Unit 3 The world at one click Grammar 课件 2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

Unit 3 The world at one click Grammar 1 学习目标 1.掌握两种时态的核心含义与本质区别 2.熟记两种时态的专属时间标志词 3.能根据语境正确选用时态填空、选择 4.会按要求改写两种时态的句子 5.能在短文中灵活运用两种时态 Lead in 01 Look and say. What did Mark’s dad do last month? How many times has Mark’s dad been to China? He ________ to China last month. A. went B. goes He __________ to China three times. A. went B. has been went has been Lead in 01 Read and think. Mark moved to Liverpool two years ago. He went to China last month. Mark lives in Liverpool now. He has been to China three times. Simple past tense present perfect tense What are the differences? Read the message and pay attention to the simple past and present perfect tenses. Presentation 02 Read and learn. Hi, Daniel. My family moved to Liverpool two years ago. It feels like we came here just yesterday. We’ve lived in a small flat since we arrived, but Dad says we’re going to move to a new house soon. Dad has just gone to work. He’s an engineer. He travels a lot. He went to China last month. He brought back many fantastic things! He’s been to China three times so far. He says it’s really worth a visit! Maybe I can visit your country this summer holiday. Presentation 02 Look and learn. There are some differences between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense. We use the simple past tense for __________ in the past and the time of the action is________. We moved into a small flat when we arrived. past present an action over 我们用一般过去时，描述过去发生、且动作已结束的行为。 Presentation 02 Look and learn. There are some differences between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense. We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that _________________and __________ to the present. We’ve lived in a small flat since we arrived. past present started in the past continues 我们用现在完成时，描述过去开始、且持续到现在的动作。 Presentation 02 Look and learn. There are some differences between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense. We use the simple past tense to describe ________________ in the past. The state is_______. My family moved to Liverpool two years ago. past present what happened over 我们用一般过去时，用来描述 “过去发生的事”，且这个动作的状态已经结束（和现在无关） Presentation 02 Look and learn. There are some differences between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense. We use the present perfect tense to talk about______________________. My family has moved to Liverpool. (My family lives in Liverpool now.) past present the result of an action 我们用现在完成时，描述 “过去动作带来的现在结果”。 Presentation Read the third difference and answer the questions. What does the first sentence tell us? It tells us what happened in the past.  Presentation Read the third difference and answer the questions. What does the second sentence tell? It tells us how many times the action has happened up to the present. Presentation Read the tips on page 40. We often use these time expressions with the present perfect tense: already, ever, just, recently, (not)yet, so far, up to now, until/till now... 核心区别（一） 1.一般过去时：过去某时发生并结束的动作/状态 现在完成时：过去动作与现在存在关联 2.一般过去时：焦点在过去动作本身，与现在无关 现在完成时：焦点在对现在的影响/结果，连接过去与现在 核心区别（二） 一般过去时：搭配明确过去时间点标志词 例：yesterday, last week, ...ago, in 2020 现在完成时：搭配不确定/一段时间标志词 例：already, just, yet, so far, for/since 注意：现在完成时不能用明确过去时间状语 例句对比（核心区别） 1.一般过去时：I visited the museum last week. 译：我上周参观了博物馆（动作已结束） 2.现在完成时：I have visited the museum twice. 译：我已参观这个博物馆两次（强调至今经历） 关键：前者有过去时间，后者无且关联现在 用法对比1——动作的持续性 1.一般过去时：过去一次性完成，未延续到现在 例句：He went to China last month.（上个月去，已结束） 2.现在完成时：过去开始，关联/持续到现在 例句：He has been to China three times.（至今去过三次） 核心：是否与现在有时间上的关联 特殊疑问句 现在完成时 Present perfect tense Who studied? Wh-+ 动词过去式？ When did you study? Wh-+ did +主语+ 动词原形？ Who has studied? How long have you studied? Wh-+ have/has + 动词过去分词？ Wh-+ have/has + 主语 + 动词过去分词？ 一般过去时 Simple past tense 17 Tense (时态) Structure (结构) the simple past tense （一般过去时） 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句：主语+didn't+动词原形+其他 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他+？ the present perfect tense （现在完成时） 肯定句：主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他 否定句：主语+haven't/hasn't+动词过去分词+其他 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词过去分词+其他+？ Forms（构成） Presentation Work out the rules on Page 41. simple past present perfect Practice Millie: Hi, Simon. Some museums offer online tours. (1)_____ you ever (try) _____ one of them? Simon: Yes. I visited the Shaanxi History Museum last weekend. And I also visited the Digital Dunhuang website. I (2) ________ (see) ten caves on it so far. Have tried have seen Practice Make two sentences according to the third difference. Sentence 1: He watched the film last week. Sentence 2: He has watched the film twice. yesterday morning last month ten years ago just now the other day in 2009 … already yet ever just recently so far till now up to now … Time markers（时间标志） Can you do a match? 现在完成时 Present perfect tense 一般过去时 Simple past tense yesterday (morning/…) the other day last … (night/year/week/...) 段时间+ ago the day before yesterday in the past on the first/second/… day just now once in 2003/from then on on March 1st already/ever/never/just 中间 yet/ recently / before 句末 so far/up to now 至今/到目前为止 for + 段时间 since + … in/over the past/last few years/… over the years these days, 次数(many times, once) since then/ever since 一般过去时 Simple past tense 现在完成时 Present perfect tense More markers 一、按要求完成下列句子。 1. Kate’s brother has been married for two years. (改为同义句) Kate’s brother ________ ______ ______ ________. 2. The train left the station half an hour ago. (改为同义句) The train ______ ______ ______ _______ the station for half an hour. 3. My mother has worked in the factory for sixteen years. (对画线部分提问) 　_____ ____ _____ your mother _______ in the factory? married two years ago has been away from How long has worked 4. Uncle Li has been to Shanghai on business twice. (对画线部分提问)　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 _______ _____ _______ ______ Uncle Li ________ to Shanghai on business? 5. Judy went jogging in the park this morning. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ Judy __________ jogging in the park? How many times has been When did go ( ) 1. — Mary, ______ you _______ supper yet? — Yes. I was not hungry, so I just ate a vegetable salad. A. did; have B. will; have C. were; having D. have; had ( ) 2. — How was your family trip last weekend? — Awful! We _________ wet through because of a sudden rain. A. get B. have got C. got D. are getting ( ) 3. — What do you think of the cartoon Tom and Jerry? — It is so interesting that I _______ it many times. A. was watching B. have watched C. will watch D. am watching D C B 二、按要求完成下列句子。 Can you tell the differences between the simple past and present perfect tenses? Can you use the simple past and present perfect tenses correctly? 1. Draw a mind map about the present perfect tense according to what you’ve learnt from Unit 1 to Unit 3. 2. Preview Integration on pages 43-46. $