北京市东直门中学2025-2026学年度第二学期期中考试高二英语试题

北京市东直门中学2025-2026学年度第二学期期中考试 高二英语 2026.04 命题人：高二英语备课组 审题人：高二英语备课组 考试时间：90分钟总分100分 班级 姓名 学号 第一部分知识运用（共三节，36分） 第一节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，草握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。 Gardening changed how I sec myself as a disabled woman.When I started gardening in 2018,I didn't know anything about plants,let alone how to grow things we can eat.I thought gardening required a lot of 1 tasks. As I have a genetic (condition that causes my bones to2 easily,I didn't believe I could complete them. The thought of taking care of plants in a wheelchair every day made me feel3.But just like how I gradually learnt everything else as a disabled person,I had to4 how to garden my way. That first season,I visited my garden as much as I could.Noticing my interest in gardening,my neighbors in the community 5 offered me advice and support.Under their careful 6,I managed to pull up the weeds and watered my plants on my own.Finally,I was so proud to eat the tomatoes I grew and even shared some with neighbors.They tasted like summertime. Gardening has 7 how 1 see other parts of my life.As a disabled woman,I fear being seen as a 8 and struggle to ask for the things I need.Gardening helped me normalize the fact that I have needs.I don't think my plant is a heavy load because it needs more nutrition.I don't 9 it for getting insects and not being able to fight against them.Gardening also helped me expand my social circle and grow close to people in our community Over the years,gardening has made me feel more confident in every aspect of my life.I'm planting what I want to grow,and I have gained a lot of 10 from that. 4.A.simple B.physical C.pleasanl D.urgent 2.A.change B.rest C.break D.move 1/10 3 A.anxious B.expectant C.motivated D.bored ↓.look over B.show off C.bring back D.figure out 5.A.suddenly B.readily C.hesitantly D.casually 6.A.observation B.check C.discussion D.guidance .A.impacted B.ruined C.controlled D.recorded Asupport B.comfort C.burden D.threat A.appreciate B.fault C.challenge D.forgive 10.A.justice B.access C.weight D.power 第二节（共10小题：每小恩1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写】个恰当的单词，在给出提示词 的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A As teenagers grow up,they become more independent and start making their own decisions.11,during this period,it can be casy for some of them to form bad habits.These bad habits,if left unchecked,could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.For example,some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse,12 can lead to physical and mental health problems.To prevent harmful habits like these from 13(dominate)a teenager's life is essential.They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate changes. There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase14 extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide,not only causing serious damage,but also costing human lives. Climate scientists have wamed that if we do not take appropriate actions.this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a15(high)price to pay.In fact,news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and16(economy)losses. C Everyone has a sense of humor,but it's pretty evident that not everybody has a good sense of it.Psychologists are divided Jn17 humor is inborn or 'eamnablc.However,there is one thing that1s(accept) universally so far-the sense of humor is uniquely human.It is assoc ated witn laughter and laughter is associated with happiness and courage.These are qualities19(share)with other forms of life But if happiness is one of the goals 20(chase)in life,then it is the sense of humor that provides the key. 2/10 第三节（共6小题：每小题1分，共6分） 根据句子的意思，从方框中选择合适的单词，用其正确形式填空。有两个多余选项。 harmiony,habitat,reward,submu,restrict,sustain,facilitate,liberate. 21.The house should be ty the new ycar. 22.Govemment should encourage busmess to invest more on. energies. 23.The commander expected his soldiers to be and always willing to accept his authority. 24.Speed to 30 mph in towns. 25.Writing poctry her from the routine of everyday life. 26.She for her 40 years'faithful service with the company. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，32分) 第一节（共1】小题：每小题2分，共22分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂 黑。 A Working at a bank in New York City in the mid-2010s.Anna Sacks was living the life-just not the life she wanted.Sure,she was happy.But she wanted to do somethine that felt important. Some people sceking meaning might read a self-help book or perhaps volunteer a few hours a week Sacks packed up her life and moved to Connecticut to participate in Adamah,a farming program that focuses on sustainable living and growing sustainable food When she retumed to New York,her life was with a new purpose and a variety of new skills to make her dreams a reality. "One of the things that really stuck with me from Adamah was how little waste they produced and how they handled the waste they did have,primarily through composting(),"she says."And I just thought,'Why aren't we doing that here?'"The Adamah program opened Sacks'eyes to the damage consumer culture is doing on a local, national,and global level,and the need to find solutions So in 2017,she began what she calls"trash walking". During tours around her community,Sacks picks througb garbage to look for reusable items.Soon,her"trash walking"expanded to include corporate trash along with residential trash.Surprisingly,she discovered a wide range of really great stuff-like clothing,decorations,and food-all of which she documents on TikTok. Under the name The Trash Walker,Sacks quickly gained popularity for her videos that highlight the problems 3/10 with consumerism."The root issue is overproduction,which leads to overconsumption,which leads to a large amount of waste,.”she says. The fact is.cnmpanies often choose to trash items rather than give them away to people who might need them. A big reason for this wastc is the way our current tax laws are structured,Sacks savs.Sellers wh>destroy goods cnn claim the cost as:loss on their taxes and be refunded.If they give away goods,they can claim only a small amount as a charitable reduction on their taxes. Sacks'main focus is simply getting people to pay attention to how many unnecessary things they buy and then throw away."Once you become aware of the way you consume,you can see ways you improve,"she says. 27.Anna Sacks packed up her life and left New York to A.lead a healthy lifestyle B.observe how to grow food C.pursue a meaningful life D.volunteer to work in a bank 28.What impressed Anna Sacks most about the Adamah program? A.The importance of trash walking. B.The sustainable food people produced. C.The hard truth about consumer culture D.The way people there dealt with the waste. 29.What makes companies prefer to throw out goods as trash? A.The tax reduction. B.The quality of goods. C.The tax refund. D.The overproduction. 30.What can we leam from Anna Sacks'story? A.Consumer culture accounts for wasting. B.Corporate trash outweighs-residential trash. C.Trash walking is the key t becoming wealthy. D.Turning to farming leads to sustainable living. B As global temperatures continue to rise due to human-induced climate change,precise computerized climate models will be crucial in sheddine light on how our climate will evolve in the coming years. A study published in Journal of Geoplntsical Research:Armospheres by Chloc Clark and her team from UC Irvine highlights a significant issue with a commonly used climate model known as the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM).The research reveals that this model currently overestimates a key physical property of Earth's climate system called albeda-which is the degree to which ice reflects planet-warming sunlight into space. Albedo is a measure of the reflectivity of a surface,expressed as the fraction of incoming solar radiation that is reflected by that surface back into space.It is a critical factor in determining Earth's climate and cnergy balance. Surfaces with high albedo.such as snow and ice.reflect a large portion of solar energy,whereas darker surfaces like forests or oceans absorb more solar cnergy. "We found that with old model versions,the ice is too reflective by about five percent,"said Chloe Clarke,"Ice reflectivity was much too high." The amount of sunlight the planet receives and reflects is important for estimating how much the planet will warm in the coming years.Previous versions of E3SM overestimated-alhedo because thev failed to account for microphysical properties of ice in a warming world.These properties include the effects things like algae(and dust have on albedo.Dark colored algae and dust can make snow and ice less reflective and less able to reflect sunlight. To do the analysis,Clarke and her team studied satellite data to track the albedo of the Greenland Ice Sheet. They found E3SM overestimates the reflectivity of the ice sheet,meaning the model estimates less melt than what would be expected from the ice microphysical propertius.But with the new ice reflectivity incorporated into the model,they discovered the Greenland Ice Sheet is melting at a rate of about six gigatons more than in older model versions.This is based on albedo measurements that are more consistent with satellite observations. Clarke hopes her team's study stresses the importance of the seemingly minuscule properties that can have far- reaching consequences for the overall climate."I think our work is going to help models do a much better job of helping us capture snow and ice-related climate feedbacks,"she said. Next,Clarke wants to study different icv parts of the planet to calculate how widespread the albedo discrepancy (is in E3SM."Our next steps are to get it so the model is functional globally and not just valid over Greenland," said Clarke,who also intends to compare the new Greenland Ice Sheet melt rates to observations to measure how much more accurate the new ice albedo is."It would be useful to apply it to glaciers in places like the Andes and Alaska.” 5/10 31.According to the passage.albedo A.changes with the lightness of surfaces B.matches up with the shape of the ice or snow C.is a measure of the solar energy arriving at the surface D.varies with the dircction of the incoming solar radiation 32.What can be learned from the passage? A.The new model is more.reliable than satellite observations. B.The previous model versions overestimate Greenland melt. C.Model adaptation improves the accuracy of climate predictions. D.Scientists have used the model globally to reduce the discrepancy. 3.What does the underlined word"minuscule"in Paragraph 7 probably mean? A.Tiny. B.Invisible. C.Plain. D.Stable. 34.The last paragraph is written to A.note the limitations of the finding B.point out further research directions C.illustrate the benefits of a new approach D.sum up the changes made in E3SM Have we reached the peak of the culture war?Looking at my social media feeds,it seems that polarised thinking and misinformation have never been more common.How am I supposed to feel when users I once admired now draw on questionable evidence to support their beliefs? Perhaps it is time for us all to adopt a little"existential humility".I came across this idea in a paper by Jeffrey Greenat Virginia from Common Wealth University and his colleagues.They build on a decade of research examining the benefits of"intellectual humility"more generally-our ability to recognise the errors in our judgement and remain aware of the limits of our knowledge. You can get a flavour of this research by rating your agreement with the following statements,ranging from I (not at all like me)to 5(very like me):I question my own opinions because they could be wrong;I recognise the value in opinions that are different from my own:in the face of conflicting evidence.I am open to changing my opinions. 6/10 People who score highly on this assessment are less likely to form knee-jerk reactions on a topic,and they find it easier to consider the strengths or weaknesses of a logical argument.They are less likely to be influenced by misinformation,since they tend to read the article in full.investigate the sources of a news story and compare its reporting to other statements,before coming to a strong conclusion about its truth. Developing"intellectual humility"would be an excellent idea in all fields,but certain situations may make it particularly difficult to achieve.Greenat points out that some beliefs are so central to our identity that any challenge can activate an existential crisis.as if our whole world view and meaning in life are under threat.As a result,we become more insistent in our opinions and seek any way to protect them.This may reduce some of our feelings of uncertainty,but it comes at the cost of more analytical thinking. For these reasons,Greenat defines"existential humility"as the capacity to entertain the thought of another world view without becoming so defensive and closed-minded.So how could we achieve it?This will be the subject of future research,but the emotion of awe(a feeling of great respect and admiration)may offer one possibility.One study found that watching awe-inspiring videos about space and the universe led to humbler thinking,including a greater capacity to admit weaknesses. Perhaps we could all benefit from interrupting our despair with awe-inspiring content.At the very least,we can try to question our preconceptions before offering our views on social media and be a little less ready to criticize when others disagree. 35 Regarding the culture war on social media,the author is A.embarrassed B.concemed C.panicked D.stressed 36.What can be inferred from the passage? A.Existential humility reduces the threat to identity. B.People with intellectual humility tend to jump to conclusions. C.Awe could promote existential humility by encouraging modest thinking. D.The higner you score on the assessment,the more you stick to your values. 37.Which would be the best title for the passage? A.Overcome an Existential Crisis B.Show a Little Humility C.The Path to Screening Information D.The Approach to Achieving Humility 7/10 第二节（共5小题：每小愿2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选 项中有两项为多余选项。 Pets are like our family members and their good health is something that is very important to all pet owners. Just as the pollutants,such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide-in the air,affect our health,these same envirenmental ousties can affect our pets too. 38_57%of dogs exposed to higher pollution levels developed brain diseases and showed signs of neuro problems.tn a more recent study from the journal of Veterinary Interal Medicine,researchers found that cats with breathing problems were more likelv to live in households with higher indoor air pollution. Air purifiers have been brought into use in recent years.They work to remove harmful 'chemicals known as volatile organic compounds(VOCs)and other environmental pollutants from the air._39 But are they safe for pets?How can we ensure that they aren't harming our furry friends? 40The physical safety of using a mechanical device around pets is what we have to pay attention to.Air purifiers come in various shapes and sizes,from small desk-top units to large,frec-standing models.In terms of physical harm,there is an existing risk of our pet becoming trapped in the electrical wire of our air purifier.Air purifiers are designed to be used in the home around children and their intemal mechanisms should also be safe from small tails of our pets and other parts of their bodies.4 Whether the air purifier improves or damages the health ofour animals is also something we have to consider. The air purifiers are safe for pets,but only if they do not produce any ozone (byproduct.1._We should always stay away from the ones that produce even minimal quantities.We are always on the safo side by picking'a standard air purifier with the classic 3-stage filtration()system of a pre-filter,HEPA filter and carbon activated filter. Picking the wrong air purifier type can quickly make things worse for our pets.On the other hand,picking the correct air purifier can lead to a big increase in the quality of life for them. A.At present many homes are equipped with these useful devices. B.Before buying an air purifier,we should keep two aspects in mind. C.Pet owners always pay close attention to the physical health of their pets. D.Even the smallest pets shouldn't be able to access the insides of air purifiers. E.This greatly depends on the type of air purifier and air cleaning technology used. F.So always check the product specifications and try to find a model that does not produce any carbon monoxide. G.A 2008 study published in Brain and Cognition showed that dogs'brains were negatively affected by the heavy pollution levels. 8/10 第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题：第43、44题各2分，第45题3分，第46题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 You might not have heard of the "fresh start effect",but if you've ever made a New Year's resolution,you're familiar with it.It refers to the human tendency to take action towards achieving a goal after a special occasion or key date has passed. The fresh start effect is simple.Most people want to improve themselves in some way.When we hit important milestones,we're often likely to reflect:are we where we thought we'd be by a certain age?Was this year a successful year,or did we waste it?Annual landmarks like birthdays.or the start of a new year.signify a new time period and an opportunity to leave slip-ups behind and to set new goals for better behavior. Research shows that anucrpauon of a new beginning is a key motivator for the fresh start effect.For example, people aged 29,39,49 etc.were 48%more likely to run a marathon for the first time.When they were approaching a new decade,they were more likely to search for meaning in their lives and try to improve themselves.The reason is simple.When we see our past self as separate from our current self,we feel it easier to introduce new goals and take action. What's interesting about the fresh start effect is that we don't need to wait for big milestones to take advantage of this sudden dose of motivation.Studies show that the first day of each month and even each week can also inspire us.These days,known as"temporal landmarks",encourage us to step back and evaluate our current situation.And when we do this,we gain the motivation to be better:we become more driven and more productive.That is why people are more likely to stall diets or exercise plans on Monday,rather than the next day. Fresh starts are exciting opportunities to learn from your mistakes and move forward.So if you're currently experiencing loss of motivation,questioning the meaning of your work,or just feel like you're stuck in a rut,why don't you use the fresh start effect in your own life? 43.According to the passage,what is"fresh start effect"? 44.Why is it that"anticipation of a new beginning is a key motivator for the fresh start effect"? 9/10 45.Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why. >A fresh start like the first day of each week is a time when we forget about our mistakes and move forward. 46.Besides the fresh start effect,in what ther ways do you motivate yourself in your life?(In about 40 words) 第二节(20分) 47.假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Ji写信向你倾诉，近期由于学习压力过大，身心状态不佳，学习效率低 下。请你给他写一封回信。内容包括： ()对他的现状表示担忧： (2)提出一些健康生活的建议。 注意：(1)词数100左右： (2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, Yours, Li Hua (请务必将答案写在答题卡指定区域内) 10/10 2026北京东直门中学高二（下）期中英语参考答案 第一部分知识运用 第一节完形填空 1.B2.C3.A4.D5.B6.D7.A8.C9.B10.D 第二节语法填空 11.But 12.which 13.dominating 14.in 15.higher 16.economic 17.whether 18.has been accepted 19.shared 20.chased 第三节选词填空 21.liberated 22.sustainable 23.submissive 24.is restricted 25.facilitates 26.was rewarded 第二部分阅读理解 第一节 A篇：27.C28.D29.C30.A B篇：31.A32.C33.A34.B C篇：35.B36.C37.B 第二节七选五38.G39.A40.B41.D42.E 第三部分书面表达 第一节阅读回答问题 43. It refers to the human tendency to take action towards achieving a goal after a special occasion or key date has passed. 44. Because when we see our past self as separate from our current self,we feel it easier to introduce new goals and take action. 45. Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why A.fresh start like the first day of each week is a time when we forget about our mistakes and move forward. According to the passage,a fresh start is a time to learn from mistakes and move forward,not to forget them. 46. I motivate myself by setting small daily goals and rewarding myself after achieving them.I also listen to inspiring speeches to keep positive. 第二节应用文参考范文 Dear Jint, I'm sorry to hear you're suffering from great study pressure and feeling bad.I'm quite worried about you. Here are some suggestions First,you should balance study and rest.Second,do some exercise regularly to relax.Besides,share your feelings with friends Hope you can get better soon. Yours, Li Hua 1