2026年中职英语二轮专题被动语态复习课件

被动语态 Passive Voice 目录 1. 什么是被动语态？(What is Passive Voice?) 2. 被动语态的基本结构 (Basic Structure) 3. 常用时态的被动形式 (Passive in Common Tenses) 4. 主动语态变被动语态 (Active to Passive Conversion) 5. 特殊情况与考点 (Special Cases & Key Points) 6. 课堂练习 (Practice Time) 1. 什么是被动语态？(What is Passive Voice?) 英语中有两种语态 被动语态 主动语态 主语是动作的执行者（“把”字句） 主语是动作的承受者（“被”字句） 主动语态vs被动语态 Mr. Bean breaks the window. The window is broken by Mr. Bean. 2. 被动语态的基本结构和常用时态 (Basic Structure and Passive in Common Tenses ) 常用时态 结构 例句 一 般现在时 am/is/are +done English is spoken here. 这里讲英语。 一般过去时 was/were+done I wasn't invited. 我没有受到邀请。 一般将来时 will be+done You will be told soon enough. 很快会告诉你的。 现在进行时 am/is/are being +done The house is being painted. 房子正在粉刷。 过去进行时 was/were being +done I felt that I was being watched. 我觉得有人在监视我。 现在完成时 have/has been +done The homework has been finished. 作业已经完成了。 过去完成时 had been +done I knew why I had been chosen. 我知道为什么选了我。 将来完成时 will have been +done Things will have been done then 到那时，一切就全都做完了。 被动语态要记牢，be 加过去分词最重要； 时态看 be，人称看 be，done 永远不动摇。 ☆不是所有动词都有被动形式 1.die或arrive这类不及物动词，由于没有宾语，因此没有成分可以做被动语态的主语，故没有被动结构。 2.某些表示静态的及物动词，常用来表示状态而不是动作，例如fit, have, lack, suit等。 They have a nice house. 他们有一栋漂亮的房子。 (但不能说：A nice house is had by them.) 主动语态变被动语态 (Active to Passive Conversion) "Mr. Bean was trapped in the cubicle." （憨豆先生被关在小隔间里。） "His trousers were put into the big washing machine by the woman." （他的裤子被那位女士放进了大洗衣机。） Someone trapped Mr. Bean in the cubicle. The woman put his trousers into the big washing machine. 主动变被动转换步骤 ① 主动句宾语变被动句主语； ② 主动句谓语动词变被动结构（be + done）； ③ 主动句主语变by短语（可省略）； ④ 其他成分不变。 特殊情况与考点 (Special Cases & Key Points) 一、不用被动语态的情况（必考选择题） 1. 不及物动词无被动 happen、take place、break out、appear、last、rise、occur . 例：The accident happened yesterday.（不能用was happened） 2. 系动词无被动 look、sound、smell、taste、feel、become、get、turn. 例：The flower smells sweet. 不用 is smelt 3. 表示“归属、拥有”无被动 have、own、belong to、fit、suit. 例：The book belongs to me. 不能用 is belonged to 4. 主动表被动（常考！） 主语是物，表性质、性能、手感，用主动形式表被动含义 sell、wash、write、read、lock、wear、open 结构：物 + 动词 + 好/容易/难… 例：This book sells well. 这本书很畅销 The cloth washes easily. 这块布好洗 二、必背特殊结构被动 1. 带双宾语的被动 give / send / show / pass / teach / tell 主动：give sb. sth. 被动两种改法： ① sb. + be + given + sth. ② sth. + be + given + to sb. 例：He gave me a book. → I was given a book. → A book was given to me. 2. 带复合宾语（make/let/have/see/watch/hear） 主动省略to，被动必须还原to 口诀：主动省to，被动加to 动词：make, let, have；see, hear, watch, notice 主动：make sb. do sth. 被动：sb. be made to do sth. 例：The boss made him work all night. → He was made to work all night. 3. 动词短语不能丢介词 被动里短语介词不能省 look after、look at、listen to、take care of、laugh at、depend on 例：We should take care of the old. → The old should be taken care of. 三、情态动词被动（高频考点） 结构：情态动词 + be + done can / may / must / should / need 例： Trees should be planted every year. Homework must be finished on time. 四、不定式被动：to be done 表示“将要被……” 例：The meeting is to be held tomorrow. 五、by的特殊考点 1. 强调动作执行者才加by sb. 2. 不知道执行者、没必要说，直接省略by短语 例：Many houses were built.（不说被谁建） 易混易错考点（考试最爱挖坑） 1. be done 表被动；get done 多指偶然、意外 get hurt / get lost / get married / get broken 2. already/yet 在被动完成时位置不变 Has the work been finished yet? 3. 感官动词被动：要用be + 过去分词 The song is heard everywhere. 练习 1. The accident ______ last night. A. was happened B. happened C. is happened 2. This kind of cloth ______ soft and it ______ well. A. feels; washes B. is felt; is washed C. feels; is washed 3. The book ______ me. It’s not mine. A. isn’t belonged to B. doesn’t belong to C. isn’t belong to 4. The old man ______ the kind girl every day. A. is looked after B. looks after C. be looked after $