专题3 说明文阅读-【芸熙百分】2025-2026学年七年级英语下册期末必刷卷(人教版·新教材 郑州专版)

1 河将巷爬 R·七年级·英语 :I 政专题 1 专题3 说明文阅读 1 编者按：聚焦期末高频及重难考点，专题训练，提升能力！ 1 A(话题：三伏天的正确打开方式) 的中 1 15th July welcomes the coming of this year's sanfu days,or "dog days of summer"in China 拟的 In the Chinese lunar calendar(农历)，sanfu consists of(组成)three periods(时期)：toufu(from 归的 1 15th July to 24th July),zhongfu(from 25th July to 13th August),and mofu(from 14th August to 23rd 邮紧邮 August).They are the hottest days of the year.The start time of sanfu is different each year.During 州 sanfu,Chinese people in old times had some traditions to keep cool and find peace and joy. To stay cool during sanfu,health experts say that icy drinks and too much ice cream may not be good for health.Eating more vegetables and less meat can make one feel better. In the past few centuries,people in different parts of China have found different kinds of food to cool off during sanfu,such as bitter melons()and duck soup.These are popular "cooling"foods and drinks. 1 Since the old times,Chinese people have believed that staying quiet can make one feel cool even on 内 hot days..Activities like deep breathing(深呼吸)，reading,practising calligraphy(书法)，fishing and 咖 gardening can help people relax and cool down. 1 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 )1.Which day is NOT one of this year's sanfu days? A.10th July. B.24th July. C.2nd August. D.17th August. ( )2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? 1 A.Sanfu is also called "cat days of summer". 紧 B.Sanfu days are not the hottest days of the year. 得 C.It's healthy for people to have much icy drinks. D.Drinking duck soup can help people cool down. )3.(O新考法图文转换Which of the four is the best sport to do on sanfu days? B 恝 武 )4.What is the main idea of the text? 怕花息 A.What to eat during sanfu days. B.Where to stay during sanfu days. 题 C.When to exercise during sanfu days. D.How to cool off during sanfu days. )5.What's the theme of this text? A.Nature. B.History. C.Weather. D.Travel. 1 英语七年级下册人教第1页共4页 1 B(话题：倒着走，更健康) Walking is a great and easy way to keep healthy.Just wear a pair of nice shoes,and you can start walking.But do you know that walking backward can be even better for you? backward forward When we walk forward,we use our ankles()a lot.But when we walk backward,we need to use the back part of our body and our knees.A scientist from America found that walking backward can make people feel less pain(). Also,walking backward can help us learn new skills.A study says that if people walk backward for 15 minutes every time,three or four times a week,they can stand better without falling.It helps us stay safe when we walk on wet floors or go up and down stairs. What's more,we should be very careful when walking backward.That's because we can't see what's behind us.So we must watch out not to hit things or fall down. A For thousands()of years,people have done it to stay healthy.So,next time you go for a walk,try walking backward for a few minutes.You may find it's fun and good for you. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 )6.What part of our body do we use a lot when we walk forward? A.Ankles. B.Knees. C.Legs. D.Feet. ()7.How long can people walk backward every week to stand better without falling? A.About 20-30 minutes. B.About 45-60 minutes. C.About 20-50 minutes. D.About 45-80 minutes. )8.可新考法文章结构What is the structure(结构)of this text? A.①②③/④/⑤ B.①②/③④/⑤ C.①/②③④/⑤ D.①/②③/④⑤ ()9.⑨新考法信息还原Which of the following sentences can you put into“▲_”in the last paragraph? A.Walking backward is not new. B.You can ask your friends next time. C.A few minutes is enough for you. D.Going for a walk isn't very easy but great. ()10.What kind of text is it? A.A notice. B.A food order. C.A health newsletter.D.A science story. C(话题：丝绸之路的美食大派送) [杭州市]The weather is getting hot..Would you like to have some cucumber with mashed garlic(蒜 泥黄瓜)？When you enjoy this tasty summer dish,don't forget to say“thanks'to one person-一Zhang Qian. Zhang Qian was an early visitor to the Silk Road and brought many new foods and other things to China.The Silk Road was a long road.It was from China to Central Asia,and even Europe.Where is this dish from?Cucumbers came from South Asia.In early times,Chinese people called it hugua.Hu means "foreign".That is to say,it isn't from China.Later,its name changed to huanggua. What about garlic?Its home was in Central Asia.Zhang Qian brought it to China more than 2,000 years ago.Garlic can make many dishes taste better.It kills germs in our body and is good for our health. 英语七年级下册人教第2页共4页 专题3 What is the Silk Road?The Silk Road was also called "Sweet Road".Besides vegetables,it brought many kinds of tasty fruits to China.Do you like grapes?They also came from Central Asia. Chinese people used them to make wine. Do you ever see the words hu,yang,fan or xi in Chinese names of some foods?These names usually mean that these foods do not come from China,for example,huluobo(carrots)and yangcong(onions).Can you find more? 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 ( )11.What does the underlined word "germs"mean in English? A.Something good. B.Something bad. C.Something sweet. D.Something delicious. ()12.Why was the Silk Road also called "Sweet Road"? A.Because the silk on the road was sweet. B.Because people got a lot of candies on the road C.Because people on the road were sweet and friendly D.Because many sweet fruits came to China through the road. )13.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A.Zhang Qian brought cucumbers back from Central Asia. B.People used the grapes on the Silk Road to make wine. C.Garlic came from Central Asia more than 2,000 years ago. D.The Silk Road was from China to Europe and Africa. )14.-可新考法细节多选Which of the following didn't come from China according to the last paragraph? ①tomatoes (②ananas ③watermelons ④pears A.①② B.①③ C.②③ D.③④ ()15.What's the best title for the text? A.A Story of Zhang Qian B.The History of Foods C.The Importance of the Silk Road D.The Foods Through the Silk Road 可新素材生态环保D(话题：生态之“衡”） Do you know anything about the balance()of nature?Here is an example Not many years ago,some farmers were worried because hawks()took many of their chickens, so the farmers killed many hawks.They no longer had to worry about their chickens.But then they had new worries.Mice ate the farmers'food.How did this happen?Hawks ate not only chickens but also mice.They ate more mice than chickens.But the farmers did not know this.When they killed many hawks,they changed the balance of nature. 专题3 英语七年级下册人教第3页共4页 Changing the balance is bad for nature.Sometimes when people move into a new place,they often cut down many plants.Some of these plants are food for animals.If the animals cannot find food to eat, they will die or have to leave the place. Here is another example.In a place in the United States,the giraffes there ate a kind of rose.The lions there ate the giraffes.The number of giraffes,lions and wild roses did not change much if people kept things as they were.But people killed many lions to protect the giraffes.Soon there were so many giraffes that they ate up all the roses.Then the giraffes began to eat leaves of young trees.These trees were important to people.So people thought of ways to protect trees.Now the giraffes had nothing to eat, and many of them died.This was another lesson from nature. Please always keep this in mind:It's important for us to keep the balance of nature. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 )16.-可新考法写作手法How does the writer start the text? A.By giving a fact. B.By asking a question. C.By giving an opinion. D.By telling a life story. ()17.What does the underlined word "they"in Paragraph 2 refer to? A.The hawks. B.The mice. C.The chickens. D.The farmers. ( )18.可新考法图文转换Which one shows the right relation(关系)of giraffes,lions,roses and trees? B. D )19.What is the main idea of the text? A.Farmers can't change the balance. B.Animals are bad for grains and plants. C.People can always learn from the nature. D.We should not change the balance of nature. )20.-⑨新考法文章结构Which is the right structure of this text? ①D ① ② B C.②③ D.② 3 4 ③④⑤ ②③④⑤ ④⑤ 英语七年级下册人教第4页共4页河标言侧 重点句子 1.What are your favourite stories? 2.The mouse promised to help the lion. 3.They pretended to make the clothes. 4.-Did you read Little Women for English class? -Yes,I did.It is a great book./No,I didn't.We chose a different book. 5.-How did the mouse help the lion? -It bit through the net,and the lion got out. 6.It took me months to learn how to paint a horse well! 7.They did not like him because he could not purr or lay eggs! 专题1应用文阅读 快速灯管泉 题号12345678910 答案C BA CCC A D C D 易错题难题精抑 A 2.B解析信息还原题。根据表格中的“In the UK,they change the clocks twice a year.When spring begins,they put the clocks forward by one hour...When summer ends,they put the clocks back by one hour..(在英国，人们一年调整两次时 钟。当春季来临时，人们会将时钟向前拨快一小时…当 夏季结束时，人们再将时钟向后拨回一小时。)”可知，本段 主要讲调整钟表时间。B项（人们会调整钟表的时间吗？） 符合语境。故选B。 5.C解析)文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了 时区、英国的夏令时和中国的二十四节气，因此这篇文章最 有可能来自地理杂志。故选C。 B 7.A解析》图文转换题。根据表格中“Global Running Day is on the first Wednesday of June every year..”可知，世界跑步 日在每年六月的第一个星期三。故选A。 8.D解析>数字计算题。根据统计图可知，约60%的人通 过跑步保持健康。若有20,000名中国人，则通过跑步保持 健康的人数为20,000×60%=12,000（人）。故选D 10.D解析》文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章围绕“跑步” 展开，介绍了跑步的优点、全球跑步日及如何正确跑步等 内容，这些都与“健康”相关，因此最有可能从校报的“健 康板块看到这篇文章。故选D。 专题2记叙文阅读 快速灯省 题号12345678910 答案D C BD A D ABDA 易错题难题精抑 A 2.C解析》代词指代题。根据第二段中“When he started teaching the fifth-grade students...Clark wrote55 rules..”可知， 此处的hem指代前文提到的“五年级的学生们”。故选C。 人数版·七年级·英语·下册 5.A解析写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了 Clark制定规则帮助学生变得更好的事迹。因此本文的目 的是为了给我们介绍一位伟大的老师。故选A。 B 6.D解析词义猜测题。根据第一段中“He always hit the bul'seye,and hardly missed the target.”可知，前半句“hit the bull'seye”表示“射中靶心”，结合hardly(几乎不)，可推 知画线单词missed与hit语义相反，意为“未射中”，与 “Didn'thit”同义。故选D。 8.B解析写作手法题。结合全文可知，文章首先介绍① 故事的背景，此处应是山底：然后②陈击中了目标，接着③ 卖油翁参观并分享了自己的看法，此处是故事的发展；之后 ④卖油翁通过钱孔把油倒进葫芦里是该故事的高潮，所以 ④应该位于故事山的山顶；⑤卖油翁离开是故事的结尾，应 在故事山另一端的山底。故选B。 10.A解析》主旨大意题。本文通过陈尧咨擅长射箭和卖 油翁熟练倒油的故事，揭示了“通过长期反复练习，就能 熟练掌握技艺”的道理，即“Practice makes perfect.（熟能 生巧。)”。故选A。 专题3说明文阅读 快速灯雪案 题号12345678910 答案ADCDCA BCAC 题号11121314151617181920 答案BDC BDBDADD 易错题难题精 A 4.D解析)主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了 “三伏天”以及人们在三伏天通过饮食和休闲活动降温消暑 的方式。D项（三伏天如何降温）符合文章主旨。故选D。 B 7.B解析)数字计算题。根据第三段中“A study says that if people walk backward for 15 minutes every time,three or four times a week,they can stand better without falling.(一项研究 表明，若人们每周倒走三、四次，每次15分钟，就能更好地 保持站立平衡，避免摔倒。)”可知，每周倒走三次时长为 15×3=45(分钟)，倒走四次时长为15×4=60（分钟），即 每周需倒走45一60分钟。故选B。 8.C解析》文章结构题。通读全文可知，本文第一段引出 “走路有益健康，而倒走可能更好”的核心话题；第二至四段 分别介绍倒走的好处和注意事项；最后一段总结倒走是传 统健康方式，建议大家尝试倒走。文章结构为“总一分一 总”。故选C。 C 15.D解析》标题归纳题。根据第二段中“Zhang Qian was an early visitor to the Silk Road and brought many new foods and other things to China.”并结合全文可知，本文主要介绍 了通过丝绸之路传入中国的一些食物。D项（经丝绸之路 而来的食物)适合作本文的最佳标题。故选D。 ●● 4 河洛芸熙·期末考试必刷卷 0 17.D解析》代词指代题。根据第二段中“Hawks ate not only chickens but also mice.They ate more mice than chickens. But the farmers did not know this.When they killed many hawks,they changed the balance of nature.”可知，鹰不仅吃 鸡，也吃老鼠。他们吃的老鼠比鸡多。但是农民们并不知 道这一点。当他们杀死许多鹰的时候，他们改变了自然的 平衡。因此hey指代的是“农民”。故选D。 18.A解析》图文转换题。根据第四段中“In a place in the United States,the giraffes there ate a kind of rose.The lions there ate the giraffes.."以及“Then the giraffes began to eat leaves of young trees..”可知，长颈鹿吃一种玫瑰一那里 的狮子吃长颈鹿—一人们为保护长颈鹿杀死了狮子 很快，长颈鹿太多了，它们把所有的玫瑰都吃光了。然后 长颈鹿开始吃小树的叶子。A项符合题意。故选A。 20.D解析》文章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出主 题，第二、三、四段用鹰与老鼠、狮子与长颈鹿作为自然平 衡的例子，第五段总结强调保持自然平衡的重要性。因此 文章为“总一分一总”结构。故选D。 专题4任务型阅读 快速灯答暴 题号12 34 56 78 910 答案CDAEB 题号11121314151617181920 答案ECDABC BDEA 题号21222324252627282930 答案 CEBDA ECBD A 题号3132 333435 答案BCEAD 易错题难题精钟 A 4.E解析》根据空前“So he tried to play some easy music.” 和空后“Gongming Yi felt unhappy.”及上文可知，公明仪感 到不开心，说明牛还是没反应。E项（但在演奏了很长时间 后，这头牛仍然没有看他。)符合语境。故选E。 5.B解析)根据下文中的First与Second可知，空处说的是 两点教训。B项（我们可以从这个故事中学到两点教训。） 符合语境。故选B。 B 8.A解析》根据空前“Some people think that it is not good for students,because the colour sometimes makes them feel bad about themselves."可知，红色让他们感觉不好，空处应是介 绍感觉好的颜色。A项（他们认为绿色、黄色和蓝色更令人 放松。)符合语境。故选A。 9.C解析》根据空后“And you may think it is also an important rule in class.But,in the USA,students mustn't raise their hands in a school..”可知，此处说明在美国学生不得在 学校举手，所以空处应与举手相关。C项（在中国，学生在 课堂上举手回答老师的问题是很常见的。)符合语境。故 选C。 5 而衣卷观 C 13.D解析》根据空前“My mother got very nervous.She couldn't swim but she jumped into the water without thinking twice.”可知，“我”妈妈变得非常紧张。她不会游泳，但她 不假思索地跳入水中。D项（我父亲也以最快的速度跳 人水中。)承接上文，符合语境。故选D。 15.B解析》根据空前“When I wanted to give him a piece of chocolate,he said,'No,honey,I am not hungry and I don't like chocolate.I didn't really understand what my father said until I grew older.”可知，父亲拒绝巧克力并说“我不饿，也 不喜欢巧克力”，但作者长大后才明白真相。这里需要填 入父亲真正的想法。B项（事实上，他喜欢巧克力，但他更 爱我。)符合语境。故选B。 D 17.B解析>根据空前“Baduanjin is slow and easy to learn. People only need to wear comfortable clothes,socks and shoes before doing it.”可知，此处在讲八段锦动作缓慢，容易学习， B项（虽然它简单易学，但效果很好。）承接上文，符合语境。 故选B。 19.E解析》前文以“第一个动作‘两手托天’有助于缓解 头痛、背痛”为例，说明“每个动作都有独特益处”。E项 (第五个动作“摇头摆尾”有助于放松腰背和颈部。)承接 “动作益处”的描述，补充了另一个动作的具体效果，让说 明更具体。故选E。 E 22.E解析根据空前“The new food guide tells us what to eat each day.”可知，新发布的膳食指南明确了每日饮食搭 配，空处需承接该话题，具体说明每日应吃的食物种类。 E项（一天中，我们应该吃米饭、肉、一个鸡蛋、水果和牛 奶。)通过具体例子呼应前文的“what to eat”,符合语境 故选E。 25.A解析>根据小标题“Food Guide Dos and Don'ts(膳食 指南之该做与不该做)”及“Dont's(不该做)”的分类可 知，A项（不要吃太快。）是健康饮食中明确需要避免的行 为，与Dot's的分类对应，符合语境。故选A。 F 27.C解析》后文提到“5,000多年前，中国人发现了蚕的秘 密”，明确围绕“养蚕的历史”展开。C项（中国养蚕有着 悠久的历史。)直接点明“历史悠久”的主题，与后文的时 间信息(Over5,OO0 years ago)完全呼应，是该段的总起 句。故选C。 29.D解析空前提到“桑叶是蚕最好的食物”，空处应说跟 “食物”相关的东西。D项（它们也可以吃一些干净的菜 叶。)承接上文，联系紧密。故选D。 G 31.B解析)根据空前“Many people think deserts are hot and dry.”f和空后“It is true that the world's deserts,.are always hot.”可知，前文表示很多人认为沙漠炎热干燥；后文说明 沙漠确实干燥，但不都炎热，说明人们对沙漠并不是很了 解。B项（然而，他们从未真正了解过沙漠。）符合语境。 故选B。