Unit 7 单元测试卷 2025-2026学年冀教版英语八年级下册

冀教版八年级下册第七单元单元测试卷 (考试时间:90 分钟 满分:120 分) . 单项选择(共 20 小题,每小题 1 分,满分 20 分) 1. I know _ the population of the world is growing very quickly. A. that B. what C. why D. if 2. —Could you tell me _ we can protect our planet? —We can plant more trees and reduce waste. A. that B. how C. what D. when 3. He asked me _ I had ever learned about the population problem. A. that B. what C. if D. where 4. She doesn’t understand _ we should reuse things to save resources. A. that B. why C. what D. how 5. My teacher told us _ we can protect the environment by sorting garbage. A. that B. if C. whether D. what 6. —Do you know _ country has the largest population in the world? —China has the largest population. A. that B. what C. which D. when 7. I wonder _ our school will hold a population and environment lecture next week. A. that B. if C. what D. why 8. He said that he _ already learned a lot about environmental protection. A. has B. had C. will D. would 9. Could you please tell me _ I can find more information about population control? A. where B. that C. what D. who 10. The students asked their teacher _ the growing population will bring more challenges. A. that B. if C. what D. how 11. —Look! They are planting trees on the hill. They _ be students from our school. —I think so. They are doing their part to protect the environment. A. can B. may C. must D. can’t 12. This _ be a plastic bag. It is made of cloth and can be used many times. A. can B. may C. must D. can’t 13. —Where is Tom? —He _ be in the park. He said he would take part in the tree-planting activity. A. can B. may C. must D. can’t 14. He _ know how to protect the environment. Let’s ask him to share his ideas. A. can B. may C. must D. can’t 15. Many old books _ into new paper in our city now. It helps save resources. A. recycles B. is recycled C. recycled D. are recycled 16. We _ to learn about population problems and environmental protection in recent years. A. encourage B. are encouraged C. have encouraged D. have been encouraged 17. Many people _ reusable bottles instead of plastic bottles every day to reduce waste. A. use B. used C. are used D. were used 18. We should _ the earth and try our best to control the population growth. A. protect B. be protected C. protected D. were protected 19. —How do you help control the population? —I help by _ people about the importance of population control. A. learn B. learning C. learned D. to learn 20. The knowledge about population and environment _ to us by our teacher every month. A. teaches B. is taught C. taught D. was taught . 完形填空(共 10 小题,每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分) Our world is facing two big challenges: growing population and environmental pollution. It’s our duty to protect our earth and control the population. Everyone can do something to make a difference. Linda is a student who cares about our world. She often takes part in activities about population and environment. She knows that the world’s population is growing fast and many useful things can be 21._ to save resources. Her teacher told her 22._ we should control the population and protect the environment together. Linda always uses reusable bags when shopping and never wastes paper. Zhang Wei joins the school population and environment club. He tells his classmates 23._ protecting the earth and controlling the population is everyone’s duty. He often helps 24._ up the neighborhood and tells people about the importance of population control. He wonders 25._ more students will 26._ the club to work together. Peter used to waste a lot of water and paper. But his teacher advised him 27._ change his bad habits. Now he 28._ both sides of the paper and turns off the tap when brushing his teeth. He thinks it’s important 29._ the environment and control the population, and he wants to encourage more people to join him. All of them agree that small actions can make a big difference. We should keep protecting the environment and do our best 30._ our world. 21.A. reused B. thrown C. wasted D. broken 22.A. if B. that C. what D. why 23.A. because B. so C. that D. or 24.A. clean B. cleans C. to clean D. cleaning 25.A. that B. what C. if D. how 26.A. join B. to join C. joining D. joins 27.A. to B. for C. with D. of 28.A. use B. uses C. used D. will use 29.A. protect B. protects C. protected D. to protect 30. A. save B. to save C. saving D. saved . 阅读理解(共 15 小题,每小题 2 分,满分 30 分) A Controlling the world’s population and protecting the environment are two important tasks for our future. The growing population brings many challenges, such as food shortage, water shortage and environmental pollution. At the same time, environmental pollution makes our earth worse and worse. We need to work together to solve these problems. There are many ways to deal with these challenges. First, we should control the population growth to reduce the pressure on the earth. Second, we should protect the environment by reducing waste, reusing things and recycling useful materials. Third, we should tell more people about the importance of population control and environmental protection, so that everyone can take part in it. Everyone can do small things to make a difference. For example, we can use reusable bags, save water and electricity, and sort garbage. These small actions can help us control the population indirectly and protect our environment. Let’s work together to make our world a better place. 31. What are the two important tasks for our future? A. Reducing waste and reusing things. B. Controlling population and protecting environment. C. Saving water and electricity. D. Sorting garbage and recycling materials. 32. Which challenge is NOT mentioned in the passage? A. Food shortage. B. Water shortage. C. Air pollution. D. Environmental pollution. 33.Why should we control the population growth? A. To reduce the pressure on the earth. B. To save more food. C. To protect the environment directly. D. To reuse more things. 34. What can we do to help solve the problems? A. Waste more water and paper. B. Use plastic bags every day. C. Save water and electricity. D. Throw garbage everywhere. 35. What is the main idea of the passage? A. To introduce the growing population. B. To tell us how to protect the environment. C. To encourage us to control population and protect environment together. D. To explain why we need to save resources. B Asia is the largest continent in the world, and it has the largest population. More than half of the world’s people live in Asia. The growing population in Asia brings many challenges to the continent and the whole world. In many Asian countries, the population is growing very fast. This leads to food shortage, because more people need more food. At the same time, it brings pressure to the environment. More people need more water, more land and more energy, which causes environmental pollution and resource shortage. Many Asian countries are working hard to control the population growth and protect the environment. There are many ways to deal with these problems. Some countries carry out population control policies. Many people start to use reusable things to reduce waste. They also plant more trees to make the air clean. Everyone in Asia is trying their best to make the continent better. 36. Which continent has the largest population? A. Europe. B. Asia. C. Africa. D. America. 37. What percentage of the world’s people live in Asia? A. Less than 50%. B. More than 50%. C. About 30%. D. About 40%. 38. What problem does the growing population in Asia bring? A. Food shortage and environmental pollution. B. Water shortage and land pollution. C. Energy shortage and air pollution. D. All of the above. 39. Which of the following is NOT a way to deal with the problems? A. Carrying out population control policies. B. Using reusable things. C. Planting more trees. D. Increasing the population. 40. What is the passage mainly about? A. The population of Asia and its challenges. B. The environment of Asia. C. The population control policies in Asia. D. The ways to protect the environment in Asia. C Small actions can make a big difference in protecting the environment and controlling the population. We don’t need to do big things; we just need to do our best in our daily life. First, we can save resources. We can save water by turning off the tap when we brush our teeth. We can save electricity by turning off the lights when we leave the room. We can also reuse things, such as reusable bags and bottles, to reduce waste. Second, we can sort garbage to recycle useful things. This helps reduce pollution and save resources. Third, we can tell our family and friends about the importance of population control and environmental protection. We can encourage them to join us in protecting our world. Controlling the population and protecting the environment is not difficult. It starts with small actions. Let’s work together to do small things every day to make our world a better place to live in. 41. What is the main idea of the passage? A. To tell us how to save resources. B. To encourage us to take small actions to control population and protect environment. C. To explain why we need to sort garbage. D. To introduce the importance of population control. 42. How many ways to help protect environment and control population are mentioned? A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6 43. Which of the following is a way to save resources? A. Turning off the tap when brushing teeth. B. Sorting garbage. C. Telling friends about environmental protection. D. Planting trees. 44. What can we do to reduce waste? A. Use reusable bags. B. Throw away old things. C. Turn on the tap when not using it. D. Use plastic bottles every day. 45. What does the writer want to tell us? A. We need to do big things to protect the environment. B. Small actions are useless. C. Small actions can help control population and protect environment. D. We don’t need to care about population problems. . 词汇运用(共 15 小题,每小题 1 分,满分 15 分) A) 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。 46. The world’s p_ is growing very fast, which brings many challenges. 47. We should protect our e_ and make our world cleaner. 48. We can reuse things to r_ waste and save resources. 49. It’s our duty to c_ the population growth and protect our earth. 50. We should save w_ by turning off the tap when we don’t use it. B) 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 51. My teacher told me that he _ (learn) about population control before. 52. She wonders if she _ (can) take part in the environmental protection activity. 53. Old paper _ (recycle) into new paper in our city now. 54. We _ (encourage) to reuse things and reduce waste every day. 55. He _ (tell) people about the importance of population control when I saw him yesterday. C) 从方框中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式填空(每词限用一次) include, protect, reuse, control, save 56. We can _ old bottles to make new things and save resources. 57.Many ways can help _ the population growth, such as population control policies. 58.Our duty is to _ the environment and make our world better. 59.The challenges brought by growing population _ food shortage and water shortage. 60.We should _ electricity by turning off the lights when we leave the room. . 句型转换(共 10 小题,每小题 1 分,满分 10 分) 按要求完成下列句子,每空一词。 61. I know controlling the population is important.(改为含有宾语从句的复合句) I know _ _ the population is important. 62. He asked me, “Have you ever learned about environmental protection?”(改为含有宾语从句的复合句) He asked me _ I _ ever learned about environmental protection. 63. My teacher told us, “We can protect the environment by reusing things.”(改为含有宾语从句的复合句) My teacher told us _ we _ protect the environment by reusing things. 64. She doesn’t understand why we should control the population.(改为同义句) She doesn’t understand the _ _ we should control the population. 65. He said, “I have reused the bottle many times.”(改为含有宾语从句的复合句) He said that he _ _ the bottle many times. 66.Old books are recycled into new paper in many cities.(改为主动语态) People _ old books into new paper in many cities. 67.We protect the environment by reusing things.(对划线部分提问) _ _ we protect the environment? 68.He must be telling people about population control.(改为否定句) He _ _ telling people about population control. 69.I wonder if she will join the population and environment club.(改为同义句) I wonder _ _ join the population and environment club. 70.They will reuse more things in the future.(改为被动语态) More things _ _ _ by them in the future. . 书面表达(满分 10 分) 假设你是李华,你的英国笔友 Mike 对中国的人口和环境问题很感兴趣,来信向你询问相关情况。请你根据提示,给 Mike 写一封邮件,介绍中国的人口现状、环境问题及我们的应对措施。 提示: 1. 介绍中国的人口现状(世界上人口最多,增长已得到有效控制); 2. 说明目前存在的环境问题(如污染、垃圾等); 3. 介绍我们采取的应对措施(垃圾分类、节约水电、使用环保袋等); 4. 呼吁 Mike 一起关注人口和环境问题。 要求: 1. 词数 80—100; 2. 条理清晰,语句通顺,语法正确; 3. 包含所有提示内容,可适当发挥; 4. 开头结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 Dear Mike, I’m glad to receive your email. You asked about China’s population and environmental problems. I’d like to tell you about them. _ _ _ _ Controlling population and protecting the environment is everyone’s duty. I hope you can join me to pay attention to these problems and do small things for our world. Please write to me and tell me your ideas soon. Yours, Li Hua 参考答案及详细解析 . 单项选择(20 分) 1. A 解析:考查宾语从句连接词。句意:我知道世界人口正在快速增长。宾语从句是陈述句,连接词用that,that可省略,故选A。 2. B 解析:考查宾语从句连接词。句意:——你能告诉我我们如何保护我们的星球吗?——我们可以多种树、减少浪费。宾语从句中缺少方式状语,用how引导,表“如何、怎样”,故选B。 3. C 解析:考查宾语从句连接词。句意:他问我是否学习过人口问题。宾语从句是一般疑问句,用if/whether引导,表“是否”,故选C。 4. B 解析:考查宾语从句连接词。句意:她不明白为什么我们应该重复使用物品来节约资源。宾语从句中缺少原因状语,用why引导,表“为什么”,故选B。 5. A 解析:考查宾语从句连接词。句意:我的老师告诉我们,我们可以通过垃圾分类来保护环境。宾语从句是陈述句,用that引导,且时态不受主句影响,仍用一般现在时,故选A。 6. C 解析:考查宾语从句连接词。句意:——你知道哪个国家是世界上人口最多的国家吗?——中国是世界上人口最多的国家。宾语从句中缺少定语,用which引导,表“哪一个”,故选C。 7. B 解析:考查宾语从句连接词。句意:我想知道我们学校下周是否会举办人口与环境讲座。宾语从句是一般疑问句,用if/whether引导,表“是否”,故选B。 8. B 解析:考查宾语从句时态呼应。句意:他说他已经学到了很多关于环境保护的知识。主句是一般过去时,宾语从句中“学习”发生在主句动作“说”之前,用过去完成时,结构为“had + 过去分词”,故选B。 9. A 解析:考查宾语从句连接词。句意:你能告诉我在哪里可以找到更多关于人口控制的信息吗?宾语从句中缺少地点状语,用where引导,表“哪里”,故选A。 10. B 解析:考查宾语从句连接词。句意:学生们问他们的老师人口增长是否会带来更多挑战。宾语从句是一般疑问句,用if/whether引导,表“是否”,故选B。 11. C 解析:考查情态动词表推测。句意:——看!他们正在山上种树。他们肯定是我们学校的学生。——我想是的。他们正在尽最大努力保护环境。must表“肯定、一定”,用于肯定推测,语气最强,符合句意,故选C。 12. D 解析:考查情态动词表推测。句意:这不可能是塑料袋,它是布做的,可以使用很多次。can’t表“不可能”,用于否定推测,语气肯定,符合句意,故选D。 13. C 解析:考查情态动词表推测。句意:——汤姆在哪里?——他肯定在公园里,他说他会参加植树活动。must表“肯定、一定”,结合“他说会参加植树活动”的语境,推测语气最强,故选C。 14. B 解析:考查情态动词表推测。句意:他可能知道如何保护环境,我们让他分享一下他的想法吧。may表“可能”,用于肯定推测,语气委婉,符合句意,故选B。 15. D 解析:考查一般现在时被动语态。句意:现在我们城市里很多旧书被回收制成新纸,这有助于节约资源。主语Many old books与动词recycle是被动关系,且描述当前的情况,用一般现在时被动语态,结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”,主语是复数,be动词用are,recycle的过去分词是recycled,故选D。 16. D 解析:考查现在完成时被动语态。句意:近年来,我们被鼓励学习人口问题和环境保护知识。时间状语in recent years表示从过去持续到现在,用现在完成时,主语We与encourage是被动关系,结构为“have been + 过去分词”,encourage的过去分词是encouraged,故选D。 17. A 解析:考查主动语态。句意:每天有很多人使用可重复使用的瓶子而不是塑料瓶来减少浪费。主语Many people与动词use是主动关系,且描述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语是复数,谓语动词用原形use,故选A。 18. A 解析:考查主动语态。句意:我们应该保护地球,尽最大努力控制人口增长。主语We与动词protect是主动关系,情态动词should后接动词原形,故选A。 19. B 解析:by 为介词,介词后加动名词。句意:——你如何帮助控制人口?——我通过让人们了解人口控制的重要性来提供帮助。by + 动名词表示“通过某种方式”,符合句意 故选B。 20. B 解析:考查一般现在时被动语态。句意:我们的老师每个月都会教我们关于人口和环境的知识。主语The knowledge与动词teach是被动关系,且描述客观事实,用一般现在时被动语态,结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”,主语是不可数名词,be动词用is,teach的过去分词是taught,故选B。 . 完形填空(15 分) 21.A. reused 词义辨析。句意:她知道世界人口增长很快,很多有用的东西可以被重复使用来节约资源。reused 重复使用;thrown 扔掉;wasted 浪费;broken 打碎。结合环保和节约资源的语境,选重复使用,故选A。 22.B. that 宾语从句。从句是完整陈述句,句意完整不缺成分,用that引导,只起连接作用,故选B。 23.C. that 宾语从句。后面陈述“保护地球和控制人口是每个人的责任”这一完整事实,用that引导宾语从句,故选C。 24.A. clean 固定搭配:help (to) do sth. 帮助做某事,help后接动词原形,故选A。 25.C. if 句意:他想知道是否会有更多同学加入俱乐部一起努力。wonder if 想知道是否……,符合语境,故选C。 26.A. join 情态动词will后接动词原形,join表示“加入(组织、俱乐部)”,故选A。 27.A. to 固定搭配:advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事,故选A。 28.B. uses 时态主谓一致。now用一般现在时,主语he是第三人称单数,谓语动词用三单形式uses,故选B。 29.D. to protect 固定句型:It’s important to do sth. 做某事很重要,用动词不定式,故选D。 30.B. to save 固定搭配:do one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事,用不定式,故选B。 . 阅读理解(30 分) A篇 31. B 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Controlling the world’s population and protecting the environment are two important tasks for our future.”可知,未来的两个重要任务是控制人口和保护环境,故选B。 32. C 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The growing population brings many challenges, such as food shortage, water shortage and environmental pollution.”可知,文章提到了粮食短缺、水资源短缺和环境污染,没有提到空气污染,故选C。 33. A 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“First, we should control the population growth to reduce the pressure on the earth.”可知,控制人口增长是为了减少地球的压力,故选A。 34. C 解析:细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“For example, we can use reusable bags, save water and electricity, and sort garbage.”可知,节约用水和用电是帮助解决问题的方法,故选C;A、B、D选项均会加剧问题。 35. C 解析:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要鼓励我们一起控制人口、保护环境,故选C。 B篇 36. B 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Asia is the largest continent in the world, and it has the largest population.”可知,亚洲是人口最多的大洲,故选B。 37. B 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“More than half of the world’s people live in Asia.”可知,世界上超过50%的人生活在亚洲,故选B。 38. D 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句“This leads to food shortage... which causes environmental pollution and resource shortage.”可知,人口增长带来了粮食短缺、环境污染、资源短缺(包括水资源、能源)等问题,故选D。 39. D 解析:细节理解题。根据第三段内容,执行人口控制政策、使用可重复使用的物品、种树都是解决问题的方法,增加人口会加剧问题,故选D。 40. A 解析:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了亚洲的人口现状及其带来的挑战,故选A。 C篇 41. B 解析:主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Small actions can make a big difference in protecting the environment and controlling the population.”和最后一段第二句“It starts with small actions.”可知,文章主要鼓励我们采取小行动来控制人口和保护环境,故选B。 42. A 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段“First... Second... Third...”可知,文章提到了3种方法:节约资源、垃圾分类、宣传相关重要性,故选A。 43. A 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“We can save water by turning off the tap when we brush our teeth.”可知,刷牙时关水龙头是节约资源的一种方式,故选A;B选项是垃圾分类,C选项是宣传,D选项未提及。 44. A 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“We can also reuse things, such as reusable bags and bottles, to reduce waste.”可知,使用环保袋是减少浪费的一种方式,故选A;B、C、D选项均会造成浪费。 45. C 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Small actions can make a big difference in protecting the environment and controlling the population.”可知,作者想告诉我们,小行动也能帮助控制人口和保护环境,故选C。 . 词汇运用(15 分) A) 46. population 解析:句意:世界人口正在快速增长,这带来了很多挑战。population“人口”,是不可数名词,故填population。 47. environment 解析:句意:我们应该保护环境,让我们的世界更干净。environment“环境”,是不可数名词,故填environment。 48. reduce 解析:句意:我们可以重复使用物品来减少浪费,节约资源。reduce“减少”,此处用动词不定式作目的状语,to后接动词原形,故填reduce。 49. control 解析:句意:控制人口增长、保护我们的地球是我们的责任。control“控制”,it’s one’s duty to do sth. 表示“做某事是某人的责任”,to后接动词原形,故填control。 50. water 解析:句意:我们不使用水的时候应该关水龙头来节约用水。water“水”,是不可数名词,故填water。 B) 51. had learned 解析:考查宾语从句时态呼应。句意:我的老师告诉我他以前学习过人口控制的知识。主句是一般过去时,宾语从句中“学习”发生在主句动作“告诉”之前,用过去完成时,结构为“had + 过去分词”,learn的过去分词是learned,故填had learned。 52. can 解析:考查宾语从句时态。句意:她想知道她是否能参加环境保护活动。宾语从句中“can”表示“能够”,不受主句时态影响,用原形,故填can。 53. is recycled 解析:考查一般现在时被动语态。句意:现在我们城市的旧纸被回收制成新纸。主语Old paper与recycle是被动关系,描述当前的情况,用一般现在时被动语态,结构为“is + 过去分词”,recycle的过去分词是recycled,故填is recycled。 54. are encouraged 解析:考查一般现在时被动语态。句意:我们每天都被鼓励重复使用物品、减少浪费。主语We与encourage是被动关系,描述客观事实,用一般现在时被动语态,结构为“are + 过去分词”,encourage的过去分词是encouraged,故填are encouraged。 55. was telling 解析:考查过去进行时。句意:昨天我看到他的时候,他正在告诉人们人口控制的重要性。when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,主句用过去进行时,结构为“was/were + 现在分词”,主语He是单数,be动词用was,tell的现在分词是telling,故填was telling。 C) 56. reuse 解析:句意:我们可以重复使用旧瓶子来制造新东西,节约资源。reuse“重复使用”,can后接动词原形,故填reuse。 57. control 解析:句意:很多方法可以帮助控制人口增长,比如人口控制政策。control“控制”,help do sth. 表示“帮助做某事”,故填control。 58. protect 解析:句意:我们的责任是保护环境,让我们的世界变得更好。protect“保护”,不定式to后接动词原形,故填protect。 59. include 解析:句意:人口增长带来的挑战包括粮食短缺和水资源短缺。主语The challenges与include是主动关系,描述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语是复数,谓语动词用原形include,故填include。 60. save 解析:句意:我们离开房间时应该关灯来节约用电。save“节约”,should后接动词原形,故填save。 . 句型转换(10 分) 61. that controlling 解析:将简单句改为含有宾语从句的复合句,宾语从句是陈述句,连接词用that,从句主语controlling the population不变,故填that controlling。 62. if; had 解析:直接引语是现在完成时的一般疑问句,改为宾语从句时,连接词用if,主句是一般过去时,从句用过去完成时,have的过去分词是had,故填if; had。 63. that; can 解析:直接引语是陈述句,改为宾语从句时,连接词用that,时态不受主句影响,仍用一般现在时,can用原形,故填that; can。 64. reason why 解析:why引导的宾语从句可转换为“the reason why...”(……的原因),故填reason why。 65. had reused 解析:直接引语是现在完成时,改为宾语从句时,主句是一般过去时,从句用过去完成时,结构为“had + 过去分词”,reuse的过去分词是reused,故填had reused。 66. recycle 解析:一般现在时被动语态变主动语态,主语变为People,谓语动词用原形recycle,故填recycle。 67. How do 解析:对方式状语提问,用how,原句是一般现在时,疑问句中助动词用do,故填How do。 68. can’t be 解析:must表肯定推测,否定形式是can’t be,表“不可能”,故填can’t be。 69. whether she will 解析:if与whether都可表示“是否”,可互换,从句语序不变,故填whether she will。 70. will be reused 解析:一般将来时主动语态变被动语态,结构为“will be + 过去分词”,reuse的过去分词是reused,故填will be reused。 . 书面表达(10 分) 参考范文 Dear Mike, I’m glad to receive your email. You asked about China’s population and environmental problems. I’d like to tell you about them. China has the largest population in the world, but its growth has been well controlled in recent years. Now we are facing some environmental problems, such as air pollution and too much garbage. To solve these problems, we sort garbage every day, save water and electricity, and use reusable bags when shopping. I do these because I want to protect our earth and make it better. Controlling population and protecting the environment is everyone’s duty. I hope you can join me to pay attention to these problems and do small things for our world. Please write to me and tell me your ideas soon. Yours, Li Hua 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $