内容正文:
小升初英语专题总复习
专题10 连词
考点一
并列连词
使用秘籍:
并列连词用来连接两个或两个以上平行的词、短语或分句,表示它们之间的并列、转折、选择、因果等关系。
一、并列连词的分类
1. 表示并列关系
· and 表示“和;并且”。
例如:I like apples and bananas.(我喜欢苹果和香蕉。)
· both...and... 表示“两者都”。
例如:Both Tom and Jerry are boys.(汤姆和杰瑞都是男孩。)
· not only...but also... 表示“不但……而且……”。
例如:She is not only kind but also beautiful.(她不但善良而且美丽。)
· as well as 表示“也;和”。
例如:He plays the guitar as well as the piano.(他既会弹吉他又会弹钢琴。)
2. 表示转折关系
· but 表示“但是”。
例如:I want to go, but I'm too busy.(我想去,但是我太忙了。)
· yet 表示“然而”。
例如:He worked hard, yet he failed.(他努力了,然而他失败了。)
3. 表示选择关系
· or 表示“或者;否则”。
例如:Hurry up, or you'll be late.(快点,否则你会迟到的。)
· either...or... 表示“要么……要么……”。
例如:Either you or he is wrong.(要么你要么他错了。)
· neither...nor... 表示“既不……也不……”。
例如:Neither Tom nor Jerry likes it.(汤姆和杰瑞都不喜欢它。)
4. 表示因果关系
· so 表示“所以”。
例如:It was raining, so we stayed at home.(下雨了,所以我们待在家里。)
· for 表示“因为”(表示补充说明)。
例如:He must be asleep, for there is no light.(他一定睡着了,因为灯没亮。)
二、易混淆点辨析
1. and 与 or 的区别
· and 用于肯定句中连接并列成分。
例如:I like tea and coffee.(我喜欢茶和咖啡。)
· or 用于否定句或疑问句中,也可表示选择或否则。
例如:I don't like tea or coffee.(我不喜欢茶和咖啡。)
Would you like tea or coffee?(你想要茶还是咖啡?)
2. but 与 however 的区别
· but 是连词,连接两个分句,前面可用逗号或不用。
例如:He is poor, but he is happy.(他很穷,但是他很快乐。)
· however 是副词,可放在句首、句中或句尾,通常用逗号隔开。
例如:He is poor. However, he is happy.(他很穷。然而,他很快乐。)
3. not only...but also... 的主谓一致
谓语动词遵循“就近原则”,与靠近它的主语保持一致。
例如:Not only Tom but also I am wrong.(不但汤姆而且我也错了。)
例如:Not only I but also Tom is wrong.(不但我而且汤姆也错了。)
4. either...or... 与 neither...nor... 的主谓一致
两者都遵循“就近原则”,谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致。
例如:Either you or he is right.(要么你要么他是对的。)
例如:Neither he nor we are wrong.(他和我们都没错。)
考点再现
用适当的并列连词填空(and,but,or,so,for,however,both...and...,not only...but also...,either...or...,neither...nor...)
1. I like singing ______ dancing.
2. He is very rich, ______ he is not happy.
3. Hurry up, ______ you'll miss the bus.
4. It was late, ______ I went to bed.
5. ______ Tom ______ Jerry are good at sports.
6. ______ you ______ he has to go. Only one of you is needed.
7. She ______ plays the piano ______ sings well.
8. He is tired. ______, he still works hard.
9. ______ my father ______ my mother likes watching TV. They both hate it.
10. I don't like apples ______ bananas.
过关训练
单项选择
( ) 1. Get up early, ______ you will be late for school.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
( ) 2. He likes playing football, ______ his brother likes playing basketball.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
( ) 3. ______ Tom ______ Mary is interested in the book. They both want to read it.
A. Either; or B. Neither; nor C. Both; and D. Not only; but also
( ) 4. I was very tired, ______ I went to bed early.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
( ) 5. There is no water ______ air on the moon.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
( ) 6. He can ______ speak English ______ speak French. He can speak both.
A. either; or B. neither; nor C. not only; but also D. both; and
( ) 7. She is poor, ______ she is happy.
A. so B. for C. but D. and
( ) 8. ______ my sister ______ I like eating ice cream. We both love it.
A. Either; or B. Neither; nor C. Both; and D. Not only; but also
( ) 9. —Would you like coffee ______ tea?
—Coffee, please.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
( ) 10. He doesn't like apples, ______ he likes oranges.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
考点二
从属连词
使用秘籍:
从属连词用来引导从句,连接主句和从句,表示它们之间的时间、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步等关系。
一、从属连词的分类
1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词
· when 表示“当……时候”。
例如:I was watching TV when he came in.(他进来时我正在看电视。)
· while 表示“当……时候”(强调同时发生)。
例如:While I was sleeping, the phone rang.(我正在睡觉时,电话响了。)
· as 表示“一边……一边……;随着”。
例如:She sang as she walked.(她一边走一边唱。)
· before 表示“在……之前”。
例如:Wash your hands before you eat.(吃饭前洗手。)
· after 表示“在……之后”。
例如:I went to bed after I finished my homework.(做完作业后我上床睡觉了。)
· since 表示“自从……以来”。
例如:I have lived here since I was born.(我自从出生就住在这里。)
· until / till 表示“直到……为止”。
例如:I waited until he came back.(我一直等到他回来。)
· as soon as 表示“一……就……”。
例如:I will call you as soon as I arrive.(我一到达就给你打电话。)
2. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词
· because 表示“因为”。
例如:I was late because I missed the bus.(我迟到了,因为我错过了公交车。)
· since 表示“既然;因为”。
例如:Since you are tired, you can rest.(既然你累了,你可以休息。)
· as 表示“因为”。
例如:As it was raining, we stayed at home.(因为下雨,我们待在家里。)
3. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词
· if 表示“如果”。
例如:If it rains, we will stay at home.(如果下雨,我们就待在家里。)
· unless 表示“除非”。
例如:You will fail unless you study hard.(除非你努力学习,否则你会失败。)
· as long as 表示“只要”。
例如:You can go out as long as you finish your homework.(只要你完成作业,你就可以出去。)
4. 引导目的状语从句的从属连词
· so that 表示“以便;为了”。
例如:I got up early so that I could catch the bus.(我早起以便能赶上公交车。)
· in order that 表示“为了”。
例如:He works hard in order that he can succeed.(他努力工作为了能成功。)
5. 引导结果状语从句的从属连词
· so...that... 表示“如此……以至于……”。
例如:He is so tired that he can't walk.(他如此累以至于走不动了。)
· such...that... 表示“如此……以至于……”。
例如:It is such an interesting book that I read it twice.(这是如此有趣的一本书,以至于我读了两遍。)
6. 引导让步状语从句的从属连词
· although / though 表示“虽然;尽管”。
例如:Although he is young, he knows a lot.(虽然他很年轻,但他知道很多。)
· even if / even though 表示“即使”。
例如:Even if it rains, I will go.(即使下雨,我也会去。)
7. 引导比较状语从句的从属连词
· than 表示“比”。
例如:He is taller than me.(他比我高。)
· as...as... 表示“和……一样”。
例如:She is as tall as her mother.(她和她妈妈一样高。)
8. 引导宾语从句的从属连词
· that 表示无词义。
例如:I think that he is right.(我认为他是对的。)
· whether / if 表示“是否”。
例如:I wonder whether he will come.(我想知道他是否会来。)
· 特殊疑问词
例如:I don’t know why he didn’t come.(我不知道他为什么没来。)
二、易混淆点辨析
1. when 与 while 的区别
· when 后面可接短暂性动词或延续性动词。
例如:When I arrived, he was cooking.(当我到达时,他正在做饭。——arrived是短暂性动词)
· while 后面只能接延续性动词,强调动作同时发生。
例如:While I was sleeping, the phone rang.(当我正在睡觉时,电话响了。——was sleeping是延续性动词)
2. because 与 so
· because 是从属连词,引导原因状语从句,不能与 so 连用。
例如:Because he was ill, he didn't go to school.(正确)
Because he was ill, so he didn't go to school.(错误)
· so 是并列连词,连接结果分句,不能与 because 连用。
3. although / though 的用法
although / though 是从属连词,引导让步状语从句,不能与 but 连用。
例如:Although he is poor, he is happy.(正确)
Although he is poor, but he is happy.(错误)
4. so...that 与 such...that 的区别
· so + 形容词/副词 + that。
例如:He is so kind that everyone likes him.(他如此善良以至于每个人都喜欢他。)
· such + 名词短语 + that。
例如:He is such a kind man that everyone likes him.(他是如此善良的一个人以至于每个人都喜欢他。)
5. if 与 unless 的区别
· if 表示“如果”,引导条件状语从句。
例如:If you study hard, you will pass.(如果你努力学习,你会通过。)
· unless 表示“如果不;除非”,相当于 if not。
例如:Unless you study hard, you will fail.(除非你努力学习,否则你会失败。)
考点再现
用适当的从属连词填空(when,while,before,after,since,until,as soon as,because,if,unless,although,so that,so...that,such...that)
1. I will call you ________ I get home.
2. ________ he was young, he could play the piano well.
3. You will be late ________ you hurry up.
4. He didn't go to school ________ he was ill.
5. I have lived here ________ I was five years old.
6. Please turn off the lights ________ you leave.
7. She was ________ tired ________ she couldn't walk.
8. I got up early ________ I could catch the first bus.
9. ________ she is very busy, she still helps me with my English.
10. It is ________ an interesting film ________ I want to see it again.
过关训练
单项选择
( ) 1. I was doing my homework ______ my mother came back.
A. when B. while C. as D. before
( ) 2. ______ you work hard, you will get good grades.
A. Unless B. If C. Because D. Although
( ) 3. He didn't go to the party ______ he was too busy.
A. so B. but C. because D. or
( ) 4. She spoke ______ quietly ______ nobody could hear her.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. very; that
( ) 5. I will wait for you ______ you come back.
A. until B. because C. if D. so
( ) 6. ______ she is rich, she lives a simple life.
A. Because B. If C. Although D. So
( ) 7. I usually take a walk after dinner ______ I can keep healthy.
A. so that B. because C. if D. unless
( ) 8. ______ I was walking in the park, I met an old friend.
A. When B. While C. As D. All of the above
( ) 9. He ran ______ fast ______ nobody could catch him.
A. such; that B. so; that C. too; to D. enough; to
( ) 10. I wonder ______ he will come to the party or not.
A. if B. whether C. that D. because
一、用适当的连词填空(每空一词)
1. He is very rich, ________ he is not happy.
2. I like tea ________ coffee. I like both.
3. Hurry up, ________ you'll be late for school.
4. She didn't go to school ________ she was ill.
5. I will call you ________ I arrive in Beijing.
6. I was reading a book ________ my brother was watching TV.
7. ________ he is tired, he still helps me with my work.
8. You will fail ________ you study hard.
9. She was ________ tired ________ she fell asleep on the sofa.
10. I got up early ________ I could catch the early bus.
11. ________ my father ________ my mother has been to Shanghai. They went there last year.
12. He likes singing, ________ his sister likes dancing.
13. I don't like apples ________ bananas.
14. ________ Tom ________ Jerry is good at math. They are both poor at it.
15. Please turn off the lights ________ you leave the room.
二、单项选择
( ) 1. Study hard, ______ you will not pass the exam.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
( ) 2. ______ he is very young, he knows a lot about the world.
A. Because B. If C. Although D. So
( ) 3. I will go to the park ______ it doesn't rain tomorrow.
A. if B. unless C. because D. although
( ) 4. She was ______ happy ______ she jumped up and down.
A. such; that B. so; that C. too; to D. enough; to
( ) 5. He didn't have breakfast ______ he went to school.
A. after B. before C. when D. because
( ) 6. ______ my mother ______ my father likes watching TV. They both hate it.
A. Either; or B. Neither; nor C. Both; and D. Not only; but also
( ) 7. I don't like milk, ______ I like juice.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
( ) 8. She worked hard ______ she could get good grades.
A. so that B. because C. if D. unless
( ) 9. I was watching TV ______ the doorbell rang.
A. while B. when C. as D. before
( ) 10. You will be late ______ you leave right now.
A. if B. unless C. because D. so
( ) 11. ______ Tom ______ Jerry is right. They are both wrong.
A. Either; or B. Neither; nor C. Both; and D. Not only; but also
( ) 12. He is clever, ______ he is lazy.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
( ) 13. I will wait here ______ you come back.
A. until B. because C. if D. so
( ) 14. This book is ______ interesting ______ I have read it three times.
A. such; that B. so; that C. too; to D. enough; to
( ) 15. ______ you promise to come, I will go with you.
A. Unless B. If C. Because D. Although
三、改错题
下列句子中有一处错误,请找出并改正。
1. Because he was ill, so he didn't go to school.
________________________________________________
2. Although he is rich, but he is not happy.
________________________________________________
3. I don't like apples and bananas.
________________________________________________
4. Both my father and my mother likes watching TV.
________________________________________________
5. If you don't study hard, you will succeed.
________________________________________________
6. Not only Tom but also I are going to the party.
________________________________________________
7. He is such clever that he can solve the problem.
________________________________________________
答案与解析
考点梳理
考点一:并列连词
考点再现
用适当的并列连词填空
1. and
- 解析:singing和dancing是并列关系,表示“我喜欢唱歌和跳舞”,用and连接。
2. but
- 解析:前后分句表示转折关系,“他很富有”与“他不快乐”形成对比,用but。
3. or
- 解析:or在祈使句后表示“否则”,意为“快点,否则你会错过公交车”。
4. so
- 解析:前后分句表示因果关系,“天晚了”是原因,“我去睡觉了”是结果,用so。
5. Both; and
- 解析:Both...and...表示“两者都”,连接两个主语,意为“汤姆和杰瑞都很擅长运动”。
6. Either; or
- 解析:Either...or...表示“要么……要么……”,后文说“只需要你们中的一个”,说明二选一。
7. not only; but also
- 解析:not only...but also...表示“不但……而且……”,强调她既会弹钢琴也会唱歌。
8. However
- 解析:however表示“然而”,前后分句转折,注意首字母大写。
9. Neither; nor
- 解析:Neither...nor...表示“既不……也不……”,后文说“他们都讨厌它”,说明两人都不喜欢。
10. or
- 解析:否定句中用or连接并列成分,意为“我不喜欢苹果和香蕉”。
过关训练
1. B
- 解析:or表示“否则”,句意:早点起床,否则你会上学迟到。
2. A
- 解析:and表示并列关系,句意:他喜欢踢足球,他哥哥喜欢打篮球。
3. D
- 解析:not only...but also...表示“不但……而且……”,后文说两人都想读,且谓语动词用is,符合就近原则。
4. D
- 解析:so表示因果关系,句意:我很累了,所以我早睡了。
5. B
- 解析:否定句中用or连接no water和air,意为“月球上没有水和空气”。
6. C
- 解析:not only...but also...表示“不但……而且……”,后文说两种语言都会说。
7. C
- 解析:but表示转折关系,句意:她很穷,但是很快乐。
8. C
- 解析:Both...and...表示“两者都”,后文说“我们都喜欢”,用both...and...。
9. B
- 解析:疑问句中表示选择“咖啡还是茶”用or。
10. C
- 解析:but表示转折关系,句意:他不喜欢苹果,但是他喜欢橙子。
考点二 从属连词
考点再现
用适当的从属连词填空
1. as soon as
- 解析:as soon as表示“一……就……”,句意:我一到家就给你打电话。
2. When
- 解析:When引导时间状语从句,表示“当……时候”,句意:他年轻时钢琴就弹得很好。
3. unless
- 解析:unless表示“除非”,相当于if not,句意:除非你快点,否则你会迟到。
4. because
- 解析:because引导原因状语从句,表示“因为”,句意:他没去上学因为他生病了。
5. since
- 解析:since表示“自从……以来”,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。
6. before
- 解析:before表示“在……之前”,句意:离开前请关灯。
7. so; that
- 解析:so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”,so后接形容词tired。
8. so that
- 解析:so that引导目的状语从句,表示“以便”,句意:我早起以便赶上第一班公交车。
9. Although
- 解析:Although引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然”,句意:虽然她很忙,但她仍然帮我学英语。
10. such; that
- 解析:such...that...表示“如此……以至于……”,such后接名词短语an interesting film。
过关训练
1. A
- 解析:when引导时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时。
2. B
- 解析:if引导条件状语从句,表示“如果”,句意:如果你努力学习,你会取得好成绩。
3. C
- 解析:because引导原因状语从句,表示“因为”,句意:他没去派对因为他太忙了。
4. A
- 解析:so...that...引导结果状语从句,so后接副词quietly。
5. A
- 解析:until表示“直到……为止”,句意:我会一直等到你回来。
6. C
- 解析:Although引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然”,句意:虽然她富有,但她过着简朴的生活。
7. A
- 解析:so that引导目的状语从句,表示“以便”,句意:晚饭后我经常散步以便保持健康。
8. D
- 解析:when、while、as都可以表示“当……时候”,三者都正确。
9. B
- 解析:so...that...引导结果状语从句,so后接副词fast。
10. B
- 解析:whether引导宾语从句,与or not连用时只能用whether,不能用if。
强化练习
一、用适当的连词填空
1. but
- 解析:前后转折关系,意为“他很富有,但是他不快乐”。
2. and
- 解析:并列关系,“我喜欢茶和咖啡”。
3. or
- 解析:or表示“否则”,句意:快点,否则你会上学迟到。
4. because
- 解析:because引导原因状语从句,意为“因为她生病了”。
5. as soon as
- 解析:as soon as表示“一……就……”,“我一到北京就给你打电话”。
6. while
- 解析:while强调两个动作同时发生,意为“我正在读书,而我哥哥正在看电视”。
7. Although
- 解析:Although引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然他累了,但他仍然帮我工作”。
8. unless
- 解析:unless表示“除非”,句意:除非你努力学习,否则你会失败。
9. so; that
- 解析:so...that...引导结果状语从句,意为“她太累了以至于在沙发上睡着了”。
10. so that
- 解析:so that引导目的状语从句,意为“我早起以便能赶上早班车”。
11. Both; and
- 解析:Both...and...表示“两者都”,句意:我父母都去过上海。
12. but
- 解析:but表示转折关系,意为“他喜欢唱歌,但是他妹妹喜欢跳舞”。
13. or
- 解析:否定句中用or连接并列成分,“我不喜欢苹果和香蕉”。
14. Neither; nor
- 解析:Neither...nor...表示“既不……也不……”,句意:汤姆和杰瑞都不擅长数学。
15. before
- 解析:before表示“在……之前”,句意:离开房间前请关灯。
二、单项选择
1. B
- 解析:or表示“否则”,句意:努力学习,否则你不会通过考试。
2. C
- 解析:Although引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然”,句意:虽然他很年轻,但他对世界了解很多。
3. A
- 解析:if引导条件状语从句,表示“如果”,句意:如果明天不下雨,我就去公园。
4. B
- 解析:so...that...引导结果状语从句,so后接形容词happy,句意:她太高兴了以至于跳了起来。
5. B
- 解析:before表示“在……之前”,句意:他上学前没吃早餐。
6. B
- 解析:Neither...nor...表示“既不……也不……”,后文说“他们都讨厌看电视”。
7. C
- 解析:but表示转折关系,“不喜欢牛奶但是喜欢果汁”。
8. A
- 解析:so that引导目的状语从句,“努力工作以便取得好成绩”。
9. B
- 解析:when表示“当……时候”,主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时。
10. B
- 解析:unless表示“除非”,句意:除非你现在离开,否则你会迟到。
11. B
- 解析:Neither...nor...表示“既不……也不……”,后文说“两个都错了”。
12. C
- 解析:but表示转折关系,“聪明但是懒惰”。
13. A
- 解析:until表示“直到……为止”,“我会在这里等你回来”。
14. B
- 解析:so...that...引导结果状语从句,so后接形容词interesting。
15. B
- 解析:if引导条件状语从句,表示“如果”,句意:如果你答应来,我就和你一起去。
三、改错题
1. 错误:so
改正:删除so
- 解析:because和so不能连用。because引导原因状语从句时,主句不能再用so。正确表达:Because he was ill, he didn't go to school. 或 He was ill, so he didn't go to school.
2. 错误:but
改正:删除but
- 解析:although和but不能连用。正确表达:Although he is rich, he is not happy. 或 He is rich, but he is not happy.
3. 错误:and
改正:or
- 解析:否定句中用or连接并列成分。正确表达:I don't like apples or bananas.
4. 错误:likes
改正:like
- 解析:Both...and...连接并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。正确表达:Both my father and my mother like watching TV.
5. 错误:you will succeed
改正:you will fail
- 解析:逻辑错误。“不努力学习”的结果应该是“失败”而不是“成功”。正确表达:If you don't study hard, you will fail.
6. 错误:are going
改正:am going
- 解析:not only...but also...遵循就近原则,谓语动词与I保持一致,用am。正确表达:Not only Tom but also I am going to the party.
7. 错误:such
改正:so
- 解析:such修饰名词短语,so修饰形容词。clever是形容词,应用so。正确表达:He is so clever that he can solve the problem.
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