上海市嘉定区嘉一实验高级中学2025-2026学年第二学期期中考试高二英语试题（A）

2025学年第二学期期中考试 高二英语试卷（A） （考试时间：105分钟 满分：115分） Ⅰ．Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. What to Say to A Rude Person Recently, as the British doctor Lord Robert Winston took a train from London to Manchester, he found himself ___1___ (become) steadily enraged. A woman had picked up her phone and begun a loud conversation, ___2___ would last an unbelievable hour. Furious, Winston began to tweet about the woman. He took her picture and sent it to his more than 40,000 followers. When the train arrived at its destination, Winston quickly got off for he ___3___ (have) enough of the woman’s rudeness. But the press was now waiting for her on the platform. And when they gleefully showed her the lord’s messages, she used just one word to describe Winston’s actions: rude. Winston’s tale is something of a microcosm of our age of increasing rudeness, ___4___ (fuel) by social media (and, often, politics). What can we do to fix this? Studies have shown that rudeness spreads quickly and virally, almost like the common cold. Just witnessing makes it far more likely ___5___ we, in turn, will be rude later on. Once infected, we are more aggressive, ___6___ (creative) and worse at our jobs. The only way ___7___ (end) a strain is to make a conscious decision to do so. We must have the guts to call it out, face to face. We must say, “Just stop.” For Winston, that would have meant approaching the woman, telling her that her conversation was frustrating other passengers and politely asking her to speak more quietly or make the call at another time. The rage and injustice we feel at the rude behavior of a stranger ___8___ drive us to do odd things. In my own research, surveying 2,000 adults, I discovered that the acts of revenge people had taken ranged from the ridiculous (“I rubbed fries on their wind — shield”) to the disturbing (“I sabotaged them at work”). Winston did shine a spotlight on the woman’s behavior — but from afar, in a way that shamed her. We must instead combat rudeness head on. ___9___ we see it occur in a store, we must step up and say something. If it happens to a colleague, we must point it out. We must defend strangers in the same way we’d defend our best friends. But we can do it with grace, and handle it ____10____ trace of aggression and rudeness. Once rude people can see their actions through the eyes of others, they are far more likely to end that strain themselves. As this ride of rudeness rises, civilization needs civility. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. assume B. attained C. correspondingly D. demonstrations E. severely F. exposed G. justifications H. packed I. practice J. substantial K. vehicle Could you learn physics in foreign languages? Learning both a language and a subject like physics simultaneously might seem overwhelming, but that’s the idea behind CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning), a methodology gaining popularity since its introduction in Europe in the 1990s. One of its main ____11____ was efficiency: if languages could be picked up through exposure in other subject lessons, pressure on ____12____ timetables would be reduced. Of course, CLIL brings many challenges for teachers who are required to make ____13____ adjustments to the way they teach. For language teachers, there is a near-complete reversal of what they are accustomed to: while in a traditional language course, texts are constructed primarily as a ____14____ for the language points they want to teach, in CLIL the language emerges somewhat randomly from the subject content. Conversely, subject teachers can no longer talk about their subjects to their students and ____15____ they will understand everything. They will almost certainly need to adapt by relying less on language and more on ____16____ or experiments to convey information. There is also a good deal of fear to overcome. Subject teachers may have ____17____ only low levels of language skills and therefore lack confidence in teaching in a foreign language, while a language teacher’s initial reaction to the idea of teaching maths will often be one of horror! Solutions to these problems will vary according to the setting in which teachers work. Good CLIL teaching materials are increasingly available, while many schools ____18____ a cooperative approach, with language and subject teachers negotiating both the balance between language and content, and the ways in which their different teaching styles can be brought together in a successful lesson. Does CLIL work? Research suggests it does. Like the elite Roman children who were educated in Greek, students ____19____ to CLIL often achieve good results, even in mixed-ability classes. It could be that the concentration required to understand the language means that the subject information is _____20_____ well absorbed. Ⅱ．Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with word or phrase that best fits the context. All that chatter on social media may be more valuable than we think, say researchers who are ____21____ the postings for clues about how to best control infectious disease. According to the researchers, who reported their findings in the journal Science, applying mathematical models to what people are talking about on Facebook and Twitter could help scientists to better understand how contagious (感染的) diseases spread, and how people react to ____22____. “Social media and other data sources can be used for ____23____ into how people will react when faced with a new disease control measure or the threat of infectious disease,” study author Chris Bauch, a professor of Applied Mathematics at the University of Waterloo, said in a statement. “We can create ____24____ from this data that allows researchers to observe how social contagion networks ____25____ better-known biological contagion networks.” What people ____26____ on social media can sometimes predict the spread of ideas about diseases like the flu, for example, or beliefs about vaccinations. The researchers looked at the social media reactions to ____27____ like childhood immunizations and public health messages related to infections like influenza. “If highly ____28____ people in the social network (such as celebrities) suggest that the vaccine carries risks, the resulting understanding of vaccine risks can spread quickly through the social network, ____29____ a vaccine scare and a (n) ____30____ in vaccine coverage,” they write.____31____, such social connectivity can also help to ____32____ biological contagion through ____33____ or culturally promoted behaviors, like covering your mouth when you cough. Bauch and his co-author Alison Galvani from Yale University argue that social media should get more attention as a means of judging how people will respond to disease control measures. Collecting data from social networks could be used to understand behavior, and predict how a population may ____34____ to control measures, which is valuable for public health workers. The researchers are continuing to study how social media can ____35____ together both social contagion and biological contagion networks to better predict how diseases spread — and how to stop them. 21. A. underlying B. mining C. burying D. drawing 22. A. outcomes B. outlets C. outbreaks D. outlooks 23. A. insight B. implication C. investigation D. application 24. A. charts B. models C. methods D. wonders 25. A. couple with B. interfere with C. mix with D. interact with 26. A. update B. act C. share D. comment 27. A. issues B. examples C. tips D. trends 28. A. acknowledged B. connected C. respected D. scolded 29. A. fueling B. accumulating C. removing D. stimulating 30. A. increase B. urge C. recovery D. drop 31. A. Nevertheless B. Moreover C. Virtually D. Accordingly 32. A. spread B. prevent C. accelerate D. affect 33. A. imitated B. intended C. motivated D. inherited 34. A. agree B. adapt C. appeal D. respond 35. A. employ B. analyze C. relate D. tie Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Family stories are amazing to me. You hear of family members long ago and by hearing about their stories, you can find timeless wisdom that can apply to your own life. I’ll never forget the story my mom told me about Grandma. Grandma cooked for a crew of 24 farmhands so most of her days were taken up cooking breakfast, lunch, and dinner for a bunch of loud complaining men coming in from hunting or farming. She took care of five children as well so her house was a busy little place, but where you would find Grandma the most would be in front of her stove, stirring (搅拌) a pot of something. The kids would run in and she’d give them a hug and then she’d go back to stirring. The men would come in and clean up all the biscuits and bacon and then she’d start on the next meal, once again standing and stirring at the stove. They’d tell her how wonderful her food was and then pour out their troubles to her as she listened and stirred. One time Ruth watched as the farmhands ate quickly and went back out to work, hearing all of them grumbling about their lives. Then one by one the children came in to tell Grandma their own worries. She would smile, give them some kind of advice, and keep stirring. Ruth watched sitting at the table and when everyone left she said, “Mother, how can you just sit there and stir? Everyone tells you how bad their life is and you just smile and stir? Why don’t you just tell them that you’ve had enough and you can’t take anymore? Do something… Stop stirring!” Grandma looked up at Ruth and smiled… and kept stirring. “Ruth, don’t you know that the stirring is very important? You see, when I’m stirring I’m putting all my thoughts and dreams into that pot. As everyone comes in and tells me about their life I put the love and positive thoughts into my pot and stir. Then when they eat it they have been given a pot full of hope. If we have any kind of problems I envision (想象) a solution and put it in my pot and stir. My stirring is what keeps me focused on what is good in the world. So instead of worrying about all that is around me I keep stirring knowing that all is well.” 36. From the passage we know ________. A. women’s position was very low in those days B. lots of people lived in the author’s family C. the author’s grandma lived a very busy life D. women could not find jobs outside at that time 37. The underlined phrase “grumbling about” in the passage means “________”. A. talking about B. complaining about C. showing off D. commenting on 38. Why did Ruth ask her mother those questions? A. She believed her mother was so great and helpful. B. She thought her mother treated the workers badly. C. She thought it was unfair for her mother to do so much work. D. She complained her mother was doing nothing but stir. 39. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A. Grandma always put her tiredness and troubles into the pot. B. Grandma was always worried about people’s troubles and problems. C. Grandma was unconcerned with other people’s complaint and troubles. D. Grandma was always keeping a positive attitude to anything good or bad. (B) The global energy crisis is approaching. What can we do? Here are some steps you can take. Cooling puts the greatest stress on your summer energy bill and the power grid. Just as a tune-up for your car can improve your gas mileage, a yearly tune-up of your heating and cooling system can improve efficiency and comfort. Clean or replace filter monthly or as needed. For central air conditioning systems and room air conditioners, look for the ENERGY STAR, the federal government’s symbol for energy efficiency. For central air, purchase the system with the highest possible Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio. (SEER) Use energy efficient ceiling fans either alone or with air conditioning. Ceiling fans do a great job of circulating air. When used with air conditioning, fans allow you to raise the thermostat and cut costs. Ceiling fans cool people, not rooms, so before you leave, turn off the ceiling fan. Let a programmable thermostat “remember for you” to automatically adjust the indoor climate with your daily and weekend patterns to reduce cooling bills by up to 10 percent. You can come home to a comfortable house without wasting energy and creating pollution all day while you are at work. Try to make your home airtight enough to increase your comfort, make your home quieter and cleaner and reduce your cooling costs up to 20 percent. Cut your air conditioning load, and reduce pollution by planting leafy trees around your home and fixing reflective bricks on your roof. Close blinds or shades on south-and west-facing windows during the day, or fix shading equipment to avoid heat build-up. Turn off everything not in use: lights, TVs, computers. And use fluorescent bulbs, which provide bright, warm light while using at least two-thirds less energy, producing 70 percent less heat and lasting up to 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs. Drive the car that gets better gas mileage whenever possible if you own more than one vehicle. If you drive 12,500 miles a year, switching 10 percent of your trips from a car that gets 20 miles per gallon to one that gets 30 mpg will save you more than £65 per year. Carpool. The average U.S. commuter could save about £260 a year by sharing cars twice a week with two other people in a car that gets 20.1 mpg-assuming the three passengers share the cost of gas. 40. According to the passage, the thermostat is used to ________. A. make rooms quieter B. control room temperature C. turn off the air conditioner D. reduce room air pollution 41. We can conclude from the passage that the author probably discourages _________. A. planting leafy trees around your home B. turning off the ceiling fan before you leave your house C. keeping your south-facing windows open during the day D. using fluorescent bulbs instead of incandescent bulbs 42. According to the passage, you can save fuel by _______. A. using energy-efficient ceiling fans B. sharing cars with others on workdays C. turning off everything not in use D. reducing 10% of your car trips every year (C) Discoveries in science and technology are thought by “untaught minds” to come in blinding flashes or as the result of dramatic accidents. Sir Alexander Fleming did not, as legend would have it, look at the mold (霉) on a piece of cheese and get the idea for penicillin there and then. He experimented with antibacterial substances for nine years before he made his discovery. Inventions and innovations almost always come out of tough trial and error. Innovation is like soccer; even the best players miss the goal and have their shots blocked much more frequently than they score. The point is that the players who score most are the ones who take most shots at the goal—and so it goes with innovation in any field of activity. The prime difference between innovation and others is one of approach. Everybody gets ideas, but innovators work consciously on theirs, and they follow them through until they prove practicable or otherwise. What ordinary people see as fanciful abstractions, professional innovators see as solid possibilities. “Creative thinking may mean simply the realization that there’s no particular goodness in doing things the way they have always been done.” Wrote Rudolph Flesch, a language authority. This accounts for our reaction to seemingly simple innovations like plastic garbage bags and suitcases on wheels that make life more convenient: “How come nobody thought of that before?” The creative approach begins with the proposal that nothing be as it appears. Innovators will not accept that there is only one way to do anything. Faced with getting from A to B, the average person will automatically set out on the best-known and apparently simplest route. The innovator will search for alternate courses, which may prove easier in the long run and are sure to be more interesting and challenging even if they lead to dead ends. Highly creative individuals really do march to a different drummer. 43. “Untaught mind” in the first paragraph refers to __________. A. an individual who often comes up with new ideas by accident B. a person who has had no education C. a citizen of a society that restricts personal creativity D. a person ignorant of the hard work involved in experimentation 44. According to the author, what differs innovators from non-innovators? A. The way they present their findings. B. The intelligence they possess. C. The way they deal with problems. D. The variety of ideas they have. 45. The phrase “march to a different drummer” (the last line of the passage) suggests that highly creative individuals are ________. A. devoted to the progress of science B. diligent in pursuing their goals C. concerned about the advance of society D. unwilling to follow common ways of doing things 46. The most suitable title for this passage might be ________. A. What Are So Special about Creative Individuals B. The Relation Between Creation and Diligence C. Discoveries and Innovation D. To Be a Creative Expert in the Study of Human Creativity Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Bitter Truth Behind Vanilla Vanilla is one of the world’s most popular spices and an important ingredient in products ranging from chocolate to perfume. However, the wholesale price of vanilla has reached up to $600 per kilogram, when just a few years ago it fetched a tenth of that. What is happening? Madagascar supplies more than 80 percent of the world’s natural vanilla. In the 19th century, the French introduced Bourbon vanilla to their African island colony. Today, vanilla represents 20 percent of Madagascan exports, worth around $600 million at current prices. However, it is a difficult crop to grow. A vine takes three to four years to mature. ____47____ Nine months later, the green beans must be hand-picked when perfectly ripe to optimize their vanillin content (the compound that gives vanilla its flavor). Months of blanching(焯水), sweathing(焖煮) and gradual drying in the sun are then necessary to produce the aromatic(芳香的) spice. Six hundred hand-pollinated blossoms yield about six kilos of green beans, which convert to one kilo of dried beans. The price of Madagascan vanilla was once set by the government. ____48____ Madagascar’s government was eventually forced to end its price-fixing regime(体制). Food giants such as Unilever and Nestlé also increased their use of synthetic vanillin, which can be produced from reliable sources, adding to the pressure. For 30 years, Madagascar’s vanilla farmers earned just a pittance, and many ended up leaving the business. But even with fewer producers, the price of natural vanilla stayed low. It was not until public tastes started shifting towards all things natural that farmers’ fortunes revived. From around 2011, some manufacturers began focusing once more on natural vanilla. In 2015, Nestlé announced plans to use only natural ingredients in five years, and Hershey’s followed suit. ____49____ Extreme weather, weak crop-security, and exporters who hoard inventory(囤货) and speculate (做投机买卖) on further rises have also kept prices high. ____50____ To prevent theft of their now rather valuable crops, farmers have taken to harvesting the beans early, thereby reducing the overall quality of the crop. That forces the government to make greater efforts to enforce penalties(处罚). If it manages this, Madagascar could yet savor the benefits of its near monopoly(垄断). A. It’s expensive because it’s both labor-intensive and time-consuming to grow. B. Demand has therefore surged, and with it prices - in part because natural supplies are insufficient. C. If pollination (授粉) is successful, it will take another eight to nine months until the plant matures. D. This rise has not been without its challenges. E. The flowers open for just one day a year, so pollination is done completely by hand. F. But such were the prices it demanded for vanilla that in the 1980s buyers turned their attention to the cheaper, poor-quality version available elsewhere, in particular Indonesia. Ⅲ．Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Is an “expedition” better than a holiday? Expeditions used to be the preserve of professionals: scientists, academics and explorers setting off for parts unknown with the goal of furthering the field of human knowledge. An emerging industry of expedition tourism, however, is laying open the thrill of discovery to the general public. Tours are increasingly being accompanied by experts in their respective fields, who lead visits to conservation areas, historical sites, or scientific institutions, offering in-depth explanations of what guests are experiencing. There’s one key factor that’s driving people’s desire to travel: the spirit of scientific research. Kevin Currie, director of New Scientist Discovery Tours (NSDT), added that people no longer just want to sit on a beach and that there is now a greater desire for self-fulfillment. He explained his company had launched in June 2019, during a time when experiential tours were growing at twice the rate of normal tourism, and that this trend had resumed after the pandemic. Many of the new breed of expedition tours extend the scope of the trip beyond mere tourism. Yet all of them raise the question: how valuable can a tourist truly be to scientific research? Currie is doubtful about the usefulness of citizen science activities being offered as part of an expedition tour, stating scientific research is a serious endeavor and should not be treated causally. Other experts have expressed concerns that some expedition tours may be causing more damage to the environment than they are able to help resolve. Some experts, however, are optimistic about the citizen science tourism. When done right, this tourism can not only gather useful data, but can empower participants to take further action, which positively impacts conservation going forward. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅳ．Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 春日纵是温柔，桃花仍自枝头飘落。（as）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 53. 志愿者们为地震灾区筹集了大量物资，这极大地鼓舞了灾区民众。（which）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 54. 规则旨在帮助团队有序合作，那些无视规则、只顾及私利的人终将付出代价。（intend）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 55. 随着人工智能技术飞速迭代，各类企业必须持续更新理念与技能，才能在激烈的竞争中立于不败之地。（update）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 2025学年第二学期期中考试 高二英语试卷（A） （考试时间：105分钟 满分：115分） Ⅰ．Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 【1~10题答案】 【答案】1. becoming 2. which 3. had had 4. fueled 5. that 6. less creative 7. to end 8. can 9. When 10. without Section B 【11~20题答案】 【答案】11. G 12. H 13. J 14. K 15. A 16. D 17. B 18. I 19. F 20. C Ⅱ．Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with word or phrase that best fits the context. 【21~35题答案】 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. D Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) 【36~39题答案】 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 39. D (B) 【40~42题答案】 【答案】40. B 41. C 42. B (C) 【43~46题答案】 【答案】43. D 44. C 45. D 46. B Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【47~50题答案】 【答案】47. E 48. F 49. B 50. D Ⅲ．Summary Writing 【51题答案】 【答案】 Expedition tourism, which is led by experts, offers the public an engaging alternative to traditional holidays. Some have expressed concerns about the potential contribution of tourist-led research and worry about environmental impacts. Some says that scientific research is a serious issue that should not be treated lightly. Others see value in inspiring participants to support conservation efforts and data collection. Ⅳ．Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 【52题答案】 【答案】Gentle as spring is, peach blossoms still fall from the branches. 【53题答案】 【答案】The volunteers raised a large number of supplies for the earthquake-stricken areas, which greatly encouraged the people in the disaster-stricken areas. 【54题答案】 【答案】Rules are intended to help teams cooperate in an orderly manner, and those who ignore the rules and only care about their own interests will eventually pay the price. 【55题答案】 【答案】With the rapid iteration of AI technology, various enterprises must continuously update their concepts and skills in order to stay ahead in the fierce competition. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $