专题25 大题闯关之阅读态度推断题和经典书评题（考前押题） 2026年高考英语考前十天冲刺宝典

**基本信息** 聚焦说明文态度推断与经典书评题，构建"考点-方法-应用"三阶训练体系，融合真题规律与解题微技能，提升语言理解与逻辑推断能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |态度推断题|10篇（含2024全国甲卷等真题）|定位原文→区分主体→词汇褒贬判断，高频态度词分类（乐观/客观/消极）|从真题考点（2022-2026考情）到解题步骤，形成"识别-分析-判断"逻辑链| |经典书评题|10篇（含2022全国乙卷等真题）|结构分析（开头-主题-评价）、专有名词定位、尾段评价聚焦|结合书评写作特点（简明/分析/总结），建立"文体特征-阅读技巧-解题应用"关联|

2026高考英语考前十天冲刺宝典 专题25 阅读理解说明文态度推断题和经典书评题 解析版 高考真题说明文考点解读 2022-2026高考考点细目（阅读理解说明文） 卷别 词数 主题 话题 典型题 2026浙江1月卷C 349+93 人与社会 人们难以识别虚假评价原因及对策 30推理判断题 2026浙江1月卷D 315+111 人与自然 AI辅助植物碳封存来增加碳储存量 35推理判断题 2025全国一卷D 331+135 人与自然 减少自来水中微塑料污染的新研究 32写作手法题 2024新课标I卷D 364+122 人与自然 引导公民们科学记录生物多样性 35建议推断题 2024浙江1月卷C 320+142 人与自然 人工降雨公司推出“冰雹计划”研究 28推理判断题 2024浙江1月卷D 338+149 人与社会 棉花糖测试抵制精神“垃圾食品”诱惑 35标题概括题 2023新课标I卷C 322+107 人与社会 倡导人们过数字极简主义生活方式 29猜测词义题 2023新课标I卷D 338+112 人与社会 介绍“群体智慧”效应的原理以及应用 31推理判断题 2023浙江1月卷C 314+132 人与社会 介绍在辩论中战胜人类的软件程序 27文章大意题 2023浙江1月卷D 318+149 人与自然 新型太阳能农场能够促进农业发展 35标题概括题 2022浙江6月卷B 306+105 人与自我 介绍世界各地“小森林”的兴起情况 25意图推断题 2022浙江6月卷C 302+144 人与自然 研究表明适度的工作会带来成果 29意图推断题 2022浙江1月卷B 354+112 人与自我 介绍一位自营宠物运输方面专家 22猜测词义题 2022浙江1月卷C 284+99 人与社会 讲述蒸汽时代和电力时代的联系 26文体推断题 阅读微技能：态度推断题 1.命题方式 设问方式以“What is….attitude toward …?”等引出问题，注意把握好询问当事人或者作者立场态度。 31. What is Ducke’s attitude toward the Saint Lukas’ services? (2024全国甲卷) 28. What is the author’s attitude toward Carnegie’s understanding of argument? (2024九省联考卷) 35. What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies? (2023新课标I卷) 2.题型解读 类别 高频词汇 乐观支持类 optimistic乐观的；positive肯定的；favorable 支持的，赞同的；supportive支持的；approving赞成的；appreciative感激的 客观中立类 objective客观的；neutral中立的；cautious谨慎的 消极反对类 negative否定的；opposite相反的；unfair公正的；doubtful怀疑的；indifferent漠不关心的；critical批评的；ironic讽刺的；skeptical质疑的；disappointed失望的；disapproving不赞同的；pessimistic悲观的；dismissive轻蔑的，不屑一顾的 模棱两可类 ambiguous模棱两可的；unclear不清楚的 3.解题步骤 第一：结合题干人物和内容定位原文出现在哪一（些）段；然后仔细比对该句言外之意； 第二：区分不同人物态度。注意区分试题询问的是作者的态度还是作者引用别人的态度； 第三：态度没有明确提出时，要学会根据作者在文章中所运用词汇的褒贬性去判断作者的态度，尤其是动词、形容词和副词，如wonderfully, successfully, unfortunately, doubtfully 等。 4. 跟踪训练 　(2024全国甲卷阅读C篇片段)… The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock(补给). Then it starts all over again the next month. Most stations wait about a year between visits. Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train’s equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. ” 31. What is Ducke’s attitude toward the Saint Lukas’ services? A. Appreciative. B. Doubtful C. Ambiguous. D. Cautious. 解析：第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词Ducke’s attitude，the Saint Lukas’ services。 第二步：根据关键词定位到最后一段的“I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned, ” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. (“医生和他们的助手在这么小的空间里工作和生活，但仍然保持专注和非常关注，这给我留下了深刻的印象，”Ducke说。这是许多农村人获得他们想要的治疗的最好机会。”)”可知，Ducke对Saint Lukas的服务持赞赏的态度。关键词有very impressed, staying focused and very concerned, the best chance for many rural people等。 第三步：比对选项得出答案A。 阅读微技能：经典书评题 1.书评写作特点 ①简明扼要地开始 在书评的开头，用简单而明了的语言介绍你将要谈论的书籍、作者和主题。你可以在这里提出你的观点，或者引用一些有关书籍的有趣或引人入胜的内容，以激发读者的兴趣。 例：《To Kill a Mockingbird》是 Harper Lee 的一部小说，讲述了一个在 20 世纪 30 年代南部小镇 Maycomb 的男孩 Scout Finch 的成长故事，也是一部对社会不公与种族歧视的深入探讨。 ②分析并阐释图书主题 在书评的核心部分，你可以分析小说的主题，并解释作者想要表达的观点。你可以用引用和实例来支持你的观点，并且对于书中的人物、情节、对话和其他元素，可以展开详细的解释。 例：在小说中，作者 Harper Lee 很好地表达了针对种族歧视与不平等现象的深入思考。她通过以 Scout 和她的家人为中心的故事，在书中不断地探讨这种现象对社会和个人带来的影响。例如，书中描述的一些场景以及托马斯·罗宾逊案件的发生，使得读者能够深入了解与种族歧视相关的问题，以及它们是如何影响当地社会的。 ③摘要和评价 在书评的最后，总结你的观点和评价，看这本书对你的感知有何影响。确保你的结论能够概括你对小说的总体印象，并且可以给读者一个清晰的看法。你可以谈论这本书的可读性、作者的写作风格和故事的深意等方面。 例：总的来说，我认为《To Kill a Mockingbird》是一本值得读的书。作者 Harper Lee 运用了一种深入的，生动的方式将其讲述，让读者深入到其故事中，并深入思考与社会不平等相关的问题。这本书提供了关于种族问题的真切叙述，以及有关社会和个人应如何对抗不公现象的深刻见解。 2.书评类阅读技巧 ①书评会涉及到书目中提到的人名、地名、机构等专有名词，学会去识别定位； ②书评会涉及书目内容、故事情节、人物性格、人物评价等，多用一般现在时； ③尾段多进行客观公正的评论或评价，可以是对书籍作者的写作手法，文中主人公的命运和性格特征的评论，也可以是自己阅读之后学到的道理。 3. 跟踪训练 （2022全国乙卷C篇）In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff’s granddaughter. Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken. They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice. In Wickenden’s book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls’ decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn. Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.” 24. Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains? A. To teach in a school. B. To study American history. C. To write a book. D. To do sightseeing. 25. What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3? A. They enjoyed much respect. B. They had a room with a bathtub. C. They lived with the local kids. D. They suffered severe hardships. 26. Which part of Wickenden’s writing is hair-raising? A. The extreme climate of Auburn. B. The living conditions in Elkhead. C. The railroad building in the Rockies. D. The natural beauty of the West. 27. What is the text? A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A children’s story. D. A diary entry. 24-27 ADCB 【解题导语】这是一篇书评。本文简要介绍了Dorothy Wickenden的书籍并对其进行了评价。 24. A。细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y.-Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood -traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. (1916年，来自纽约奥本市的两个富裕家庭的女孩——Dorothy Woodruff和Rosamond Underwood——来到落基山脉的一个定居点，在一间只有一个房间的学校教书。)”可知，Dorothy和Rosamond去落基山脉是为了去学校里教书。故选A。 25. D。推理判断题。根据第三段“They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.(他们和一个当地家庭，哈里森一家一起搬进去，和他们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上覆盖着一层雪。)”以及“In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.(在春天，雪被泥替代覆盖在冰上。)”可知，女孩们的生活条件非常艰苦，她们饱受磨难。故选D。 26. C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms.(令人毛骨悚然的一段与铁路建设有关，这涉及到在令人眩目的暴风雪中钻穿落基山脉。)”可知，Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设这一部分是令人毛骨悚然的。故选C。 27. B。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.(这本书以Rosamond和Dorothy回到奥本结束。)”以及最后一段“Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism of the people move her to some beautiful writing.( Wickenden是个很好的讲故事的人。大地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽的作品。)”可知，本文简要介绍了Wickenden的书籍内容，并对其进行了评价，所以文本是一篇书评。故选B。 清北生实战经验反馈区 一、阅读理解说明文细节理解题注意落实“定位原文”和“同义替换”技巧。 二、态度推断题注重“原文定位”和“观点区分”，弄清来龙去脉再判断。 三、重视说明文“倒三角形”结构，特别是首段和段首的独特引领作用。 四、标题概括题重视三性：概括性、简洁性和新颖性；同时联系首段和关键词。 五、说明文长难句落实“括号法”--（从句）（非谓语）（介词短语）（名词短语）。 七、满分策略：读题干→找原文→做标记→留痕迹→看选项→扣字眼。 第一部分：态度推断题专练10篇 01（2026·重庆渝中·二模）At Cheverton Lodge Care Home, festive jingling breaks out from 17-year-old Ted Mayer’s speaker and he launches into his Christmas set. A seasoned volunteer, he has been singing in care homes since he was six. Ted’s charm has won over many in the audience, particularly the older ladies. But it’s not for everyone. Jeanette Hodes, 92, offers an impatient “come on, get on with it,” and leans back in her chair. On a nearby trolley a cat’s cradle (翻花绳) has caught her eye. The string is quickly brought over to her. Soon enough she is transported to the playground of her youth, offering cheerfully-recalled anecdotes from when she learnt double dutch with friends as her mother could not afford to buy her a Sindy doll. Looking on fondly is Jill Fraser, 68, the founder of Kissing it Better (KiB), a charity working to reduce isolation in the elderly through intergenerational friendships. Fraser is making her way around the room with a trolley of assorted old treasures. A faded Beatrix Potter hardback, Jackie magazine and biography of Lord Mountbatten are piled on top of one another. Fraser’s team of volunteers prepared the items as recollection is thought to be a powerful tool for striking up much-needed conversation in the elderly. Anna Giannotti, 63, an art psychotherapist who is paid for a few hours a week by KiB, says, “Sometimes the elderly are hesitant to get involved, but often when they do get involved, they just become their complete selves. I feel very humbled. It could be any of us in the future.” The youngest volunteer of the day, Mariella Hafalla, 16, finds the frankness of the older generation refreshing. “I really enjoyed the session where we talked about what the residents did when they were younger,” she says. “I found out how people used to go outside all of the time but now we are all online so it has helped me realize the importance of going outside.” 1．What brings Jeanette Hodes back to her youth? A．Buying a Sindy doll. B．Learning double dutch. C．Listening to Ted’s songs. D．Playing with a cat’s cradle. 2．Why does Fraser go around the room with the trolley? A．To offer topics that may encourage interaction. B．To check whether the elderly can recall the past. C．To collect personal belongings from the residents. D．To show volunteers how to interact with old people. 3．What is Anna Giannotti’s attitude towards the elderly? A．Curious. B．Grateful. C．Empathetic. D．Protective. 4．Which phrase most closely reflects KiB’s approach? A．Activity over talk. B．Memory as a bridge. C．Service with a smile. D．Care through exercise. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了英国慈善机构Kissing it Better通过怀旧物品与跨代互动，帮助养老院老人缓解孤独、重拾自我的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“On a nearby trolley a cat’s cradle has caught her eye. The string is quickly brought over to her. Soon enough she is transported to the playground of her youth.(在附近的一辆手推车上，一个翻花绳游戏引起了她的注意。绳子很快就被拿到她面前。没过多久，她仿佛回到了自己儿时的游乐场)”可知，翻花绳让Jeanette Hodes回忆起了儿时时光。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fraser is making her way around the room with a trolley of assorted old treasures. A faded Beatrix Potter hardback, Jackie magazine and biography of Lord Mountbatten are piled on top of one another. Fraser’s team of volunteers prepared the items as recollection is thought to be a powerful tool for striking up much-needed conversation in the elderly.(弗雷泽推着装满各式各样老旧珍藏品的手推车，在房间里缓步走动。一本封面褪色的碧翠丝・波特精装绘本、《杰基》杂志，还有一本蒙巴顿勋爵传记，层层叠叠堆在手推车上。弗雷泽的志愿者团队准备了这些物品，因为人们认为回忆是在老年人中展开急需的交谈的有力工具。)” 可知，Fraser推着小推车是为了提供能唤起回忆、促进老人交流的话题。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中Anna说的话“Sometimes the elderly are hesitant to get involved, but often when they do get involved, they just become their complete selves. I feel very humbled. It could be any of us in the future.(有时候，老年人会对参与其中犹豫不决，但当他们真的参与进来时，往往就能完全展现自我。我深感谦卑。未来我们任何人都可能如此)”可知，她对老人充满共情、理解。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“recollection is thought to be a powerful tool for striking up much-needed conversation in the elderly(回忆被认为是一种强大的工具，有助于老年人开启急需的交流。)”可知，该机构的做法是以记忆为桥梁。故选B。 02（2026·陕西延安·二模）The sky over Damascus was no longer blue; it had turned a heavy, choking grey, mirroring the dust that covered everything. It was early 2026, and the conflict, once distant rumors, had exploded into a fire that seemed to have no end. News spoke of missiles flying between Iran, Israel, and American bases in Syria, but for ten-year-old Amir, the war was not about countries or politics. It was about the silence that followed the explosions. Amir sat in the corner of the ruined basement, holding a small, broken radio. His father, a teacher who now spent his days digging for water, had told him to listen for the “all clear” signal. But the radio only produced static, a harsh sound like dry leaves crushing underfoot. Outside, the city was a maze of broken walls and fear. Neighbors who once shared bread now hid behind closed doors, terrified that a single mistake could bring the roof down. Suddenly, a soft knock came from the heavy iron door. Amir’s heart jumped. In this time of terror, a knock usually meant danger. His mother signaled him to stay quiet, her eyes wide with worry. But the knocking continued, gentle and rhythmic. Slowly, his father moved to the door and opened it just a crack. Standing there was David, a boy from the other side of the street. David’s family was from a different background, and in normal times, they rarely spoke. Today, David’s face was pale, and he held a small bag tightly. “My house is gone,” he whispered, his voice shaking. “The fire took it all. Can we... can we share your space?” The room fell silent. The war had taught them to trust no one. Borders were drawn not just on maps, but in people’s hearts. Yet, looking at the trembling boy, Amir’s father saw not an enemy, but a child just like his son. The anger that the news had planted in their minds began to melt away, replaced by a deeper, older truth. “We have little,” his father said softly, opening the door wide. “But we have enough to share.” As David stepped inside, the grey sky outside seemed less heavy. The war might continue to rage across the region, destroying cities and changing borders, but in that small, dark basement, something powerful had happened. Two families, divided by geography and fear, had chosen humanity over hate. It was a small victory, perhaps, but in the long night of war, even a single candle can guide the way home. 5．What does the “silence that followed the explosions” represent for Amir? A．The moment when the radio finally started working clearly. B．The peaceful time when neighbors came out to play together. C．The terrifying pause that made him realize the reality of the war. D．The signal that the American bases had stopped the fighting. 6．Why did Amir’s family feel hesitant when they heard the knock at the door? A．They thought it was the police coming to arrest them. B．They were afraid that the visitor might bring danger or trouble. C．They did not want to share their limited water with strangers. D．They believed the knocking was just a trick played by the radio. 7．What does the underlined word “trembling” in Paragraph 4 most likely mean? A．Shaking because of cold or fear. B．Moving quickly to run away. C．Speaking in a very loud voice. D．Smiling with great happiness. 8．What is the author’s attitude towards the relationship between the two families at the end of the story? A．Critical and disappointed. B．Doubtful and worried. C．Hopeful and appreciative. D．Indifferent and neutral. 【答案】5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了战争中，Amir一家在地下室避难时，接纳了失去家园的David，展现了战争中人性的光辉。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“News spoke of missiles flying between Iran, Israel, and American bases in Syria, but for ten-year-old Amir, the war was not about countries or politics. It was about the silence that followed the explosions.(新闻报道称，伊朗、以色列和叙利亚境内的美军基地之间导弹交火，但对十岁的Amir来说，战争与国家或政治无关。它是爆炸之后的寂静)”以及第二段描述的爆炸后城市的废墟、人们的恐惧可知，爆炸后的寂静对Amir来说，是让他意识到战争现实的可怕停顿。故选C项。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In this time of terror, a knock usually meant danger. His mother signaled him to stay quiet, her eyes wide with worry.(在这个恐怖的时代，敲门声通常意味着危险。他的母亲示意他保持安静，眼睛因担忧而睁得大大的)”可知，Amir一家听到敲门声时犹豫，是因为他们害怕访客可能带来危险或麻烦。故选B项。 7．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Today, David’s face was pale, and he held a small bag tightly. “My house is gone,” he whispered, his voice shaking. “The fire took it all. Can we... can we share your space?”(今天，David脸色苍白，紧紧攥着一个小袋子。“我的房子没了，”他低声说，声音在颤抖。“大火把一切都烧光了。我们能……我们能分享你的地方吗？”)”可知，David的房子被大火烧毁，他非常害怕，因此猜测trembling意为“因恐惧而颤抖”。故选A项。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As David stepped inside, the grey sky outside seemed less heavy.(当David走进来的时候，外面灰暗的天空似乎不那么沉重了)”以及“Two families, divided by geography and fear, had chosen humanity over hate. It was a small victory, perhaps, but in the long night of war, even a single candle can guide the way home.(两个因地理和恐惧而分裂的家庭，选择了人性而非仇恨。也许这是一场小小的胜利，但在战争的漫漫长夜中，即使是一支蜡烛也能指引回家的路)”可推断，作者对两个家庭之间的关系持充满希望和赞赏的态度。故选C项。 03（2026·辽宁·模拟预测）They look like tiny monkeys peering out from the mist. Known to scientists as Dracula, the so-called monkey-face orchids (兰花) have become online celebrities. They’ve been called the pandas of the orchid world. But a new global assessment has, for the first time, revealed the conservation condition of all known Dracula orchids. Out of 133 species assessed, nearly seven in ten are threatened with extinction. They grow mainly in the Andean cloud forests of Colombia and Ecuador, some of the most biologically rich but also most endangered ecosystems on the planet. Their survival depends on cool, damp conditions at mid to high altitudes (海拔), where constant mist wraps the trees. Orchids have been prized for their flowers for hundreds of years, with European trade starting in the 19th century. Today, that enthusiasm continues, fueled by the Internet. Many enthusiasts and professional growers trade in artificially grown plants responsibly, but others still seek wild orchids, and Dracula species are no exception. In Ecuador’s north-western Andes, Dracula Reserve protects one of the world’s richest concentrations of these orchids. It’s home to at least ten Dracula species. But the threats are closing in. Deforestation for agriculture and illegal mining now endanger the reserve. Local conservationists, who manage the area, have described the situation as “urgent”, calling for immediate action. They believe strengthening community-based monitoring, supporting sustainable farming and developing eco - tourism to provide income from protecting, rather than clearing, the forest, are good choices. Local organizations are working with communities to protect the area. What they are doing is modest efforts compared with the challenges, but they show that solutions exist, if the world pays attention. There’s also an opportunity here to turn popularity into protection. The same Internet fame that fuels demand for these orchids could help fund their conservation. If posts about orchids included information about where they come from and how threatened they are, they could help avoid overcollection. Whether future generations will still find these faces in the forest, and not just in digital feeds, depends on how we act now. 9．What do we know about monkey-face orchids from paragraph 2? A．They have been under effective protection. B．They face more demand due to the Internet. C．They adapt to the local climate very quickly. D．They need to live in areas with rich biodiversity. 10．What is one of Dracula Reserve’s suggestions? A．Boosting the variety of orchids. B．Developing traditional agriculture. C．Rewarding the conservation of forests. D．Stopping eco-tourism around mining spots. 11．What is the author’s attitude to monkey-face orchids’ future? A．Unclear. B．Doubtful. C．Reserved. D．Optimistic. 12．What is the suitable title for the text? A．Gaining Fame for Monkey-Face Orchids B．Growing Monkey-Face Orchids in the Wild C．Preventing Monkey-Face Orchids’ Extinction D．Understanding Monkey-Face Orchids’ Habitats 【答案】9．B 10．C 11．D 12．C 【导语】本文介绍了猴脸兰花的走红现象，并揭示了其严峻的生存危机，最后指出解决方案：借助互联网传播的力量，让“名气”反过来帮助保护工作。 9．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Today, that enthusiasm continues, fueled by the Internet. Many enthusiasts and professional growers trade in artificially grown plants responsibly, but others still seek wild orchids, and Dracula species are no exception.(如今，在互联网的推动下，这种热情仍在持续。许多爱好者和专业种植者负责任地进行人工种植交易，但其他人仍然寻求野生兰花，猴脸兰也不例外。)”可知，互联网助长了人们对兰花的热情，许多人仍在寻求野生兰花，猴脸兰也不例外。这说明它们因互联网而面临更大的需求。 10．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“They believe strengthening community-based monitoring, supporting sustainable farming and developing eco - tourism to provide income from protecting, rather than clearing, the forest, are good choices.(他们认为，加强基于社区的监测、支持可持续农业以及发展生态旅游，以从保护森林而非砍伐森林中获得收入，这些都是不错的选择。)”可知，保护区认为，发展生态旅游可以从保护森林中获得收入，而不是通过砍伐森林。这相当于奖励森林保护。 11．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“What they are doing is modest efforts compared with the challenges, but they show that solutions exist, if the world pays attention. There’s also an opportunity here to turn popularity into protection. The same Internet fame that fuels demand for these orchids could help fund their conservation.(与挑战相比，他们所做的努力虽微不足道，但这些努力表明，只要世界给予关注，解决方案是存在的。这里还有一个机会，可以把名气转化为保护。互联网上助长对这些兰花需求的相同名气，也可以为它们的保护提供资金。)”可知，作者指出，尽管挑战很大，但解决方案是存在的，只要世界给予关注。同时提到可以利用互联网名气来资助保护工作。这表明作者对猴脸兰的未来持乐观态度。 12．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“But a new global assessment has, for the first time, revealed the conservation condition of all known Dracula orchids. Out of 133 species assessed, nearly seven in ten are threatened with extinction.(但一项新的全球评估首次揭示了所有已知德拉库拉兰花的保护状况。在被评估的133个物种中，近七成面临灭绝威胁。)”并通读全文可知，本文介绍了猴脸兰花的走红现象，并揭示了其严峻的生存危机，最后指出解决方案：借助互联网传播的力量，让“名气”反过来帮助保护工作。故C项“防止猴脸兰灭绝”符合文章标题，能概括全文内容。 04（2026·陕西西安·模拟预测）When engineers struggle to design a quieter high-speed train, they often look to the sky. Specifically, they look at the kingfisher, a bird that can dive into water with barely a splash. This approach is called biomimicry — innovation inspired by nature. It is based on the idea that after 3.8 billion years of evolution, nature has already solved many of the problems we face today. One of the most famous examples of biomimicry is the Japanese Shinkansen bullet train. Originally, the train created a loud sonic boom when exiting tunnels due to air pressure build-up. An engineer, who was also a bird-watcher, redesigned the train’s nose to mimic the long, sharp beak of the kingfisher. This change not only eliminated the noise but also made the train 10% faster and 15% more energy-efficient. Another fascinating application is in architecture. The Eastgate Centre in Zimbabwe uses a cooling system inspired by termite mounds. Termites maintain a constant temperature inside their mounds despite the fluctuating heat outside by opening and closing a series of heating and cooling vents. Similarly, the Eastgate Centre uses natural convection currents to regulate temperature, using 90% less energy than conventional buildings of the same size. Biomimicry is not just about copying shapes; it is about understanding the principles behind them. As we face global challenges like climate change and resource depletion, looking to nature for sustainable solutions is becoming more critical. From Velcro, which was inspired by burrs sticking to a dog’s fur, to wind turbine blades modeled after whale fins, nature proves to be the ultimate research and development laboratory. 13．Why does the author mention the kingfisher in Paragraph 1? A．To explain how birds catch fish in the water. B．To introduce the concept of biomimicry. C．To describe the habitat of the kingfisher. D．To compare birds with high-speed trains. 14．What was the result of redesigning the Shinkansen train? A．It became quieter and more efficient. B．It could carry more passengers. C．It became slower but safer. D．It eliminated the need for tunnels. 15．How does the Eastgate Centre save energy? A．By using solar panels on the roof. B．By copying the termite’s method of temperature control. C．By planting trees around the building. D．By using materials from termite mounds. 16．What is the author’s attitude towards biomimicry? A．Skeptical. B．Indifferent. C．Critical. D．Positive. 【答案】13．B 14．A 15．B 16．D 【导语】文章主要讲述了仿生学的概念及其在工程和建筑领域的应用实例。 13．推理判断题。根据第一段中“This approach is called biomimicry — innovation inspired by nature. It is based on the idea that after 3.8 billion years of evolution, nature has already solved many of the problems we face today.(这种方法被称为仿生学——受自然启发的创新。它基于这样一种理念：经过38亿年的进化，自然已经解决了我们今天面临的许多问题)”可知，作者在第一段提到翠鸟是为了介绍仿生学的概念。 14．细节理解题。根据第二段中“This change not only eliminated the noise but also made the train 10% faster and 15% more energy-efficient.(这一改变不仅消除了噪音，还使火车速度提高了10%，能源效率提高了15%。)”可知，重新设计新干线列车的结果是它变得更安静、更高效。故选A。 15．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The Eastgate Centre in Zimbabwe uses a cooling system inspired by termite mounds. Termites maintain a constant temperature inside their mounds despite the fluctuating heat outside by opening and closing a series of heating and cooling vents. Similarly, the Eastgate Centre uses natural convection currents to regulate temperature, using 90% less energy than conventional buildings of the same size.(津巴布韦的Eastgate Centre使用了一种受白蚁丘启发的冷却系统。白蚁通过打开和关闭一系列加热和冷却通风口来保持蚁丘内部的恒温，尽管外部热量波动。同样，Eastgate Centre利用自然对流来调节温度，比同等规模的传统建筑节省90%的能源)”可知，Eastgate Centre通过模仿白蚁的温度控制方法来节省能源。 16．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As we face global challenges like climate change and resource depletion, looking to nature for sustainable solutions is becoming more critical. From Velcro, which was inspired by burrs sticking to a dog's fur, to wind turbine blades modeled after whale fins, nature proves to be the ultimate research and development laboratory.(当我们面临气候变化和资源枯竭等全球挑战时，从自然界寻找可持续解决方案变得越来越重要。从受狗毛上粘着的苍耳启发而发明的魔术贴，到模仿鲸鱼鳍的风力涡轮机叶片，大自然被证明是终极的研发实验室)”可知，作者对仿生学持积极态度。 05（2026·云南玉溪·二模）Squeeze a toy too hard and it deforms; hold a water bottle too loosely and it falls. These struggles bother millions who have lost all or part of an arm or hand and rely on man-made hands — devices that can grasp objects but cannot feel. Now, engineers at Johns Hopkins University have developed a bionic (仿生) hand that feels what it’s touching and grasps like a human, carefully conforming and adjusting its grasp to avoid damaging or mishandling whatever it holds. The pioneering design marks a first for robotic hands, which have typically been too rigid or too soft to copy human touch. Such long-standing difficulties have limited the use of traditional artificial hands. “Our goal has been to create a more natural man-made hand that functions and feels like a real hand,” said lead researcher Sriramana Sankar. “We want people to hold their loved ones without worrying about hurting them.” The hand integrates soft materials with a rigid 3D-printed internal structure. Its three layers of touch sensors, inspired by human skin, allow it to detect shapes and textures. Each soft finger joint can be controlled using forearm muscles, while machine learning algorithms (算法) process the signals from the artificial touch sensors and turn them into nerve-like messages, which are delivered through electrical stimulation to the user’s nervous system, allowing the brain to perceive touch in real time. In this way, users can sense pressure and surface just as they would with a real hand. In lab tests, the hand identified and handled 15 everyday objects — from delicate stuffed toys to metal water bottles — with 99.69% accuracy. Most impressively, it picked up a thin plastic cup filled with water using just three fingers, without crushing (压扁) it. “While this technology is still an early breakthrough, future models could feature greater strength, additional sensors, and industrial-grade materials,” said project director Nitish Thakor. “Such technology isn’t just for use in next-generation bionic hands, but also for future robotic hands, which will need to handle fragile materials like glass and fabric, just as human hands do.” The influence may soon reach far beyond medical use alone. 17．What function do machine learning algorithms perform in the bionic hand? A．They detect the shapes and textures of objects. B．They deliver the messages to the nervous system. C．They handle touch signals and create sensory feedback. D．They control the movement of each finger joint directly. 18．Why does the author mention picking up a thin plastic cup filled with water? A．To compare the hand’s ability with that of a human hand. B．To prove the hand has stronger grasp than traditional ones. C．To suggest the hand is mainly designed for everyday tasks. D．To show the hand’s ability to apply precise pressure control. 19．What is Nitish Thakor’s attitude towards the future of the bionic hand technology? A．Cautiously optimistic. B．Highly doubtful. C．Somewhat disappointed. D．Extremely confident. 20．Which would be the best title for the text? A．A Bionic Breakthrough: The Hand That Feels. B．A New Man-made Hand: Never Dropping a Cup. C．A Robotic Innovation: Making Everyday Tasks Easier. D．A Pioneering Design: Copying Human Bones and Skin. 【答案】17．C 18．D 19．A 20．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了约翰斯·霍普金斯大学研发的一款可感知触觉的仿生手，阐述了其工作原理、实验效果及未来应用前景。 17．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Each soft finger joint can be controlled using forearm muscles, while machine learning algorithms (算法) process the signals from the artificial touch sensors and turn them into nerve-like messages, which are delivered through electrical stimulation to the user’s nervous system, allowing the brain to perceive touch in real time.(每个柔软的手指关节都可以通过前臂肌肉来控制，而机器学习算法会处理来自人造触觉传感器的信号，并将其转化为类似神经的信号，通过电刺激传递给用户的神经系统，从而使大脑能够实时感知触觉)”可知，算法处理触觉信号并产生感官反馈，故选C。 18．推理判断题。根据第四段“In lab tests, the hand identified and handled 15 everyday objects — from delicate stuffed toys to metal water bottles — with 99.69% accuracy. Most impressively, it picked up a thin plastic cup filled with water using just three fingers, without crushing (压扁) it.(在实验室测试中，这只手能够准确识别并处理 15 种日常物品——从精致的毛绒玩具到金属水瓶——的 99.69% 的准确率。最令人印象深刻的是，它仅用三根手指就能拿起装满水的薄塑料杯，而没有将其压扁)”可知，文中提到用三根手指拿起水杯而不压扁，意在展示仿生手能精准控制力度，故选D。 19．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““While this technology is still an early breakthrough, future models could feature greater strength, additional sensors, and industrial-grade materials,” said project director Nitish Thakor.(“虽然这项技术仍处于早期突破阶段，但未来的模型可能会具备更强的力度、更多的传感器以及工业级材料。”项目负责人Nitish Thakor说)”可知，Nitish Thakor提到该技术仍是早期突破，但对未来应用有积极展望，态度为谨慎乐观，故选A。 20．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Now, engineers at Johns Hopkins University have developed a bionic (仿生) hand that feels what it’s touching and grasps like a human, carefully conforming and adjusting its grasp to avoid damaging or mishandling whatever it holds.(如今，约翰斯·霍普金斯大学的工程师们研发出了一款仿生手，它能够感知所接触物体的质地，并像人类一样抓握，能够精确地调整和适应其抓握方式，以避免损坏或不当处理所抓取的物品)”可知，全文核心是这款仿生手能感知触觉与传统假肢形成对比，A项“仿生学的重大突破：能感知的双手”为最佳标题，故选A。 06（25-26高三下·浙江·开学考试）A surprising analysis of 15 studies reveals that patients perceive more warmth in AI-generated medical responses than in those from human doctors. The largest study examined 2,164 patient interactions, with similar patterns emerging across smaller datasets. The results, published in the British Medical Bulletin, challenge long-held assumptions about human connection in medicine and run counter to a 2019 UK government report that called empathy an “essential human skill that AI cannot replicate (复制).” ChatGPT and similar AI chatbots scored roughly 2 points higher than human healthcare professionals (HCPs) on 10-point empathy scales when responding to patient questions via text. AI had a 73% probability of being rated as more empathic than human practitioners in head-to-head comparisons. “In text-only scenarios, AI chatbots are frequently perceived as more empathic than human HCPs,” study authors wrote. The meta-analysis from the Universities of Nottingham and Leicester pooled data from 13 of the 15 studies comparing AI chatbots to doctors, nurses, and other healthcare workers. Studies drawing from Reddit health forums and patient portals showed similar trends. Questions ranged from interpreting blood test results to managing chronic conditions to understanding cancer treatment options. Across this variety, AI responses were more likely to be rated as warm, understanding, and considerate of patient concerns. The studies couldn’t determine whether AI’s perceived empathy advantage translates to better health outcomes. While empathic communication has been linked to reduced patient pain and anxiety, improved medication adherence, and higher satisfaction with care, these studies measured perception rather than clinical impact. The findings suggest that empathetic AI can provide valuable support in healthcare fields, thereby enhancing the roles these technologies can play in our everyday lives. While the results were strong, this study represents a broad perspective and does not account for differences in socio-cultural backgrounds among participants. Cultural differences can greatly influence how empathy is perceived and assessed. Future work could look closely at how people from different backgrounds view empathetic responses in both humans and AI to enhance understanding in this area. 21．What is the main finding of the analysis? A．Empathy is a unique human skill beyond AI’s reach. B．Patients find AI’s medical replies more sympathetic. C．AI provides more effective treatment plans than humans. D．AI shows greater competence in routine patient inquiries. 22．What’s the primary purpose of paragraph 2? A．To present research evidence. B．To explain underlying causes. C．To predict future developments. D．To describe relevant background. 23．What can be implied from paragraph 3? A．AI’s empathy is irrelevant to patient satisfaction. B．AI’s empathy may not improve actual clinical outcomes. C．AI’s assistance is widely applied across different patient groups. D．AI’s empathy can directly lead to better health conditions of patients. 24．What is the author’s attitude towards the studies? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Critical. D．Objective. 【答案】21．B 22．A 23．B 24．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究发现患者认为 AI 医疗回复比医生更有同理心，并给出相关数据。但未证实其能提升疗效，且研究未考虑社会文化差异，态度客观。 21．细节理解题。根据第一段“A surprising analysis of 15 studies reveals that patients perceive more warmth in AI-generated medical responses than in those from human doctors.(对15项研究的意外分析表明，患者在面对由人工智能生成的医疗回复时，感受到的温暖程度要高于从人类医生那里得到的回复)”可知，该分析的主要发现是患者认为人工智能给出的医疗回复更具同情心。故选B。 22．推理判断题。根据第二段“ChatGPT and similar AI chatbots scored roughly 2 points higher than human healthcare professionals (HCPs) on 10-point empathy scales when responding to patient questions via text. AI had a 73% probability of being rated as more empathic than human practitioners in head-to-head comparisons. “In text-only scenarios, AI chatbots are frequently perceived as more empathic than human HCPs,” study authors wrote. The meta-analysis from the Universities of Nottingham and Leicester pooled data from 13 of the 15 studies comparing AI chatbots to doctors, nurses, and other healthcare workers.(在通过文字回答患者问题时，ChatGPT和类似的AI聊天机器人在10分制的同理心评估量表上的得分比人类医疗专业人员（HCP）高出约2分。在一对一的对比测试中，AI被认为比人类从业者更具同理心的概率为73%。研究作者写道：“在纯文字情境下，AI聊天机器人通常被认为比人类医疗专业人员更具同理心。”诺丁汉大学和莱斯特大学的这项荟萃分析汇集了15项研究中13项将AI聊天机器人与医生、护士和其他医疗工作者进行比较的数据)”可知，第二段的主要目的是展示研究证据。故选A。 23．推理判断题。根据第三段“The studies couldn’t determine whether AI’s perceived empathy advantage translates to better health outcomes.(这些研究无法确定人工智能所具有的“同理心”优势是否能转化为更良好的健康结果)”可知，人工智能的同理心可能不会改善实际的临床效果。故选B。 24．推理判断题。根据最后一段“While the results were strong, this study represents a broad perspective and does not account for differences in socio-cultural backgrounds among participants. Cultural differences can greatly influence how empathy is perceived and assessed.(虽然研究结果十分显著，但这项研究视角较为宽泛，并未考虑到参与者之间在社会文化背景方面的差异。文化差异会对同理心的感知和评估产生重大影响)”可知，作者对这些研究持客观态度。故选D。 07（2026·安徽合肥·一模）For years, media headlines have described a serious situation regarding bee populations. They frequently warn that a global decline in bee species is just around the corner. But is it as straightforward as it appears? In fact, bee numbers tell a tale of two trends. In the United States, bee populations have encountered significant obstacles in recent decades. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) , since the 1960s the number of honeybee colonies in the United States has dropped significantly from around 5.5 million to approximately 2.5 million. In contrast to the declines observed in the West, some Asian countries have experienced stable or even growing bee populations. Several factors contribute to this positive trend: diverse natural landscapes, mild climates, and the expansion of commercial beekeeping. For instance, China — the world’s largest honey producer — has significantly expanded its managed honeybee populations to meet growing global demand, which helps make up for declines in wild bee populations. The idea of a global bee population collapse may not fully reflect the complexity of the situation. While some regions are experiencing alarming losses, others are seeing increases, demonstrating that active and effective measures can lead to positive outcomes. Regions facing declines can stabilize and even restore their bee populations by carrying out stronger conservation policies and sustainable farming practices. Key measures include the use of health-boosting treatments to strengthen bees’ immunity against pests and diseases, and the protection of diverse floral habitats to ensure a continuous and abundant food supply throughout the year. Meanwhile, countries experiencing population growth must remain alert to emerging threats to safeguard their long-term ecological progress and stability. Bees play a vital role in global food security and biodiversity. Their future depends on our collective ability to adapt, innovate, and protect their habitats. Instead of focusing only on declines, we should also learn from and follow the success stories of growing bee populations around the world. 25．What is the author’s attitude toward media reports on bee population? A．Fully supportive. B．Cautiously balanced. C．Highly defensive. D．Openly dismissive. 26．What has led to the growth of bee populations in some Asian countries? A．The diverse and growing number of wild bee populations. B．The development of new technology in the beekeeping industry. C．The favorable environment and the growing beekeeping industry. D．The rising global demand for wild bee honey and its by-products. 27．What can be inferred about the efforts to address bee population decline? A．Current measures have limited impact. B．Scientific creativity plays a leading role. C．Economic growth worsens ecological problems. D．Targeted actions help turn around negative trends. 28．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A．To give a detailed report on changes in bee populations. B．To raise a warning about the collapse of bee populations. C．To clarify trends in bee populations and suggest solutions. D．To outline the problems in beekeeping and analyze the causes. 【答案】25．B 26．C 27．D 28．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了全球蜜蜂数量呈现不同趋势及应对数量下降的措施并呼吁保护蜜蜂。 25．推理判断题。根据第一段“For years, media headlines have described a serious situation regarding bee populations. They frequently warn that a global decline in bee species is just around the corner. But is it as straightforward as it appears? In fact, bee numbers tell a tale of two trends. (多年来，媒体头条都在描述蜜蜂数量的严峻形势。他们经常警告说，全球蜜蜂物种的减少即将到来。但真的像看上去那么简单吗？事实上，蜜蜂的数量呈现出两种趋势。)”可知，作者没有完全认同媒体报道，而是客观分析了两种趋势，态度谨慎且平衡。故选B项。 26．细节理解题。根据第二段“In contrast to the declines observed in the West, some Asian countries have experienced stable or even growing bee populations. Several factors contribute to this positive trend: diverse natural landscapes, mild climates, and the expansion of commercial beekeeping. (与西方观察到的下降趋势相反，一些亚洲国家的蜜蜂数量保持稳定甚至增长。有几个因素促成了这一积极趋势：多样化的自然景观、温和的气候以及商业养蜂业的扩张。)”可知，有利的环境和不断发展的养蜂业导致了一些亚洲国家蜜蜂数量的增长。故选C项。 27．推理判断题。根据第三段“While some regions are experiencing alarming losses, others are seeing increases, demonstrating that active and effective measures can lead to positive outcomes. Regions facing declines can stabilize and even restore their bee populations by carrying out stronger conservation policies and sustainable farming practices. (虽然一些地区正在经历惊人的损失，但其他地区却在增加，这表明积极有效的措施可以带来积极的结果。面临下降的地区可以通过实施更有力的保护政策和可持续的农业实践来稳定甚至恢复其蜜蜂种群。)”可知，有针对性的行动有助于扭转负面趋势。故选D项。 28．推理判断题。根据文章内容，文章先指出媒体对蜜蜂数量下降的报道，接着说明全球蜜蜂数量呈现不同趋势，然后提出应对蜜蜂数量下降的措施，最后强调蜜蜂的重要性并呼吁保护蜜蜂。所以作者写这篇文章的主要目的是澄清蜜蜂数量的趋势并提出解决方案。故选C项。 08（2026·浙江台州·二模）Have you ever found someone copying your gestures or facial expressions during a conversation? This is the Chameleon (变色龙) Effect, the nonconscious mimicry (模仿) of others’ behaviors. Just like a chameleon integrates into its environment, people unconsciously mimic others’ gestures, mannerisms or accents to build connections and smooth interactions, which is a common yet easily overlooked human trait. Psychologists John Bargh and Tanya Chartrand proved the Chameleon Effect in a 1999 experiment. They asked 78 participants to talk with experimenters during a personality test. To avoid conscious mimicry, researchers used photos as a distraction during conversations. The results showed participants unconsciously increased face touching by 20% and foot movement by 50% to match the experimenters. Another part found people who were mimicked rated the experimenters more positively, showing mimicry boosts likability. The Chameleon Effect stems from two main reasons. It is rooted in human empathy — people mimic others to share feelings and build emotional bonds. It also evolved as a survival trait: fitting in with a group helps people gain support and avoid danger. In daily life, this explains why couples or close friends gradually adopt similar speech habits or gestures. This effect also appears in speech and social settings. People may unconsciously pick up others’ accents or phrases after long interactions. For example, a football player once accidentally used a French accent during an interview after living in France for months, a typical display of the effect. However, excessive mimicry may make people lose their sense of self. Such over-mimicry can lead to confusion about one’s true personality. Overall, the Chameleon Effect is a positive social tool that promotes connection and empathy. It helps reduce social tension and build trust between people. While it helps people integrate into groups, balancing mimicry with self-identity is crucial to avoiding losing oneself in social interactions. With this awareness, people can use the effect wisely while preserving their own uniqueness. 29．Which of the following is an example of the “Chameleon Effect”? A．A girl copies her deskmate’s movements. B．A driver follows a policeman’s directions. C．An applicant learns the judge’s expressions by heart. D．An assistant practices a foreigner’s tones on purpose. 30．What can be inferred about the “Chameleon Effect” from paragraph 2? A．Personality changes with conscious mimicry. B．Likability increases mimicry in conversations. C．People mimic others to gain group acceptance. D．Mimicry arouses shared feelings between couples. 31．What is the downside of excessive mimicry? A．The loss of self-identity. B．An end to true connection. C．The failure of mutual trust. D．A decrease in social tension. 32．What is the author’s attitude towards the “Chameleon Effect”? A．Doubtful. B．Critical. C．Dismissive. D．Cautious. 【答案】29．A 30．C 31．A 32．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“变色龙效应”，即人们无意识地模仿他人的行为以建立联系和促进互动，探讨了其产生的原因、表现以及过度模仿的负面影响，并指出要平衡模仿与自我认同。 29．细节理解题。根据第一段“Have you ever found someone copying your gestures or facial expressions during a conversation? This is the Chameleon (变色龙) Effect, the nonconscious mimicry (模仿) of others’ behaviors. (你是否发现有人在对话中模仿你的手势或面部表情？这就是变色龙效应，即无意识地模仿他人的行为。)”可知，变色龙效应是无意识地模仿他人行为。A选项“一个女孩模仿她同桌的动作”，符合无意识模仿这一特点，是变色龙效应的例子。B选项“司机听从警察的指挥”，是有意识的行为；C选项“申请人用心学习评委的表情”，是有意识的；D选项“助手故意练习外国人的语调”，是有意为之。故选A项。 30．推理判断题。根据第二段“It also evolved as a survival trait: fitting in with a group helps people gain support and avoid danger. (它也是一种生存特征：融入群体有助于人们获得支持并避免危险。)”可知，人们模仿他人是为了融入群体，获得群体接受。故选C项。 31．细节理解题。根据第三段“However, excessive mimicry may make people lose their sense of self. Such over-mimicry can lead to confusion about one’s true personality. (然而，过度模仿可能会让人失去自我意识。这种过度模仿会导致对自己真实性格的困惑。)”可知，过度模仿的缺点是失去自我意识。故选A项。 32．推理判断题。根据最后一段“While it helps people integrate into groups, balancing mimicry with self-identity is crucial to avoiding losing oneself in social interactions. With this awareness, people can use the effect wisely while preserving their own uniqueness. (虽然它有助于人们融入群体，但在社交互动中平衡模仿与自我认同对于避免迷失自我至关重要。有了这种意识，人们可以明智地利用这种效应，同时保持自己的独特性。)”可知，作者认为要平衡模仿与自我认同，明智利用变色龙效应，说明作者对变色龙效应持谨慎态度。故选D项。 09（2026·广东汕头·二模）In the high-mountain grasslands of eastern California, a gray owl (猫头鹰) rests beside a road within Yosemite National Park. He is focused on his prey across the road. As he takes off, flying just inches over the pavement, a car speeds by, narrowly missing him. Many owls are not as fortunate. Since 2003, 23 individuals — over 11% of the present population — have been killed by vehicles. These small, genetically unique owls struggle to survive. Park biologist Heather Mackey says they’re a signature species of Yosemite. Therefore, Yosemite partnered with the Institute for Bird Populations to conduct a study on owl activities from 2022 to 2024. The first step was the hardest: capturing the owls to attach trackers. The team finally fitted six owls with specially designed lightweight GPS backpacks. By downloading GPS signals monthly, Dustin Garrison, National Park Service biologist as well as the primary field technician on the study, and his colleagues gained precise data on the owls’ habitat use and hunting patterns. Owls depend on Yosemite’s wet, open grasslands surrounded by old-growth forest and rich in the birds’ favored prey. But these habitats are increasingly at risk. More alarmingly, owls seemed to favor dangerous roadsides for hunting. “The study revealed a high concentration of owl territories along roadsides,” notes biologist Ramiro Aragon. “It might be that roads cut through areas owls use. So it’s hard to say if they’re attracted to roads or actually just caught in between.” Data also shows owl activity overlaps (重叠) with traffic peaks. They were most active after sunset and between 4 and 6 a.m., while public entry without reservation is allowed before 6 a.m. “We can use the data to regulate the timing so we’re not creating an artificial push of traffic right around peak hours of owl activity,” Mackey says. Researchers also propose other protective measures, including reducing speed limits along key roads, and modifying roadside vegetation to make it less attractive. “There are two ways to approach changes,” Garrison notes. “You either modify human behavior, or you modify wildlife behavior.” 33．Why does the author describe the scene in Paragraph 1? A．To show how fortunate the owl is. B．To predict the outcome of the owl. C．To present how natural the park is. D．To illustrate the problem the owls face. 34．What was the most challenging part of the study? A．Putting trackers on owls. B．Observing owls at night. C．Making lighter backpacks. D．Analyzing the GPS data. 35．What is Ramiro’s attitude to owls’ preference for roadside hunting? A．Concerned. B．Subjective. C．Supportive. D．Critical. 36．What suggestion is proposed to solve the overlap between owl activity and traffic peaks? A．Limit road speed. B．Set public entry limitation. C．Change roadside plants. D．Adjust reservation schedule. 【答案】33．D 34．A 35．A 36．D 【导语】主要介绍在加利福尼亚州东部约塞米蒂国家公园，猫头鹰因车辆威胁生存面临困境，公园与相关机构合作研究，揭示其栖息地使用、捕猎模式等问题，并提出保护措施。 33．推理判断题。根据第一段“In the high-mountain grasslands of eastern California, a gray owl (猫头鹰) rests beside a road within Yosemite National Park. He is focused on his prey across the road. As he takes off, flying just inches over the pavement, a car speeds by, narrowly missing him. (在加利福尼亚州东部的高山草原上，一只灰色的猫头鹰栖息在约塞米蒂国家公园内的一条路边。它专注于路对面的猎物。当它起飞，在路面上方仅几英寸处飞行时，一辆汽车疾驰而过，险些撞到它。)”以及第二段“Many owls are not as fortunate. Since 2003, 23 individuals — over 11% of the present population — have been killed by vehicles. (许多猫头鹰就没这么幸运了。自2003年以来，已有23只猫头鹰——超过现有种群数量的11%——被车辆撞死。)”可知，作者描述第一段的场景是为了引出并说明猫头鹰面临被车辆撞击的问题。 34．细节理解题。根据第三段“The first step was the hardest: capturing the owls to attach trackers.(第一步是最困难的：捕获猫头鹰以安装追踪器。)”可知，研究中最具挑战性的部分是给猫头鹰安装追踪器。 35．推理判断题。根据第四段““The study revealed a high concentration of owl territories along roadsides,” notes biologist Ramiro Aragon. “It might be that roads cut through areas owls use. So it’s hard to say if they’re attracted to roads or actually just caught in between.” (生物学家拉米罗·阿拉贡指出：“研究显示猫头鹰的领地高度集中在路边。可能是道路穿过了猫头鹰使用的区域。所以很难说它们是被道路吸引，还是实际上只是被困在中间。”)”可知，拉米罗·阿拉贡对猫头鹰偏好路边捕猎的情况表示担忧。 36．细节理解题。根据第五段“Data also shows owl activity overlaps (重叠) with traffic peaks. They were most active after sunset and between 4 and 6 a.m., while public entry without reservation is allowed before 6 a.m. “We can use the data to regulate the timing so we’re not creating an artificial push of traffic right around peak hours of owl activity,” Mackey says. (数据还显示猫头鹰的活动与交通高峰重叠。它们在日落后和凌晨4点到6点之间最为活跃，而早上6点前允许无预约入园。麦基说：“我们可以利用这些数据来调整时间安排，这样就不会在猫头鹰活动的高峰期人为地造成交通高峰。)”）可知，为解决猫头鹰活动与交通高峰重叠的问题，建议调整预约时间表。 10（2026·广东湛江·二模）High school students are on the point of entering a very different job market from previous generations. Tech and economic experts mostly agree that AI will change many jobs and may make some disappear completely. And basic jobs are likely to be influenced early in this change. Although employment is still rather high among all groups, it has dropped a little for 20-to 24-year-olds recently. Dario Amodei, CEO of a tech company, believes that AI could take away as many as half of all simple white-collar (白领的) jobs within the next few years, though other people in the tech industry expect smaller changes. Finding a job in computer science — a field that until recently was seen as a great way to get a well-paid and steady job — has already become much more competitive, as AI does more of that work, thus narrowing down the job chances. Meanwhile, high schools are trying their best to decide how to teach students about AI and whether students should be allowed to use it in their studies. Many students are using it whether they are allowed to or not. A 2024 Pew Research Center study shows that half of US teens said they had used ChatGPT to do their homework. All this is changing how some young people plan for college and their jobs. Some are choosing to work in practical fields like healthcare that seem more reliable, while others are learning how to use AI in their future jobs. If you ask people working in tech, they will probably tell you that learning to use AI is the best way for high school students to prepare for a successful and long-term job. “AI may not take your job, but someone who has AI skills will take it instead,” said Colette Stallbaumer, general manager of Microsoft 365 Copilot. With this opinion, she asks students to think carefully: “Are you using AI to try new ideas? To make an app? Are you even using it as a study tool?” 37．What are high school students facing? A．A sudden economic depression. B．A distinct employment situation. C．A new job market full of chances. D．A dramatic change in labor work. 38．Why are jobs in computer science more competitive? A．They decrease in number. B．They demand higher skills. C．They attract fewer learners. D．They become less well-paid. 39．What can be inferred about US teens? A．They tend to choose AI in practical domains. B．They are allowed to adopt AI in their exams. C．Their plans for their future are free of AI use. D．Their reliance on AI can shape their options. 40．What is Colette Stallbaumer’s attitude to students’ AI use? A．Critical. B．Objective. C．Supportive. D．Disapproving. 【答案】37．B 38．A 39．D 40．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍AI改变就业市场，影响高中生规划，并给出应对建议。 37．细节理解题。根据第一段中“High school students are on the point of entering a very different job market from previous generations. (高中生即将进入一个与前几代人截然不同的就业市场。)”可知，高中生面临的是一种截然不同的就业情况。故选B。 38．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Finding a job in computer science — a field that until recently was seen as a great way to get a well-paid and steady job — has already become much more competitive, as AI does more of that work, thus narrowing down the job chances. (在计算机科学领域找工作——这个领域直到最近还被认为是获得高薪稳定工作的好方法——已经变得更具竞争力，因为人工智能承担了更多的工作，从而减少了工作机会。)”可知，计算机科学领域的工作机会减少，导致竞争更加激烈。故选A。 39．推理判断题。根据第三段中“All this is changing how some young people plan for college and their jobs. Some are choosing to work in practical fields like healthcare that seem more reliable, while others are learning how to use AI in their future jobs. (所有这一切都在改变一些年轻人对大学和职业的规划。一些人选择在医疗保健等看起来更可靠的实用领域工作，而另一些人则在学习如何在未来的工作中使用人工智能。)”可推断，美国青少年对人工智能的依赖会影响他们的选择。故选D。 40．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““AI may not take your job, but someone who has AI skills will take it instead,” said Colette Stallbaumer, general manager of Microsoft 365 Copilot. With this opinion, she asks students to think carefully: “Are you using AI to try new ideas? To make an app? Are you even using it as a study tool?” (微软365Copilot总经理Colette Stallbaumer说：“人工智能可能不会取代你的工作，但拥有人工智能技能的人会取代你。” 基于这一观点，她要求学生认真思考：“你是在用人工智能尝试新想法吗？用来制作应用程序吗？你甚至把它当作学习工具来用吗？”)”可知，Colette Stallbaumer鼓励学生学习使用人工智能，因此她的态度是支持的。故选C。 第二部分：经典书评题专练10篇 01（25-26高三下·河南·阶段检测）Diane Hartman’s travel memoir (回忆录), Getting Lost on My Way, tells the story of a woman who found a spiritual home. A children’s librarian, Hartman first discovered her connection with Ireland through music and books. After a chance meeting with John O’Donohue, an Irish author of a book on Celtic spirituality, she finally decided to make her long-dreamed-of trip to Ireland — the first of four journeys to come. What makes this memoir refreshing is Hartman’s willingness to hug the unexpected. Driving around the country without phone maps or email, she frequently made mistakes — going the wrong way. Yet these mistakes often led to precious personal encounters with bed-and-breakfast hosts and locals she met along the way. Hartman gradually opened herself to relationships that enriched her travels. The book is filled with references to Irish music and musicians — Luka Bloom, the Waterboys, and the Saw Doctors — that awoke the country’s cultural landscape. Hartman’s journey includes appearances of a poetry publisher, with most of their talks in mild Irish dialect (方言). Alongside descriptions of green hills and fairy forests, she shares encounters with dogs, sheep and donkeys that add warmth to her memoir. Through her four trips, Hartman’s connection with Ireland deepened. She found herself outgrowing a relationship back home — a sign of emotional growth. The book addresses heavy topics like depression but maintains a positive and lighthearted tone. One clue follows her love of singer Luka Bloom — showing a willingness to take risks. Her final stay at an Irish writer’s home provides a perfect finale: the shy librarian had become a writer herself. Getting Lost on My Way celebrates what happens when a traveler challenges herself and goes down unfamiliar paths — both on the road and within. It really deserves a read. 1．What inspired Diane Hartman to make her trip to Ireland? A．Her respect for the Celtics. B．Her desire to start a new life. C．Her dream of living in Ireland. D．Her encounter with an Irish author. 2．How did Hartman’s mistakes affect her travel experience? A．They forced her to use phone maps. B．They made her reevaluate her choice. C．They cost her a lot of time and energy. D．They resulted in valuable connections with locals. 3．What can we learn about Hartman from the text? A．She travels to escape problems. B．She prefers to travel with careful plans. C．She is reserved but grows more open through traveling. D．She is outgoing and makes international friends easily. 4．What is the text? A．A short novel. B．A news report. C．A book review. D．A research paper. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．C 【导语】文章介绍了作家黛安・哈特曼的回忆录《Getting Lost on My Way》。这本书讲述了她在爱尔兰的旅行经历以及这段经历是如何改变她的生活态度的。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“After a chance meeting with John O’Donohue, an Irish author of a book on Celtic spirituality, she finally decided to make her long-dreamed-of trip to Ireland — the first of four journeys to come.(在偶然结识爱尔兰凯尔特灵性书籍作家约翰・奥多诺休后，她终于决定开启梦寐以求的爱尔兰之旅，这也是四次行程中的第一次。)”可知，与一位爱尔兰作家的相遇促使她前往爱尔兰旅行。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Yet these mistakes often led to precious personal encounters with bed-and-breakfast hosts and locals she met along the way.(但这些走错路的意外，常常让她与民宿主人、当地居民产生珍贵的偶遇交往。)”可知，旅途中的失误让她收获了与当地人宝贵的人际交往。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Her final stay at an Irish writer’s home provides a perfect finale: the shy librarian had become a writer herself.(她最后住在一位爱尔兰作家家中，为旅程画上圆满句号：这位腼腆的图书管理员最终也成长为一名作家。)”以及第二段“Hartman gradually opened herself to relationships that enriched her travels.(哈特曼渐渐敞开心扉，接纳人际交往，丰富了旅途。)”可知，哈特曼原本内向，在旅行中变得更加开朗豁达。 4．推理判断题。通读五安稳，并根据首句“Diane Hartman’s travel memoir (回忆录), Getting Lost on My Way, tells the story of a woman who found a spiritual home.(黛安・哈特曼的旅行回忆录《Getting Lost on My Way》讲述了一位女性找寻精神归宿的故事。)”和最后一段“It really deserves a read.(这本书十分值得一读。)”可知，文章介绍书籍内容并作出评价，属于书评。 02（24-25高二下·贵州黔南·期中）My Wife Said You May Want to Marry Me (By Jason B．Rosenthal) Price: $15.99 (hardcover) Best-seller Index: ★★★☆☆ Release Date: May 15, 2019 In 2017, Amy Krouse Rosental passed away because of ovarian cancer. Before her death, she wrote a very touching article for The New York Times. In it, she strongly expressed her wish that her husband could find love again after she was gone. How to Pronounce Knife (By Souvankham Thammavongsa) Price: $12.95 (paperback) Best-seller Index: ★★★☆☆ Release Date: August 6, 2020 This is the title story of poet Thammavongsa’s first fiction collection. It’s about a young girl who can’t pronounce a difficult word. So, she asks her father for help. This interaction shows how powerful these strange yet sharp stories are. These stories also show a tough reality: they explore the limits of language and how those limits are related to privilege. Little Family (By Ishmael Beah) Price: $16.99 (hardcover) Best-seller Index: ★★★★☆ Release Date: March 1, 2021 The main characters in Beah’s novel are a “little family” made up of five young people. They’ve all experienced trauma and they live together in an abandoned airplane. Beah tells us how these young people struggle to survive. When facing challenges, how to keep the stability of their little family. The Knockout Queen (By Rufi Thorpe) Price: $14.99 (paperback) Best-seller Index: ★★★☆☆ Release Date: September 14, 2022 Thorpe’s third novel is about an unusual friendship. Bunny is a high school volleyball star, and Michael is a student who keeps his true self hidden and has done some things he’s not proud of. On the surface, they seem very different, but they bond over the pain they’ve experienced in their youth. 5．Which book is the most popular? A．My Wife Said You May Want to Marry Me. B．How to Pronounce Knife. C．Little Family. D．The Knockout Queen. 6．What do How to Pronounce Knife and The Knockout Queen have in common? A．They cost over $15. B．They are written by new authors. C．They are in paperback. D．They focus on stories of high school students. 7．Where is this passage most likely to be found? A．From a book review. B．From a biography. C．From a brochure. D．From a textbook. 【答案】5．C 6．C 7．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四本不同题材的书籍及其基本信息。 5．细节理解题。根据Little Family (By Ishmael Beah)部分中的“Best-seller Index: ★★★★☆(畅销指数：★★★★☆)”可知，其畅销指数为四星，其它书籍的畅销指数为：★★★☆☆，由此可知，Little Family是四本书中最高的，因此最受欢迎的书是Little Family。故选C项。 6．细节理解题。根据How to Pronounce Knife (By Souvankham Thammavongsa)部分中的“Price: $12.95 (paperback)(价格：12.95美元（平装本）)”和The Knockout Queen (By Rufi Thorpe)部分中的“Price: $14.99 (paperback)(价格：14.99美元（平装本）)”可知，这两本书均标注为 “平装本”，且价格分别为$12.95和$14.99（均低于 $15），因此，两书的共同点是均为平装本。故选C项。 7．推理判断题。文章以简洁的结构介绍每本书的标题、价格、畅销指数、出版日期及内容梗概，具有典型的书评（book review）特征，旨在向读者推荐书籍并提供简要评价，由此可知，这段文字最有可能在书评中找到。故选A项。 03（2024·广东深圳·一模）“Why does grandpa have ear hair?” Just a few years ago my child was so curious to know “why” and “how” that we had to cut off her questions five minutes before bedtime. Now a soon-to-be fourth grader, she says that she dislikes school because “it’s not fun to learn.” I am shocked. As a scientist and parent, I have done everything I can to promote a love of learning in my children. Where did I go wrong? My child’s experience is not unique. Developmental psychologist Susan Engel notes that curiosity defined as “spontaneous (自发的)” investigation and eagerness for new information-drops dramatically in children by the fourth grade. In Wonder: Childhood and the Lifelong Love of Science, Yale psychologist Frank C． Keil details the development of wonder — a spontaneous passion to explore, discover, and understand. He takes us on a journey from its early development, when wonder drives common sense and scientific reasoning, through the drop-off in wonder that often occurs, to the trap of life in a society that devalues wonder. As Keil notes, children are particularly rich in wonder while they are rapidly developing causal mechanisms (因果机制) in the preschool and early elementary school years. They are sensitive to the others’ knowledge and goals, and they expertly use their desire for questioning. Children’s questions, particularly those about “why” and “how” support the development of causal mechanisms which can be used to help their day-to-day reasoning. Unfortunately, as Keil notes, “adults greatly underestimate young children’s causal mechanisms.” In the book, Wonder, Keil shows that we can support children’s ongoing wonder by playing games with them as partners, encouraging question-asking, and focusing on their abilities to reason and conclude. A decline in wonder is not unavoidable. Keil reminds us that we can accept wonder as a desirable positive quality that exists in everyone. I value wonder deeply, and Wonder has given me hope by proposing a future for my children that will remain wonder-full. 8．What is a common problem among fourth graders? A．They upset their parents too often. B．They ask too many strange questions. C．Their love for fun disappears quickly. D．Their desire to learn declines sharply. 9．What can be inferred about children’s causal mechanisms in paragraph 4? A．They control children’s sensitivity. B．They slightly change in early childhood. C．They hardly support children’s reasoning. D．They develop through children’s questioning. 10．How can parents support children’s ongoing wonder according to Keil? A．By monitoring their games. B．By welcoming inquiring minds. C．By estimating their abilities. D．By providing reasonable conclusions. 11．What is the text? A．A book review. B．A news report. C．A research paper. D．A children’s story. 【答案】8．D 9．D 10．B 11．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是Wonder这本书的主要内容，这本书主要分析的是为什么孩子们对外界事物的好奇会在四年级时急剧减少。 8．推理判断题。根据第二段“Developmental psychologist Susan Engel notes that curiosity defined as “spontaneous (自发的)” investigation and eagerness for new information-drops dramatically in children by the fourth grade.(发展心理学家Susan Engel指出，到四年级时，被定义为“自发”调查的好奇心和对新信息的渴望会急剧下降。)”可知，四年级学生的常见问题是他们的学习欲望急剧下降。故选D。 9．推理判断题。根据第四段“Children’s questions, particularly those about “why” and “how” support the development of causal mechanisms which can be used to help their day-to-day reasoning.(孩子们的问题，特别是那些关于“为什么”和“如何”的问题，支持因果机制的发展，可以用来帮助他们的日常推理。)”可知，从第4段可以推断出儿童的因果机制是通过孩子们的提问发展起来的。故选D。 10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In the book, Wonder, Keil shows that we can support children’s ongoing wonder by playing games with them as partners, encouraging question-asking, and focusing on their abilities to reason and conclude.(在Wonder这本书中，Keil告诉我们，我们可以通过和孩子们一起玩游戏，鼓励他们提问，关注他们推理和总结的能力，来支持孩子们持续的惊奇。)”可知，根据Keil的说法，父母可以通过欢迎孩子们问问题来支持孩子们不断的惊奇，故选B。 11．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段“In the book, Wonder, Keil shows that we can support children’s ongoing wonder by playing games with them as partners, encouraging question-asking, and focusing on their abilities to reason and conclude.(在Wonder这本书中，Keil告诉我们，我们可以通过和孩子们一起玩游戏，鼓励他们提问，关注他们推理和总结的能力，来支持孩子们持续的惊奇。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是Wonder这本书的主要内容，因此这本书是书评，故选A。 04（22-23高三上·江苏南京·月考）Whether it is “arguing until blue in the face” or “feeling green with envy”, the English language is full of idioms linking color to emotion. Now for the first time, scientists have shown that people actually do change colors depending on their feelings. Although it is a small change to skin tone around the nose, eyebrows, cheeks or chin. The effects are picked up subconsciously (潜意识地) by observers, making it very hard to hide emotions. The scientists believe the changes of color are caused by blood flow channeled from the central nervous system depending on our state of mind. “We identified patterns of facial coloring that are unique to every emotion we studied,” said Doctor Alex Martinez, a cognitive scientist and professor at Ohio State University. “We believe these color patterns are due to small changes in blood flow or blood composition brought about by the central nervous system. We use them to correctly identify how other people are feeling whether we do it consciously (有意识地) or not.” For the study, the researchers first took hundreds of pictures of facial expressions and separated the images into different color channels that correspond to how human eyes see color—either in a red/green channel or blue/yellow. They then ran the images through computer analysis and found that emotions, such as “happy”, “sad”, “anger” or “dislike”, all formed unique color patterns. “Dislike”, for example, creates a blue-yellow cast around the lips, but with a red-green cast around the nose and forehead. Happiness is seen in red at the cheeks and a little blue around the chin, but the same face with a slightly redder forehead and slightly less blue chin registers as “surprised.” To test whether colors alone could convey emotions—without smiles, frowns (皱眉) to go along with them—the researchers then put together the different emotional color patterns on pictures of faces with neutral expressions. They found that volunteers were able to spot an emotion up to 75 percent of the time. The effect remained regardless of gender, races or overall skin tone. 12．The phrase “arguing until blue in the face” is used in Paragraph 1 to ________. A．explain a phenomenon B．introduce the topic C．support argument D．make comparisons 13．What directly causes patterns of facial coloring according to Doctor Alex Martinez? A．Delicate changes in blood. B．Every separate emotion. C．Central nervous system. D．Conscious self-identification. 14．What can be learned from the text? A．Colors alone could not convey emotions. B．Each emotion produces a unique color pattern. C．Observers have difficulty identifying people’s emotions. D．The emotion “dislike” just shows a blue-yellow cast around the lips. 15．What is the text? A．A news report. B．A book review. C．An educational speech. D．A research article. 【答案】12．B 13．A 14．B 15．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项研究发现，不论性别、种族或整体肤色每种情绪都会产生一种独特的颜色模式，这使得情绪难以隐藏。 12．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Now for the first time, scientists have shown that people actually do change colors depending on their feelings. Although it is a small change to skin tone around the nose, eyebrows, cheeks or chin. The effects are picked up subconsciously (潜意识地) by observers, making it very hard to hide emotions.(现在，科学家们第一次证明，人们确实会根据自己的感觉改变颜色。虽然这只是鼻子、眉毛、脸颊或下巴周围肤色的一个小变化。观察者会下意识地察觉到这些影响，因此很难隐藏情绪)”以及下文对研究过程和结果的介绍推知，第一段引用“arguing until blue in the face”是为了引入本文的话题——每种情绪都会产生一种独特的颜色模式。故选B。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段的““We believe these color patterns are due to small changes in blood flow or blood composition brought about by the central nervous system. (我们认为，这些颜色模式是由于中枢神经系统带来的血流或血液成分的微小变化)”可知，血流或血液成分的微小变化直接影响面部颜色模式的改变。故选A。 14．细节理解题。根据第三段的“They then ran the images through computer analysis and found that emotions, such as “happy”, “sad”, “anger” or “dislike”, all formed unique color patterns. (然后，他们用电脑对这些图像进行分析，发现“高兴”、“悲伤”、“愤怒”或“不喜欢”等情绪都形成了独特的颜色模式)”可知，每一种情绪都会产生一种独特的颜色模式。故选B。 15．推理判断题。通读全文并结合第一段的“Now for the first time, scientists have shown that people actually do change colors depending on their feelings. Although it is a small change to skin tone around the nose, eyebrows, cheeks or chin. The effects are picked up subconsciously (潜意识地) by observers, making it very hard to hide emotions.(现在，科学家们第一次证明，人们确实会根据自己的感觉改变颜色。虽然这只是鼻子、眉毛、脸颊或下巴周围肤色的一个小变化。观察者会下意识地察觉到这些影响，因此很难隐藏情绪)”可知，本文主要介绍研究发现每种情绪都会产生一种独特的颜色模式，这使得情绪难以隐藏。由此推知，这是一篇研究论文。故选D。 05（25-26高三上·江苏南京·月考）For most people, money still means physical cash printed by a sole(唯一的、专有的), public authority. Yet it may be short-lived, as cash gives way to the digitalization of finance and new means of payment may take over. The big change will have huge impacts on states, people and companies. Does it do more good than harm? Eswar Prasad, a senior professor of Trade Policy at Cornell University, says in his book Kill bills, the Future of Money, it depends on central banks — whether they can embrace change without losing control. He insists the end of cash — likely within a decade or two — is revolutionary. As for the trend that cash is declining, Mr Prasad explains that it is due to the fact that many people bank from laptops and make payments on their phones. Bitcoin and many other digital monies it has inspired bring about a more fundamental shift, which makes payments possible without the need for a trusted, central authority. However, banks remain dominant. Fearing this could do them out of a job, many central banks are beginning to catch up with the pace by developing their own digital currencies — CBDCs, which will upgrade the financial system. Mr Prasad says they are more efficient than cash for settling transactions(交易结算). They could also provide support to digital-payment systems managed by private firms. They could offer “unbanked” communities access to digital payments and other financial products. And they may make it easier to track illegal transactions. However, Mr Prasad fears CBDCs may be vulnerable(脆弱的) to hacking and bugs; they could kill private innovation and cause the instability they are meant to prohibit. The privacy of transactions will be lost. He also manages to make the financial system understandable and interesting. His patient description of how it works includes numbers of well-researched examples and personal anecdotes. 16．What’s NOT the cause of cash decline? A．Digital monies. B．Digitalization of finance. C．Financial system. D．New means of payment. 17．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Central banks. B．Bills. C．Companies. D．CBDCs. 18．What’s the benefit of digital currencies developed by central banks according to the text? A．They could keep private firms from innovating. B．People without bank accounts can buy and pay online. C．People can bank from laptops and make payments online. D．They make the financial system safe and understandable. 19．What type of writing is the text? A．A news report. B．A science report. C．A book review. D．A biography. 【答案】16．C 17．D 18．B 19．C 【导语】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要以《消灭纸币，货币的未来》这本书为核心话题，介绍了其主要内容——当前货币今后的发展的情况。 16．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“As for the trend that cash is declining, Mr Prasad explains that it is due to the fact that many people bank from laptops and make payments on their phones. Bitcoin and many other digital monies it has inspired bring about a more fundamental shift, which makes payments possible without the need for a trusted, central authority.(至于现金使用减少的趋势，Mr Prasad解释说，这是因为许多人用笔记本电脑进行银行业务，而用手机支付。比特币和它激发的许多其他数字货币带来了一个更根本的转变，它使支付成为可能，而不需要一个值得信任的中央权威机构。)”可知，现金使用减少是由于新的支付方式，数字货币和金融数字化。选项C“Financial system(金融体系)”并未提及。故选C。 17．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Fearing this could do them out of a job, many central banks are beginning to catch up with the pace by developing their own digital currencies — CBDCs, which will upgrade the financial system.(由于担心这可能会让它们失去工作，许多央行开始通过开发自己的数字货币来赶上这一步伐，这将升级金融体系。)”以及划线单词下文“They could also provide support to digital-payment systems managed by private firms. They could offer “unbanked” communities access to digital payments and other financial products. And they may make it easier to track illegal transactions.(他们还可以为私人公司管理的数字支付系统提供支持。它们可以为“没有银行账户”的社区提供使用数字支付和其他金融产品的渠道。而且它们可能会使追踪非法交易变得更容易。)”可知，they指的是上文提到的数字货币。故选D。 18．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“They could offer “unbanked” communities access to digital payments and other financial products.(它们可以为“没有银行账户”的社区提供使用数字支付和其他金融产品的渠道。)”可知，没有银行账户的人也可以在网上购物和支付。故选B。 19．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Eswar Prasad, a senior professor of Trade Policy at Cornell University, says in his book Kill bills, the Future of Money, it depends on central banks — whether they can embrace change without losing control. He insists the end of cash — likely within a decade or two — is revolutionary.(康奈尔大学贸易政策高级教授Eswar Prasad在他的著作《消灭纸币，货币的未来》中说，这取决于中央银行——它们能否在不失去控制的情况下接受变化。他坚称，现金的终结——可能在10年或20年内——是革命性的。)”以及下文对其书中观点的引用、介绍可推断，这是一篇书评。故选C。 07（25-26高三下·浙江·月考）Many people quote the phrase from Jane Jacobs that “there must be eyes on the street” to emphasize the relationship between urban safety and design. Jacobs’ views on urban safety were, in truth, far more complex than this phrase suggests. Her book The Death and Life of Great American Cities has become the basis of a worldwide movement to foster safer cities. Jacobs made an important contribution to our understanding of cities by linking the fear of crime and urban design. In a successful city district a person must feel personally safe on the street among all these strangers. It doesn’t take many incidents of violence on a city street to make people fear the street. And as they fear them, they use them less, which makes the streets still more unsafe. For Jacobs, eyes on the street came from stores and public places, including bars and restaurants along the sidewalks, street vendors and pedestrians. She recommended the installation of bright street lights to “sharpen every pair of eyes”. Jacobs widened her attention to urban safety in general, including parks and public housing projects. While most planners focus on the green benefits of parks, she argued against underused or dangerous parks. She observed that parks are successful when they encourage a range of activities and users. She emphasized design and management policies to encourage interaction at public housing sites. She suggest ed integrating public housing communities into existing street patterns and cultivating street activity by including businesses in the buildings. She opposed fencing and security guards, creating a sense of territory and isolating public housing residents from the wider community. Jacobs wrote about her experience of daily life in the city and urged planners to pay attention to how ordinary people actually use urban space. From her experience as a wife, mother, and resident in New York, she arrived at a more human vision of the city than the experts of the day did. Her concern about urban safety was visionary (有远见的), and her manner of looking at the city still offers a critical viewpoint for evaluating crime prevention and community safety strategies today. 20．Why does the writer mention the phrase quoted from Jane Jacobs in the first paragraph? A．To call readers’ attention to the phrase. B．To introduce Jane Jacobs’ book. C．To prove the popularity of Jane Jacobs’ book. D．To make the phrase better known. 21．According to Jacobs, what is a proper way to foster a successful city? A．Warning people of violence in streets. B．Encouraging different activities in parks. C．Employing security guards in the buildings. D．Introducing safety policies at public housing sites. 22．Where is the text probably from? A．A book review. B．A guidebook. C．An advertisement. D．A biography. 【答案】20．B 21．B 22．A 【导语】本文是一篇书评，介绍的是简·雅各布斯的《美国大城市的死亡与生命》一书。 20．推理判断题。根据第一段“Many people quote the phrase from Jane Jacobs that ‘there must be eyes on the street’ to emphasize the relationship between urban safety and design. ”（许多人引用简·雅各布斯的一句话“必须有眼睛盯着街道”，以强调城市安全与设计之间的关系）以及“Her book The Death and Life of Great American Cities has become the basis of a worldwide movement to foster safer cities.”（她的书《美国大城市的死亡与生命》已经成为全球倡导更安全城市运动的基础）可知，作者在第一段引用简·雅各布斯的那句话“必须有眼睛盯着街道”就是为了介绍她的《美国大城市的死亡与生命》一书，故选B。 21．细节理解题。根据第四段“She observed that parks are successful when they encourage a range of activities and users.”（她观察到，当公园鼓励一系列活动和使用者时，公园是成功的）可知，简·雅各布斯认为建设一座成功城市的正确方法是鼓励在公园里开展不同的活动，故选B。 22．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍的是简·雅各布斯的《美国大城市的死亡与生命》一书的主要内容以及作者的读后感，因此本文是一篇书评，故选A。 07（25-26高三上·河北邢台·月考）One weekend, I witnessed my cat Solomon attack his sister and throw up on my bed, right in front of my father. Yet, we forgave him, illustrating the psychological conflict typical of cat lovers. House cats are incredibly popular pets, but the reasons behind their domestication(驯化)remain unclear. Jerry D．Moore explores this in Cat Tales: A History, emphasizing not just the history but “how we learned to live with them.” The book offers a unique viewpoint on the evolving relationship between humans and cats. The story goes that as humans settled and stored grain, mice began eating our supplies, attracting African wild cats. This mutually beneficial arrangement allowed humans to protect their grain while cats enjoyed a free meal. However, Moore notes that true domestication is a recent development, emerging only in the last century as humans began selecting for particular looks or qualities. Moore argues mutualism offers a better perspective on our bond with cats. Yet, cats are unpredictable and not very friendly. Their mousing abilities are equalled or bettered by certain dogs. With remarkable self-confidence, cats seem to have simply moved themselves into comfortable spots in our homes— in simpler terms, they’ve domesticated themselves. Moore also stresses the prominence (突出地位) of big cats in ancient cave arts. You see, in those old cave paintings, big cats are often shown in a way that makes them stand out a lot. A 2018 study highlighted big cats as consistently attractive animals. Also, cats are excellent sailors, as the book mentions that they traveled with African and Arab sailors and later on European ships. While Moore’s writing shines at times, some sections lose focus, such as an early discussion on prehistoric humans’ tool use. This only connects later when Moore argues that describing ancient humans as skilled hunters led us to underestimate the role of cats as major killers influencing human evolution. According to Moore, the cat-human relationship is uniquely diverse: “Cats have been agents of terror and subjects of adoration.” Cat Tales may not offer groundbreaking information, but it provides a persuasive overview of historical insights and beautiful photography. 23．What does Jerry D．Moore emphasize in Cat Tales: A History? A．The role of big cats in ancient cave arts. B．The exact time when cats were first domesticated. C．How humans and cats learned to live with each other. D．Why certain dogs are better at catching mice than cats. 24．Why did African wild cats get close to humans? A．To find stored grain. B．To hunt available mice. C．To avoid other animals. D．To seek human protection. 25．What information can we get about cats from paragraph 4? A．Their domestication may be natural. B．They are less skilled than dogs. C．Their bond with human is friendly. D．They are more suitable as pets than dogs. 26．What is this text? A．A history text. B．A research report. C．A pet guide. D．A book review. 【答案】23．C 24．B 25．A 26．D 【导语】本文是一篇书评。文章介绍了Jerry D. Moore所写的书《猫的故事：一段历史》。该书探讨了家猫驯化原因，阐述人类与猫的关系演变，指出猫似乎是自我驯化的，还提及大型猫科动物在艺术中的地位等。 23．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Jerry D. Moore explores this in Cat Tales: A History, emphasizing not just the history but “how we learned to live with them.” The book offers a unique viewpoint on the evolving relationship between humans and cats.(Jerry D. Moore在《猫的故事：一段历史》一书中对此进行了探讨，他不仅讲述了历史，还强调了“我们是如何与它们共同生活的”。这本书从独特的视角展现了人类与猫之间关系的演变历程。)”可知， Jerry D. Moore在书中强调的不仅是历史，还有“我们如何学会与猫共处”。故选C。 24．细节理解题。根据第三段的“The story goes that as humans settled and stored grain, mice began eating our supplies, attracting African wild cats.(传说在人类定居并储存粮食之后，老鼠开始偷吃我们的粮食，从而引来了非洲野猫。)”可知，人类储存谷物吸引了老鼠，老鼠又吸引了非洲野猫，即野猫靠近人类是为了捕食可获得的老鼠。故选B。 25．推理判断题。根据第四段的“With remarkable self-confidence, cats seem to have simply moved themselves into comfortable spots in our homes— in simpler terms, they’ve domesticated themselves.(猫们似乎带着十足的自信，自然而然地就在我们的家中占据了舒适的“领地”——换句话说，它们已经“驯化”了自己，适应了人类的生活环境。)”可知，猫似乎是自我驯化的，也就是说驯化可能是自然发生的，故选A。 26．推理判断题。文章开篇通过讲述自家猫的经历引出话题，接着重点介绍了Jerry D. Moore所著的《Cat Tales: A History》这本书，阐述了书中关于人类与猫关系演变、猫的驯化等多方面的观点，还对书的写作优缺点进行了评价。综合来看，文章是对一本书的介绍和评价，属于书评。故选D。 08（25-26高三上·河北保定·期中）I had my appendix (阑尾) removed 30 years ago. While lying sick and weak in hospital, I comforted myself by thinking that the doctor had taken out something useless, not important. The medicine, I believed, was killing the bacteria that caused the problem. These thoughts helped me feel better. But as James Kinross explains in his book Dark matter: The New Science of the Microbiome, I was very wrong. Kinross is a surgeon at St Mary’s Hospital in London and an expert on the human microbiome — the huge and complex group of microbes (微生物) living in and on our bodies. Like many doctors, he once saw these microbes as harmful. But with more people getting diseases like allergies, autoimmune problems, and obesity, scientists began to study how changes in our microbiome might be connected. This book tells the story of how Kinross changed his thinking and now calls for a new approach. He starts by comparing the microbiome to “dark matter” in space — something that affects us greatly but is still not well understood. The microbiome, together with the human body, forms a “holobiont”, shaped by birth, our surroundings, and our immune system (免疫系统). Human’s defensive system doesn’t just fight disease — it also works with the microbiome. For example, the appendix is now seen as a place that stores good microbes. When this teamwork fails, health problems like allergies may happen. Next, Kinross explains how our lifestyle and environment affect the microbiome. Overusing medicines and losing stomach biodiversity, especially in developed countries, is worrying. Food matters a lot, but so do pollution, plastic, and climate change. Medicines also change the microbiome, meaning doctors must think carefully when treating patients. Finally, he discusses how our microbiome has changed over generations. Fixing this won’t be easy, though scientists are exploring ways to restore a healthier microbial balance in the future. For now, Kinross says we must protect our microbiome like protecting a rainforest on the earth — something we all must care for. 27．What do we know about James Kinross? A．He is a scientist researching space. B．He is an authority on human microbes. C．He conducted the operation for the author. D．He assumes the removed organ unimportant. 28．Why does Kinross compare microbes to dark matter in space? A．To illustrate their working principle. B．To highlight the complexity of the research. C．To appeal for teamwork on health problems. D．To indicate its important yet poorly understood nature. 29．What does Kinross recommend for maintaining microbiome health? A．Increase the use of medicine. B．Safeguarding it as something precious. C．Focusing on individual lifestyle changes. D．Investing in advanced scientific research. 30．What is the text? A．A book review. B．A health report. C．A research paper. D．An operating instruction. 【答案】27．B 28．D 29．B 30．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了James Kinross的著作Dark matter: The New Science of the Microbiome。作者从个人切除阑尾的经历切入，引起Kinross关于人体微生物组的新科学观点。 27．推理判断题。根据第二段“Kinross is a surgeon at St Mary’s Hospital in London and an expert on the human microbiome — the huge and complex group of microbes (微生物) living in and on our bodies. (金罗斯是伦敦圣玛丽医院的一名外科医生，也是人体微生物组方面的专家——人体微生物组指的是存在于人体内部及体表的庞大而复杂的微生物群落。)”可知，他是一位研究人类微生物的专家。故选B。 28．推理判断题。根据第三段“He starts by comparing the microbiome to “dark matter” in space — something that affects us greatly but is still not well understood. (他首先将微生物群落比作宇宙中的“暗物质”——这种物质对我们有着重大影响，但其本质仍不为人所完全理解。)”可知，金罗斯将微生物比作太空中的暗物质，以此来表明其重要性以及目前对其的了解程度之不足。故选D。 29．细节理解题。根据最后一段“For now, Kinross says we must protect our microbiome like protecting a rainforest on the earth — something we all must care for. (目前，金罗斯表示，我们必须像保护地球上的热带雨林那样保护我们的微生物群落——这关乎我们所有人都必须关注的事情。)”可知，金罗斯建议将微生物群视为珍贵之物加以保护。故选B。 30．推理判断题。根据第一段“These thoughts helped me feel better. But as James Kinross explains in his book Dark matter: The New Science of the Microbiome, I was very wrong. (这些想法让我感觉好了一些。但正如詹姆斯·金罗斯在其著作《暗物质：微生物组的新科学》中所阐述的那样，我完全错了。)”以及文章开篇引入个人经历，随后通篇围绕James Kinross的一本书“Dark matter: The New Science of the Microbiome”的核心观点、结构和主张进行介绍与评论，符合书评的特征。故选A。 09（25-26高三下·广东·月考）“Hello. You are you and I am I. We are people, also known as humans. This makes us different from most of the things on Earth.” This fairly straightforward observation is the opening page of Like, written by Annie Barrows. It establishes a somewhat odd yet matter-of-fact tone with a young boy addressing the reader. Matters get more unusual — or philosophical (哲学意义的), if you prefer — on the following chapter, which carefully thinks about the ways in which people are different from one specific thing on Earth, “We are not at all like tin cans. We are not shaped like tin cans. We cannot hold tomato sauce like tin cans. If you open up our lids, nothing good happens. We are not at all like tin cans.” The target audience will no doubt be amused, as was I, and perhaps reassured. Like next matches people with the swimming pools, “We are a little bit more like a swimming pool than a tin can. We have water and chemicals and dirt inside us. But unlike a swimming pool we don’t have people splashing around inside us.” Mushrooms, we learn, differ from tin cans and swimming pools by being alive, and by growing and reproducing — human traits, too! Mushrooms, however, don’t have mouths and brains. But wait: Hyenas (鬣狗) have all that. “They run around really fast, like we do ... But hyenas don’t say words. They don’t tell stories. They don’t get embarrassed, even when they’re caught eating something off the ground.” Where to go from there? “Look at all these people,” the text exclaims over the illustration full of people of seemingly every size, shape, color, age and means of mobility. “They are not exactly like us. But they are more like us than they are different.” “I am more like you than I am like most of the things on Earth,” the narrator concludes. “I’m glad. I’d rather be like you than a mushroom” — an appealing and unquestionable understanding. 31．How does the young boy speak to the reader in the beginning? A．He speaks in a humorous style. B．He argues in a philosophical way. C．He says in an odd and formal tone. D．He communicates in a direct manner. 32．According to the passage, which of the following is most like humans? A．Hyenas. B．Tin cans. C．Mushrooms. D．Swimming pools. 33．How is the idea mainly developed in Like? A．By listing facts. B．By making comparisons. C．By analyzing causes and effects. D．By presenting problems and solutions. 34．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．An animal encyclopedia. B．A book review. C．A philosophical textbook. D．A story collection. 【答案】31．D 32．A 33．B 34．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是对安妮·巴罗斯所写的Like这本书的评论。 31．细节理解题。根据第一段的句子““Hello. You are you and I am I. We are people, also known as humans. This makes us different from most of the things on Earth.” This fairly straightforward observation is the opening page of Like, written by Annie Barrows.(“你好。你是你，我是我，我们是人，也被称为人类。这使我们与地球上的大多数生物不同。”安妮·巴罗斯（Annie Barrows）在Like一书的开篇就提到了这一相当直白的评论。)”可知，在开头小男孩以直白的方式与读者交流。故选D项。 32．推理判断题。根据第三段“Like next matches people with the swimming pools, “We are a little bit more like a swimming pool than a tin can. We have water and chemicals and dirt inside us. But unlike a swimming pool we don’t have people splashing around inside us.” Mushrooms, we learn, differ from tin cans and swimming pools by being alive, and by growing and reproducing—human traits, too! Mushrooms, however, don’t have mouths and brains. But wait: Hyenas (鬣狗) have all that. “They run around really fast, like we do ... But hyenas don’t say words. They don’t tell stories. They don’t get embarrassed, even when they’re caught eating something off the ground.”(接着，Like将人们与游泳池相匹配，“我们更像一个游泳池而不是一个锡罐。我们体内有水、化学物质和污垢。但不像游泳池，我们不会有人在里面溅水。”我们了解到，蘑菇与锡罐和游泳池的不同之处在于它是有生命的，而且还能生长和繁殖——这也是人类的特征！然而，蘑菇没有嘴和大脑。但是等一下：鬣狗拥有所有这些。“它们跑得非常快，就像我们一样……但是鬣狗不会说话。他们不讲故事。即使被抓到吃地上的东西，它们也不会感到尴尬。”)”可知，鬣狗更像人类。故选A项。 33．推理判断题。根据第二段的句子“We are not at all like tin cans. We are not shaped like tin cans. We cannot hold tomato sauce like tin cans. If you open up our lids, nothing good happens. We are not at all like tin cans. (我们一点也不像锡罐。我们的形状不像锡罐。我们不能像装罐头一样装番茄酱。如果你打开我们的盖子，不会有什么好事发生。我们一点也不像锡罐。)”和第三段“Like next matches people with the swimming pools, “We are a little bit more like a swimming pool than a tin can. We have water and chemicals and dirt inside us. But unlike a swimming pool we don’t have people splashing around inside us.” Mushrooms, we learn, differ from tin cans and swimming pools by being alive, and by growing and reproducing—human traits, too! Mushrooms, however, don’t have mouths and brains. But wait: Hyenas (鬣狗) have all that. “They run around really fast, like we do ... But hyenas don’t say words. They don’t tell stories. They don’t get embarrassed, even when they’re caught eating something off the ground.”(接着，Like将人们与游泳池相比，“我们更像一个游泳池而不是一个锡罐。我们体内有水、化学物质和污垢。但不像游泳池，我们不会有人在里面溅水。”我们了解到，蘑菇与锡罐和游泳池的不同之处在于它是有生命的，而且还能生长和繁殖——这也是人类的特征！然而，蘑菇没有嘴和大脑。但是等一下：鬣狗拥有所有这些。“它们跑得非常快，就像我们一样……但是鬣狗不会说话。他们不讲故事。即使被抓到吃地上的东西，它们也不会感到尴尬。”)”可知，在Like这本书中，作者是将人与锡罐、蘑菇、游泳池和鬣狗相比较展开的。故选B项。 34．推理判断题。根据第一段““Hello. You are you and I am I. We are people, also known as humans. This makes us different from most of the things on Earth.” This fairly straightforward observation is the opening page of Like, written by Annie Barrows. It establishes a somewhat odd yet matter-of-fact tone with a young boy addressing the reader.(你好。你是你，我是我，我们是人，也被称为人类。这使我们与地球上的大多数生物不同。”安妮·巴罗斯在Like一书的开篇就提到了这一相当直白的观察。它建立了一种有点奇怪但实事求是的语气，一个小男孩向读者讲话。)”和第二段的句子“The target audience will no doubt be amused, as was I, and perhaps reassured.(目标受众无疑会像我一样被逗乐，或许还会感到放心。)”可以推论出，这段文字最有可能取自对Like这本书的评论。故选B项。 10（25-26高三上·河南·月考）The unfortunate thing about parenting books is that, in my experience, once you become a parent you are too time-poor and tired to read them. As a result, my bedside table is filled with parenting books of which I’ve read the first five pages a dozen times before passing out. If this sounds like you, the latest book by Melinda Wenner Moyer should be top of your list. Hello, Cruel World!: Science-based strategies for raising terrific kids in terrifying times is designed as a research-backed guide to help parents equip their children with the tools they need to succeed. The chapters of this book are short and readable, broken down into bite-sized sections, each giving you one piece of advice and the science to back it up. Moyer shows a lot of understanding and can help you take a kid’s-eye view on even their most annoying behaviors. How can we get children to be more open, fair-minded and willing to consider other viewpoints? One way is to encourage curiosity and uncertainty from a young age. Children, as we know, are like young scientists. “One of their most important jobs is to make sense of the world around them,” writes Moyer. This curiosity can often conflict with an adult’s desire to get things done. “When you ask your children to clean their room, then find them thirty minutes later studying an insect in the bathroom…it’s easy to dismiss their behavior as disobedience (不服从).” Their seemingly distracted (分心的) behavior is actually a natural part of their learning process. Parents should respond with empathy (同理心) and support rather than criticism. The book also addresses important issues like the impact of technology on children. Moyer challenges common misconceptions and provides practical advice on when and how to introduce mobile phones and social media to kids. Her insights help parents deal with these complex topics with a balanced and informed opinion. 35．Why do many parents fail to finish reading parenting books? A．They lack time and energy. B．They lose interest in reading. C．They find the books to be of poor quality. D．They prioritize practical tasks over reading. 36．What is the feature of Hello, Cruel World!? A．Theoretical. B．Science-backed. C．Complicated. D．Experience-based. 37．What should parents do when their children are studying an insect? A．Dismiss their behaviors. B．Correct their distraction. C．Encourage their curiosity. D．Ask them to follow instructions. 38．What is this text? A．A book review. B．A writing guide. C．A parenting paper. D．A science report. 【答案】35．A 36．B 37．C 38．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了Melinda Wenner Moyer的新书Hello, Cruel World!: Science-based strategies for raising terrific kids in terrifying times。 35．细节理解题。根据第一段“The unfortunate thing about parenting books is that, in my experience, once you become a parent you are too time-poor and tired to read them.(关于育儿书籍的不幸之处在于，根据我的经验，一旦你成为了父母，你就会因为时间太紧、太累而无法阅读它们)”可知，许多父母没有读完育儿书籍是因为他们缺乏时间和精力。故选A。 36．细节理解题。根据第二段“Hello, Cruel World!: Science-based strategies for raising terrific kids in terrifying times is designed as a research-backed guide to help parents equip their children with the tools they need to succeed.(Hello, Cruel World!: Science-based strategies for raising terrific kids in terrifying times是一本以科学研究为支撑的育儿指南，旨在帮助父母为孩子提供成功所需的工具)”可知，Hello, Cruel World!这本书的特点是以科学研究为支撑，故选B。 37．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Parents should respond with empathy (同理心) and support rather than criticism.(父母应该用同理心和支持来回应，而不是批评)”可知，当孩子在研究昆虫时，父母应该鼓励他们的好奇心。故选C。 38．推理判断题。根据第二段“If this sounds like you, the latest book by Melinda Wenner Moyer should be top of your list. Hello, Cruel World!: Science-based strategies for raising terrific kids in terrifying times is designed as a research-backed guide to help parents equip their children with the tools they need to succeed. The chapters of this book are short and readable, broken down into bite-sized sections, each giving you one piece of advice and the science to back it up. Moyer shows a lot of understanding and can help you take a kid’s-eye view on even their most annoying behaviors.(如果你也有同感，那么Melinda Wenner Moyer的新书应该成为你的首选。她的新书Hello, Cruel World!: Science-based strategies for raising terrific kids in terrifying times是一本以科学研究为支撑的育儿指南，旨在帮助父母为孩子提供成功所需的工具。这本书的章节简短易读，被拆分成一个个小版块，每个版块给出一条建议，并附上科学依据。莫耶非常善解人意，能让你从孩子的角度看待他们那些最令人恼火的行为)”可知，本文主要介绍了Melinda Wenner Moyer的新书Hello, Cruel World!: Science-based strategies for raising terrific kids in terrifying times，因此是一篇书评，故选A。 试卷第20页，共32页 试卷第1页，共39页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026高考英语考前十天冲刺宝典 专题25 阅读理解说明文态度推断题和经典书评题 原卷版 高考真题说明文考点解读 2022-2026高考考点细目（阅读理解说明文） 卷别 词数 主题 话题 典型题 2026浙江1月卷C 349+93 人与社会 人们难以识别虚假评价原因及对策 30推理判断题 2026浙江1月卷D 315+111 人与自然 AI辅助植物碳封存来增加碳储存量 35推理判断题 2025全国一卷D 331+135 人与自然 减少自来水中微塑料污染的新研究 32写作手法题 2024新课标I卷D 364+122 人与自然 引导公民们科学记录生物多样性 35建议推断题 2024浙江1月卷C 320+142 人与自然 人工降雨公司推出“冰雹计划”研究 28推理判断题 2024浙江1月卷D 338+149 人与社会 棉花糖测试抵制精神“垃圾食品”诱惑 35标题概括题 2023新课标I卷C 322+107 人与社会 倡导人们过数字极简主义生活方式 29猜测词义题 2023新课标I卷D 338+112 人与社会 介绍“群体智慧”效应的原理以及应用 31推理判断题 2023浙江1月卷C 314+132 人与社会 介绍在辩论中战胜人类的软件程序 27文章大意题 2023浙江1月卷D 318+149 人与自然 新型太阳能农场能够促进农业发展 35标题概括题 2022浙江6月卷B 306+105 人与自我 介绍世界各地“小森林”的兴起情况 25意图推断题 2022浙江6月卷C 302+144 人与自然 研究表明适度的工作会带来成果 29意图推断题 2022浙江1月卷B 354+112 人与自我 介绍一位自营宠物运输方面专家 22猜测词义题 2022浙江1月卷C 284+99 人与社会 讲述蒸汽时代和电力时代的联系 26文体推断题 阅读微技能：态度推断题 1.命题方式 设问方式以“What is….attitude toward …?”等引出问题，注意把握好询问当事人或者作者立场态度。 31. What is Ducke’s attitude toward the Saint Lukas’ services? (2024全国甲卷) 28. What is the author’s attitude toward Carnegie’s understanding of argument? (2024九省联考卷) 35. What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies? (2023新课标I卷) 2.题型解读 类别 高频词汇 乐观支持类 optimistic乐观的；positive肯定的；favorable 支持的，赞同的；supportive支持的；approving赞成的；appreciative感激的 客观中立类 objective客观的；neutral中立的；cautious谨慎的 消极反对类 negative否定的；opposite相反的；unfair公正的；doubtful怀疑的；indifferent漠不关心的；critical批评的；ironic讽刺的；skeptical质疑的；disappointed失望的；disapproving不赞同的；pessimistic悲观的；dismissive轻蔑的，不屑一顾的 模棱两可类 ambiguous模棱两可的；unclear不清楚的 3.解题步骤 第一：结合题干人物和内容定位原文出现在哪一（些）段；然后仔细比对该句言外之意； 第二：区分不同人物态度。注意区分试题询问的是作者的态度还是作者引用别人的态度； 第三：态度没有明确提出时，要学会根据作者在文章中所运用词汇的褒贬性去判断作者的态度，尤其是动词、形容词和副词，如wonderfully, successfully, unfortunately, doubtfully 等。 4. 跟踪训练 　(2024全国甲卷阅读C篇片段)… The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock(补给). Then it starts all over again the next month. Most stations wait about a year between visits. Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train’s equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. ” 31. What is Ducke’s attitude toward the Saint Lukas’ services? A. Appreciative. B. Doubtful C. Ambiguous. D. Cautious. 阅读微技能：经典书评题 1.书评写作特点 ①简明扼要地开始 在书评的开头，用简单而明了的语言介绍你将要谈论的书籍、作者和主题。你可以在这里提出你的观点，或者引用一些有关书籍的有趣或引人入胜的内容，以激发读者的兴趣。 例：《To Kill a Mockingbird》是 Harper Lee 的一部小说，讲述了一个在 20 世纪 30 年代南部小镇 Maycomb 的男孩 Scout Finch 的成长故事，也是一部对社会不公与种族歧视的深入探讨。 ②分析并阐释图书主题 在书评的核心部分，你可以分析小说的主题，并解释作者想要表达的观点。你可以用引用和实例来支持你的观点，并且对于书中的人物、情节、对话和其他元素，可以展开详细的解释。 例：在小说中，作者 Harper Lee 很好地表达了针对种族歧视与不平等现象的深入思考。她通过以 Scout 和她的家人为中心的故事，在书中不断地探讨这种现象对社会和个人带来的影响。例如，书中描述的一些场景以及托马斯·罗宾逊案件的发生，使得读者能够深入了解与种族歧视相关的问题，以及它们是如何影响当地社会的。 ③摘要和评价 在书评的最后，总结你的观点和评价，看这本书对你的感知有何影响。确保你的结论能够概括你对小说的总体印象，并且可以给读者一个清晰的看法。你可以谈论这本书的可读性、作者的写作风格和故事的深意等方面。 例：总的来说，我认为《To Kill a Mockingbird》是一本值得读的书。作者 Harper Lee 运用了一种深入的，生动的方式将其讲述，让读者深入到其故事中，并深入思考与社会不平等相关的问题。这本书提供了关于种族问题的真切叙述，以及有关社会和个人应如何对抗不公现象的深刻见解。 2.书评类阅读技巧 ①书评会涉及到书目中提到的人名、地名、机构等专有名词，学会去识别定位； ②书评会涉及书目内容、故事情节、人物性格、人物评价等，多用一般现在时； ③尾段多进行客观公正的评论或评价，可以是对书籍作者的写作手法，文中主人公的命运和性格特征的评论，也可以是自己阅读之后学到的道理。 3. 跟踪训练 （2022全国乙卷C篇）In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff’s granddaughter. Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken. They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice. In Wickenden’s book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls’ decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn. Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.” 24. Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains? A. To teach in a school. B. To study American history. C. To write a book. D. To do sightseeing. 25. What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3? A. They enjoyed much respect. B. They had a room with a bathtub. C. They lived with the local kids. D. They suffered severe hardships. 26. Which part of Wickenden’s writing is hair-raising? A. The extreme climate of Auburn. B. The living conditions in Elkhead. C. The railroad building in the Rockies. D. The natural beauty of the West. 27. What is the text? A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A children’s story. D. A diary entry. 清北生实战经验反馈区 一、阅读理解说明文细节理解题注意落实“定位原文”和“同义替换”技巧。 二、态度推断题注重“原文定位”和“观点区分”，弄清来龙去脉再判断。 三、重视说明文“倒三角形”结构，特别是首段和段首的独特引领作用。 四、标题概括题重视三性：概括性、简洁性和新颖性；同时联系首段和关键词。 五、说明文长难句落实“括号法”--（从句）（非谓语）（介词短语）（名词短语）。 七、满分策略：读题干→找原文→做标记→留痕迹→看选项→扣字眼。 第一部分：态度推断题专练10篇 01（2026·重庆渝中·二模）At Cheverton Lodge Care Home, festive jingling breaks out from 17-year-old Ted Mayer’s speaker and he launches into his Christmas set. A seasoned volunteer, he has been singing in care homes since he was six. Ted’s charm has won over many in the audience, particularly the older ladies. But it’s not for everyone. Jeanette Hodes, 92, offers an impatient “come on, get on with it,” and leans back in her chair. On a nearby trolley a cat’s cradle (翻花绳) has caught her eye. The string is quickly brought over to her. Soon enough she is transported to the playground of her youth, offering cheerfully-recalled anecdotes from when she learnt double dutch with friends as her mother could not afford to buy her a Sindy doll. Looking on fondly is Jill Fraser, 68, the founder of Kissing it Better (KiB), a charity working to reduce isolation in the elderly through intergenerational friendships. Fraser is making her way around the room with a trolley of assorted old treasures. A faded Beatrix Potter hardback, Jackie magazine and biography of Lord Mountbatten are piled on top of one another. Fraser’s team of volunteers prepared the items as recollection is thought to be a powerful tool for striking up much-needed conversation in the elderly. Anna Giannotti, 63, an art psychotherapist who is paid for a few hours a week by KiB, says, “Sometimes the elderly are hesitant to get involved, but often when they do get involved, they just become their complete selves. I feel very humbled. It could be any of us in the future.” The youngest volunteer of the day, Mariella Hafalla, 16, finds the frankness of the older generation refreshing. “I really enjoyed the session where we talked about what the residents did when they were younger,” she says. “I found out how people used to go outside all of the time but now we are all online so it has helped me realize the importance of going outside.” 1．What brings Jeanette Hodes back to her youth? A．Buying a Sindy doll. B．Learning double dutch. C．Listening to Ted’s songs. D．Playing with a cat’s cradle. 2．Why does Fraser go around the room with the trolley? A．To offer topics that may encourage interaction. B．To check whether the elderly can recall the past. C．To collect personal belongings from the residents. D．To show volunteers how to interact with old people. 3．What is Anna Giannotti’s attitude towards the elderly? A．Curious. B．Grateful. C．Empathetic. D．Protective. 4．Which phrase most closely reflects KiB’s approach? A．Activity over talk. B．Memory as a bridge. C．Service with a smile. D．Care through exercise. 02（2026·陕西延安·二模）The sky over Damascus was no longer blue; it had turned a heavy, choking grey, mirroring the dust that covered everything. It was early 2026, and the conflict, once distant rumors, had exploded into a fire that seemed to have no end. News spoke of missiles flying between Iran, Israel, and American bases in Syria, but for ten-year-old Amir, the war was not about countries or politics. It was about the silence that followed the explosions. Amir sat in the corner of the ruined basement, holding a small, broken radio. His father, a teacher who now spent his days digging for water, had told him to listen for the “all clear” signal. But the radio only produced static, a harsh sound like dry leaves crushing underfoot. Outside, the city was a maze of broken walls and fear. Neighbors who once shared bread now hid behind closed doors, terrified that a single mistake could bring the roof down. Suddenly, a soft knock came from the heavy iron door. Amir’s heart jumped. In this time of terror, a knock usually meant danger. His mother signaled him to stay quiet, her eyes wide with worry. But the knocking continued, gentle and rhythmic. Slowly, his father moved to the door and opened it just a crack. Standing there was David, a boy from the other side of the street. David’s family was from a different background, and in normal times, they rarely spoke. Today, David’s face was pale, and he held a small bag tightly. “My house is gone,” he whispered, his voice shaking. “The fire took it all. Can we... can we share your space?” The room fell silent. The war had taught them to trust no one. Borders were drawn not just on maps, but in people’s hearts. Yet, looking at the trembling boy, Amir’s father saw not an enemy, but a child just like his son. The anger that the news had planted in their minds began to melt away, replaced by a deeper, older truth. “We have little,” his father said softly, opening the door wide. “But we have enough to share.” As David stepped inside, the grey sky outside seemed less heavy. The war might continue to rage across the region, destroying cities and changing borders, but in that small, dark basement, something powerful had happened. Two families, divided by geography and fear, had chosen humanity over hate. It was a small victory, perhaps, but in the long night of war, even a single candle can guide the way home. 5．What does the “silence that followed the explosions” represent for Amir? A．The moment when the radio finally started working clearly. B．The peaceful time when neighbors came out to play together. C．The terrifying pause that made him realize the reality of the war. D．The signal that the American bases had stopped the fighting. 6．Why did Amir’s family feel hesitant when they heard the knock at the door? A．They thought it was the police coming to arrest them. B．They were afraid that the visitor might bring danger or trouble. C．They did not want to share their limited water with strangers. D．They believed the knocking was just a trick played by the radio. 7．What does the underlined word “trembling” in Paragraph 4 most likely mean? A．Shaking because of cold or fear. B．Moving quickly to run away. C．Speaking in a very loud voice. D．Smiling with great happiness. 8．What is the author’s attitude towards the relationship between the two families at the end of the story? A．Critical and disappointed. B．Doubtful and worried. C．Hopeful and appreciative. D．Indifferent and neutral. 03（2026·辽宁·模拟预测）They look like tiny monkeys peering out from the mist. Known to scientists as Dracula, the so-called monkey-face orchids (兰花) have become online celebrities. They’ve been called the pandas of the orchid world. But a new global assessment has, for the first time, revealed the conservation condition of all known Dracula orchids. Out of 133 species assessed, nearly seven in ten are threatened with extinction. They grow mainly in the Andean cloud forests of Colombia and Ecuador, some of the most biologically rich but also most endangered ecosystems on the planet. Their survival depends on cool, damp conditions at mid to high altitudes (海拔), where constant mist wraps the trees. Orchids have been prized for their flowers for hundreds of years, with European trade starting in the 19th century. Today, that enthusiasm continues, fueled by the Internet. Many enthusiasts and professional growers trade in artificially grown plants responsibly, but others still seek wild orchids, and Dracula species are no exception. In Ecuador’s north-western Andes, Dracula Reserve protects one of the world’s richest concentrations of these orchids. It’s home to at least ten Dracula species. But the threats are closing in. Deforestation for agriculture and illegal mining now endanger the reserve. Local conservationists, who manage the area, have described the situation as “urgent”, calling for immediate action. They believe strengthening community-based monitoring, supporting sustainable farming and developing eco - tourism to provide income from protecting, rather than clearing, the forest, are good choices. Local organizations are working with communities to protect the area. What they are doing is modest efforts compared with the challenges, but they show that solutions exist, if the world pays attention. There’s also an opportunity here to turn popularity into protection. The same Internet fame that fuels demand for these orchids could help fund their conservation. If posts about orchids included information about where they come from and how threatened they are, they could help avoid overcollection. Whether future generations will still find these faces in the forest, and not just in digital feeds, depends on how we act now. 9．What do we know about monkey-face orchids from paragraph 2? A．They have been under effective protection. B．They face more demand due to the Internet. C．They adapt to the local climate very quickly. D．They need to live in areas with rich biodiversity. 10．What is one of Dracula Reserve’s suggestions? A．Boosting the variety of orchids. B．Developing traditional agriculture. C．Rewarding the conservation of forests. D．Stopping eco-tourism around mining spots. 11．What is the author’s attitude to monkey-face orchids’ future? A．Unclear. B．Doubtful. C．Reserved. D．Optimistic. 12．What is the suitable title for the text? A．Gaining Fame for Monkey-Face Orchids B．Growing Monkey-Face Orchids in the Wild C．Preventing Monkey-Face Orchids’ Extinction D．Understanding Monkey-Face Orchids’ Habitats 04（2026·陕西西安·模拟预测）When engineers struggle to design a quieter high-speed train, they often look to the sky. Specifically, they look at the kingfisher, a bird that can dive into water with barely a splash. This approach is called biomimicry — innovation inspired by nature. It is based on the idea that after 3.8 billion years of evolution, nature has already solved many of the problems we face today. One of the most famous examples of biomimicry is the Japanese Shinkansen bullet train. Originally, the train created a loud sonic boom when exiting tunnels due to air pressure build-up. An engineer, who was also a bird-watcher, redesigned the train’s nose to mimic the long, sharp beak of the kingfisher. This change not only eliminated the noise but also made the train 10% faster and 15% more energy-efficient. Another fascinating application is in architecture. The Eastgate Centre in Zimbabwe uses a cooling system inspired by termite mounds. Termites maintain a constant temperature inside their mounds despite the fluctuating heat outside by opening and closing a series of heating and cooling vents. Similarly, the Eastgate Centre uses natural convection currents to regulate temperature, using 90% less energy than conventional buildings of the same size. Biomimicry is not just about copying shapes; it is about understanding the principles behind them. As we face global challenges like climate change and resource depletion, looking to nature for sustainable solutions is becoming more critical. From Velcro, which was inspired by burrs sticking to a dog’s fur, to wind turbine blades modeled after whale fins, nature proves to be the ultimate research and development laboratory. 13．Why does the author mention the kingfisher in Paragraph 1? A．To explain how birds catch fish in the water. B．To introduce the concept of biomimicry. C．To describe the habitat of the kingfisher. D．To compare birds with high-speed trains. 14．What was the result of redesigning the Shinkansen train? A．It became quieter and more efficient. B．It could carry more passengers. C．It became slower but safer. D．It eliminated the need for tunnels. 15．How does the Eastgate Centre save energy? A．By using solar panels on the roof. B．By copying the termite’s method of temperature control. C．By planting trees around the building. D．By using materials from termite mounds. 16．What is the author’s attitude towards biomimicry? A．Skeptical. B．Indifferent. C．Critical. D．Positive. 05（2026·云南玉溪·二模）Squeeze a toy too hard and it deforms; hold a water bottle too loosely and it falls. These struggles bother millions who have lost all or part of an arm or hand and rely on man-made hands — devices that can grasp objects but cannot feel. Now, engineers at Johns Hopkins University have developed a bionic (仿生) hand that feels what it’s touching and grasps like a human, carefully conforming and adjusting its grasp to avoid damaging or mishandling whatever it holds. The pioneering design marks a first for robotic hands, which have typically been too rigid or too soft to copy human touch. Such long-standing difficulties have limited the use of traditional artificial hands. “Our goal has been to create a more natural man-made hand that functions and feels like a real hand,” said lead researcher Sriramana Sankar. “We want people to hold their loved ones without worrying about hurting them.” The hand integrates soft materials with a rigid 3D-printed internal structure. Its three layers of touch sensors, inspired by human skin, allow it to detect shapes and textures. Each soft finger joint can be controlled using forearm muscles, while machine learning algorithms (算法) process the signals from the artificial touch sensors and turn them into nerve-like messages, which are delivered through electrical stimulation to the user’s nervous system, allowing the brain to perceive touch in real time. In this way, users can sense pressure and surface just as they would with a real hand. In lab tests, the hand identified and handled 15 everyday objects — from delicate stuffed toys to metal water bottles — with 99.69% accuracy. Most impressively, it picked up a thin plastic cup filled with water using just three fingers, without crushing (压扁) it. “While this technology is still an early breakthrough, future models could feature greater strength, additional sensors, and industrial-grade materials,” said project director Nitish Thakor. “Such technology isn’t just for use in next-generation bionic hands, but also for future robotic hands, which will need to handle fragile materials like glass and fabric, just as human hands do.” The influence may soon reach far beyond medical use alone. 17．What function do machine learning algorithms perform in the bionic hand? A．They detect the shapes and textures of objects. B．They deliver the messages to the nervous system. C．They handle touch signals and create sensory feedback. D．They control the movement of each finger joint directly. 18．Why does the author mention picking up a thin plastic cup filled with water? A．To compare the hand’s ability with that of a human hand. B．To prove the hand has stronger grasp than traditional ones. C．To suggest the hand is mainly designed for everyday tasks. D．To show the hand’s ability to apply precise pressure control. 19．What is Nitish Thakor’s attitude towards the future of the bionic hand technology? A．Cautiously optimistic. B．Highly doubtful. C．Somewhat disappointed. D．Extremely confident. 20．Which would be the best title for the text? A．A Bionic Breakthrough: The Hand That Feels. B．A New Man-made Hand: Never Dropping a Cup. C．A Robotic Innovation: Making Everyday Tasks Easier. D．A Pioneering Design: Copying Human Bones and Skin. 06（25-26高三下·浙江·开学考试）A surprising analysis of 15 studies reveals that patients perceive more warmth in AI-generated medical responses than in those from human doctors. The largest study examined 2,164 patient interactions, with similar patterns emerging across smaller datasets. The results, published in the British Medical Bulletin, challenge long-held assumptions about human connection in medicine and run counter to a 2019 UK government report that called empathy an “essential human skill that AI cannot replicate (复制).” ChatGPT and similar AI chatbots scored roughly 2 points higher than human healthcare professionals (HCPs) on 10-point empathy scales when responding to patient questions via text. AI had a 73% probability of being rated as more empathic than human practitioners in head-to-head comparisons. “In text-only scenarios, AI chatbots are frequently perceived as more empathic than human HCPs,” study authors wrote. The meta-analysis from the Universities of Nottingham and Leicester pooled data from 13 of the 15 studies comparing AI chatbots to doctors, nurses, and other healthcare workers. Studies drawing from Reddit health forums and patient portals showed similar trends. Questions ranged from interpreting blood test results to managing chronic conditions to understanding cancer treatment options. Across this variety, AI responses were more likely to be rated as warm, understanding, and considerate of patient concerns. The studies couldn’t determine whether AI’s perceived empathy advantage translates to better health outcomes. While empathic communication has been linked to reduced patient pain and anxiety, improved medication adherence, and higher satisfaction with care, these studies measured perception rather than clinical impact. The findings suggest that empathetic AI can provide valuable support in healthcare fields, thereby enhancing the roles these technologies can play in our everyday lives. While the results were strong, this study represents a broad perspective and does not account for differences in socio-cultural backgrounds among participants. Cultural differences can greatly influence how empathy is perceived and assessed. Future work could look closely at how people from different backgrounds view empathetic responses in both humans and AI to enhance understanding in this area. 21．What is the main finding of the analysis? A．Empathy is a unique human skill beyond AI’s reach. B．Patients find AI’s medical replies more sympathetic. C．AI provides more effective treatment plans than humans. D．AI shows greater competence in routine patient inquiries. 22．What’s the primary purpose of paragraph 2? A．To present research evidence. B．To explain underlying causes. C．To predict future developments. D．To describe relevant background. 23．What can be implied from paragraph 3? A．AI’s empathy is irrelevant to patient satisfaction. B．AI’s empathy may not improve actual clinical outcomes. C．AI’s assistance is widely applied across different patient groups. D．AI’s empathy can directly lead to better health conditions of patients. 24．What is the author’s attitude towards the studies? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Critical. D．Objective. 07（2026·安徽合肥·一模）For years, media headlines have described a serious situation regarding bee populations. They frequently warn that a global decline in bee species is just around the corner. But is it as straightforward as it appears? In fact, bee numbers tell a tale of two trends. In the United States, bee populations have encountered significant obstacles in recent decades. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) , since the 1960s the number of honeybee colonies in the United States has dropped significantly from around 5.5 million to approximately 2.5 million. In contrast to the declines observed in the West, some Asian countries have experienced stable or even growing bee populations. Several factors contribute to this positive trend: diverse natural landscapes, mild climates, and the expansion of commercial beekeeping. For instance, China — the world’s largest honey producer — has significantly expanded its managed honeybee populations to meet growing global demand, which helps make up for declines in wild bee populations. The idea of a global bee population collapse may not fully reflect the complexity of the situation. While some regions are experiencing alarming losses, others are seeing increases, demonstrating that active and effective measures can lead to positive outcomes. Regions facing declines can stabilize and even restore their bee populations by carrying out stronger conservation policies and sustainable farming practices. Key measures include the use of health-boosting treatments to strengthen bees’ immunity against pests and diseases, and the protection of diverse floral habitats to ensure a continuous and abundant food supply throughout the year. Meanwhile, countries experiencing population growth must remain alert to emerging threats to safeguard their long-term ecological progress and stability. Bees play a vital role in global food security and biodiversity. Their future depends on our collective ability to adapt, innovate, and protect their habitats. Instead of focusing only on declines, we should also learn from and follow the success stories of growing bee populations around the world. 25．What is the author’s attitude toward media reports on bee population? A．Fully supportive. B．Cautiously balanced. C．Highly defensive. D．Openly dismissive. 26．What has led to the growth of bee populations in some Asian countries? A．The diverse and growing number of wild bee populations. B．The development of new technology in the beekeeping industry. C．The favorable environment and the growing beekeeping industry. D．The rising global demand for wild bee honey and its by-products. 27．What can be inferred about the efforts to address bee population decline? A．Current measures have limited impact. B．Scientific creativity plays a leading role. C．Economic growth worsens ecological problems. D．Targeted actions help turn around negative trends. 28．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A．To give a detailed report on changes in bee populations. B．To raise a warning about the collapse of bee populations. C．To clarify trends in bee populations and suggest solutions. D．To outline the problems in beekeeping and analyze the causes. 08（2026·浙江台州·二模）Have you ever found someone copying your gestures or facial expressions during a conversation? This is the Chameleon (变色龙) Effect, the nonconscious mimicry (模仿) of others’ behaviors. Just like a chameleon integrates into its environment, people unconsciously mimic others’ gestures, mannerisms or accents to build connections and smooth interactions, which is a common yet easily overlooked human trait. Psychologists John Bargh and Tanya Chartrand proved the Chameleon Effect in a 1999 experiment. They asked 78 participants to talk with experimenters during a personality test. To avoid conscious mimicry, researchers used photos as a distraction during conversations. The results showed participants unconsciously increased face touching by 20% and foot movement by 50% to match the experimenters. Another part found people who were mimicked rated the experimenters more positively, showing mimicry boosts likability. The Chameleon Effect stems from two main reasons. It is rooted in human empathy — people mimic others to share feelings and build emotional bonds. It also evolved as a survival trait: fitting in with a group helps people gain support and avoid danger. In daily life, this explains why couples or close friends gradually adopt similar speech habits or gestures. This effect also appears in speech and social settings. People may unconsciously pick up others’ accents or phrases after long interactions. For example, a football player once accidentally used a French accent during an interview after living in France for months, a typical display of the effect. However, excessive mimicry may make people lose their sense of self. Such over-mimicry can lead to confusion about one’s true personality. Overall, the Chameleon Effect is a positive social tool that promotes connection and empathy. It helps reduce social tension and build trust between people. While it helps people integrate into groups, balancing mimicry with self-identity is crucial to avoiding losing oneself in social interactions. With this awareness, people can use the effect wisely while preserving their own uniqueness. 29．Which of the following is an example of the “Chameleon Effect”? A．A girl copies her deskmate’s movements. B．A driver follows a policeman’s directions. C．An applicant learns the judge’s expressions by heart. D．An assistant practices a foreigner’s tones on purpose. 30．What can be inferred about the “Chameleon Effect” from paragraph 2? A．Personality changes with conscious mimicry. B．Likability increases mimicry in conversations. C．People mimic others to gain group acceptance. D．Mimicry arouses shared feelings between couples. 31．What is the downside of excessive mimicry? A．The loss of self-identity. B．An end to true connection. C．The failure of mutual trust. D．A decrease in social tension. 32．What is the author’s attitude towards the “Chameleon Effect”? A．Doubtful. B．Critical. C．Dismissive. D．Cautious. 09（2026·广东汕头·二模）In the high-mountain grasslands of eastern California, a gray owl (猫头鹰) rests beside a road within Yosemite National Park. He is focused on his prey across the road. As he takes off, flying just inches over the pavement, a car speeds by, narrowly missing him. Many owls are not as fortunate. Since 2003, 23 individuals — over 11% of the present population — have been killed by vehicles. These small, genetically unique owls struggle to survive. Park biologist Heather Mackey says they’re a signature species of Yosemite. Therefore, Yosemite partnered with the Institute for Bird Populations to conduct a study on owl activities from 2022 to 2024. The first step was the hardest: capturing the owls to attach trackers. The team finally fitted six owls with specially designed lightweight GPS backpacks. By downloading GPS signals monthly, Dustin Garrison, National Park Service biologist as well as the primary field technician on the study, and his colleagues gained precise data on the owls’ habitat use and hunting patterns. Owls depend on Yosemite’s wet, open grasslands surrounded by old-growth forest and rich in the birds’ favored prey. But these habitats are increasingly at risk. More alarmingly, owls seemed to favor dangerous roadsides for hunting. “The study revealed a high concentration of owl territories along roadsides,” notes biologist Ramiro Aragon. “It might be that roads cut through areas owls use. So it’s hard to say if they’re attracted to roads or actually just caught in between.” Data also shows owl activity overlaps (重叠) with traffic peaks. They were most active after sunset and between 4 and 6 a.m., while public entry without reservation is allowed before 6 a.m. “We can use the data to regulate the timing so we’re not creating an artificial push of traffic right around peak hours of owl activity,” Mackey says. Researchers also propose other protective measures, including reducing speed limits along key roads, and modifying roadside vegetation to make it less attractive. “There are two ways to approach changes,” Garrison notes. “You either modify human behavior, or you modify wildlife behavior.” 33．Why does the author describe the scene in Paragraph 1? A．To show how fortunate the owl is. B．To predict the outcome of the owl. C．To present how natural the park is. D．To illustrate the problem the owls face. 34．What was the most challenging part of the study? A．Putting trackers on owls. B．Observing owls at night. C．Making lighter backpacks. D．Analyzing the GPS data. 35．What is Ramiro’s attitude to owls’ preference for roadside hunting? A．Concerned. B．Subjective. C．Supportive. D．Critical. 36．What suggestion is proposed to solve the overlap between owl activity and traffic peaks? A．Limit road speed. B．Set public entry limitation. C．Change roadside plants. D．Adjust reservation schedule. 10（2026·广东湛江·二模）High school students are on the point of entering a very different job market from previous generations. Tech and economic experts mostly agree that AI will change many jobs and may make some disappear completely. And basic jobs are likely to be influenced early in this change. Although employment is still rather high among all groups, it has dropped a little for 20-to 24-year-olds recently. Dario Amodei, CEO of a tech company, believes that AI could take away as many as half of all simple white-collar (白领的) jobs within the next few years, though other people in the tech industry expect smaller changes. Finding a job in computer science — a field that until recently was seen as a great way to get a well-paid and steady job — has already become much more competitive, as AI does more of that work, thus narrowing down the job chances. Meanwhile, high schools are trying their best to decide how to teach students about AI and whether students should be allowed to use it in their studies. Many students are using it whether they are allowed to or not. A 2024 Pew Research Center study shows that half of US teens said they had used ChatGPT to do their homework. All this is changing how some young people plan for college and their jobs. Some are choosing to work in practical fields like healthcare that seem more reliable, while others are learning how to use AI in their future jobs. If you ask people working in tech, they will probably tell you that learning to use AI is the best way for high school students to prepare for a successful and long-term job. “AI may not take your job, but someone who has AI skills will take it instead,” said Colette Stallbaumer, general manager of Microsoft 365 Copilot. With this opinion, she asks students to think carefully: “Are you using AI to try new ideas? To make an app? Are you even using it as a study tool?” 37．What are high school students facing? A．A sudden economic depression. B．A distinct employment situation. C．A new job market full of chances. D．A dramatic change in labor work. 38．Why are jobs in computer science more competitive? A．They decrease in number. B．They demand higher skills. C．They attract fewer learners. D．They become less well-paid. 39．What can be inferred about US teens? A．They tend to choose AI in practical domains. B．They are allowed to adopt AI in their exams. C．Their plans for their future are free of AI use. D．Their reliance on AI can shape their options. 40．What is Colette Stallbaumer’s attitude to students’ AI use? A．Critical. B．Objective. C．Supportive. D．Disapproving. 第二部分：经典书评题专练10篇 01（25-26高三下·河南·阶段检测）Diane Hartman’s travel memoir (回忆录), Getting Lost on My Way, tells the story of a woman who found a spiritual home. A children’s librarian, Hartman first discovered her connection with Ireland through music and books. After a chance meeting with John O’Donohue, an Irish author of a book on Celtic spirituality, she finally decided to make her long-dreamed-of trip to Ireland — the first of four journeys to come. What makes this memoir refreshing is Hartman’s willingness to hug the unexpected. Driving around the country without phone maps or email, she frequently made mistakes — going the wrong way. Yet these mistakes often led to precious personal encounters with bed-and-breakfast hosts and locals she met along the way. Hartman gradually opened herself to relationships that enriched her travels. The book is filled with references to Irish music and musicians — Luka Bloom, the Waterboys, and the Saw Doctors — that awoke the country’s cultural landscape. Hartman’s journey includes appearances of a poetry publisher, with most of their talks in mild Irish dialect (方言). Alongside descriptions of green hills and fairy forests, she shares encounters with dogs, sheep and donkeys that add warmth to her memoir. Through her four trips, Hartman’s connection with Ireland deepened. She found herself outgrowing a relationship back home — a sign of emotional growth. The book addresses heavy topics like depression but maintains a positive and lighthearted tone. One clue follows her love of singer Luka Bloom — showing a willingness to take risks. Her final stay at an Irish writer’s home provides a perfect finale: the shy librarian had become a writer herself. Getting Lost on My Way celebrates what happens when a traveler challenges herself and goes down unfamiliar paths — both on the road and within. It really deserves a read. 1．What inspired Diane Hartman to make her trip to Ireland? A．Her respect for the Celtics. B．Her desire to start a new life. C．Her dream of living in Ireland. D．Her encounter with an Irish author. 2．How did Hartman’s mistakes affect her travel experience? A．They forced her to use phone maps. B．They made her reevaluate her choice. C．They cost her a lot of time and energy. D．They resulted in valuable connections with locals. 3．What can we learn about Hartman from the text? A．She travels to escape problems. B．She prefers to travel with careful plans. C．She is reserved but grows more open through traveling. D．She is outgoing and makes international friends easily. 4．What is the text? A．A short novel. B．A news report. C．A book review. D．A research paper. 02（24-25高二下·贵州黔南·期中）My Wife Said You May Want to Marry Me (By Jason B．Rosenthal) Price: $15.99 (hardcover) Best-seller Index: ★★★☆☆ Release Date: May 15, 2019 In 2017, Amy Krouse Rosental passed away because of ovarian cancer. Before her death, she wrote a very touching article for The New York Times. In it, she strongly expressed her wish that her husband could find love again after she was gone. How to Pronounce Knife (By Souvankham Thammavongsa) Price: $12.95 (paperback) Best-seller Index: ★★★☆☆ Release Date: August 6, 2020 This is the title story of poet Thammavongsa’s first fiction collection. It’s about a young girl who can’t pronounce a difficult word. So, she asks her father for help. This interaction shows how powerful these strange yet sharp stories are. These stories also show a tough reality: they explore the limits of language and how those limits are related to privilege. Little Family (By Ishmael Beah) Price: $16.99 (hardcover) Best-seller Index: ★★★★☆ Release Date: March 1, 2021 The main characters in Beah’s novel are a “little family” made up of five young people. They’ve all experienced trauma and they live together in an abandoned airplane. Beah tells us how these young people struggle to survive. When facing challenges, how to keep the stability of their little family. The Knockout Queen (By Rufi Thorpe) Price: $14.99 (paperback) Best-seller Index: ★★★☆☆ Release Date: September 14, 2022 Thorpe’s third novel is about an unusual friendship. Bunny is a high school volleyball star, and Michael is a student who keeps his true self hidden and has done some things he’s not proud of. On the surface, they seem very different, but they bond over the pain they’ve experienced in their youth. 5．Which book is the most popular? A．My Wife Said You May Want to Marry Me. B．How to Pronounce Knife. C．Little Family. D．The Knockout Queen. 6．What do How to Pronounce Knife and The Knockout Queen have in common? A．They cost over $15. B．They are written by new authors. C．They are in paperback. D．They focus on stories of high school students. 7．Where is this passage most likely to be found? A．From a book review. B．From a biography. C．From a brochure. D．From a textbook. 03（2024·广东深圳·一模）“Why does grandpa have ear hair?” Just a few years ago my child was so curious to know “why” and “how” that we had to cut off her questions five minutes before bedtime. Now a soon-to-be fourth grader, she says that she dislikes school because “it’s not fun to learn.” I am shocked. As a scientist and parent, I have done everything I can to promote a love of learning in my children. Where did I go wrong? My child’s experience is not unique. Developmental psychologist Susan Engel notes that curiosity defined as “spontaneous (自发的)” investigation and eagerness for new information-drops dramatically in children by the fourth grade. In Wonder: Childhood and the Lifelong Love of Science, Yale psychologist Frank C． Keil details the development of wonder — a spontaneous passion to explore, discover, and understand. He takes us on a journey from its early development, when wonder drives common sense and scientific reasoning, through the drop-off in wonder that often occurs, to the trap of life in a society that devalues wonder. As Keil notes, children are particularly rich in wonder while they are rapidly developing causal mechanisms (因果机制) in the preschool and early elementary school years. They are sensitive to the others’ knowledge and goals, and they expertly use their desire for questioning. Children’s questions, particularly those about “why” and “how” support the development of causal mechanisms which can be used to help their day-to-day reasoning. Unfortunately, as Keil notes, “adults greatly underestimate young children’s causal mechanisms.” In the book, Wonder, Keil shows that we can support children’s ongoing wonder by playing games with them as partners, encouraging question-asking, and focusing on their abilities to reason and conclude. A decline in wonder is not unavoidable. Keil reminds us that we can accept wonder as a desirable positive quality that exists in everyone. I value wonder deeply, and Wonder has given me hope by proposing a future for my children that will remain wonder-full. 8．What is a common problem among fourth graders? A．They upset their parents too often. B．They ask too many strange questions. C．Their love for fun disappears quickly. D．Their desire to learn declines sharply. 9．What can be inferred about children’s causal mechanisms in paragraph 4? A．They control children’s sensitivity. B．They slightly change in early childhood. C．They hardly support children’s reasoning. D．They develop through children’s questioning. 10．How can parents support children’s ongoing wonder according to Keil? A．By monitoring their games. B．By welcoming inquiring minds. C．By estimating their abilities. D．By providing reasonable conclusions. 11．What is the text? A．A book review. B．A news report. C．A research paper. D．A children’s story. 04（22-23高三上·江苏南京·月考）Whether it is “arguing until blue in the face” or “feeling green with envy”, the English language is full of idioms linking color to emotion. Now for the first time, scientists have shown that people actually do change colors depending on their feelings. Although it is a small change to skin tone around the nose, eyebrows, cheeks or chin. The effects are picked up subconsciously (潜意识地) by observers, making it very hard to hide emotions. The scientists believe the changes of color are caused by blood flow channeled from the central nervous system depending on our state of mind. “We identified patterns of facial coloring that are unique to every emotion we studied,” said Doctor Alex Martinez, a cognitive scientist and professor at Ohio State University. “We believe these color patterns are due to small changes in blood flow or blood composition brought about by the central nervous system. We use them to correctly identify how other people are feeling whether we do it consciously (有意识地) or not.” For the study, the researchers first took hundreds of pictures of facial expressions and separated the images into different color channels that correspond to how human eyes see color—either in a red/green channel or blue/yellow. They then ran the images through computer analysis and found that emotions, such as “happy”, “sad”, “anger” or “dislike”, all formed unique color patterns. “Dislike”, for example, creates a blue-yellow cast around the lips, but with a red-green cast around the nose and forehead. Happiness is seen in red at the cheeks and a little blue around the chin, but the same face with a slightly redder forehead and slightly less blue chin registers as “surprised.” To test whether colors alone could convey emotions—without smiles, frowns (皱眉) to go along with them—the researchers then put together the different emotional color patterns on pictures of faces with neutral expressions. They found that volunteers were able to spot an emotion up to 75 percent of the time. The effect remained regardless of gender, races or overall skin tone. 12．The phrase “arguing until blue in the face” is used in Paragraph 1 to ________. A．explain a phenomenon B．introduce the topic C．support argument D．make comparisons 13．What directly causes patterns of facial coloring according to Doctor Alex Martinez? A．Delicate changes in blood. B．Every separate emotion. C．Central nervous system. D．Conscious self-identification. 14．What can be learned from the text? A．Colors alone could not convey emotions. B．Each emotion produces a unique color pattern. C．Observers have difficulty identifying people’s emotions. D．The emotion “dislike” just shows a blue-yellow cast around the lips. 15．What is the text? A．A news report. B．A book review. C．An educational speech. D．A research article. 05（25-26高三上·江苏南京·月考）For most people, money still means physical cash printed by a sole(唯一的、专有的), public authority. Yet it may be short-lived, as cash gives way to the digitalization of finance and new means of payment may take over. The big change will have huge impacts on states, people and companies. Does it do more good than harm? Eswar Prasad, a senior professor of Trade Policy at Cornell University, says in his book Kill bills, the Future of Money, it depends on central banks — whether they can embrace change without losing control. He insists the end of cash — likely within a decade or two — is revolutionary. As for the trend that cash is declining, Mr Prasad explains that it is due to the fact that many people bank from laptops and make payments on their phones. Bitcoin and many other digital monies it has inspired bring about a more fundamental shift, which makes payments possible without the need for a trusted, central authority. However, banks remain dominant. Fearing this could do them out of a job, many central banks are beginning to catch up with the pace by developing their own digital currencies — CBDCs, which will upgrade the financial system. Mr Prasad says they are more efficient than cash for settling transactions(交易结算). They could also provide support to digital-payment systems managed by private firms. They could offer “unbanked” communities access to digital payments and other financial products. And they may make it easier to track illegal transactions. However, Mr Prasad fears CBDCs may be vulnerable(脆弱的) to hacking and bugs; they could kill private innovation and cause the instability they are meant to prohibit. The privacy of transactions will be lost. He also manages to make the financial system understandable and interesting. His patient description of how it works includes numbers of well-researched examples and personal anecdotes. 16．What’s NOT the cause of cash decline? A．Digital monies. B．Digitalization of finance. C．Financial system. D．New means of payment. 17．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Central banks. B．Bills. C．Companies. D．CBDCs. 18．What’s the benefit of digital currencies developed by central banks according to the text? A．They could keep private firms from innovating. B．People without bank accounts can buy and pay online. C．People can bank from laptops and make payments online. D．They make the financial system safe and understandable. 19．What type of writing is the text? A．A news report. B．A science report. C．A book review. D．A biography. 07（25-26高三下·浙江·月考）Many people quote the phrase from Jane Jacobs that “there must be eyes on the street” to emphasize the relationship between urban safety and design. Jacobs’ views on urban safety were, in truth, far more complex than this phrase suggests. Her book The Death and Life of Great American Cities has become the basis of a worldwide movement to foster safer cities. Jacobs made an important contribution to our understanding of cities by linking the fear of crime and urban design. In a successful city district a person must feel personally safe on the street among all these strangers. It doesn’t take many incidents of violence on a city street to make people fear the street. And as they fear them, they use them less, which makes the streets still more unsafe. For Jacobs, eyes on the street came from stores and public places, including bars and restaurants along the sidewalks, street vendors and pedestrians. She recommended the installation of bright street lights to “sharpen every pair of eyes”. Jacobs widened her attention to urban safety in general, including parks and public housing projects. While most planners focus on the green benefits of parks, she argued against underused or dangerous parks. She observed that parks are successful when they encourage a range of activities and users. She emphasized design and management policies to encourage interaction at public housing sites. She suggest ed integrating public housing communities into existing street patterns and cultivating street activity by including businesses in the buildings. She opposed fencing and security guards, creating a sense of territory and isolating public housing residents from the wider community. Jacobs wrote about her experience of daily life in the city and urged planners to pay attention to how ordinary people actually use urban space. From her experience as a wife, mother, and resident in New York, she arrived at a more human vision of the city than the experts of the day did. Her concern about urban safety was visionary (有远见的), and her manner of looking at the city still offers a critical viewpoint for evaluating crime prevention and community safety strategies today. 20．Why does the writer mention the phrase quoted from Jane Jacobs in the first paragraph? A．To call readers’ attention to the phrase. B．To introduce Jane Jacobs’ book. C．To prove the popularity of Jane Jacobs’ book. D．To make the phrase better known. 21．According to Jacobs, what is a proper way to foster a successful city? A．Warning people of violence in streets. B．Encouraging different activities in parks. C．Employing security guards in the buildings. D．Introducing safety policies at public housing sites. 22．Where is the text probably from? A．A book review. B．A guidebook. C．An advertisement. D．A biography. 07（25-26高三上·河北邢台·月考）One weekend, I witnessed my cat Solomon attack his sister and throw up on my bed, right in front of my father. Yet, we forgave him, illustrating the psychological conflict typical of cat lovers. House cats are incredibly popular pets, but the reasons behind their domestication(驯化)remain unclear. Jerry D．Moore explores this in Cat Tales: A History, emphasizing not just the history but “how we learned to live with them.” The book offers a unique viewpoint on the evolving relationship between humans and cats. The story goes that as humans settled and stored grain, mice began eating our supplies, attracting African wild cats. This mutually beneficial arrangement allowed humans to protect their grain while cats enjoyed a free meal. However, Moore notes that true domestication is a recent development, emerging only in the last century as humans began selecting for particular looks or qualities. Moore argues mutualism offers a better perspective on our bond with cats. Yet, cats are unpredictable and not very friendly. Their mousing abilities are equalled or bettered by certain dogs. With remarkable self-confidence, cats seem to have simply moved themselves into comfortable spots in our homes— in simpler terms, they’ve domesticated themselves. Moore also stresses the prominence (突出地位) of big cats in ancient cave arts. You see, in those old cave paintings, big cats are often shown in a way that makes them stand out a lot. A 2018 study highlighted big cats as consistently attractive animals. Also, cats are excellent sailors, as the book mentions that they traveled with African and Arab sailors and later on European ships. While Moore’s writing shines at times, some sections lose focus, such as an early discussion on prehistoric humans’ tool use. This only connects later when Moore argues that describing ancient humans as skilled hunters led us to underestimate the role of cats as major killers influencing human evolution. According to Moore, the cat-human relationship is uniquely diverse: “Cats have been agents of terror and subjects of adoration.” Cat Tales may not offer groundbreaking information, but it provides a persuasive overview of historical insights and beautiful photography. 23．What does Jerry D．Moore emphasize in Cat Tales: A History? A．The role of big cats in ancient cave arts. B．The exact time when cats were first domesticated. C．How humans and cats learned to live with each other. D．Why certain dogs are better at catching mice than cats. 24．Why did African wild cats get close to humans? A．To find stored grain. B．To hunt available mice. C．To avoid other animals. D．To seek human protection. 25．What information can we get about cats from paragraph 4? A．Their domestication may be natural. B．They are less skilled than dogs. C．Their bond with human is friendly. D．They are more suitable as pets than dogs. 26．What is this text? A．A history text. B．A research report. C．A pet guide. D．A book review. 08（25-26高三上·河北保定·期中）I had my appendix (阑尾) removed 30 years ago. While lying sick and weak in hospital, I comforted myself by thinking that the doctor had taken out something useless, not important. The medicine, I believed, was killing the bacteria that caused the problem. These thoughts helped me feel better. But as James Kinross explains in his book Dark matter: The New Science of the Microbiome, I was very wrong. Kinross is a surgeon at St Mary’s Hospital in London and an expert on the human microbiome — the huge and complex group of microbes (微生物) living in and on our bodies. Like many doctors, he once saw these microbes as harmful. But with more people getting diseases like allergies, autoimmune problems, and obesity, scientists began to study how changes in our microbiome might be connected. This book tells the story of how Kinross changed his thinking and now calls for a new approach. He starts by comparing the microbiome to “dark matter” in space — something that affects us greatly but is still not well understood. The microbiome, together with the human body, forms a “holobiont”, shaped by birth, our surroundings, and our immune system (免疫系统). Human’s defensive system doesn’t just fight disease — it also works with the microbiome. For example, the appendix is now seen as a place that stores good microbes. When this teamwork fails, health problems like allergies may happen. Next, Kinross explains how our lifestyle and environment affect the microbiome. Overusing medicines and losing stomach biodiversity, especially in developed countries, is worrying. Food matters a lot, but so do pollution, plastic, and climate change. Medicines also change the microbiome, meaning doctors must think carefully when treating patients. Finally, he discusses how our microbiome has changed over generations. Fixing this won’t be easy, though scientists are exploring ways to restore a healthier microbial balance in the future. For now, Kinross says we must protect our microbiome like protecting a rainforest on the earth — something we all must care for. 27．What do we know about James Kinross? A．He is a scientist researching space. B．He is an authority on human microbes. C．He conducted the operation for the author. D．He assumes the removed organ unimportant. 28．Why does Kinross compare microbes to dark matter in space? A．To illustrate their working principle. B．To highlight the complexity of the research. C．To appeal for teamwork on health problems. D．To indicate its important yet poorly understood nature. 29．What does Kinross recommend for maintaining microbiome health? A．Increase the use of medicine. B．Safeguarding it as something precious. C．Focusing on individual lifestyle changes. D．Investing in advanced scientific research. 30．What is the text? A．A book review. B．A health report. C．A research paper. D．An operating instruction. 09（25-26高三下·广东·月考）“Hello. You are you and I am I. We are people, also known as humans. This makes us different from most of the things on Earth.” This fairly straightforward observation is the opening page of Like, written by Annie Barrows. It establishes a somewhat odd yet matter-of-fact tone with a young boy addressing the reader. Matters get more unusual — or philosophical (哲学意义的), if you prefer — on the following chapter, which carefully thinks about the ways in which people are different from one specific thing on Earth, “We are not at all like tin cans. We are not shaped like tin cans. We cannot hold tomato sauce like tin cans. If you open up our lids, nothing good happens. We are not at all like tin cans.” The target audience will no doubt be amused, as was I, and perhaps reassured. Like next matches people with the swimming pools, “We are a little bit more like a swimming pool than a tin can. We have water and chemicals and dirt inside us. But unlike a swimming pool we don’t have people splashing around inside us.” Mushrooms, we learn, differ from tin cans and swimming pools by being alive, and by growing and reproducing — human traits, too! Mushrooms, however, don’t have mouths and brains. But wait: Hyenas (鬣狗) have all that. “They run around really fast, like we do ... But hyenas don’t say words. They don’t tell stories. They don’t get embarrassed, even when they’re caught eating something off the ground.” Where to go from there? “Look at all these people,” the text exclaims over the illustration full of people of seemingly every size, shape, color, age and means of mobility. “They are not exactly like us. But they are more like us than they are different.” “I am more like you than I am like most of the things on Earth,” the narrator concludes. “I’m glad. I’d rather be like you than a mushroom” — an appealing and unquestionable understanding. 31．How does the young boy speak to the reader in the beginning? A．He speaks in a humorous style. B．He argues in a philosophical way. C．He says in an odd and formal tone. D．He communicates in a direct manner. 32．According to the passage, which of the following is most like humans? A．Hyenas. B．Tin cans. C．Mushrooms. D．Swimming pools. 33．How is the idea mainly developed in Like? A．By listing facts. B．By making comparisons. C．By analyzing causes and effects. D．By presenting problems and solutions. 34．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．An animal encyclopedia. B．A book review. C．A philosophical textbook. D．A story collection. 10（25-26高三上·河南·月考）The unfortunate thing about parenting books is that, in my experience, once you become a parent you are too time-poor and tired to read them. As a result, my bedside table is filled with parenting books of which I’ve read the first five pages a dozen times before passing out. If this sounds like you, the latest book by Melinda Wenner Moyer should be top of your list. Hello, Cruel World!: Science-based strategies for raising terrific kids in terrifying times is designed as a research-backed guide to help parents equip their children with the tools they need to succeed. The chapters of this book are short and readable, broken down into bite-sized sections, each giving you one piece of advice and the science to back it up. Moyer shows a lot of understanding and can help you take a kid’s-eye view on even their most annoying behaviors. How can we get children to be more open, fair-minded and willing to consider other viewpoints? One way is to encourage curiosity and uncertainty from a young age. Children, as we know, are like young scientists. “One of their most important jobs is to make sense of the world around them,” writes Moyer. This curiosity can often conflict with an adult’s desire to get things done. “When you ask your children to clean their room, then find them thirty minutes later studying an insect in the bathroom…it’s easy to dismiss their behavior as disobedience (不服从).” Their seemingly distracted (分心的) behavior is actually a natural part of their learning process. Parents should respond with empathy (同理心) and support rather than criticism. The book also addresses important issues like the impact of technology on children. Moyer challenges common misconceptions and provides practical advice on when and how to introduce mobile phones and social media to kids. Her insights help parents deal with these complex topics with a balanced and informed opinion. 35．Why do many parents fail to finish reading parenting books? A．They lack time and energy. B．They lose interest in reading. C．They find the books to be of poor quality. D．They prioritize practical tasks over reading. 36．What is the feature of Hello, Cruel World!? A．Theoretical. B．Science-backed. C．Complicated. D．Experience-based. 37．What should parents do when their children are studying an insect? A．Dismiss their behaviors. B．Correct their distraction. C．Encourage their curiosity. D．Ask them to follow instructions. 38．What is this text? A．A book review. B．A writing guide. C．A parenting paper. D．A science report. 试卷第20页，共32页 试卷第24页，共25页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $