专题25 语篇类型（知识清单）-2026年小升初英语复习讲练测（广东专版）

该小学英语小升初知识清单系统梳理小学阶段核心语篇类型，涵盖记叙文、说明文、应用文、议论文及非连续性文本五大模块，每个模块细分定义特点、考察形式、主题关联等内容，重点标注经典例题与解题策略，助力学生构建完整知识体系。 亮点在于融合核心素养设计，如语言能力培养通过“圈画关键词”“抓中心句”等做题策略提升语篇理解，思维品质训练结合排序题、细节题等题型强化分析推断能力，配套“复述故事”“日记练习”等备考技巧，方便学生高效复习和家长辅导，为教师教学提供清晰框架与实用资源。

小升初英语专题总复习 专题25 语篇类型 语篇类型是根据语言功能、结构形式及社会用途划分的文本类别‌，主要包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等，同时也涵盖口头与书面、连续与非连续等多种维度，并与“人与自我”“人与社会”“人与自然”三大主题范畴紧密关联，考查学生对语篇结构、语言特征和交际功能的识别与理解能力。新课标将语篇视为语言学习与运用的基本单位，强调学生应通过不同类型的语篇理解语言的意义、形式与使用规则，提升综合运用能力，通过融入社会主义核心价值观、中华优秀传统文化及真实生活情境，落实核心素养培养，助力学生在语言实践中发展语言能力、思维品质与文化意识。 考点 语篇类型 一、记叙文 1. 定义与特点 · 定义：以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主，以写人物的经历和事物发展变化为主要内容的一种文体形式。 · 特点：具有“六要素”（时间、地点、人物、起因、经过、结果）；通常按时间顺序或事情发展顺序叙述；情感色彩浓厚，常包含人物的心情变化。 2. 常见考察形式 （1）细节理解题：询问某人做了什么、去了哪里、心情如何。 （2）排序题：给出一系列事件，要求学生按故事发展顺序排列。 （3）判断正误题：判断关于故事情节或人物特征的描述是否正确。 3. 主题关联 人与自我：个人成长经历、生日派对、假期生活、日常作息。 人与社会：家庭聚会、朋友交往、学校活动。 · 经典例题方向 示例1： Last summer holiday, Wang Kun took a trip to Sanya, Hainan with his sister. It was a long holiday. Their father drove them to the railway station and they took the train to Sanya on July 11th and got to Sanya on the morning of July 12th. It was sunny and much warmer in Sanya. On the first day, they went to a nature park with their uncle. There is a big forest in it. The air is fresh. The clouds are white. They ran and played there for a long time. On the second day, they went to the beach. Wang Kun and his sister went swimming in the sea. They were both really excited. On July 14th, they went to the aquarium. They saw a lot of interesting and unusual fish there. On July 15th, they went shopping. They bought special gifts for their friends. They got back home by plane on July 16th. They were tired, but they were very happy. 考察点：这篇短文是一篇典型的记叙文，主要讲述了Wang Kun和妹妹去三亚旅行的经历。考察学生从长文中提取关键信息的能力，通常以Wh-问题（特殊疑问句）的形式出现。 示例2： Kong Rong’s family get some pears. Some are small, and some are big. Kong Rong’s father says to him, “My little son, have a pear. It’s delicious.” Kong Rong passes the biggest one to his eldest brother and says, “Here you are. It’s sweet.” He gives his brothers some big pears. Their pears are bigger than his. His father asks him, “Why do you eat the smallest pear?” Kong Rong says, “I’m younger than all of them, so I eat the smallest pear.” 考察点：这篇短文改编自中国传统故事《孔融让梨》，是一篇典型的记叙文。考察形容词的比较级，考察学生从短文中提取具体信息并理解人物行为动机的能力。 · 做题策略 圈画关键词：在阅读时圈出表示时间的词（如yesterday, last week, then）和动词短语。 理清脉络：关注事情发展的先后顺序，注意连接词（first, next, then, finally）。 关注情感：人物情感在记叙文中是非常重要的一个部分，往往在题目中会被考察。 · 备考策略 复述故事：练习用自己的话复述课文中的小故事，强化对六要素的掌握。 日记练习：坚持写简短的英文日记，记录每天发生的一件事。 二、说明文 1. 定义与特点 · 定义：以说明为主要表达方式，对事物、事理进行介绍、解释的一种文体。 · 特点：客观、准确、科学；常用一般现在时；结构清晰（总-分，或分点说明）。 2. 常见考察形式 （1）细节捕捉题：询问事物的特征、功能、习性等。 （2）主旨大意题：这篇文章主要讲了什么？ （3）图表匹配题：将文字描述与图片进行匹配。 3. 主题关联 人与自然：动物介绍（熊猫、大象）、植物生长、天气气候。 人与自我：身体部位功能、健康饮食习惯。 · 经典例题方向 示例1： Do you know about the sun, the moon or the Earth? Let me tell you. The sun is a star. It is big, bright and hot. And it gives us light and heat (热). We need the sun. Animals and plants both need it, too. The moon is a satellite (卫星). It goes round the Earth. On the moon, there is no water or air. So no people live on it. The Earth is a planet (行星). It goes round the sun. We live on the Earth. It is our home. So we should protect (保护) our home—the Earth. 考察点：这是一篇典型的说明文。主要考察学生对天体基本特征（太阳、地球、月球）的认知与区分能力，重点在于提取关键信息，以及它们之间的运动关系（月球绕地球转、地球绕太阳转）。 示例2： You may think this is a talk between two people. But what if B is a robot? This is ChatGPT. It is a clever AI chatbot made by a US company. ChatGPT works by learning lots of language data and then using it to create natural-sounding conversations. This means it can do a lot of things. It can answer questions, give advice, and even chat with people. For example, “ What’s the weather like today? ” or “ It’s 40 degrees out today. What should I wear? ” It can give people some advices. Moreover, it can write emails, essays and code. It even can do some exams. But the AI chatbot has its problems, too. Sometimes it is offline and doesn’t work, because it only answers questions with information in its database (数据库). So it is not good at thinking or being creative like humans. Overall, ChatGPT is very useful. It helps people have easier conversations and get information. 考察点：这是一篇典型的说明文，主要考察学生对新兴科技话题的理解与信息提取能力。重点在于把握说明对象的特征与功能以及局限性（依赖数据库/缺乏创造力/有时会离线）。 · 做题策略 抓中心句：说明文的第一句或最后一句往往是中心句。 略读与扫读：不需要逐字翻译，快速扫描关键词（如数字、形容词）。 · 备考策略 思维导图：学习用思维导图归纳课文中介绍事物的段落（如介绍动物：Name-Size-Color-Food）。 积累词汇：多积累描述性形容词（tall, heavy, cute, dangerous）。 三、应用文 1. 定义与特点 · 定义：日常生活、学习或工作中常用的，具有固定格式和实用功能的文体。 · 特点：格式固定（如称呼、正文、落款）；目的明确（通知、邀请、介绍）；语言简洁明了。 2. 常见类型：书信（邀请函、感谢信）、电子邮件、海报、通知、便条、菜单。 3. 常见考察形式 （1）信息提取题：询问时间、地点、人物、费用等具体信息。 （2）推断题：根据内容推断写信人的目的或收信人是谁。 （3）补全信息题：根据上下文补全海报或通知中的空缺信息。 4. 主题关联 人与社会：学校通知、社团招募、节日庆祝邀请。 人与自我：制定计划、购物清单、个人喜好介绍。 · 经典例题方向 示例1： Dear Friend, Hello! My name is Bill. I am 12 years old. I come from the UK. We are learning about life in different countries at school, and I would like to be your pen pal (笔友)! Let me introduce myself. I have lots of hobbies. I really enjoy playing basketball. Every weekend, I play basketball with my friends in the park. I also like reading books. Charlotte’s Web is my favourite book. I think the story is very interesting and touching. My favourite subject is science. In science class, we do many fun experiments (实验). Last week, we did an experiment about how plants grow. It was so cool. Christmas is my favourite festival. On Christmas Day, my family and I decorate (装饰) the Christmas tree together. We also give each other gifts. It’s such a happy time. At home, I do a lot of family chores. I always clean my bedroom. I tidy up my toys and books every day. I can also take out the rubbish. Can you tell me about your life? Hope to hear from you soon. Yours, Bill 考察点：这篇短文是一封典型的应用文（书信），主题是“结交笔友”。文章主要考察一般现在时在描述个人情况、爱好及日常习惯中的运用，以及第一人称的表达能力。重点考察学生从文本中提取关键信息（如姓名、国籍、爱好、喜欢的科目等）的能力，以及考察学生对书信格式及交际用语的理解。 示例2： Friday, September 13th My friend Julie and I joined in a show at our school. Julie likes dancing. And I like acting and singing. We worked hard every day to give the show and we were excited about it. Before the show started, I felt worried. I couldn’t remember (记住) my words. I asked Julie to go without me, but she didn’t. She was kind. She told me to trust myself and went for it. With Julie’s encouragement (鼓励), I took a deep breath and tried to calm down. I worked for weeks, and I didn’t want to let my fear (恐惧) get in the way of things I love. So I joined Julie and we showed ourselves to all the people. At first, I was nervous (紧张的). But as I got into the show, I started to enjoy myself. At last, everyone cheered happily. And I was happy too. I learned that facing my fear can lead to success. With the encouragement of friends, we can get anything we set our hearts on. 考察点：这是一篇典型的应用文（日记）。主要考察学生对情感变化脉络的梳理能力，重点在于理解作者从“worried/nervous”（担忧/紧张）到“calm down”（冷静），最后“enjoy myself/happy”（享受/开心）的心理转变过程。 · 做题策略 关注格式：先看标题、称呼、落款，快速判断文本类型。 快速提取：提取关键信息（时间、地点、要求、联系方式）。 理解意图：交际意图（邀请、告知、请求、感谢等）。 定位信息：利用“5W1H”（Who, When, Where, What, Why, How）在文中快速定位答案。 · 备考策略 熟悉格式：熟练掌握书信、邮件、通知的标准格式。 情景模拟：模拟写一张请假条或生日邀请函。 四、议论文 1. 定义与特点 · 定义：在小学阶段，不要求严格的论证逻辑，主要指表达个人观点、喜好、建议的短文。 · 特点：观点鲜明（I think... / I like...）；通常伴随简单的理由（because...）。 2. 常见考察形式 （1）观点判断题：作者喜欢A还是B？ （2）理由匹配题：作者为什么持有这个观点？ 3. 主题关联 人与自我：喜好与厌恶、生活习惯评价、未来梦想。 人与社会：对规则的看法（Should we...?）。 · 经典例题方向 示例1： Which is better, the city life or the country life? I think the city life is much better than the country life. Although it's crowded and dirty in the city, we can get a lot from the city. We can visit a museum and go to different shows. We can learn a lot. We can go to the cinema and the shop. There are many supermarkets in the city. There are many new things we can see in the city. In the countryside, we can't do these. I like living in the city. 考察点：这是一篇典型的议论文（观点表达类短文）。主要考察学生对作者观点（I think...）和论证逻辑（Although..., because...）的理解能力，也考察学生归纳主旨的能力，即理解作者“喜欢城市生活”的核心态度。作者认为早起好吗？ 示例2： Welcome to Hong Kong. Hong Kong is a big and beautiful city. The buildings here are very tall and modern. It's noisy and crowded, but it's very clean. You will have a good time here. I think we can do many things here. First, we can go shopping in the shopping center. The clothes are so beautiful. Then, we can go to Disneyland. There are many famous cartoon characters and we can take photos with Snow White and Donald Duck. I think the Ocean Park is a good place to visit, too. We can play in the water and have fun. The animal show in the Ocean Park is fun and interesting. 考察点：这是一篇含有作者观点的旅游介绍类文章（议论文）。主要考察学生对城市特征描述的理解与提取能力。重点在于梳理游览活动的顺序与内容，准确获取关键信息。文章还考察学生归纳主旨的能力，即理解香港作为旅游目的地的“繁华”与“乐趣”。 · 做题策略 找观点词：寻找I like, I love, I think, should等表达态度的词。 找连接词：重点关注because后面的内容，这通常是解题关键。 · 备考策略 句型操练：熟练运用“I think...”、“In my opinion...”、“We should...”等句型表达看法。 五、非连续性文本 1. 定义与特点 · 定义：由图表、图形、清单、目录、时刻表、地图、广告等组成的文本，不是连续的段落。 · 特点：直观、信息密度大、碎片化；阅读目的是快速获取特定信息。 2. 常见考察形式 （1）数据读取题：价格是多少？几点开始？ （2）对比题：哪个更贵？哪个更近？ （3）综合判断题：根据图表判断下列说法的对错。 3. 主题关联 人与社会：购物清单、价目表、公交车时刻表、天气预报图。 人与自我：课程表、体检报告。 · 经典例题方向 示例1： 考察点：这是一篇典型的非连续性文本（海报/通知）。主要考察学生快速定位信息和提取关键细节的能力。重点在于能否从图表或短文中准确抓取时间（具体日期、时刻）、地点以及活动内容（能做什么、不能做什么）。同时，也考察学生对传统节日文化词汇的理解与辨识。 示例2： Magic Growth Park Weekend Activity Poster Time: Sunday, 20th April, 9:00 a.m. - 4:00 p.m. Place: Magic Growth Park (Animal World & Food Station) Activities: 1. Animal Show: Pandas will eat bamboo. Tigers will jump and run. You can take photos with small monkeys. 2. Food Party: You can make your own hamburgers and drink fresh orange juice. The food is free for kids! 3. Clothes Show: Kids can wear favourite clothes and walk on the small stage. The best dress will get a gift. Rules: Bring your own camera and a small bag. Don’t feed the animals. Be on time! 考察点：这是一篇典型的非连续性文本（活动海报）。主要考察学生快速检索信息和提取关键细节的能力。重点在于能否从海报中准确抓取时间、地点、具体活动内容（看动物表演、做汉堡、走秀）以及注意事项/规则。 · 做题策略 先看题干：带着问题去图表中找答案，不要漫无目的地看。 关注标题和图例：搞清楚图表在讲什么（是价格？是时间？还是温度？）。 · 备考策略 生活素材：收集超市传单、电影票、车票等，练习从中提取信息。 制作图表：尝试将自己的作息时间制作成表格。 考点再现 阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 Today is Children's Day. There is a show at the zoo. Many children are at the zoo. Look at the animals! They are so cute. The birds are flying and singing in the sky. The tigers are running. The pandas are climbing trees. They are good climbers. The kangaroos are jumping. The mother elephant is eating bananas and the baby elephant is drinking water. Look! What are those? They are two lions. They are playing with a ball. And the monkeys are swinging. ( )1．What's the date today? A．June 2nd. B．July 1st. C．June 1st. ( )2．Where are the children? A．At the zoo. B．At school. C．In the park. ( )3．The tigers are ________. A．flying B．running C．jumping ( )4．The mother elephant is ________. A．climbing trees B．drinking water C．eating bananas ( )5．The ________ are swinging. A．birds B．monkeys C．lions 过关训练 一、阅读下列短文，从每小题的三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Plastics are a big problem for ocean life. It is thought that over eight million tonnes of plastic, often carried by wind through rivers and streams, finds its way into the ocean every year. It can be anything from plastic bags to food wrappers. Plastic is very strong. It can take up to one thousand years for plastic to break down in the water. A plastic bag in the ocean can look like a jellyfish and be mistaken for food by different animals such as turtles, whales. How can we help? First, we should say “No” to plastic bags. We can reuse old bags or carry backpacks. Then we should refill and reuse glass bottles instead of buying bottled drinks. Finally, we should sort the rubbish and use recycling bins. ( )1．_________ eight million tonnes of plastic is thrown into the ocean every year. A．About B．Near C．Over ( )2．How long does a plastic be broken down in the water? A．100 years B．1000 years C．10,000 years ( )3．What can a plastic bag look like in the ocean? A．A jellyfish. B．A fish. C．A turtle. ( )4．How many ways can we help the ocean? A．Three. B．Two. C．Five. ( )5．What can we know from the passage? A．Plastic can get blown into rivers, streams and the sea. B．Only turtles and whales will eat the plastic bags as the food. C．We can reuse the plastic bags instead of the backpacks. 二、阅读理解。 There are some Park Culture Seasons in Shenzhen. Culture blooms in the park! Event(项目) Fun Playtime Summer Concert (音乐会) Donghu Flower Show Description(描述) You can watch the play Alice in Wonderland and then have picnics here. Come relax! Lie on the grass and enjoy music. Let’s enjoy colorful flowers and visit Shenzhen Art Museum featuring floral paintings. Time 9 a.m.-11 a.m. August 5th 7 p.m. - 9 p.m. August 12th-14th 8 a.m.-6 p.m. September 10th-18th Place Lianhua Mountain Park Shenzhen Bay Park Donghu Park Ticket ¥35You can buy the ticket at http://cgj.sz.gov.cn FreeYou can book the ticket by calling 0755-23456789 FreeYou can book the ticket at the gate of Donghu Park. ( )1．If you want to enjoy music on the grass, you can go to ______. A．Lianhua Mountain Park B．Shenzhen Bay Park C．Donghu Park ( )2．If you want to watch the play Alice in Wonderland with your parents, you should pay (支付) _______. A．35 yuan B．70 yuan C．105 yuan ( )3．If you want to watch the flower show, you can go to Donghu Park on ______. A．August 12th B．September 12th C．September 20th ( )4．If you want to book a ticket of Summer Concert, you can ______. A．go to Donghu Park B．call 0755-23456789 C．go to Shenzhen Bay Park ( )5．Which sentence is NOT right? A．People can enjoy the play in Donghu Park. B．People can go to Lianhua Mountain Park to watch the play on August 5th. C．People can go to Shenzhen Bay Park to enjoy the music on August 13th. 三、阅读有关 Ants (蚂蚁)的短文，完成以下任务。 Ants are almost everywhere! We usually feel angry (生气的) about them. But these little ones can teach us something. Never Give Up (放弃) Ants don’t sit down or become sad when something is in front of them. One day, I watched a small ant taking a bug (虫子). A big leaf (叶子) was in its way. But the ant didn’t give up. It worked very hard. Finally, the ant got the bug over the leaf and into the nest (巢穴). Always Plan for the Future (未来) Ants know about seasons. They collect food and build nests in summer and autumn. When the cold winter days come, they usually stay in their warm nests. And they won’t be hungry. Work Together Ants are small. Everyone has its job. But they also work well as a team. Because they know they can do so much together. You see, we can learn a lot from ants. 1．判断下列句子是否符合短文意思，相符的写“T”，不符的写“F”。 ( )(1) People usually feel angry when they see ants everywhere. ( )(2) The small ant didn’t give up when a big leaf was in its way. ( )(3) Ants always collect food and build nests in winter. ( )(4) Ants usually feel hungry in cold winter. ( )(5) Ants have their jobs and they work as a team. 2．回答以下问题。 (1) Do you like ants? Why? ____________________________________________________________ (2) Ants are small. But we can learn a lot from them. What do you learn from the ants? ____________________________________________________________ 一、根据短文内容，选择正确的答案。 Dear Amy, I’m very happy to know you will come to my home next Friday. But I have a very important math lesson that afternoon. So I’m sorry I can’t meet you at the train station. Let me tell you the way to my home. When you come out of the train station, turn left and walk along the street to the zoo. Then turn right when you get to the zoo. Then you are on Bridge Street. You can see a big supermarket on the street. Behind the supermarket is Sixth Street. Go to Sixth Street. On this street, you can see a museum on your right. My house is also on this street. It’s a yellow house with a small garden. If you still can’t find it, you can ask Mrs White. She can help you find the way. She is my aunt and she works in Blue Sky Clothes Shop on that street. I hope you have a good trip. Best, Lingling ( )1．Amy will go to Lingling’s house ______. A．this Friday B．next Friday ( )2．Lingling can’t meet Amy at the station on Friday afternoon because ______. A．she has an important lesson B．she doesn’t know the way ( )3．Amy should turn right when she ______. A．comes out of the station B．gets to the zoo ( )4．Lingling’s house is______. A．on Bridge Street B．on Sixth Street ( )5．Mrs White ______. A．can find Lingling’s house B．lives on Sixth Street 二、阅读学校通知，选择最佳的选项。 Happy Primary School NOTICE(通知)Dear parents, Welcome to our school on the Open Day! Date: 28th October                        Time: 8:30 a.m. — 11:30 a.m. Transportation(交通工具): by bus/by car/on foot... Time Place Activities 8:30—8:50 the playground watch kids playing sport 9:00—10:10 different classrooms have classes with kids 10:15—10:50 the teachers’ office talk with teachers 11:00—11:30 the school hall watch shows and have a meeting For any questions, please call Mr Yang. (Tel: 12345678910) ( )1．The notice is about the ______. A．Sports Day B．Open Day C．Parents’ Day ( )2．How long will the parents stay in Happy Primary School? A．For 3 hours. B．For 4 hours. C．For 5 hours. ( )3．At 8:40, parents are watching their kids ______. A．painting B．singing C．doing exercise ( )4．Which of the following is not right? A．The Open Day will be on 28th October B．Parents can only go to school by car. C．Finally, the parents will go to the school hall to watch shows and have a meeting. 三、阅读短文，判断句子的正(T)误(F)。 Last weekend we had a birthday party for our classmate Zhang Xiaohui. She is younger than me, but I am shorter than her. And she looks stronger. Of course, she is heavier than me. We went to a shop to buy a present for Xiaohui. What did we buy? We bought a doll for her. Because she told me “I haven't got a lovely doll.” When she got our present she looked excited (兴奋的). She was very happy. We went to the zoo. We saw elephants. We wanted to go boating in Jingming Park, but it was too late, we had to go home. We had a good time on that day. ( )1．Xiaohui is taller than me. ( )2．We bought a doll for Xiaohui. ( )3．We went to a shop last month. ( )4．We had a good time on that day. ( )5．Xiaohui is older than me, so she is heavier than me. 四、判断下列句子是否符合短文内容，如符合写T，否则写F。 Keeping safe around strangers A stranger is someone that you or your family do not know. Strangers can be nice and friendly. But some can be not. If you get lost, or feel unsafe and your grown-up is not near you, look for a safer stranger to talk to for help. Safer strangers are people who you can talk to and they will help you if you get lost. Safer strangers wear a uniform and a badge. You can tell the safer stranger your name and your parents’ telephone number. But never go anywhere with a stranger. Never get in a car with a stranger. If a stranger gives you a present or some sweets, say “NO” loudly. If the strangers want to take you home, say “No, I don’t know you.” and stay with your teacher or safer adult. ( )1．All the strangers are nice and friendly. ( )2．Safer strangers can help you when you are in trouble. ( )3．In this passage, “grown-up” means “classmate”. ( )4．You can get in a car and go home with any strangers. 五、根据短文内容判断下列句子与短文是(T)否(F)相符。 Wang Yaping is a great astronaut. She is also a teacher in Tiangong Space Station. She is tall and thin. She has long hair. She is very clever and hard-working. Wang Yaping often gets up early in the morning. She usually goes to work by car. She is very busy on weekdays. On the weekend, she usually runs with her husband. And she often reads books at home. She likes reading very much. Sometimes, she plays the guzheng. Wang Yaping’s birthday is in January. On that day, her family will get together and have a nice time. ( )1．Wang Yaping is a teacher in a school. ( )2．Maybe Wang Yaping often gets up at 10:00 a.m. ( )3．Wang Yaping often reads books at home on the weekend. ( )4．Wang Yaping’s birthday is in winter. ( )5．Wang Yaping will be happy on her birthday. 六、阅读短文，完成以下任务。 When we are ill, we have to leave school and stay at home or in hospital. We can’t study or play with our classmates. That makes us sad and bored. Now Norwegian(挪威的) scientists make a robot who can help these children. This robot is called AV1. When the ill child leaves the school, AV1 will sit at the child’s desk in the classroom. The child uses a phone to start it at home. The robot becomes the eyes and ears of the child. Through the robot, the child can hear and see his or her teachers and classmates. It’s helpful and useful. ( )1．When we are ill, we have to stay at school. ( )2．AV1 is invented by Norwegian scientists. ( )3．AV1 will company(陪伴) the ill child at home. ( )4．The child can hear and see what happens in the school through the robot. ( )5．AV1 is useful and helpful. 七、任务型阅读 A．Many years ago, there was no light at night. They could find a way by the stars. B．Later, people could make a map. They walked around a place and wrote notes. Then they drew a map. C． Sometimes, people went to other cities. There were no planes or trains then. So they went by ship. Compass could help them at the sea. D．Now, when people walk on the road or drive a car, they can use the BDS. It’s very helpful! 1．阅读短文，根据短文内容用阿拉伯数字给下列图片排序。 ( )( )( )( ) 2．根据短文内容选择正确的答案。 ( )(1) How to find a way many years ago? Which one is NOT true? A．They could look at the stars at night.    B．They could use a map or a compass.    C． They could use BDS. ( )(2) How to make a map many years ago? A．They walked around a place and wrote notes, then they drew it.    B．They used a computer.    C． They thought it at night. ( )(3) People went to other cities by ______ many years ago? A．plane    B．ship    C． bike ( )(4) BDS can help us ______. A．do homework    B．find the way    C． clean the room 3．根据实际情况回答问题。 Mr Young lives in Huidong. He is going to take a trip to Guangzhou with his friends tomorrow, how can they get there? ____________________________________________________________ 答案与解析 考点梳理 考点再现 一、1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了儿童节那天，许多孩子在动物园观看动物表演的情景，描述了各种动物正在进行的动作。 1．句意：今天是几月几日？根据“Today is Children's Day.”，可知今天是儿童节，即6月1日。 2．句意：孩子们在哪里？根据“Many children are at the zoo.”，可知孩子们在动物园。 3．句意：老虎正在______。A飞，B跑，C跳。根据“The tigers are running.”，可知老虎正在跑。 4．句意：大象妈妈正在______。A爬树，B喝水，C吃香蕉。根据“The mother elephant is eating bananas...”，可知大象妈妈正在吃香蕉。 5．句意：______正在荡秋千。A鸟，B猴子，C狮子。根据“And the monkeys are swinging.”，可知猴子正在荡秋千。 过关训练 一、1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了塑料对海洋生物的危害以及如何保护海洋。 1．句意：每年有______八百万吨的塑料被排入海洋。About大约，Near接近，Over超过，根据“It is thought that over eight million tonnes of plastic, often carried by wind through rivers...”，可知每年有超过八百万吨的塑料被排入海洋。 2．句意：塑料在水中需要多久才能完全分解？根据“It can take up to one thousand years for plastic to break down in the water.”，可知塑料在水中分解可能需要长达一千年之久。 3．句意：塑料袋在海洋中会呈现出什么样的样子呢？A jellyfish一只水母，A fish一条鱼，A turtle一只乌龟，根据“A plastic bag in the ocean can look like a jellyfish...”，可知海洋中的一个塑料袋可能会看起来像一只水母。 4．句意：我们能以多少种方式来保护海洋呢？根据“First, we should say... Then we should... Finally, we should...”，可知列举了 3 种帮助海洋的方法。 5．句意：从这篇文章中我们可以了解到什么？根据“It is thought that over eight million tonnes of plastic, often carried by wind through rivers and streams, find its way into the ocean every year.”，可知塑料常被风通过河流和溪流带入海洋，表述正确。 二、1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了深圳的文化节。 1．句意：如果你想在草地上欣赏音乐，你可以去______。A莲花山公园，B深圳湾公园，C东湖公园，根据“Come relax! Lie on the grass and enjoy music.”和“Shenzhen Bay Park”可知可以在深圳湾公园躺着欣赏音乐。 2．句意：如果你想和父母一起观看戏剧《爱丽丝梦游仙境》，你应该支付____。根据表格可是《爱丽丝梦游仙境》一张35元一张票，35×3=105。 3．句意：如果你想观看花展，你可以在______去东湖公园。A8月12日，B9月12日，C9月20日，根据表格“September 10th-18th”可知东湖公园的花展时间是9月10-18日。 4．句意：如果你想预订一张夏日音乐会的门票，你可以______。A去东湖公园，B打电话 0755-23456789，C去深圳湾公园，根据表格“You can buy the ticket by calling 0755-23456789”可知可以打电话预定。 5．句意：哪个句子是不正确的？A人们可以在东湖公园欣赏戏剧。B8月5日，人们可以去莲花山公园观看演出。C8月13日，人们可以去深圳湾公园欣赏音乐。根据表格“You can watch the play Alice in Wonderland and then have picnics here.”和“Lianhua Mountain Park”可知戏剧是在莲花山公园。 三、1． T T F F T 2． Yes, I do. Because they are very united. I learn the importance of perseverance and never giving up. 【导语】本文介绍了蚂蚁的三种品质：永不放弃、为未来做计划以及团队合作，并指出我们可以从蚂蚁身上学到很多东西。 1．(1)句意：当人们看到到处都是蚂蚁时，他们通常会感到生气。根据“Ants are almost everywhere! We usually feel angry (生气的) about them.”可知题干描述正确，故答案为T。 (2)句意：当一片大叶子挡在路上时，小蚂蚁没有放弃。根据“One day, I watched a small ant taking a bug (虫子). A big leaf (叶子) was in its way. But the ant didn’t give up.”可知题干描述正确，故答案为T。 (3)句意：蚂蚁总是在冬天收集食物和建造巢穴。根据“Ants know about seasons. They collect food and build nests in summer and autumn.”可知蚂蚁在夏天和秋天收集食物和建造巢穴，而不是在冬天。故答案为F。 (4)句意：蚂蚁在寒冷的冬天通常会感到饥饿。根据“When the cold winter days come, they usually stay in their warm nests. And they won’t be hungry.”可知在寒冷的冬天，蚂蚁通常呆在温暖的巢穴里，不会感到饥饿。故答案为F。 (5)句意：蚂蚁有他们的工作，他们作为一个团队工作。根据“Ants are small. Everyone has its job. But they also work well as a team.”可知蚂蚁虽小，但每个人都有自己的工作，并且他们作为一个团队工作得很好。故答案为T。 2．(1)句意：你喜欢蚂蚁吗？为什么？根据实际情况作答，可以说：我喜欢。因为他们很团结。故答案为Yes, I do. Because they are very united. (2)句意：蚂蚁很小。但我们可以从他们身上学到很多。你从蚂蚁身上学到了什么？根据实际情况作答，可以说：我学到了坚持和永不放弃的重要性。故答案为I learn the importance of perseverance and never giving up. 一、1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述的是玲玲写信告诉艾米下周五来她家的路线，并说明自己因有数学课无法去车站接她，同时提到可以找怀特夫人帮忙指路。 1．句意：______艾米将去玲玲家。this Friday这周五，next Friday下周五，根据句子“I’m very happy to know you will come to my home next Friday.”，可知艾米下周五将去玲玲家，故选B。 2．句意：玲玲星期五下午不能去车站接艾米，因为______。she has an important lesson她有一堂重要的课，she doesn’t know the way她不认识路，根据句子“But I have a very important math lesson that afternoon. So I’m sorry I can’t meet you at the train station.”，可知玲玲不能在车站接艾米的原因是她有一堂重要的课，故选A。 3．句意：艾米应该在她______时向右转。comes out of the station从车站出来，gets to the zoo到达动物园，根据句子“Then turn right when you get to the zoo.”，可知艾米应该在到达动物园的时候向右转，故选B。 4．句意：玲玲的房子在______。on Bridge Street在大桥街，on Sixth Street在第六大街，根据句子“Go to Sixth Street. On this street, you can see a museum on your right. My house is also on this street.”，可知玲玲的房子在第六大街上，故选B。 5．句意：怀特夫人_____。can find Lingling’s house可以找到玲玲的家，lives on Sixth Street住在第六大街，根据句子“If you still can’t find it, you can ask Mrs White.”，可知怀特夫人可以找到玲玲的家，故选A。 二、1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文讲了开放日的通知。 1．句意：通知是关于_______的。A运动会，B开放日，C父母日，根据“Welcome to our school on the Open Day!”，可知通知是关于开放日的，故选B。 2．句意：家长们将在快乐小学待多久？A3个小时，B4个小时，C5个小时。根据“Time: 8:30 a.m. — 11:30 a.m.”，可知家长们将在快乐小学待3个小时，故选A。 3．句意：在8:40，父母正在看他们的孩子_______。A绘画，B唱歌，C做锻炼，根据“8:30—8:50 the playground watch kids playing sport”，可知在8:40，父母正在看他们的孩子做锻炼，故选C。 4．句意：以下哪一项是不正确的？A开放日将在10月28日。B父母只能开车去学校。C最后，家长们将去学校礼堂观看演出并开会。根据“Transportation(交通工具): by bus/by car/on foot...”，可知父母去学校的交通工具可以是多种，故选B。 三、1．T 2．T 3．F 4．T 5．F 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者和同学们上周末为同学张小慧举办生日聚会、买礼物以及去动物园游玩的经历。 【解析】1．句意：小慧比我高。根据文中“She is younger than me, but I am shorter than her.”，可知小慧比“我”矮，但“我”比她更矮（即她比“我”高），表述正确。 2．句意：我们给小慧买了一个洋娃娃。根据文中“We bought a doll for her.”，可知作者他们确实给小慧买了一个洋娃娃，表述正确。 3．句意：上个月我们去了商店。根据文中“Last weekend we had a birthday party... We went to a shop...”，可知事情发生在上周末（last weekend），而不是上个月（last month），表述错误。 4．句意：那天我们玩得很开心。根据文中“We had a good time on that day.”，可知那天大家玩得很开心，表述正确。 5．句意：小慧比我大，所以她比我重。根据文中“She is younger than me... Of course, she is heavier than me.”，可知小慧比“我”小（younger），而不是比“我”大（older），表述错误。 四、1．F 2．T 3．F 4．F 【导语】本文主要介绍了要学会在陌生人身边保持安全。 1．句意：所有的陌生人都很友善。由“Strangers can be nice and friendly.But some can be not.”陌生人可以很友善。但有些可能不是。可知并不是所有的陌生人都很友善。此处描述不相符。故答案为F。 2．句意：当你遇到麻烦时，更安全的陌生人可以帮助你。由“Safer strangers are people who you can talk to and they will help you if you get lost.”更安全的陌生人是你可以与之交谈的人，如果你迷路了，他们会帮助你。 可知更安全的陌生人是你可以与之交谈的人，如果你有困难，他们会帮助你。此处描述相符。故答案为T。 3．句意：在这段话中，“成年人”的意思是“同学”。由“If you get lost,or feel unsafe and your grown-up is not near you, look for a safer stranger to talk to for help.”如果你迷路了，或者觉得不安全，而你的大人不在你身边，找一个更安全的陌生人寻求帮助。可知grown-up是大人的意思而不是同学。此处描述不相符。故答案为F。 4．句意：你可以上车和任何陌生人一起回家。由“Never get in a car with a stranger.”永远不要和陌生人上车。可知永远不要和陌生人上车而不是可以上陌生人的车。此处描述不相符。故答案为F。 五、1．F 2．F 3．T 4．T 5．T 【导语】本文主要介绍了王亚平的情况。 1．句意：王亚平是一所学校的教师。根据文中“Wang Yaping is a great astronaut. She is also a teacher in Tiangong Space Station.”可知王亚平是天宫空间站的一名教师。题干与原文不符，故答案为F。 2．句意：也许王亚平经常上午10点起床。根据文中“Wang Yaping often gets up early in the morning.”可知王亚平经常一大早就起床。题干与原文不符，故答案为F。 3．句意：王亚平周末经常在家看书。根据文中“And she often reads books at home.”可知王亚平周末经常在家看书。题干与原文相符，故答案为T。 4．句意：王亚平的生日在冬天。根据文中“Wang Yaping’s birthday is in January.”可知王亚平的生日在冬天。题干与原文相符，故答案为T。 5．句意：王亚平在她生日那天将会很开心。根据文中“Wang Yaping’s birthday is in January. On that day, her family will get together and have a nice time.”可知王亚平在她生日那天将会很开心。题干与原文相符，故答案为T。 六、1．F 2．T 3．F 4．T 5．T 【分析】短文大意：介绍机器人AV1对生病孩子的帮助。 1．题干句意：当我们生病了，我们必须呆在学校。根据When we are ill, we have to leave school and stay at home or in hospital. 可知当我们生病了，我们必须离开学校呆在家里或医院。故题干错误，故答案为F。 2．题干句意：AV1是挪威的科学家发明的。根据Now Norwegian(挪威的) scientists make a robot who can help these children. This robot is called AV1.可知题干正确，故答案为T。 3．题干句意：AV1将会在家陪伴生病的孩子。根据When the ill child leaves the school, AV1 will sit at the child’s desk in the classroom.可知当生病的孩子离开学校后，AV1将会坐在教室里那个生病的孩子的书桌旁。故题干错误，故答案为F。 4．题干句意：通过机器人那个孩子能听到和看到学校发生的事情。根据 Through the robot, the child can hear and see his or her teachers and classmates.可知题干正确，故答案为T。 5．题干句意：AV1有用又有帮助。根据It’s helpful and useful.可知题干正确，故答案为T。 【点睛】 七、1． B A D C 2． C A B B 3．They can use the BDS. 【导语】本文讲的是从古至今人们如何辨认方向。 1．(1)此图片是在画地图。选项B“后来，人们可以制作地图。他们绕着一个地方走，写笔记。然后他们画了一张地图。”符合题意，故选B。 (2)此图片是人们在看星星，选项A“ 很多年前，晚上没有灯光。他们可以通过星星找到路。”符合题意，故选A。 (3)此图片是导航系统的图片。选项D“现在，当人们走在路上或开车时，他们可以使用BDS。这很有帮助！”符合题意，故选D。 (4)此图片显示的是指南针。选项C“有时，人们去其他城市。当时没有飞机或火车。所以他们乘船去。指南针可以在海上帮助他们。”符合题意，故选C。 故答案为BADC。 2．(1)句意：如何在多年前找到方向？哪个不是真的？A他们可以在晚上看星星。B他们可以使用地图或指南针。C他们可以使用BDS。根据“They could find a way by the stars. ”可知他们可以通过星星找到方向。“Later, people could make a map. ”可知人们可以制作地图找到方向。“Compass could help them at the sea.”可知指南针可以在海上帮助他们找方向。综上可知很多年之前人们通过星星、地图和指南针找到方向，而当时没有BDS。故选C。 (2)句意：如何制作多年前的地图？A他们绕着一个地方转，作了笔记，然后画了出来。B他们用了一台电脑。C他们晚上想的。根据“They walked around a place and wrote notes. Then they drew a map. ”可知很多年之前，人们绕着一个地方走，作笔记，然后画出一张地图。故选A。 (3)句意：许多年前，人们乘______去了其他城市。 A飞机，B轮船，C自行车。根据“Sometimes, people went to other cities. There were no planes or trains then. So they went by ship.”可知很多年之前，人们乘船去其他城市。故选B。 (4)句意：BDS可以帮助我们______。A做家庭作业，B找到方向，C打扫房间。根据“Now, when people walk on the road or drive a car, they can use the BDS. It’s very helpful!”可知现在使用BDS找到方向。故选B。 3．句意：杨先生住在惠东。他打算明天和他的朋友去广州旅行，他们怎么去呢？根据实际情况人们可以用BDS找到方向，故答案为They can use the BDS. 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $