Unit 5 课时5 Developing ideas(Reading for writing)（分层作业）英语新教材外研版八年级下册

Unit 5 Looking into nature 课时5 Developing ideas(Reading for writing)分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 endless/ˈendləs/adj. 无数的；无限的 sight/saɪt/n. 视力，视觉 anybody /ˈenibɒdi/pron. 任何人 magnifier /ˈmæɡnɪfaɪə/n. 放大镜 wealth/welθ/n. 财富 hardly /ˈhɑːdli/adv. 几乎不 belong/bɪˈlɒŋ/v. 应在 (某处) granddaughter /ˈɡrændɔːtə/n. 孙女；外孙女 短语 all the way自始至终 be born出生 carry out进行,执行 fall ill生病 lose sight 失明 at the age of 在......岁时 carry on with sth 继续某事 think about 考虑 belong to属于 in fact事实上 be quiet about 不声张 have no idea 不知道 pass away 辞世 say goodbye 道别 listen to 听 词形变化 end v/n. 结束-endless adj. 无数的 wealth n. 财富-wealthy adj. 富有的 一、单词默写。 ______ /ˈendləs/adj. 无数的；无限的 ______ /saɪt/n. 视力，视觉 ______ /ˈenibɒdi/pron. 任何人 ______ /ˈmæɡnɪfaɪə/n. 放大镜 ______ /welθ/n. 财富 ______ /ˈhɑːdli/adv. 几乎不 ______ /bɪˈlɒŋ/v. 应在 (某处) ______ /ˈɡrændɔːtə/n. 孙女；外孙女 二、词组默写。 __________ 自始至终 __________ 出生 __________ 进行，执行 __________ 生病 __________ 失明 __________ 在...... 岁时 __________ 继续某事 __________ 考虑 __________ 属于 __________ 事实上 __________ 不声张 __________ 不知道 __________ 辞世 __________ 道别 __________ 听 一、完形填空 Do you know that a tree can talk and exchange news? It sounds strange, but it’s true that some trees can also 1 with each other. Of course, 2 tree moves lips (唇) and says words just as people do. Willow trees (柳树) are the best-known of these trees. When insects (昆虫) begin 3 a willow tree, the tree gives out a special smell at once. This smell acts like a 4 message to nearby trees. The other willow trees make a 5 in their leaves. It is bad for the insects. The insects taste the bitter thing and 6 stop eating. Soon, they 7 to find other plants. In this way, the willow trees 8 themselves and their neighbours. 9 willow trees aren’t the only ones that can “talk”. Some other plants, like corn and beans, also send signals when they are 10 . An unseen conversation never stops all around us. Nature is full of amazing secrets, and this is just one of them! 1．A．play B．grow C．fight D．communicate 2．A．no B．any C．none D．every 3．A．eating B．planting C．watering D．watching 4．A．happy B．warning C．friendly D．loud 5．A．chemical B．method C．flower D．grass 6．A．slowly B．finally C．carefully D．quickly 7．A．jump away B．give away C．take away D．fly away 8．A．raise B．build C．protect D．change 9．A．So B．Or C．But D．And 10．A．in fact B．in danger C．in public D．in person 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．D 8．C 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了柳树等植物之间能够通过特殊的方式进行交流，以抵御昆虫的侵害，并强调了自然界中充满了令人惊奇的秘密。 1．句意：这听起来很奇怪，但有些树木确实也能互相交流。 play玩；grow生长；fight打架；communicate交流。根据下文“Willow trees (柳树) are the best-known of these trees. When insects (昆虫) begin…a willow tree, the tree gives out a special smell at once.”可知，此处指有些树可以相互交流。故选D。 2．句意：当然，没有一棵树会像人一样动嘴唇说话。 no没有；any任何；none没有一个；every每一个。根据“…tree moves lips (唇) and says words just as people do.”可知，此处指没有一棵树会像人一样动嘴唇说话，no符合语境。故选A。 3．句意：当昆虫开始吃柳树时，柳树会立刻散发出一种特殊的气味。 eating吃；planting种植；watering浇水；watching观看。根据下文“The insects taste the bitter thing and…stop eating.”可知，此处指昆虫吃柳树。故选A。 4．句意：这种气味对附近的树来说就像是一个警告信息。 happy开心的；warning警告的；friendly友好的；loud大声的。根据下文“The other willow trees make a…in their leaves. It is bad for the insects.”可知，这种气味对附近的树来说是一个警告信息。故选B。 5．句意：其他的柳树会在它们的叶子里产生一种化学物质。 chemical化学物质；method方法；flower花；grass草。根据下文“It is bad for the insects.”可知，此处指其他的柳树会在它们的叶子里产生一种对昆虫有害的化学物质。故选A。 6．句意：昆虫尝到苦味后，很快停止进食。 slowly慢慢地；finally最终；carefully仔细地；quickly快速地。根据“The insects taste the bitter thing”可知，昆虫尝到苦味后，会快速停止进食。故选D。 7．句意：很快，它们飞走去寻找其他植物。 jump away跳走；give away赠送；take away带走；fly away飞走。根据“to find other plants”可知，昆虫会飞走去寻找其他植物。故选D。 8．句意：通过这种方式，柳树保护自己和邻居。 raise提高；build建造；protect保护；change改变。根据上文“The insects taste the bitter thing and…stop eating. Soon, they…to find other plants.”可知，此处指柳树保护自己和邻居。故选C。 9．句意：但是柳树并不是唯一能“说话”的树。 So因此；Or或者；But但是；And和。根据“…willow trees aren’t the only ones that can ‘talk’.”可知，此处与上文为转折关系，应用but连接。故选C。 10．句意：一些其他植物，如玉米和豆类，在处于危险时也会发出信号。 in fact事实上；in danger处于危险中；in public公开地；in person亲自。根据“Some other plants, like corn and beans, also send signals when they are…”可知，此处指一些其他植物在处于危险时也会发出信号。故选B。 二、短文填空 短文填空（根据上下文和首字母提示） Professor Wang Wencai e 1 China’s plants with great passion for over 70 years. He d 2 1,370 new plant species. He fell ill while doing field work, lost his right eye, but never s 3 his work. He c 4 on with his research for another 10 years. He didn’t care about w 5 or fame. To him, the National Science Award b 6 to his achievements, but he was always q 7 about them. He p 8 away at the age of 96, but his spirit of lifelong exploration and love of nature lives on. 【答案】1．explored/xplored 2．discovered/iscovered 3．stopped/topped 4．carried/arried 5．wealth/ealth 6．belonged/elonged 7．quiet/uiet 8．passed/assed 【导语】本文介绍了王文采教授70多年来以极大热情研究中国植物，虽因野外工作失去右眼但从未停止研究，淡泊名利，其精神永存。 1．句意：王文采教授怀着极大的热情研究中国植物长达70多年。描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。动词表示“探索，研究”，首字母e提示填explored。 2．句意：他发现了1370个新植物物种。描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。动词表示“发现”，首字母d提示填discovered。 3．句意：他在野外工作时生病，失去了右眼，但从未停止工作。never后接动词原形或过去式，此处为一般过去时否定结构。动词表示“停止”，首字母s提示填stopped。 4．句意：他继续研究了又一个10年。“carry on with”为固定短语，意为“继续”。描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，首字母c提示填carried。 5．句意：他不在乎财富或名声。名词与“fame (名利)” 并列，表示“财富”，首字母w提示填wealth。 6．句意：对他来说，国家科学奖属于他的成就，但他总是对此很谦虚。“belong to”为固定短语，意为“属于”。描述过去的状态，用一般过去时，首字母b提示填belonged。 7．句意：……但他总是对此很谦虚。“be quiet about sth.”意为“对……保持沉默，低调”，此处引申为“不张扬、谦虚”。首字母q提示填quiet。 8．句意：他在96岁时去世，但他终身探索的精神和对自然的热爱永存。“pass away”意为“去世”。描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，首字母p提示填passed。 三、阅读理解 A ① Can plants talk? Modern research has found something amazing: They do communicate with each other. ② It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other. This happens when a plant gets attacked by insects. The plant gives out chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten. When another plant gets the chemicals, it starts to give out its own, different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. Others attract the wasps (吸引黄蜂)! The wasps kill the insects that are eating the plants. Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system, so that we can use it to grow more crops. ③ More surprisingly, plants also use sounds to communicate. People can’t hear these sounds, but plants are making them. Some plants make noises with their roots. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water. ④ Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication. The system can link (连接) nearly every plant in a forest. Scientists call this system the “wood wide web”. It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food with each other. However, it may lead to bad effects. Plants may use it to steal food from each other, or spread chemicals to attack other plants. Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a “firewall” to help avoid these attacks within the wood wide web. Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other. Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to “talk” with them ourselves. 1．What will plants do when they are attacked by insects? A．They will kill the insects by themselves. B．They will make the wasps kill the insects. C．They will send out signals to drive insects away. D．They will produce chemicals as a warning or a call for help. 2．What is the writer’s purpose of the last paragraph? A．To give people hope for further studies. B．To praise (表扬) scientists for their great achievements. C．To call on people to protect the plants on earth. D．To encourage people to communicate with plants. 3．Which is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The secret language of plants B．The study on the plant warning system C．The plants that give warnings D．The reason why scientists do research on plants 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了植物之间通过化学物质、声音和“林下网络”进行交流的科学研究发现。 1．第二段指出植物受昆虫攻击时的反应：“The plant gives out chemicals from the leaves...Some of these chemicals drive insects away. Others attract the wasps! The wasps kill the insects”，说明植物会释放化学物质作为警告或求助信号。 2．最后一段指出：“Scientists are learning more every day...Maybe one day we will know enough...to be able to ‘talk’ with them ourselves.”，说明作者对进一步研究抱有希望。 3．文章结构为：第一段引出话题，第二、三、四段分别介绍三种交流方式，第五段总结展望，符合“总—分—总”结构，对应B项。 4．全文围绕植物之间的交流方式展开，介绍了化学信号、声音和“林下网络”，因此“植物的秘密语言”是最佳标题。 B The Chihuahuan Desert in West Texas is larger than any other desert in North America. The winters there are cool and summers are very hot. This area is also home to a mysterious phenomenon (现象) called the Marfa Lights. The Marfa Lights are bright lights that appear in the night sky all of a sudden and then fly to faraway places and disappear. They are about the size of basketballs and are often described as white, blue, yellow, red, or other colours. The lights sometimes even get close to people’s houses. One woman who lived on a farm told the story of what she experienced one night. She was in bed and suddenly she saw the lights shining through her bedroom window. She watched them change colour for a few minutes. Finally, they went away. Pilots who used to train in the desert in the 1940s also reported that they once saw these mysterious lights. What causes this phenomenon? People have different opinions on this. A popular interpretation is the lights might have something to do with headlights from cars on the road nearby. Scientific research also suggests that some of the lights are caused by the refraction (折射) of light between layers (层) of air that have different temperatures. However, not all of them can be explained so easily. Anyway, people will continue to study the lights to find out where they come from. No matter what these lights really are, they are as mysterious today as when they first appeared. But it is certain that the mystery behind them will be solved one day. 1．Which of the following is TRUE about the Marfa Lights? A．They move slowly. B．They only have three colours. C．They appear in the late afternoon. D．They are about the size of basketballs. 2．What does the underlined word “interpretation” mean? A．Explanation. B．Suggestion. C．Dialog. D．Purpose. 3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．People know the cause of the Marfa Lights. B．The Marfa Lights come from cars on the road nearby. C．The Marfa Lights are caused by the refraction. D．No one has been able to explain the cause of the Marfa Lights so far. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Experiences of the Marfa Lights B．Causes of the Marfa Lights C．Mystery of the Marfa Lights D．Study of the Marfa Lights 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了美国德克萨斯州西部的奇瓦瓦沙漠中神秘的马尔法之光现象，以及人们对其成因的探索。 1．细节理解题。根据“The Marfa Lights are bright lights that appear in the night sky all of a sudden and then fly to faraway places and disappear. They are about the size of basketballs and are often described as white, blue, yellow, red, or other colours.”可知，马尔法之光的大小和篮球差不多。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“What causes this phenomenon? People have different opinions on this. A popular interpretation is the lights might have something to do with headlights from cars on the road nearby.”可知，这里是对现象成因的一种解释，“interpretation”的意思是“解释、说明”。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。根据“What causes this phenomenon? People have different opinions on this... However, not all of them can be explained so easily.”可知，第三段主要说明目前还没有人能完全解释马尔法之光的成因。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。根据全文内容，文章围绕马尔法之光的神秘现象、目击描述和成因推测展开，核心是其神秘性。故选C。 四、七选五 Rainforests are forests that get a lot of rain. They have a rainfall of more than 2.54 cm per day! There are tropical (热带) rainforests all over the world. 1 They are very warm. The Amazon rainforest is in South America. It is the biggest rainforest in the world. More than half of the rainforest is in Brazil. 2 Many plants and animals live in the Amazon rainforest. There are more kinds of plants and animals there than anywhere else in the world. The biggest mix of plants and animals lives in the canopy. 3 The canopy keeps off most of the sunlight. The rainforest floor is very dark. 4 There are more than 400 different native tribes (土著部落)! Native people used to stay in the rainforest. They found food and built homes there. They made medicine from plants. Now they sometimes leave. They go into nearby towns to sell food. Still, they live in their own ways. Today, the Amazon rainforest is faced with the problem of deforestation. This means that too many trees are cut down by humans and that 5 What can we do to protect the rainforest and the wildlife there? A．People live in the Amazon rainforest, too. B．The canopy is a thick coat of trees. C．They are found near the equator (赤道). D．The rest spreads across eight other countries. E．They have found some wildlife near the equator. F．it brings harmful results to the wildlife in the Amazon rainforest. G．it makes more space for the animals in the Amazon to live in the rainforest. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．F 【导语】本文介绍了热带雨林的基本特点，重点描述了亚马逊雨林的地理分布、丰富的生物多样性、原住民的生活方式以及当前面临的森林砍伐问题。 1．前文提到“世界各地都有热带雨林”，后文说“它们非常温暖”，此处应说明原因。C项“They are found near the equator.”解释了为什么它们很温暖，符合逻辑。 2．前文提到“超过一半的雨林在巴西”，此处应说明其余部分的分布情况。D项“The rest spreads across eight other countries.”与前文形成补充，完整描述了亚马逊雨林的地理分布。 3．本段讲亚马逊雨林的动植物，前文提到“最多的动植物混合生活在林冠层”，后文说“林冠层阻挡了大部分阳光”，此处应说明林冠层是什么。B项“The canopy is a thick coat of trees.”解释了林冠层的概念，符合逻辑。 4．本段讲亚马逊雨林的原住民，后文提到“有400多个不同的土著部落”，此处需要一个过渡句。A项“People live in the Amazon rainforest, too.”作为本段的主题句，概括了后文的内容，符合逻辑。 5．本段讲亚马逊雨林面临森林砍伐问题，前文提到“太多的树被人类砍伐”，后文问“我们能做些什么来保护雨林和野生动物？”，此处应说明砍伐给野生动物带来了有害后果。F项“it brings harmful results to the wildlife in the Amazon rainforest.”与前后文逻辑一致，点明了问题的严重性。 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 五、任务型阅读 What does it mean to be human? For centuries, people thought humans were above nature, not part of it. They believed only humans could make and use tools, and only we could communicate meaningfully. This idea remained unchallenged until Jane Goodall came along. In 1957, 23-year-old Goodall had taught herself much about animals and dreamed of working with them. Three years later, with anthropologist (人类学家) Louis Leakey’s help, she went to Africa’s Gombe forest. There, she did what no researcher had done: instead of numbering chimpanzees (黑猩猩), she named them, seeing each as unique (独特的). She watched them closely for hours daily. Soon, Goodall made surprising discoveries. A male chimp named David Greybeard broke a grass stem (梗) to catch insects, and others also used tools—once thought a human-only skill. She found chimps had rich communication and their own personalities: some kind, some tough, many both. These made people rethink humanity and drew other scientists to study apes. “Reading her books led me to the jungle,” said expert Catherine Crockford. But Goodall didn’t stop at research. Forests disappeared fast, and hunters killed or hunted apes for trade and research. She knew studying wasn’t enough to protect them, so she traveled the world until late in life, sharing her story to make change. In 1991, she started Roots & Shoots. Today, this youth program runs in over 60 countries, with millions of students trying to improve the world for humans, animals and our shared environment. Goodall is gone, but her voice lives on. As our planet warms and animals face danger, her message matters more than ever. Remember: every day, you affect this planet. Think about how you act toward people, animals and the environment. Thousands of you will make a huge difference. 1．What did people believe before Jane Goodall’s research? ______________________________________________________ 2．How did Jane Goodall treat each chimpanzee while studying them? ______________________________________________________ 3．How did Goodall feel after she found chimps could use tools? ______________________________________________________ 4．What does the sentence “Goodall is gone, but her voice lives on” mean? (请自拟作答) ______________________________________________________ 5．What can you learn from Jane Goodall? (请自拟作答) ______________________________________________________ 【答案】1．They believed only humans could make and use tools, and only we could communicate meaningfully. 2．She named them, seeing each as unique. (She watched them closely for hours daily.) 3．She felt surprised. / Surprised. 4．Although Goodall passed away, her spirit /story /action still influences us. / We should learn from her. 5．We should protect nature / animals. / Her work encourages me to make a difference every day for people, animals, and the environment. / I learn that everyone, even young people, can help change the world for the better... (Any reasonable answer can be accepted.) 【导语】本文主要讲述了珍・古道尔的研究发现与环保行动，她打破了人类对自身的传统认知，并用一生推动动物保护与环境事业。 1．第二段直接给出了人们在古道尔研究前的观点：认为只有人类能制造和使用工具、进行有意义的交流，答案为原文直接信息。 2．第三段明确指出古道尔研究黑猩猩时的做法：为它们命名，将每一只都视为独特个体，且每天长时间近距离观察，答案为原文直接信息。 3． 第四段开头提到“Goodall made surprising discoveries”，结合黑猩猩使用工具这一发现，可判断她的感受是惊讶的，答案为原文信息推断。 4．开放性作答，答案不唯一，结合后文她的项目与精神影响，合理表达尽管古道尔已离世，但她的精神、故事与理念仍持续影响着我们。 5．开放性试题，答案不唯一，结合文中她保护自然、关爱动物的行动与呼吁，合理表达从她身上学到的品质或启示即可。 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Looking into nature 课时5 Developing ideas(Reading for writing)分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 endless/ˈendləs/adj. 无数的；无限的 sight/saɪt/n. 视力，视觉 anybody /ˈenibɒdi/pron. 任何人 magnifier /ˈmæɡnɪfaɪə/n. 放大镜 wealth/welθ/n. 财富 hardly /ˈhɑːdli/adv. 几乎不 belong/bɪˈlɒŋ/v. 应在 (某处) granddaughter /ˈɡrændɔːtə/n. 孙女；外孙女 短语 all the way自始至终 be born出生 carry out进行,执行 fall ill生病 lose sight 失明 at the age of 在......岁时 carry on with sth 继续某事 think about 考虑 belong to属于 in fact事实上 be quiet about 不声张 have no idea 不知道 pass away 辞世 say goodbye 道别 listen to 听 词形变化 end v/n. 结束-endless adj. 无数的 wealth n. 财富-wealthy adj. 富有的 一、单词默写。 ______ /ˈendləs/adj. 无数的；无限的 ______ /saɪt/n. 视力，视觉 ______ /ˈenibɒdi/pron. 任何人 ______ /ˈmæɡnɪfaɪə/n. 放大镜 ______ /welθ/n. 财富 ______ /ˈhɑːdli/adv. 几乎不 ______ /bɪˈlɒŋ/v. 应在 (某处) ______ /ˈɡrændɔːtə/n. 孙女；外孙女 二、词组默写。 __________ 自始至终 __________ 出生 __________ 进行，执行 __________ 生病 __________ 失明 __________ 在...... 岁时 __________ 继续某事 __________ 考虑 __________ 属于 __________ 事实上 __________ 不声张 __________ 不知道 __________ 辞世 __________ 道别 __________ 听 一、完形填空 Do you know that a tree can talk and exchange news? It sounds strange, but it’s true that some trees can also 1 with each other. Of course, 2 tree moves lips (唇) and says words just as people do. Willow trees (柳树) are the best-known of these trees. When insects (昆虫) begin 3 a willow tree, the tree gives out a special smell at once. This smell acts like a 4 message to nearby trees. The other willow trees make a 5 in their leaves. It is bad for the insects. The insects taste the bitter thing and 6 stop eating. Soon, they 7 to find other plants. In this way, the willow trees 8 themselves and their neighbours. 9 willow trees aren’t the only ones that can “talk”. Some other plants, like corn and beans, also send signals when they are 10 . An unseen conversation never stops all around us. Nature is full of amazing secrets, and this is just one of them! 1．A．play B．grow C．fight D．communicate 2．A．no B．any C．none D．every 3．A．eating B．planting C．watering D．watching 4．A．happy B．warning C．friendly D．loud 5．A．chemical B．method C．flower D．grass 6．A．slowly B．finally C．carefully D．quickly 7．A．jump away B．give away C．take away D．fly away 8．A．raise B．build C．protect D．change 9．A．So B．Or C．But D．And 10．A．in fact B．in danger C．in public D．in person 二、短文填空 短文填空（根据上下文和首字母提示） Professor Wang Wencai e 1 China’s plants with great passion for over 70 years. He d 2 1,370 new plant species. He fell ill while doing field work, lost his right eye, but never s 3 his work. He c 4 on with his research for another 10 years. He didn’t care about w 5 or fame. To him, the National Science Award b 6 to his achievements, but he was always q 7 about them. He p 8 away at the age of 96, but his spirit of lifelong exploration and love of nature lives on. 三、阅读理解 A ① Can plants talk? Modern research has found something amazing: They do communicate with each other. ② It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other. This happens when a plant gets attacked by insects. The plant gives out chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten. When another plant gets the chemicals, it starts to give out its own, different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. Others attract the wasps (吸引黄蜂)! The wasps kill the insects that are eating the plants. Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system, so that we can use it to grow more crops. ③ More surprisingly, plants also use sounds to communicate. People can’t hear these sounds, but plants are making them. Some plants make noises with their roots. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water. ④ Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication. The system can link (连接) nearly every plant in a forest. Scientists call this system the “wood wide web”. It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food with each other. However, it may lead to bad effects. Plants may use it to steal food from each other, or spread chemicals to attack other plants. Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a “firewall” to help avoid these attacks within the wood wide web. Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other. Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to “talk” with them ourselves. 1．What will plants do when they are attacked by insects? A．They will kill the insects by themselves. B．They will make the wasps kill the insects. C．They will send out signals to drive insects away. D．They will produce chemicals as a warning or a call for help. 2．What is the writer’s purpose of the last paragraph? A．To give people hope for further studies. B．To praise (表扬) scientists for their great achievements. C．To call on people to protect the plants on earth. D．To encourage people to communicate with plants. 3．Which is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The secret language of plants B．The study on the plant warning system C．The plants that give warnings D．The reason why scientists do research on plants B The Chihuahuan Desert in West Texas is larger than any other desert in North America. The winters there are cool and summers are very hot. This area is also home to a mysterious phenomenon (现象) called the Marfa Lights. The Marfa Lights are bright lights that appear in the night sky all of a sudden and then fly to faraway places and disappear. They are about the size of basketballs and are often described as white, blue, yellow, red, or other colours. The lights sometimes even get close to people’s houses. One woman who lived on a farm told the story of what she experienced one night. She was in bed and suddenly she saw the lights shining through her bedroom window. She watched them change colour for a few minutes. Finally, they went away. Pilots who used to train in the desert in the 1940s also reported that they once saw these mysterious lights. What causes this phenomenon? People have different opinions on this. A popular interpretation is the lights might have something to do with headlights from cars on the road nearby. Scientific research also suggests that some of the lights are caused by the refraction (折射) of light between layers (层) of air that have different temperatures. However, not all of them can be explained so easily. Anyway, people will continue to study the lights to find out where they come from. No matter what these lights really are, they are as mysterious today as when they first appeared. But it is certain that the mystery behind them will be solved one day. 1．Which of the following is TRUE about the Marfa Lights? A．They move slowly. B．They only have three colours. C．They appear in the late afternoon. D．They are about the size of basketballs. 2．What does the underlined word “interpretation” mean? A．Explanation. B．Suggestion. C．Dialog. D．Purpose. 3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．People know the cause of the Marfa Lights. B．The Marfa Lights come from cars on the road nearby. C．The Marfa Lights are caused by the refraction. D．No one has been able to explain the cause of the Marfa Lights so far. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Experiences of the Marfa Lights B．Causes of the Marfa Lights C．Mystery of the Marfa Lights D．Study of the Marfa Lights 四、七选五 Rainforests are forests that get a lot of rain. They have a rainfall of more than 2.54 cm per day! There are tropical (热带) rainforests all over the world. 1 They are very warm. The Amazon rainforest is in South America. It is the biggest rainforest in the world. More than half of the rainforest is in Brazil. 2 Many plants and animals live in the Amazon rainforest. There are more kinds of plants and animals there than anywhere else in the world. The biggest mix of plants and animals lives in the canopy. 3 The canopy keeps off most of the sunlight. The rainforest floor is very dark. 4 There are more than 400 different native tribes (土著部落)! Native people used to stay in the rainforest. They found food and built homes there. They made medicine from plants. Now they sometimes leave. They go into nearby towns to sell food. Still, they live in their own ways. Today, the Amazon rainforest is faced with the problem of deforestation. This means that too many trees are cut down by humans and that 5 What can we do to protect the rainforest and the wildlife there? A．People live in the Amazon rainforest, too. B．The canopy is a thick coat of trees. C．They are found near the equator (赤道). D．The rest spreads across eight other countries. E．They have found some wildlife near the equator. F．it brings harmful results to the wildlife in the Amazon rainforest. G．it makes more space for the animals in the Amazon to live in the rainforest. 五、任务型阅读 What does it mean to be human? For centuries, people thought humans were above nature, not part of it. They believed only humans could make and use tools, and only we could communicate meaningfully. This idea remained unchallenged until Jane Goodall came along. In 1957, 23-year-old Goodall had taught herself much about animals and dreamed of working with them. Three years later, with anthropologist (人类学家) Louis Leakey’s help, she went to Africa’s Gombe forest. There, she did what no researcher had done: instead of numbering chimpanzees (黑猩猩), she named them, seeing each as unique (独特的). She watched them closely for hours daily. Soon, Goodall made surprising discoveries. A male chimp named David Greybeard broke a grass stem (梗) to catch insects, and others also used tools—once thought a human-only skill. She found chimps had rich communication and their own personalities: some kind, some tough, many both. These made people rethink humanity and drew other scientists to study apes. “Reading her books led me to the jungle,” said expert Catherine Crockford. But Goodall didn’t stop at research. Forests disappeared fast, and hunters killed or hunted apes for trade and research. She knew studying wasn’t enough to protect them, so she traveled the world until late in life, sharing her story to make change. In 1991, she started Roots & Shoots. Today, this youth program runs in over 60 countries, with millions of students trying to improve the world for humans, animals and our shared environment. Goodall is gone, but her voice lives on. As our planet warms and animals face danger, her message matters more than ever. Remember: every day, you affect this planet. Think about how you act toward people, animals and the environment. Thousands of you will make a huge difference. 1．What did people believe before Jane Goodall’s research? ______________________________________________________ 2．How did Jane Goodall treat each chimpanzee while studying them? ______________________________________________________ 3．How did Goodall feel after she found chimps could use tools? ______________________________________________________ 4．What does the sentence “Goodall is gone, but her voice lives on” mean? (请自拟作答) ______________________________________________________ 5．What can you learn from Jane Goodall? (请自拟作答) ______________________________________________________ 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $