much money you will make when the time is up. B. The Green Plan Help the environment! We only give money to companies that plant trees and look after animals. This is a slow plan for the future, and remember that the final amount is never completely sure. C. The Red Fund Great for people who want to buy and sell on an app. You can support the newest software and computer makers. The prices change quickly, so you could win or lose a lot! D. The Spring Account Keep what you earn 100% protected. You won’t get much, but it won’t cost you anything if you need to use your cash right away for a sudden situation. E. The Mountain Group Are you new to managing money? Let our great team do the hard work for you! We put your savings into a careful mix of places. This is a great way to keep everything quite safe. Task: The people below all want to find a good place to put their money. Decide which plan would be the most suitable for each person. ____21____ Sarah needs a very safe place for her savings. In an emergency, she must be able to get her cash back on the same day without paying the bank for it. ____22____ David cares a lot about the Earth. He wants to support businesses that keep the air and water clean. He plans to wait a long time, and he is okay if the value changes a bit from time to time. ____23____ Elena has some extra (额外的) money but is a beginner. She wants a clever person to make the choices. She hopes to put her money into several different types of shops or factories to lower the danger. ____24____ Mark is very interested in the internet and modern machines. He wants to make more money fast and is happy to take a big risk. He prefers to do everything on his smartphone. ____25____ Anna will finish her job next year because she is getting older. She is ready to put her money away for 120 months. She needs a clear promise about the exact number she will get at the end. B. Choose the best answer. (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) (5分) Have you ever felt excited about very cheap and fashionable clothes in shops every few weeks? You can update your wardrobe(更新你的衣橱) without spending too much money. But have you ever stopped to think: Why are these clothes so cheap? The answer lies in something called “fast fashion”. “Fast fashion” refers to how the clothing industry produces a lot of cheap clothes and gets them to stores every few weeks. The low prices let shoppers buy new clothes all the time. However, many of these clothes quickly wear out or go out of style. Their price tags also do not include the environmental costs behind them. “The problem starts with how we think about fashion,” says Kirsi, a fashion researcher. “Nowadays, most people own too many clothes. They wear them for a very short time and then throw them away,” she says. Even if a piece of clothing stays in your wardrobe for years, you might only wear it about 40 times. Besides, “fast fashion” pollutes the environment seriously. A study by Kirsi’s team found that the fashion industry leads to 8 to 10% of global carbon waste (全球碳排放) and 20% of the world’s water pollution from factories. When you buy a new fast-fashion shirt, you are not just paying money to the shop. You are also making pollution worse. You waste energy in transportation and create rubbish when your shirt is worn out and thrown away. The “low cost” of the shirt is actually paid by our Earth. It is really attractive for us to get bargains easily. But just like there is no “free lunch” in the world, the low prices of fast fashion bring a heavy cost to the Earth. We should not only look for the cheapest clothes. Instead, we can think about the real cost of the things we buy — for our money and for our Earth. 26. “Fast fashion” is _________. A. a popular idea of buying many clothes and throwing them away B. a business way of quickly making and selling lots of cheap clothes C. a shopping habit of buying new clothes with very little money D. a kind of clothing that breaks easily and goes out of style 27. Why does the writer mention “you might only wear it about 40 times” in Paragraph 3? A. To teach us how to wear clothes more often. B. To explain clothes can be kept for many years. C. To tell us to clean our wardrobe regularly. D. To show we wear clothes for a very short time. 28. Which of the following is NOT true when you buy a new fast-fashion shirt? A. You make pollution worse. B. Energy is wasted in transportation. C. Rubbish is created by the shop. D. You pay money to the shop. 29. The underlined word “bargains” means “_________”. A. cheap goods B. affordable clothes C. different samples D. formal agreements 30. What does the writer want to tell us? A. To let people care more about the environment. B. To tell people to think carefully before buying clothes. C. To ask experts to work out environmental problems. D. To tell fashion industry to protect our Earth. C. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage. (选择最恰当的单词或短语完成短文) (12分) For thousands of years, people have tried to find ways to keep food for longer. In the past, people needed to save fresh food for times when it was ____31____ to find, such as the winter. The problem is that all food can grow bacteria (细菌) and it makes food go bad. To store food, you have to stop the bacteria from growing. Drying Drying is the oldest ____32____ of food storage. Without water in the food, the bacteria can’t grow. In ancient times in hot countries, people simply left fruit and meat outside in the sun and the wind until all its natural water was gone. Drying fruit sometimes produces a completely new kind of food. ____33____, grapes turn into raisins (葡萄干). Salting Bacteria cannot grow in a very salty environment. In many countries, salted fish or meat has become a traditional food and people still eat it today. For example, in Portugal the national dish is salted cod fish (鳕鱼), and although people could buy fresh fish, they ____34____ to eat the salty fish. Canning In 1809, an inventor named Nicolas Appert discovered a more modern way to make food last longer. He found that heating food and then sealing (密封) it makes the food last for months. This is because the bacteria are killed at high ____35____ and cannot grow again without air. Freezing In the 1900s a scientist called Clarence Birdseye went to the Arctic. He noticed that fish froze quickly after he caught it. Months later, when he cooked the fish, it still tasted fresh. He realised that freezing food ____36____ the growth of bacteria. He invented a way of fast-freezing food. Frozen food was first sold in 1930 and was very popular, especially in North America. 31. A. convenient B. possible C. difficult D. cheap 32. A. type B. result C. reason D. chance 33. A. After all B. For example C. In addition D. At first 34. A. prefer B. forget C. prepare D. require 35. A. degrees B. speeds C. temperatures D. levels 36. A. let down B. turned down C. put down D. slowed down D. Answer the questions (根据以下内容回答问题) (13分) Each day after school when other boys play soccer or ride bikes, Theo goes to the art museum. Everyone he knows thinks this is strange, even his own family. He has no friends at school. The paintings in the museum are Theo’s friends. Today, Theo rushes to the museum after school because a new exhibition is opening—The Mountain Landscapes of Zayan Khan. Each painting in the exhibition shows a different mountain. Theo sits on a bench and looks at one painting. He likes the heavy black lines of the mountain and the pale blue sky, so he takes out his notebook and begins to draw. People come and go from the small gallery, but Theo sits for a long time. After a while, there is only one other man left in the gallery. Later, the man stands up and seems to leave, but he stops next to Theo. Theo’s painting shows a mountain from very far away with a lot of space around it. “That’s an interesting way of looking at things,” the man comments. Theo is shocked. He never shows his artwork to anyone because he worries that it isn’t good. “I like your lines and shadows,” the man adds. “I like to do that, too.” Theo notices the man’s hands are dirty with paint. In his jacket pocket, there are several colored pencils and a paintbrush. He is holding an old notebook with his name on the front. “You are Zayan Khan!” Theo cries out. He can’t believe he is talking to the famous artist. “That’s right,” Zayan Khan replies. “I’m Theo. One day, I want to be an artist like you,” Theo tells him. Zayan Khan shakes his head. He points to Theo’s notebook. “_________,” he says. Theo is speechless with happiness. He does not say anything else, and neither does Zayan Khan. They just sit quietly in the room, drawing together with friends. 37. What does Theo do every day after school? ___________________________ 38. Why does Theo take out his notebook and begin to draw? ___________________________ 39. What does Theo show in his painting? ___________________________ 40. How does Theo know the man is the famous artist, Zayan Khan? Give two clues (线索) from the story. ___________________________ 41. What does Zayan probably say to Theo? Fill in the blank with one sentence. ___________________________ 42. After this meeting, do you think Theo will show his drawings to his schoolmates? Why or why not? ___________________________ VI. Writing (写作) (共15分) 43. Write at least 60 words according to the given situation.【根据以下情境写一篇字数不少于60词的短文，标点符号不占格。】 假设你是王一鸣，你的朋友陆遥最近遇到了一个烦恼：她好不容易攒下了200元零花钱，既想买一款新的智能手表，又想去参观一场期待已久的艺术展，这两项花费分别都需要200元。她不知该如何选择，主动向你求助。请你给她回一封邮件，给出建议帮陆遥做出选择，并详细说明你给出该建议的理由（至少2个）。 To: Lu Yao From: Wang Yiming Subject: My suggestion Dear Lu Yao, I know it’s hard for you to choose between the smart watch and the art exhibition. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Wang Yiming 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $