精品解析：北京工业大学附属中学2025-2026学年高二下学期期中英语试题

2026北京工大附中高二（下）期中 英 语 第一部分：选词填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。 submit, frequent, identify, strike, reliable, disturb, long to, consist of, get rid of, in an attempt to 1. We should ________ false data before processing them. 2. All participants must ________ their papers before the deadline. 3. He worked day and night ________ finish the project on time. 4. People in this city are ________ visited by tourists from all over the world. 5. Please do not ________ others when you are in the library. 6. A big wave suddenly ________ the bottom of the pool. 7. We need to ________ our strengths and weaknesses clearly. 8. Many children ________ go home and get together with their families. 9. The news is from a ________ source, so you can trust it. 10. The medical team ________ ten doctors and twenty nurses. 第二部分：语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 11. The Internet, ________ was first set up in the 1960s, has greatly changed our life. (用适当的词填空) 12. The school network ________ (establish) in 2022. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13. This is ________ our teacher has taught us. (用适当的词填空) 14. The tourists ________ (trap) in the mountain were rescued by the police. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15. The national park has a large ________ (collect) of elephants. (所给词的适当形式填空) 16. I ________ (read) half of the English novel these days. (所给词的适当形式填空) 17. Unless __________ (invite) to speak, you should remain silent at the meeting. (所给词的适当形式填空) 18. The headmaster has made _________ clear that the meeting will not be put off. (用适当的词填空) 19. The experiment ________ (conduct) when the power went out. 20. ________ (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第三部分：完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 As a very important part of Mexico’s ecosystem, hummingbirds now face all sorts of serious threats. That’s where 73-year-old Catherine comes in, who ___21___ most of her free time caring for the tiny birds. Catherine’s story as a self-taught hummingbird nurse began in 2011. She was walking on the street one day when she noticed a(n)___22___ hummingbird that had suffered a serious eye injury. ___23___, it was taken home by the kind-hearted woman, but she knew nothing about taking care of a bird. However, a friend ___24___ her to look after it. “That hummingbird wrote me a new life,” Catherine said. It was a very difficult ___25___ in her life. She had just lost her husband and she herself was battling with cancer at that time. It was the hummingbird that managed to pull her out of the sadness and loneliness that had ___26___ her life. And it was only the beginning. Word of her success ___27___ among Catherine’s friends, and before long some of them began bringing her injured and abandoned hummingbirds. She needed to study the birds and their ___28___ to better take care of them, and after 11 years of experience, the 73-year-old woman is considered an expert on hummingbirds while her home has become known as a hummingbird ___29___. Until now, Catherine has rescued hundreds of hummingbirds. After ____30____ the birds back to health, she releases them in a wooded area on the south side of Mexico City. 21. A. gains B. spends C. misses D. wastes 22. A. ugly B. scary C. dangerous D. desperate 23. A. Surprisingly B. Fortunately C. Accidentally D. Secretly 24. A. allowed B. commanded C. encouraged D. reminded 25. A. task B. decision C. moment D. goal 26. A. taken over B. relied on C. turned down D. gone through 27. A. existed B. spread C. occurred D. changed 28. A. values B. legends C. numbers D. habits 29. A. shop B. park C. hospital D. museum 30. A. nursing B. guiding C. moving D. feeding 第四部分：阅读理解（共两节，38 分） 第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分） A When facing the task of choosing a major, you should take your time. The choice you make doesn’t mean you are only limited to one path. QUESTIONS TO ASK YOURSELF AS YOU MAKE YOUR DECISION • Do I have a career in mind? Although your major does not necessarily dictate your future career path, you should consider your future career goals. If you already have a clear career goal, you should research the education requirements. If you are not sure, you are supposed to research different fields. A certain major might ignite your interest and then lead you to your dream job. • How much does money matter? Some majors do have higher potential earnings than others. If earning a lot of money is a primary goal for you, search for majors that pay off well. Feel free to reach out to the Career Center for more information on higher-earning majors and careers. • What do I love to do? If you love what you study, you will be more likely to achieve great success. You tend to have a better grasp and valuable connection in the field. And you will find your college years more fulfilling if you cultivate your passion. TIPS FOR DISCOVERING WHAT INTERESTS YOU • Explore different courses! Don’t take random free electives. You are supposed to take different courses in various subjects. By branching out to what you do not know, you may discover an unknown interest and lead you to your major. • Meet with a CDC staff member! Your Career Development Center (CDC) is eager to help you! Meet with a peer Career Ambassador to learn more about yourself and explore possible majors. They can help you set career goals, find internship opportunities and more! • Utilize the CDC’s online resources! CDC offers many online resources for self-assessment and career search. We make recommendations for majors and careers based on our answers! See page 6 for more details of what we have to offer! 31. If you haven’t decided your future career, you are advised to ________. A. cultivate a related hobby B. aim for well-paid jobs C. consider the education requirements D. investigate different fields 32. What can the Career Development Center do for you? A. give major-related advice. B. establish internship programmes. C. define your future career goals. D. select an elective course for you. 33. Where is the passage probably taken from? A. A research paper. B. A commercial post. C. A college brochure. D. A recruitment notice. B In 2014, a year into her retirement, Morag Warrack found herself in a village hall in the Surrey hills, surrounded by middle-aged men throwing each other on to the floor. “When entering the classroom, I was terrified and thought all these men would be shocked by an old woman walking in,” she says. “The teacher encouraged me to stay and I realized they were all kind and curious about me being there. That was my first experience of learning aikido.” At 59, Warrack, who had recently handed in her resignation, began reading up on mindfulness practice. “The more I looked into mindfulness, the more aikido kept coming up,” she says. “These books were recommending it as a way to connect mind, body and spirit.” Attracted by the idea, Warrack found a local class where she could take a beginners’ session. Despite her struggles, she kept practicing. While her husband and two children were supportive, they weren’t tempted to join in. Aikido teaches us how to control our life, how to avoid an attack without hurting the opponent. By 2019, Warrack achieved her first-degree black belt. “Aikido is about using the energy of your opponent rather than strength against him,” she says. In December 2021, Warrack achieved her third-degree black belt. To defend her professional skills, she had to protect herself against four people at once. Warrack’s achievement made her one of the oldest women to achieve an aikido black belt in the UK. “I love every minute of my training,” she says. 34. How did Warrack feel when she first entered the aikido class? A. Curious. B. Disappointed. C. Confident. D. Frightened. 35. After years of practicing aikido, Warrack ________. A. grew more patient B. turned into a better self C. realized her full potential D. became aware of her value 36. In order to achieve her third-degree black belt, Warrack had to ________. A. polish her skills further B. improve her coordination C. avoid hurting the attackers D. seek support from her family 37. What can we learn from Warrack’s story? A. With age comes wisdom. B. The greatest wealth is health. C. It’s always a good time to learn. D. Compete with honor and win with grace. C When you see someone about to put on a pair of sneakers, you can sense excitement. Today, millions of people wear sneakers on campuses, streets and in many places. People choose sneakers based on different styles. Chesky was the CEO of SkyStep. SkyStep met a challenge in 2016. Though the company was doing well, it faced fierce competition. Chesky wanted to make SkyStep more competitive. He turned to INSIGHT Lab for help. Like SkyStep, INSIGHT Lab predicted consumer choices by analyzing their skills. Specialists in INSIGHT Lab used social science research techniques to explore consumers’ inner feelings toward shoes and everyday footwear. Chesky moved to the street to experience consumers’ real feelings. Participants used cameras to record how they chose shoes in games and sports. It turned out that choosing a certain kind of shoes showed what kind of people they wanted to become. Lastly, people felt a strong sense of community with friends who wore similar shoes. SkyStep quickly took these suggestions. They added customizable details — such as shoelaces, tags and small symbols — so that buyers could express a personal identity. They also created community running clubs, weekend “sneaker walks”, and online groups where fans shared photos and stories. In this way, sneakers became more than products; they became tickets into a living, growing community. The case of SkyStep suggests that when brands pay attention to consumers’ inner world, they can do more than sell another pair of shoes. For many customers, slipping on their favourite sneakers is not just wearing shoes; it is showing who they are and where they belong. 38. What can SkyStep do to improve its competitiveness according to the passage? A. Offer as many different styles as possible. B. Create a sports- and belonging-centred brand image. C. Redesign shoes by adding scientific elements. D. Conduct intensive market research with INSIGHT Lab. 39. What can we know about SkyStep before 2016? A. It outperformed its opponents in research field. B. It suffered a temporary strategic failure in 2016. C. It planned to distinguish itself from competitors. D. It partnered with a famous psychological agency. 40. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Three Mechanisms of Sneakers B. A New Path Into Sneakers Market C. Following the New Trend of Sneakers D. Revealing the Psychology of Sneakers D A person could be forgiven for believing 20 years ago that the scene would soon revolutionize academic publishing. But more has to happen before the old industry system is replaced. For a long time, academic publishing has been in the traditional subscription model. Recognising the opportunity, many scholars and librarians began to advocate a new open access mode, in which articles are made available online free. The result would be a true online public library of science. However, more than two decades later, the old system remains entrenched. Fortunately, things are changing. UC Libraries, one of the biggest library systems, started to negotiate with leading scientific publisher Elsevier. The Libraries wanted Elsevier to allow them to pay two fees—one for its licensed journals and the other for the use of Elsevier’s open access model. UC Libraries wanted the licensed journals fee to cover the open access fee so as to ensure open access to researches published in Elsevier journals. When the two sides couldn’t come to terms, the Libraries walked away. Actually, the open access solution is more likely to come from research funding agencies, who can use their purse power to promote open access. Some funders, like Caitlin, insist that any research they fund should be published in a journal that makes all its articles immediately available to the public, which is called PlanS. Now that some librarians and funders have begun to take action, things are changing. The worst response would be to complain that PlanS has too much academic freedom. Some top journals began to move forward. When the journal system began in 1665, it was in favor of open access. It allowed academics to post their content online for free. But now the system has become thoroughly commoditized. Now is the time to bring it back to open access. 41. What does the underlined word “entrenched” probably mean? A. Uncertain. B. Rooted. C. Limited. D. Popular. 42. What is the core of the disagreement between UC Libraries and Elsevier? A. The duration of the contract. B. The way of payment. C. The charge for open access model. D. The choice of licensed journals. 43. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Academics welcome open access model with full heart. B. Open access model will soon achieve a dominant position. C. Publishers are willing to abandon the subscription model gradually. D. Establishing a true online public library of science requires joint efforts. 44. What is the author’s attitude towards the open access model? A. Critical. B. Supportive. C. Disapproving. D. Indifferent. 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When was the last time you felt proud of being sensitive? Most likely, your answer is never. ___45___. It’s used to mean you’re fragile, unsound and just overreacting. We are often told that they shouldn’t be sensitive at all. “What’s wrong with you? Do not be so sensitive.” Either way, the message sensitive people get isn’t to celebrate who they are. It’s that they should “overcome” their sensitivity and toughen up. Putting aside that this approach isn’t working, it’s wrongheaded to begin with. ____46____. As a personality trait, being sensitive means you take in more information from your environment, and you process it more deeply.____47____. You process information more deeply than the people around you, and you feel deeply about the world and situations around you. The most well-known and studied gift of sensitivity is empathy. Sensitive people tend to understand others’ feelings deeply. A second strength sensitive people have is creativity. They tend to spend more time and energy in processing information, which brings about more possibilities and solutions. ____48____. They often become overstimulated easily by what’s around you. Research shows that sensitive people experience lower stress in calm environment. Even worse, in some cases, the overstimulation can lead to physical problems. Let’s assume, however, that you live in a society that does not rely on spreading misery. Much more likely is that it is time to stop hiding your sensitivity. If you are sensitive, then the people you care about will be happier to accept you.____49____. Do not hide it. Show it to the world. A. However, sensitive people do pay a price. B. You cannot make yourself less sensitive or more tolerant. C. It is a trait that is part of who you are. D. A second strength sensitive people have is creativity. E. If you’re sensitive, you think deeply and feel more deeply. F. We take pride in many traits but being sensitive is not one of them. G. Sensitive people naturally attract more social attention and emotional responses. 第五部分：书面表达 第一节（共 4 小题；30、31 题 2 分，32 题 3 分，33 题 5 分，共 12 分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Survey data show that American customers today are more than twice as likely to complain about a product or service as they were in 1976. People are grumbling more at work too. Nearly a third of employers in one UK-based survey witnessed an increase in employee complaints over a two-year period. Of course, you can always find something to complain about. But if you do so habitually, that is probably hurting you, making others feel down, and making you a less attractive person to be around. So you might want to resist the trend toward a culture of complaint. There are two types of complaining: “instrumental” and “chronic”. “Instrumental” complaining is done to solve a clear problem. “Chronic” complaining is a state in which the complainers constantly think about their misery and try to obtain sympathy. The problem with complaining is that even though it can feel therapeutic, it typically doesn’t lead to positive changes in the long run. Studies show that the more people complain, the more negative they feel. Even worse, in some cases, the people around you will also become negative. Let’s assume, however, that you live in a society that does not rely on spreading misery. Much more likely is that it is time to stop complaining. If you can deal with dissatisfaction positively, the people you care about will be happier too. 50. What is the purpose of “instrumental” complaining? __________________________________________________________________________________ 51. What are the negative effects of complaining? __________________________________________________________________________________ 52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain it. “Chronic” complaining is a state in which the complainers constantly think about their misery and try to obtain encouragement. __________________________________________________________________________________ 53. Instead of complaining, how would you deal with dissatisfaction in life? (In about 40 words) __________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（20 分） 54. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim正在策划一次以“Art Meets Tech”为主题的校园科技艺术节，为此发来邮件，就活动内容询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 提出的建议； 2. 建议的理由。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026北京工大附中高二（下）期中 英 语 第一部分：选词填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。 submit, frequent, identify, strike, reliable, disturb, long to, consist of, get rid of, in an attempt to 1. We should ________ false data before processing them. 2. All participants must ________ their papers before the deadline. 3. He worked day and night ________ finish the project on time. 4. People in this city are ________ visited by tourists from all over the world. 5. Please do not ________ others when you are in the library. 6. A big wave suddenly ________ the bottom of the pool. 7. We need to ________ our strengths and weaknesses clearly. 8. Many children ________ go home and get together with their families. 9. The news is from a ________ source, so you can trust it. 10. The medical team ________ ten doctors and twenty nurses. 【答案】1. get rid of 2. submit 3. in an attempt to 4. frequently 5. disturb 6. struck 7. identify 8. long to 9. reliable 10. consists of 【解析】 【1题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：在处理虚假数据之前，我们应该先将其移除。根据“false data before processing them”可知，处理数据前应先移除虚假数据；短语“get rid of”意为“清除、去除”，should后接动词原形。 【2题详解】 考查动词。句意：所有参与者必须在截止日期前提交论文。根据“their papers before the deadline”可知，截止日期前应提交论文；动词“submit”意为“提交”，情态动词must后接动词原形。 【3题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：他夜以继日地工作，试图按时完成项目。根据“worked day and night”和“finish the project on time”可知，努力工作是为了试图按时完成项目，短语“in an attempt to”意为“试图、企图”，表目的。 【4题详解】 考查副词。句意：这座城市的人们经常受到来自世界各地的游客的到访。根据“visited by tourists from all over the world”可知，游客经常到访，用形容词frequent的副词形式“frequently”作状语，意为“频繁地”。 【5题详解】 考查动词。句意：在图书馆时请不要打扰别人。根据“in the library”可知，在图书馆应保持安静，不打扰他人，动词“disturb”意为“打扰”，do not后接动词原形。 【6题详解】 考查动词。句意：一个巨浪突然猛烈冲击了池底。根据“A big wave suddenly”和“the bottom of the pool”可知，巨浪冲击池底，动词“strike”意为“撞击、冲击”，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时态，其过去式为struck。 【7题详解】 考查动词。句意：我们需要清楚地识别自己的优势和劣势。根据“our strengths and weaknesses clearly”可知，需要清楚识别长处和短处，动词“identify”意为“识别、确定”，need to后接动词原形。 【8题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：许多孩子渴望回家与家人团聚。根据“go home and get together with their families”和常识可知，孩子渴望回家团聚，短语“long to”意为“渴望”，描述一般情况用一般现在时，主语Many children是复数，谓语用复数形式。 【9题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这条消息来自可靠来源，所以你可以相信它。根据“so you can trust it”可知，消息来源可靠，形容词“reliable”意为“可靠的”，作定语，修饰名词source。 【10题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：医疗队由十名医生和二十名护士组成。根据“ten doctors and twenty nurses”可知，医疗队由这些人员构成，短语“consist of”意为“由……组成”，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语The medical team是单数，谓语用单数形式consists of。 第二部分：语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 11. The Internet, ________ was first set up in the 1960s, has greatly changed our life. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【解析】 【详解】句意：互联网，于 20 世纪 60 年代首次建立，极大地改变了我们的生活。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Internet，在从句作主语，指物，故用which引导。 12. The school network ________ (establish) in 2022. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was established 【解析】 【详解】句意：学校网络建于2022年。establish(建立)是谓语动词，与主语“The school network”之间是动宾关系，结合时间状语“in 2022”可知，讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，谓语用单数形式was established。 13. This is ________ our teacher has taught us. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【解析】 【详解】句意：这就是我们的老师教给我们的内容。引导表语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，故用what。 14. The tourists ________ (trap) in the mountain were rescued by the police. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】trapped 【解析】 【详解】句意：被困在山里的游客最终被警方救了出来。此处在句中作定语，修饰主语The tourists，The tourists与trap之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。 15. The national park has a large ________ (collect) of elephants. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】collection 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个国家公园有大量的大象。形容词修饰名词，冠词a提示用单数名词，作宾语，a collection of表示“许多的，一批的”。 16. I ________ (read) half of the English novel these days. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been reading 【解析】 【详解】句意：这些天我一直在读这本英文小说，已经读到一半。根据可知表示动作发生在过去，持续到现在，用现在完成进行时，主语为I，助动词用have。 17. Unless __________ (invite) to speak, you should remain silent at the meeting. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】invited 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：除非被邀请发言，否则你在会上应该保持沉默。unless引导条件状语从句，结合语意可知，从句中主语是you，invite与主语you之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态be invited，状语从句中，从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词，可将从句的主语和be动词省略，即Unless (you are) invited to speak，其中you are可省略。故填invited。 18. The headmaster has made _________ clear that the meeting will not be put off. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】it 【解析】 【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：校长已经明确表示会议不会推迟。分析句子可知，that从句是真正的宾语，为宾语从句，此处应用it作形式宾语，故填it。 19. The experiment ________ (conduct) when the power went out. 【答案】was being conducted 【解析】 【详解】句意：停电的时候，实验正在进行。conduct(实施，进行)是主句谓语，与主语“The experiment”之间是动宾关系，结合时间状语“when the power went out”可知，这里描述的是过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时的被动语态，主语是单数名词，谓语用单数形式was being conducted。 20. ________ (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Seen 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从山顶上看，这座城市看起来更美。句子主语the city与see之间是被动关系，即“城市被看”，所以用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Seen。 第三部分：完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 As a very important part of Mexico’s ecosystem, hummingbirds now face all sorts of serious threats. That’s where 73-year-old Catherine comes in, who ___21___ most of her free time caring for the tiny birds. Catherine’s story as a self-taught hummingbird nurse began in 2011. She was walking on the street one day when she noticed a(n)___22___ hummingbird that had suffered a serious eye injury. ___23___, it was taken home by the kind-hearted woman, but she knew nothing about taking care of a bird. However, a friend ___24___ her to look after it. “That hummingbird wrote me a new life,” Catherine said. It was a very difficult ___25___ in her life. She had just lost her husband and she herself was battling with cancer at that time. It was the hummingbird that managed to pull her out of the sadness and loneliness that had ___26___ her life. And it was only the beginning. Word of her success ___27___ among Catherine’s friends, and before long some of them began bringing her injured and abandoned hummingbirds. She needed to study the birds and their ___28___ to better take care of them, and after 11 years of experience, the 73-year-old woman is considered an expert on hummingbirds while her home has become known as a hummingbird ___29___. Until now, Catherine has rescued hundreds of hummingbirds. After ____30____ the birds back to health, she releases them in a wooded area on the south side of Mexico City. 21. A. gains B. spends C. misses D. wastes 22. A. ugly B. scary C. dangerous D. desperate 23. A. Surprisingly B. Fortunately C. Accidentally D. Secretly 24. A. allowed B. commanded C. encouraged D. reminded 25. A. task B. decision C. moment D. goal 26. A. taken over B. relied on C. turned down D. gone through 27. A. existed B. spread C. occurred D. changed 28. A. values B. legends C. numbers D. habits 29. A. shop B. park C. hospital D. museum 30. A. nursing B. guiding C. moving D. feeding 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。73岁的Catherine从2011年开始自学照顾蜂鸟。一次她救了一只受伤的蜂鸟，这不仅帮助她走出丧夫和抗癌的悲痛，还激发了她照顾更多蜂鸟的热情。迄今为止，她已救助了数百只蜂鸟，并将康复的蜂鸟放生到墨西哥城南部的森林区。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时，73 岁的Catherine出现了，她把大部分空闲时间都用来照顾这些小鸟。A. gains获得；B. spends花费；C. misses错过；D. wastes浪费。根据后文“after 11 years of experience, the 73-year-old woman is considered an expert on hummingbirds”可知她花费自己很多的闲暇时间照顾蜂鸟，且spend time doing是固定搭配。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，她走在街上，发现一只绝望的蜂鸟眼睛受了重伤。A. ugly丑陋的；B. scary吓人的；C. dangerous危险的；D. desperate绝望的。根据后文“had suffered a serious eye injury”可知这里表示蜂鸟因受伤而感到绝望。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，这只蜂鸟被一位好心的妇女带回了家，但她对照顾鸟类一无所知。A. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；B. Fortunately幸运地；C. Accidentally偶然地；D. Secretly秘密地。根据后文“it was taken home by the kind-hearted woman”可知被热心的女人带回家是幸运的。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而一个朋友鼓励她来照顾它。A. allowed允许；B. commanded命令；C. encouraged鼓励；D. reminded提醒。根据前文“but she knew nothing about taking care of a bird.”以及转折词however可知，朋友鼓励她来照顾蜂鸟。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是她生命中非常艰难的时刻。A. task任务；B. decision决定；C. moment时刻；D. goal目标。根据后文“She had just lost her husband and she herself was battling with cancer at that time.”可知失去丈夫并且和癌症作斗争是很艰难的时刻。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：是蜂鸟把她从悲伤和孤独的生活中拉了出来。A. taken over接管；B. relied on依赖；C. turned down拒绝；D. gone through经历。根据前文“It was the hummingbird that managed to pull her out of the sadness and loneliness”可知蜂鸟把她从悲伤和孤独的生活中拉了出来，改变了她的生活，进而引申为新生活接管了原来艰难的生活。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的成功在Catherine的朋友中传开了，不久，一些朋友开始把受伤和被遗弃的蜂鸟带给她。A. existed存在；B. spread传播；C. occurred发生；D. changed改变。根据后文“some of them began bringing her injured and abandoned hummingbirds”可知一些朋友知道了她照顾蜂鸟的消息，可推知是这个消息在朋友中传开了。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她需要研究蜂鸟和它们的习性，以便更好地照顾它们。A. values价值；B. legends传说；C. numbers数量；D. habits习惯。根据后文“the 73-year-old woman is considered an expert on hummingbirds”可知她成为了研究蜂鸟的专家，说明她对蜂鸟的习性很了解。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过 11 年的经验积累，这位 73 岁的老人被认为是蜂鸟专家，而她的家也成了著名的蜂鸟医院。A. shop商店；B. park公园；C. hospital医院；D. museum博物馆。根据后文“Catherine has rescued hundreds of hummingbirds.”可知她在家里救治蜂鸟，而救治是医院的功能。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在将这些蜂鸟护理得恢复健康后，她将它们放飞到墨西哥城南边的一片树林中。A. nursing护理；B. guiding引导；C. moving移动；D. feeding喂养。根据前文“However, a friend her to look after it.”可知她照顾受伤的蜂鸟，护理至健康后放飞到树林中。故选A项。 第四部分：阅读理解（共两节，38 分） 第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分） A When facing the task of choosing a major, you should take your time. The choice you make doesn’t mean you are only limited to one path. QUESTIONS TO ASK YOURSELF AS YOU MAKE YOUR DECISION • Do I have a career in mind? Although your major does not necessarily dictate your future career path, you should consider your future career goals. If you already have a clear career goal, you should research the education requirements. If you are not sure, you are supposed to research different fields. A certain major might ignite your interest and then lead you to your dream job. • How much does money matter? Some majors do have higher potential earnings than others. If earning a lot of money is a primary goal for you, search for majors that pay off well. Feel free to reach out to the Career Center for more information on higher-earning majors and careers. • What do I love to do? If you love what you study, you will be more likely to achieve great success. You tend to have a better grasp and valuable connection in the field. And you will find your college years more fulfilling if you cultivate your passion. TIPS FOR DISCOVERING WHAT INTERESTS YOU • Explore different courses! Don’t take random free electives. You are supposed to take different courses in various subjects. By branching out to what you do not know, you may discover an unknown interest and lead you to your major. • Meet with a CDC staff member! Your Career Development Center (CDC) is eager to help you! Meet with a peer Career Ambassador to learn more about yourself and explore possible majors. They can help you set career goals, find internship opportunities and more! • Utilize the CDC’s online resources! CDC offers many online resources for self-assessment and career search. We make recommendations for majors and careers based on our answers! See page 6 for more details of what we have to offer! 31. If you haven’t decided your future career, you are advised to ________. A. cultivate a related hobby B. aim for well-paid jobs C. consider the education requirements D. investigate different fields 32. What can the Career Development Center do for you? A. give major-related advice. B. establish internship programmes. C. define your future career goals. D. select an elective course for you. 33. Where is the passage probably taken from? A. A research paper. B. A commercial post. C. A college brochure. D. A recruitment notice. 【答案】31. D 32. A 33. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了选择大学专业时需要考虑的几个问题以及探索自身兴趣的实用建议。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据“• Do I have a career in mind?”部分中“If you already have a clear career goal, you should research the education requirements. If you are not sure, you are supposed to research different fields. A certain major might ignite your interest and then lead you to your dream job. (如果你已经有了一个明确的职业目标，你应该研究一下学历要求。如果你不确定，你应该研究不同的领域。某个专业可能会激发你的兴趣，然后引导你找到理想的工作)”可知，如果还未决定未来职业，建议研究不同的领域。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据“• Meet with a CDC staff member!”部分中“Your Career Development Center (CDC) is eager to help you! Meet with a peer Career Ambassador to learn more about yourself and explore possible majors. They can help you set career goals, find internship opportunities and more! (你的职业发展中心(CDC)渴望帮助您！与同辈职业大使会面，了解更多关于你自己的信息，探索可能的专业。他们可以帮助你设定职业目标、寻找实习机会等等)”和“• Utilize the CDC’s online resources!”部分“CDC offers many online resources for self-assessment and career search. We make recommendations for majors and careers based on our answers!(CDC提供许多在线资源用于自我评估和职业搜索。我们会根据我们的答案为专业和职业提供建议！)”可知，职业发展中心(CDC)可以提供与专业相关的建议。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，文章以“选择大学专业”为主题，提供了自我问答指南和探索兴趣的实用技巧，并提到了“Career Development Center (职业发展中心)”等校园资源。这类内容最可能出现在大学宣传手册中。 B In 2014, a year into her retirement, Morag Warrack found herself in a village hall in the Surrey hills, surrounded by middle-aged men throwing each other on to the floor. “When entering the classroom, I was terrified and thought all these men would be shocked by an old woman walking in,” she says. “The teacher encouraged me to stay and I realized they were all kind and curious about me being there. That was my first experience of learning aikido.” At 59, Warrack, who had recently handed in her resignation, began reading up on mindfulness practice. “The more I looked into mindfulness, the more aikido kept coming up,” she says. “These books were recommending it as a way to connect mind, body and spirit.” Attracted by the idea, Warrack found a local class where she could take a beginners’ session. Despite her struggles, she kept practicing. While her husband and two children were supportive, they weren’t tempted to join in. Aikido teaches us how to control our life, how to avoid an attack without hurting the opponent. By 2019, Warrack achieved her first-degree black belt. “Aikido is about using the energy of your opponent rather than strength against him,” she says. In December 2021, Warrack achieved her third-degree black belt. To defend her professional skills, she had to protect herself against four people at once. Warrack’s achievement made her one of the oldest women to achieve an aikido black belt in the UK. “I love every minute of my training,” she says. 34. How did Warrack feel when she first entered the aikido class? A. Curious. B. Disappointed. C. Confident. D. Frightened. 35. After years of practicing aikido, Warrack ________. A. grew more patient B. turned into a better self C. realized her full potential D. became aware of her value 36. In order to achieve her third-degree black belt, Warrack had to ________. A. polish her skills further B. improve her coordination C. avoid hurting the attackers D. seek support from her family 37. What can we learn from Warrack’s story? A. With age comes wisdom. B. The greatest wealth is health. C. It’s always a good time to learn. D. Compete with honor and win with grace. 【答案】34. D 35. B 36. A 37. C 【解析】 【导语】本文描述了退休后的莫拉格偶然接触合气道，受正念理念吸引坚持练习。她克服困难逐级考取黑带，成为英国高龄女子合气道高手，诠释了终身学习、老有所学的人生态度。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的““When entering the classroom, I was terrified and thought all these men would be shocked by an old woman walking in,” she says.(“走进教室的时候，我感到非常害怕，心想这些男人肯定会被一个老妇人突然走进来这件事吓到的。” 她说道)”可知，瓦拉克第一次进入合气道训练课时感到恐惧。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“In December 2021, Warrack achieved her third-degree black belt. To defend her professional skills, she had to protect herself against four people at once. Warrack’s achievement made her one of the oldest women to achieve an aikido black belt in the UK.( 2021年12月，沃拉克获得了她的第三级黑带。为了捍卫自己的专业技能，她不得不同时保护自己免受四人的攻击。沃拉克的这一成就使她成为英国年龄最大的获得合气道黑带的女性之一)”可知，经过多年的习练合气道，沃拉克逐渐成长为一个更好的自己。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In December 2021, Warrack achieved her third-degree black belt. To defend her professional skills, she had to protect herself against four people at once.(2021年12月，沃拉克获得了她的第三级黑带。为了巩固自己的专业技能，她不得不同时保护自己免受四个人的攻击)”可知，沃拉克为了获得她的第三级黑带，不得不同时保护自己免受四个人的攻击，这表示必须进一步提升她的技艺。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“At 59, Warrack, who had recently handed in her resignation, began reading up on mindfulness practice. “The more I looked into mindfulness, the more aikido kept coming up,” she says. “These books were recommending it as a way to connect mind, body and spirit.”(59岁的沃拉克最近已递交了辞职申请，她开始研究起正念练习。“我对正念的研究越深入，就越能发现合气道的身影不断出现。”她说，“这些书都推荐将其作为一种将心灵、身体和精神相连接的方式。”)”可知，文章讲述了Morag War rack在退休后开始学习合气道，并成功获得了黑带的故事。这表明无论何时学习都是一件好事，因此C选项“任何时候都是学习的好时机”符合文章的主旨。 C When you see someone about to put on a pair of sneakers, you can sense excitement. Today, millions of people wear sneakers on campuses, streets and in many places. People choose sneakers based on different styles. Chesky was the CEO of SkyStep. SkyStep met a challenge in 2016. Though the company was doing well, it faced fierce competition. Chesky wanted to make SkyStep more competitive. He turned to INSIGHT Lab for help. Like SkyStep, INSIGHT Lab predicted consumer choices by analyzing their skills. Specialists in INSIGHT Lab used social science research techniques to explore consumers’ inner feelings toward shoes and everyday footwear. Chesky moved to the street to experience consumers’ real feelings. Participants used cameras to record how they chose shoes in games and sports. It turned out that choosing a certain kind of shoes showed what kind of people they wanted to become. Lastly, people felt a strong sense of community with friends who wore similar shoes. SkyStep quickly took these suggestions. They added customizable details — such as shoelaces, tags and small symbols — so that buyers could express a personal identity. They also created community running clubs, weekend “sneaker walks”, and online groups where fans shared photos and stories. In this way, sneakers became more than products; they became tickets into a living, growing community. The case of SkyStep suggests that when brands pay attention to consumers’ inner world, they can do more than sell another pair of shoes. For many customers, slipping on their favourite sneakers is not just wearing shoes; it is showing who they are and where they belong. 38. What can SkyStep do to improve its competitiveness according to the passage? A. Offer as many different styles as possible. B. Create a sports- and belonging-centred brand image. C. Redesign shoes by adding scientific elements. D. Conduct intensive market research with INSIGHT Lab. 39. What can we know about SkyStep before 2016? A. It outperformed its opponents in research field. B. It suffered a temporary strategic failure in 2016. C. It planned to distinguish itself from competitors. D. It partnered with a famous psychological agency. 40. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Three Mechanisms of Sneakers B. A New Path Into Sneakers Market C. Following the New Trend of Sneakers D. Revealing the Psychology of Sneakers 【答案】38. B 39. C 40. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了SkyStep运动鞋品牌通过与INSIGHT Lab合作，洞察消费者心理，将产品与社区归属感相结合，从而提升品牌竞争力的案例。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“It turned out that choosing a certain kind of shoes showed what kind of people they wanted to become. Lastly, people felt a strong sense of community with friends who wore similar shoes. (事实证明，选择某种鞋子表明了人们想成为什么样的人。最后，人们与穿着相似鞋子的朋友产生了强烈的社区归属感)”以及第五段“They added customizable details — such as shoelaces, tags and small symbols — so that buyers could express a personal identity. They also created community running clubs, weekend “sneaker walks”, and online groups where fans shared photos and stories. (他们添加了可定制的细节——如鞋带、标签和小符号——以便买家能够表达个人身份。他们还创建了社区跑步俱乐部、周末“运动鞋漫步”活动以及粉丝分享照片和故事的在线群组)”可知，SkyStep通过打造以运动和归属感为核心的品牌形象来提升竞争力。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Chesky was the CEO of SkyStep. SkyStep met a challenge in 2016. Though the company was doing well, it faced fierce competition. Chesky wanted to make SkyStep more competitive. (切斯基是SkyStep的首席执行官。2016年，SkyStep遇到了挑战。尽管公司经营状况良好，但它面临着激烈的竞争。Chesky希望让SkyStep更具竞争力)”可知，在2016年之前，SkyStep遇到了挑战，所以SkyStep计划让自己更具竞争力，能在竞争对手中脱颖而出。 【40题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第四段“It turned out that choosing a certain kind of shoes showed what kind of people they wanted to become. Lastly, people felt a strong sense of community with friends who wore similar shoes. (事实证明，选择某种鞋子表明了人们想成为什么样的人。最后，人们与穿着相似鞋子的朋友产生了强烈的社区归属感)”、第五段“They added customizable details — such as shoelaces, tags and small symbols — so that buyers could express a personal identity. They also created community running clubs, weekend “sneaker walks”, and online groups where fans shared photos and stories. (他们添加了可定制的细节——如鞋带、标签和小符号——以便买家能够表达个人身份。他们还创建了社区跑步俱乐部、周末“运动鞋漫步”活动以及粉丝分享照片和故事的在线群组)”和最后一段“For many customers, slipping on their favourite sneakers is not just wearing shoes; it is showing who they are and where they belong. (对许多顾客来说，穿上他们最喜欢的运动鞋不仅仅是穿鞋；这是在展示他们是谁以及他们的归属)”可知，文章通过SkyStep的案例，揭示了消费者选择运动鞋背后的心理因素——通过鞋子表达个人身份和寻求社区归属感。因此，文章主要揭示了运动鞋背后的心理学，故“Revealing the Psychology of Sneakers”是最佳标题。 D A person could be forgiven for believing 20 years ago that the scene would soon revolutionize academic publishing. But more has to happen before the old industry system is replaced. For a long time, academic publishing has been in the traditional subscription model. Recognising the opportunity, many scholars and librarians began to advocate a new open access mode, in which articles are made available online free. The result would be a true online public library of science. However, more than two decades later, the old system remains entrenched. Fortunately, things are changing. UC Libraries, one of the biggest library systems, started to negotiate with leading scientific publisher Elsevier. The Libraries wanted Elsevier to allow them to pay two fees—one for its licensed journals and the other for the use of Elsevier’s open access model. UC Libraries wanted the licensed journals fee to cover the open access fee so as to ensure open access to researches published in Elsevier journals. When the two sides couldn’t come to terms, the Libraries walked away. Actually, the open access solution is more likely to come from research funding agencies, who can use their purse power to promote open access. Some funders, like Caitlin, insist that any research they fund should be published in a journal that makes all its articles immediately available to the public, which is called PlanS. Now that some librarians and funders have begun to take action, things are changing. The worst response would be to complain that PlanS has too much academic freedom. Some top journals began to move forward. When the journal system began in 1665, it was in favor of open access. It allowed academics to post their content online for free. But now the system has become thoroughly commoditized. Now is the time to bring it back to open access. 41. What does the underlined word “entrenched” probably mean? A. Uncertain. B. Rooted. C. Limited. D. Popular. 42. What is the core of the disagreement between UC Libraries and Elsevier? A. The duration of the contract. B. The way of payment. C. The charge for open access model. D. The choice of licensed journals. 43. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Academics welcome open access model with full heart. B. Open access model will soon achieve a dominant position. C. Publishers are willing to abandon the subscription model gradually. D. Establishing a true online public library of science requires joint efforts. 44. What is the author’s attitude towards the open access model? A. Critical. B. Supportive. C. Disapproving. D. Indifferent. 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讨论了学术出版从传统订阅模式向开放获取模式转变的现状、阻力以及变革的希望。 【41题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“A person could be forgiven for believing 20 years ago that the scene would soon revolutionize academic publishing. But more has to happen before the old industry system is replaced. (20年前，如果有人相信这种景象会很快彻底改变学术出版界，那是情有可原的。但要取代旧的行业体系，还有更多工作要做)”以及第三段中“However, more than two decades later, the old system  remains entrenched. (然而，二十多年后，旧体系依然entrenched)”可知，20年前的预言并未实现，传统的模式并未消失，说明其根深蒂固。故划线词entrenched意为“根深蒂固的”，与“Rooted”同义。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“UC Libraries, one of the biggest library systems, started to negotiate with leading scientific publisher Elsevier. The Libraries wanted Elsevier to allow them to pay two fees—one for its licensed journals and the other for the use of Elsevier’s open access model. UC Libraries wanted the licensed journals fee to cover the open access fee so as to ensure open access to researches published in Elsevier journals. When the two sides couldn’t come to terms, the Libraries walked away. (作为最大的图书馆系统之一，加州大学图书馆开始与领先的科学出版商爱思唯尔进行谈判。该图书馆希望爱思唯尔允许他们支付两笔费用——一笔用于其授权期刊，另一笔用于使用爱思唯尔的开放获取模式。加州大学图书馆希望用授权期刊的费用来支付开放获取的费用，以确保爱思唯尔期刊上发表的研究成果能够开放获取。当双方无法达成协议时，图书馆终止了谈判)”可知，双方分歧的核心是开放获取模式的收费问题。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中UC Libraries与Elsevier谈判破裂、第五段中研究资助机构利用资金推动开放获取、第六段中“Now that some librarians and funders have begun to take action, things are changing. (既然一些图书馆员和资助者已经开始采取行动，情况正在发生变化)”和第八段中“Some top journals began to move forward. (一些顶级期刊开始向前迈进)”可推知，建立一个真正的在线公共科学图书馆需要多方共同努力。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“When the journal system began in 1665, it was in favor of open access. It allowed academics to post their content online for free. But now the system has become thoroughly commoditized. Now is the time to bring it back to open access. (当期刊体系在1665年诞生时，它是支持开放获取的。它允许学者免费在线发布他们的内容。但现在这个体系已经完全商品化了。现在是时候让它回归开放获取了)”可知，作者认为传统订阅模式已经完全商品化了，到了让它回归开放获取的时候，对开放获取模式持支持态度。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When was the last time you felt proud of being sensitive? Most likely, your answer is never. ___45___. It’s used to mean you’re fragile, unsound and just overreacting. We are often told that they shouldn’t be sensitive at all. “What’s wrong with you? Do not be so sensitive.” Either way, the message sensitive people get isn’t to celebrate who they are. It’s that they should “overcome” their sensitivity and toughen up. Putting aside that this approach isn’t working, it’s wrongheaded to begin with. ____46____. As a personality trait, being sensitive means you take in more information from your environment, and you process it more deeply.____47____. You process information more deeply than the people around you, and you feel deeply about the world and situations around you. The most well-known and studied gift of sensitivity is empathy. Sensitive people tend to understand others’ feelings deeply. A second strength sensitive people have is creativity. They tend to spend more time and energy in processing information, which brings about more possibilities and solutions. ____48____. They often become overstimulated easily by what’s around you. Research shows that sensitive people experience lower stress in calm environment. Even worse, in some cases, the overstimulation can lead to physical problems. Let’s assume, however, that you live in a society that does not rely on spreading misery. Much more likely is that it is time to stop hiding your sensitivity. If you are sensitive, then the people you care about will be happier to accept you.____49____. Do not hide it. Show it to the world. A. However, sensitive people do pay a price. B. You cannot make yourself less sensitive or more tolerant. C. It is a trait that is part of who you are. D. A second strength sensitive people have is creativity. E. If you’re sensitive, you think deeply and feel more deeply. F. We take pride in many traits but being sensitive is not one of them. G. Sensitive people naturally attract more social attention and emotional responses. 【答案】45. F 46. B 47. E 48. A 49. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讨论了“敏感”这一性格特质，指出社会对敏感存在误解，阐述了敏感者具备的共情、创造力等优势，以及他们为此付出的代价，最后呼吁敏感者接纳并展示真实的自己。 【45题详解】 上文“When was the last time you felt proud of being sensitive? Most likely, your answer is never.(你上一次为自己敏感而感到自豪是什么时候？很可能你的答案是从来没有)”指出人们很少因敏感而自豪，F选项“We take pride in many traits but being sensitive is not one of them.(我们为许多特质感到自豪，但敏感不是其中之一)”承接上文，进一步概括说明敏感在社会价值体系中不受重视的普遍现象；下文“It’s used to mean you’re fragile, unsound and just overreacting.(它被用来意味着你脆弱、不健康，只是反应过度)”具体解释了这一现象产生的原因，与F选项构成因果关系，上下文语意连贯。 【46题详解】 上文“Putting aside that this approach isn’t working, it’s wrongheaded to begin with.(暂且不说这种方法不起作用，它从一开始就是错误的)”指出让敏感者“克服”敏感并变得强硬的做法是错误的，B选项“You cannot make yourself less sensitive or more tolerant.(你无法让自己变得不那么敏感或更耐受)”承接上文，解释为什么这种方法是错误的——因为敏感是无法改变的固有特质；下一段“As a personality trait, being sensitive means...(作为一种性格特质，敏感意味着……)”进一步从定义上说明敏感是人格特质的一部分，与B选项中的“cannot make yourself less sensitive”形成逻辑关联。 【47题详解】 上文“As a personality trait, being sensitive means you take in more information from your environment, and you process it more deeply.(作为一种性格特质，敏感意味着你从环境中接收更多信息，并且更深入地处理它们)”解释了敏感的性格定义，E选项“If you’re sensitive, you think deeply and feel more deeply.(如果你敏感，你会更深入地思考和感受)”承接上文，对上文提到的“process it more deeply”进行具体化阐述，指出这种深度处理体现在思考和感受两个层面；下文“You process information more deeply than the people around you, and you feel deeply about the world and situations around you.(你比周围的人更深入地处理信息，并且对周围的世界和情境感受更深)”进一步重复和强调这一核心特征，与E选项形成同义复现关系。 【48题详解】 上文已经介绍了敏感的两种优势：共情和创造力，下文“They often become overstimulated easily by what’s around you. Research shows that sensitive people experience lower stress in calm environment.(他们很容易被周围的事物过度刺激。研究表明，敏感的人在平静的环境中压力更小)”转而讨论敏感的负面影响——容易过度刺激、需要平静环境，A选项“However, sensitive people do pay a price.(然而，敏感的人确实付出了代价)”与上文构成转折关系，引出敏感的劣势，与下文的“overstimulated”和“lower stress in calm environment”相呼应，上下文语意连贯。 【49题详解】 上文“If you are sensitive, then the people you care about will be happier to accept you.(如果你是敏感的，那么你在乎的人会更乐意接受你)”指出敏感者身边的人会接纳真实的他们，下文“Do not hide it. Show it to the world.(不要隐藏它。向世界展示它)”呼吁敏感者勇敢展示自己。C选项“It is a trait that is part of who you are.(这是一种特质，是你自身的一部分)”承接上文，进一步解释为什么应该展示真实自我——因为敏感是人的内在特质，无法被剥离也不应被隐藏，与下文的呼吁形成因果逻辑。 第五部分：书面表达 第一节（共 4 小题；30、31 题 2 分，32 题 3 分，33 题 5 分，共 12 分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Survey data show that American customers today are more than twice as likely to complain about a product or service as they were in 1976. People are grumbling more at work too. Nearly a third of employers in one UK-based survey witnessed an increase in employee complaints over a two-year period. Of course, you can always find something to complain about. But if you do so habitually, that is probably hurting you, making others feel down, and making you a less attractive person to be around. So you might want to resist the trend toward a culture of complaint. There are two types of complaining: “instrumental” and “chronic”. “Instrumental” complaining is done to solve a clear problem. “Chronic” complaining is a state in which the complainers constantly think about their misery and try to obtain sympathy. The problem with complaining is that even though it can feel therapeutic, it typically doesn’t lead to positive changes in the long run. Studies show that the more people complain, the more negative they feel. Even worse, in some cases, the people around you will also become negative. Let’s assume, however, that you live in a society that does not rely on spreading misery. Much more likely is that it is time to stop complaining. If you can deal with dissatisfaction positively, the people you care about will be happier too. 50. What is the purpose of “instrumental” complaining? __________________________________________________________________________________ 51. What are the negative effects of complaining? __________________________________________________________________________________ 52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain it. “Chronic” complaining is a state in which the complainers constantly think about their misery and try to obtain encouragement. __________________________________________________________________________________ 53. Instead of complaining, how would you deal with dissatisfaction in life? (In about 40 words) __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】50. It is done to solve a clear problem. 51. It hurts oneself, makes others feel down, makes one unattractive, and makes people more negative. 52. “Chronic” complaining is a state in which the complainers constantly think about their misery and try to obtain encouragement. “Chronic” complaining is a state in which the complainers constantly think about their misery and try to obtain sympathy. 53. I will keep calm and try to find practical solutions instead of complaining. I will adjust my mindset and take positive action to improve the situation. Besides, I will communicate my dissatisfaction politely to avoid negative emotions piling up. 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了如今消费者和职场人士抱怨现象日益增多，区分了功利性抱怨和习惯性消极抱怨两种类型，指出频繁抱怨的负面影响，并建议人们停止无谓抱怨、以积极方式处理不满情绪。 【50题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第三段““Instrumental” complaining is done to solve a clear problem.(功利性抱怨是为了解决某个明确的问题。)”可知，功利性抱怨的目的是解决明确的问题。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第二段“But if you do so habitually, that is probably hurting you, making others feel down, and making you a less attractive person to be around.(如果习惯性抱怨，可能会伤害自己、让他人情绪低落，也会让自己变得不受欢迎。)”以及第四段“Studies show that the more people complain, the more negative they feel. Even worse, in some cases, the people around you will also become negative.(研究表明，人们抱怨越多，自身情绪越消极，甚至还会让身边的人也变得消极。)”可知，抱怨会伤害自身、令他人心情低落、让人变得不受欢迎，还会使自己和身边人变得消极。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第三段““Chronic” complaining is a state in which the complainers constantly think about their misery and try to obtain sympathy.(习惯性抱怨是这样一种状态：抱怨者总是纠结于自身的不幸遭遇，还试图博取他人的同情。)”可知，习惯性抱怨者试图博取他人的同情，而不是鼓励，原句中encouragement为错误表述，需要划线标出。 【53题详解】 开放性题目。题干问：不选择抱怨的话，你会如何处理生活中的不满情绪？根据最后一段“If you can deal with dissatisfaction positively, the people you care about will be happier too.(如果你能以积极的心态处理心中的不满，你在乎的人也会过得更开心。)”可知，要以积极的心态处理心中的不满。可回答：我会保持冷静，努力寻找切实可行的解决办法。我会调整心态，采取积极行动去改善现状。此外，我会礼貌表达自己的不满，避免负面情绪不断堆积。答案不唯一，言之有理即可。 第二节（20 分） 54. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim正在策划一次以“Art Meets Tech”为主题的校园科技艺术节，为此发来邮件，就活动内容询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 提出的建议； 2. 建议的理由。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Jim, Glad to hear you’re planning a campus tech & art festival themed “Art Meets Tech”. I’d like to offer some practical suggestions. First, you can hold a digital painting show, where students create works with tablets and software. It clearly shows how technology makes creation easier and more creative. Besides, a short video competition about traditional art would be great. Videos help spread classical beauty in a modern way. These activities are popular among students and perfectly combine art and technology. I believe they will make your festival lively and impressive. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以红星中学高三学生李华的身份，给英国好友Jim写一封回信，就其策划的“Art Meets Tech”主题校园科技艺术节提出活动建议，并说明建议的理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：glad → delighted 展示：show → demonstrate 传播：spread → circulate 受欢迎的：popular → well-received 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I believe they will make your festival lively and impressive. 拓展句：I hold the belief that they will make your festival lively and impressive. 【点睛】【高分句型1】First, you can hold a digital painting show, where students create works with tablets and software. (运用了where引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】It clearly shows how technology makes creation easier and more creative. (运用了how引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $