专题16 Unit 12 The Wonderland of Literature（Preparing for the Topic&Exploring the Topic）精讲-2025-2026学年英语八年级下册同步单元复习（新仁爱科普版）

专题16 Unit 12 The Wonderland of Literature （Preparing for the Topic&Exploring the Topic）精讲 Preparing for the Topic 知识清单 重点单词 名词 老鼠 友情；友谊 财富；丰富；大量 动词 翻译 恐吓；伤害；胁迫 形容词 丑陋的；难看的 英俊的；有魅力的 精力充沛的；充满活力的 重点短语 tale 童话故事 make the best of a bad 在不利情况下尽力而为；善处逆境 .into.把...译成... Chinese novel 中国经典小说 grow 逐渐变为，发展成，成长为（某种类型的人或事物） in many difficult 在许多艰难的情况下 go (人)有远大前程 重点句子 1.The Merchant of Venice is a very drama by Shakespeare. Many people enjoy it because it what life was in 16th-century Italy.《威尼斯商人》是莎士比亚创作的一部非常受欢迎的戏剧。许多人喜欢它,因为它展示了16世纪意大利的生活图景。 2. The story of The Lion and the Mouse is part of Aesop's fables. It tells us everyone needs the help of and that a kindness is never .《狮子与老鼠》是伊索寓言中的一则故事。它告诉我们每个人都需要他人的帮助，善意永远不会被辜负。 3. The Ugly Duckling is one of Andersen's most famous . It teaches us how we can make the best of a bad .《丑小鸭》是安徒生最著名的童话故事之一。它告诉我们如何在不利的情况下尽力而为。 4. Xu Yuanchong Li Bai's poems to the world by them English.许渊冲通过将李白的诗翻译成英文，把它们介绍给了全世界。 5. A Dream of Red Mansions is a great Chinese novel. Many people think it is beautiful because it a story about love and family.《红楼梦》是一部伟大的中_国经典小说。许多人因其讲述爱情和家族的故事而赞叹它的深刻之美。 6.He is a in the novel Journey to the West. It is one of the four great of Chinese literature.他是小说《西游记》中的英雄。《西游记》是中国四大名著之一 7. He fights school and grows a strong man.他与校园欺凌作斗争成长为坚韧之人。 8. They a great team in many situations. 在重重困境中，他们铸就了无懈可击的团队。 9. We can learn that one can't friendship and teamwork. 我们由此明白，失去友谊与协作,人终将难行远。 课文重点解析 考点1.Xu Yuanchong introduced Li Bai's poems to the world by translating them into English.许渊冲通过将李白的诗翻译成英语，把它们介绍给了全世界。 translate v.翻译 (1)固定搭配：translate...into...把……翻译成…… e.g.Please this sentence English.请把这个句子翻译成英语。 同义短语：put...into...把……翻译成…… e.g.Put this sentence Chinese.把这个句子译成中文。 (2)词性转换 ①translation n.翻译；译文 e.g.This is a good .这是一篇不错的译文。 ②translator n.翻译员；翻译家 e.g.He is a great .他是一位优秀的翻译家。 考点2.The language is clear and easy to understand,and the translation is just as beautiful.语言清晰易懂，而且译文也同样优美。 just as (1)just as+形容词/副词+(as+比较对象)和……一样 e.g.This book is interesting as that one.这本书和那本一样有趣。 (2)just as+完整句子正如……那样 e.g.Do I tell you.照我告诉你的那样去做。 (3)Just as+句子，主句正当……的时候 e.g. I got home,it began to rain.正当我到家时，天开始下雨。 考点3.Jia Baoyu doesn't care about power or wealth.贾宝玉不关心权力和财富。 wealth n.财富；丰富；大量 (1)表“财富；钱财”(不可数名词) e.g.Health is better than .健康胜于财富。 (2)表“大量；丰富” 固定搭配：a wealth of大量的；丰富的 e.g.There is a wealth information on the internet.网上有大量信息。 (3)词性转换 wealthy adj.富有的；富裕的 e.g.He is a man.他是一个富有的人。 考点4 I think he is very brave,and he is pretty handsome,too.我觉得他非常勇敢，而且也很帅气。 handsome adj.英俊的；有魅力的近义词辨析 单词 含义及用法 例句 handsome adj.英俊的(形容男子) My uncle is very .我叔叔很英俊。 good-looking adj.好看的(男女通用) She is a girl.她是个好看的女孩。 beautiful adj.美丽的(形容女子、景物) She is a woman.她是一位美丽的女士。 pretty adj.漂亮的(形容女子、小孩、花草) The little girl is .这个小女孩很漂亮。 考点5 He fights against school bullying and grows into a strong man.他反对校园霸凌，成长为一个坚强的人。 辨析grow into,grow up和grow 短语/单词 含义及用法 例句 grow into “成长为、变成”;接人/身份/状态名词 He grows a strong boy.他成长为一个坚强的男孩。 grow up “长大、成年”;专指人成长，不直接接宾语 I want to be a teacher when I grow .我长大后想当一名老师。 grow “生长、变得、种植”;接形容词/名词 The flowers well.这些花长得很好。 随堂训练 一、用单词的正确形式填空 1. Sun Wukong is a hero in the novel *Journey to the West*. It is one of the four great __________ (classic) of Chinese literature. 2. He is very brave, and he is pretty __________ (handsome), too. 3. He fights against school __________ (bully) and grows into a strong man. 4. I like Sun Wukong because he is __________ (power) and energetic. 5. We can learn that one can't go far without __________ (friend) and teamwork. 二、单项选择题 ( ) 1. Sun Wukong is a hero in the novel *Journey to the West*. It is one of the four great ______ of Chinese literature. A. classic   B. classics   C. classical ( ) 2. I think he is very brave, and he is pretty ______, too. A. handsome   B. handsomely   C. handsomeness ( ) 3. He fights ______ school bullying and grows into a strong man. A. for   B. against   C. with ( ) 4. I like Sun Wukong because he is powerful and ______. A. energy   B. energize   C. energetic ( ) 5. Sun Wukong has great friends, ______. A. also   B. too   C. either ( ) 6. Zhu Bajie and Sha Wujing also help a lot ______ the journey. A. along   B. with   C. for ( ) 7. They make a great team in many difficult ______. A. situation   B. situations   C. situational ( ) 8. We can learn that one can't go far without friendship and ______. A. team   B. teaming   C. teamwork ( ) 9. What kind of literature ______ you like? A. does   B. do   C. are ( ) 10. I like fairy tales ______. A. a lot of   B. a lot   C. lots of 三、选词填空（从方框中选择合适的词填空，每词限用一次） powerful energetic brave handsome helpful 1. Sun Wukong is __________ and __________. 2. Harry Potter is __________ and __________. 3. Their friends are __________ in both stories. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 孙悟空是小说《西游记》中的英雄。 Sun Wukong is a __________ in the novel __________ __________ __________. 2. 我认为他非常勇敢，而且他也相当英俊。 I think he is very __________, and he is pretty __________, too. 3. 他打击校园欺凌，成长为一个坚强的人。 He fights __________ school __________ and grows into a strong man. 4. 我喜欢孙悟空，因为他强大而充满活力。 I like Sun Wukong because he is __________ and __________. 5. 没有友谊和团队合作，一个人走不远。 One can't go far without __________ and __________. Exploring the Topic 知识清单 重点单词 名词 狐；狐狸 汤；羹 (物体的)细长部分；颈部；脖子；颈 财富；金银财宝；珠宝；珍宝 夫妻；少数人（或事物）动词 动词 处罚；惩罚 使害怕；恐惧 决定于 副词 也许;可能 形容词 饥饿的 死的；失去生命的 懦弱的；虚弱的；无力的 睡着 有趣的；滑稽的；好笑的 兼类词 v.反映n.镜子 重点短语 go (火或灯光)熄灭 sb.to sp.邀请某人到某地 leave sp.动身前往某地 prevent sb. doing sth.阻止某人做某事 from all of life来自各行各业 in the changing 在时代变迁中 come 出版；发行；发表 at home and 国内外 the old 老夫妇，老两口 Chinese 中国诗歌 sit 坐着；坐下；就座 fall 入睡；睡着 the of....的结局 be about对...感到担心 oneself(向某人)展现，展示，证明（自己的实力） be 上演 ....or not是否... the leading 主角 on取决于 get into 陷入困境，惹上麻烦 重点句子 1. she did not sell all the matches,her father would her.如果她不能卖掉所有的火柴，她父亲就会惩罚她。 2."Perhaps a match will me ,"she thought."会让我暖和起来”，她想。 3. ,she lit three .她迅速点燃了三根火柴。 4. ,they when the light went .然而，当火焰熄灭时，它们就消失了。 5.The next morning,people the girl the wall,dead.第二天早晨，人们发现女孩倚靠在墙边，死了。 6. hungry and angry,the left for home.鹳又饿又怒，飞回了家。 7.The fox's small mouth him from anything,while the stork enjoyed the meal easily by his long beak.长喙轻松享用了这顿饭。 8.The play more than 60 interesting from all walks of life.这部话剧塑造了60多个来自各行各业的有趣角色。 9.He gets well with people and keeps the teahouse in the changing times.他与人相处融洽，并在时代变迁中维持着茶馆的运营。 10.The play came in the 1950s and it is still popular both at home and .这部话剧于20世纪50年代问世，至今仍在国内外广受欢迎。 11.Today,Teahouse is not only one of Lao She's best ,but also a in the history of modern Chinese dramas.如今，《茶馆》不仅是老舍先生最杰出的作品之一，也是中国现代戏剧史上的瑰宝。 12.It is that the drama has only one scene but is still so .令人大为惊奇的是，这部戏剧虽然只有一个场景，但却仍然如此有趣。 13.David is in Chinese .大卫对中国诗歌感兴趣。 14.The little match girl was tired that she sat in the corner and soon fell .卖火柴的小女孩太累了，她在角落里坐下，很快就睡着了。 15.Tang Sanzang is often about Sun Wukong because Sun on causing .唐三藏经常担心孙悟空，因为孙悟空总是惹麻烦。 16.He wants to himself,so he goes a long journey at sea and fights against a huge fish for 84 days.他想证明自己，于是他踏上了漫长的海上之旅，并与一条大鱼搏斗了84天。 17.Kangkang,a new play will be in our school theater.康康，我们学校剧院要上演一部新的话剧。 18.I'm you'd like to watch it or not.我想知道你是否想看。 19.It depends the girl likes the drama or not.这取决于这个女孩是否喜欢这部戏剧。 20.Especially,they are about why he often gets into and how he manages to get of it.他们尤其好奇他为何经常陷入困境又如何摆脱困境。 21.They can also travel back time and get a picture of the American life of that time.他们还可以回到过去，从而了解那个时代美国的生活。 课文重点解析 考点1.How she wanted to leave the place and go home!她多想要离开这个地方回家去! (1)how引导的感叹句 ①How+主语+谓语(+宾语)!(表情感/程度) e.g. I miss you!我多想你啊! ②How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语! e.g. fast he runs!他跑得真快! beautiful the flower is!这花真美! ③How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语! e.g. clever a boy he is!他是个多聪明的男孩! (2)What引导的感叹句(修饰名词) ①What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语! e.g. clever boy he is!他真是个聪明的孩子啊! ②What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语! e.g. beautiful flowers they are!它们是多么美丽的花朵啊! ③What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语! e.g. fine weather it is!这天气真是好极了! 考点2.If she did not sell all the matches,her father would punish her.如果她没有把所有的火柴都卖掉，她父亲就会惩罚她。 (1)if ①if引导非真实条件句(虚拟语气) 基本结构：if从句用一般过去时，主句用would加动词原形。表示假设、不真实或与现在事实相反的情况。 e.g. I had time,I would help you.如果我有时间，我就会帮你。 ②if/unless/as long as引导真实条件句 用法：这三个引导词都遵循主将从现原则。即主句用一般将来时(will)、情态动词或祈使句，从句用一般现在时。 e.g. you study hard,you will get good grades.如果你努力学习，你就会取得好成绩。 you get up early,you will miss the bus.(=If you don’t get up early,you will miss the bus.)除非你早起，否则你会错过公交车。 you keep reading,you will improve your English.只要你坚持阅读，你的英语就会进步。 (2)punish v.处罚；惩罚 ①固定搭配： punish sb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事惩罚某人 e.g.The teacher him for lying.老师因他撒谎而惩罚了他。 ②被动结构： be punished for(doing)sth.因(做)某事被惩罚 e.g.He was punished breaking the rules.他因违反规定而受到惩罚。③词性转换punishment n.惩罚 e.g.The was fair.这个惩罚是公平的。 考点3.Perhaps a burning match will warm me up.或许一根燃烧的火柴能让我暖和起来。 perhaps adv.也许；可能近义辨析 单词 含义及用法 例句 perhaps adv.也许，可能性中等；较正式，常放句首 you are right.也许你是对的。 maybe adv.也许，可能性中等；口语常用，常放句首 he will come.也许他会来。 possible adj.可能的，可能性最小；修饰名词或用于It is possible that... It is to finish it.完成它是可能的。 probably adv.很可能，可能性最大；常放句中(be动词/助动词后，实义动词前) He will come.他很可能会来。 考点4.People found the girl lying against the wall,dead.人们发现女孩靠在墙角已经死了。 (1)句子结构：主语(People)+谓语(found)+宾语(the girl)+宾语补足语(lying against the wall,dead) (2)补足语解析 ①lying against the wall现在分词短语作宾语补足语，表示宾语当时正在进行的动作/状态。 e.g.I found him in the classroom.我发现他正在教室里睡觉。 ②dead形容词作宾语补足语，表示宾语的状态/结果。 e.g.They found the door .他们发现门是开着的。 (3)against prep.靠着；倚着 e.g.He put the bike the tree.他把自行车靠在树上。 考点5.One day,a fox invited a stork to his home for dinner.一天，一只狐狸邀请一只鹳到他家共进晚餐。 invite (1)v.邀请 ①invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事 e.g.They invite us watch the movie.他们邀请我们去看电影。 ②invite sb.to+地点邀请某人去某地 e.g.She me to her birthday party.她邀请我参加她的生日派对。 ③be invited to do sth.被邀请做某事 e.g.I am to sing a song at the party.我被邀请在聚会上唱一首歌。 (2)invitation n.邀请；请柬 e.g.Thank you for your .谢谢你的邀请。 考点6.Feeling hungry and angry,the stork left for home.又饿又气，鹳鸟动身回家了。 Feeling hungry and angry是现在分词短语作状语，表示主语当时的状态或心情。它的逻辑主语就是句子主语the stork。 现在分词(doing)放句首，常表示原因、伴随、时间，逻辑主语与句子主语一致。 e.g. tired,I went to bed early.感到很累，我很早就上床睡觉了。(表原因) a song,he walked into the classroom.他唱着歌走进了教室。(表伴随) the news,she was very happy.听到这个消息时，她很开心。(表时间) 考点7.The story takes place in one scene,the Yu Tai Teahouse,from the late Qing Dynasty to the 1940s. 故事发生在裕泰茶馆这一个场景中，时间从清朝末年一直延续到20世纪40年代。 (1)辨析take place,happen和break out 单词/短语 含义及用法 例句 take place “发生；举行”,指有计划、有安排地发生 The sports meeting will next week.运动会将于下周举行。 happen “发生”,指偶然、意外地发生 The accident on a rainy moming.事故发生在一个下雨的早晨。 break out “爆发”,指战争、火灾、疾病等突然发生 A big fire broke last night.昨晚发生了一场大火。 (2)scene ①n.地点，现场；场面；景象；景色 e.g.The police arrived at the crime quickly.警察很快到达了犯罪现场。 There is a moving in the movie.电影里有一个动人的场面。(有人或活动的具体场景) We were shocked by the terrible in front of us.我们被眼前可怕的景象震惊了。(眼前看到的具体画面) We saw a beautiful by the lake.我们在湖边看到了一幅美丽的景色。(局部可见的优美画面) ②scene近义词辨析 单词 含义及用法 例句 scene n.地点，现场；场面；景象；景色常用搭配：at the scene在现场 Firefighters were on the immediately.消防队立刻赶到现场。 view n.风景；视野(侧重从某一角度看到的远景、视野),常用搭配：a view from...从……看到的景色 We can enjoy a beautiful from the hilltop.我们能从山顶欣赏到美丽的景色。 sight n.情景；景象；名胜(侧重眼前看到的景象，可褒可贬) 复数sights指“名胜”,常用搭配：visit the sights游览名胜 The sunrise is a wonderful .日出是一道美妙的景象。 scenery n.风景；自然风光(不可数名词，侧重一个地区的整体自然风景，无复数) The in the countryside is very beautiful.乡下的自然风光非常美丽。 考点8.Today,Teahouse is not only one of Lao She's best works,but also a treasure in the history of modern Chinese dramas.如今，《茶馆》不仅是老舍最优秀的作品之一，更是中国现代话剧史上的瑰宝。 treasure n. (1)表“金银财宝；财富”(不可数) e.g.They are looking for hidden .他们在寻找隐藏的财宝。 (2)表“珍宝；珍品”(可数，复数treasures) e.g.The museum has many art .这家博物馆有许多艺术珍品。 (3)近义词辨析 treasure财宝；珍宝(具体，指贵重物品、珠宝)wealth财富(抽象，泛指金钱、资源) e.g.Health is better than .健康胜于财富。 考点9 .weak一词多义 (1)adj.懦弱的 e.g.Don't be in front of bad people.不要在坏人面前显得懦弱。 (2)adj.虚弱的 e.g.She was still after a long illness.久病之后她仍然很虚弱。 (3)adj.薄弱的 固定搭配：be weak in..在……方面薄弱 e.g.Many students are weak spelling.许多学生在拼写方面很薄弱。 (4)派生词 weakness n.虚弱；弱点；缺点 e.g.Math is his biggest .数学是他最大的弱点。 考点10.Literature,as an art form of language,often mirrors the society and the culture of its time.文学作为一种语言艺术形式，往往反映着其所处时代的社会与文化。 mirror (1)v.反映 e.g.This book the real life of teenagers.这本书反映了青少年的真实生活。 (2)n.镜子 e.g.She is looking at herself in the .她正在照镜子。 3.The old couple were very excited to find their favorite book again.这对老夫妇非常兴奋，又找到了他们最喜欢的书。 (1)n.夫妻 the couple作主语，谓语动词常用复数。 e.g.The couple live a quiet life.这对夫妇过着平静的生活。 (2)n.少数人/事物 固定搭配：a couple of+可数名词复数，表示“几个，两三个”。 e.g.I have a couple of things to do.我有几件事情要做。 考点11.It depends on whether the girl likes the drama or not.这取决于这个女孩是否喜欢这部剧。 depend v.决定于；依靠；依赖 (1)常见搭配： ①depend on/upon sth.取决于；依靠 e.g.Our trip on the weather.我们的旅行取决于天气。 We can depend him.我们可以依靠他。②It depends.看情况而定。 e.g.—Can you come?—It .——你能来吗?——看情况。 (2)派生词： ①dependent adj.依靠的；依赖的 搭配：be dependent on依靠 e.g.He is on his parents.他依赖父母。 ②independent adj.独立的 搭配：be independent of独立于 e.g.She is independent others.她不依赖别人。 ③dependence n.独立 e.g.We value .我们重视独立。 考点12.He is a funny and brave boy.他是一个有趣且勇敢的男孩。 funny adj. (1)核心义：有趣的；滑稽的；好笑的 e.g.The movie is very .这部电影非常有趣。 (2)拓展义：奇怪的；反常的 e.g.There is something about it.这件事有点奇怪。 (3)词性变换&易混辨析 fun n.乐趣；趣事adj.令人愉快的；好玩的 ①fun adj.侧重“令人愉快、好玩”,指“让人感到轻松快乐”,不强调“发笑”。 e.g.It's to play basketball with friends.和朋友们一起打篮球很有趣。 ②funny adj.侧重“好笑、滑稽”,指“能让人发笑”,也可表示“奇怪的”。 e.g.The clown is very .这个小丑非常滑稽好笑。 随堂训练 一、根据首字母及汉语提示补全句子 1. The play *Teahouse* i__________ (包括) more than 60 interesting characters. 2. Wang Lifa is the m__________ (经理) of the teahouse. 3. Master Chang shows great c__________ (关心) for others. 4. Qin Zhongyi d__________ (梦想) of building a better nation. 5. The play came out in the 1950s and it is still p__________ (受欢迎的) both at home and abroad. 二、用单词的正确形式填空 1. The play __________ (include) more than 60 interesting characters from all walks of life. 2. He gets along __________ (good) with people. 3. Life turns too difficult and Wang chooses __________ (end) his life. 4. Master Chang is a Manchurian. He shows great care for __________ (other). 5. The play came out in the 1950s and it is still popular both at home and __________ (abroad). 三、单项选择题 ( ) 1. The story takes place in one scene, the Yu Tai Teahouse, from the late Qing Dynasty ______ the 1940s. A. to   B. in   C. at ( ) 2. The play includes more than 60 interesting characters from all walks ______ life. A. in   B. of   C. for ( ) 3. He gets along well ______ people. A. to   B. with   C. for ( ) 4. He keeps the teahouse ______ in the changing times. A. run   B. running   C. ran ( ) 5. Life turns too difficult and Wang chooses ______ his life. A. end   B. to end   C. ending ( ) 6. Master Chang shows great care ______ others. A. to   B. for   C. with ( ) 7. He even helps ______ Wang Lifa when he has to make a living by selling vegetables. A. out   B. in   C. on ( ) 8. As for Qin Zhongyi, he dreams of building a better nation by opening factories and ______. A. bank   B. banks   C. banking ( ) 9. The play came ______ in the 1950s. A. out   B. in   C. on ( ) 10. Teahouse is not only one of Lao She's best works, but also a treasure in the history of modern Chinese ______. A. drama   B. dramas   C. dramatic 四、选词填空（从方框中选择合适的词填空，每词限用一次） includes manager care dreams popular 1. The play __________ more than 60 interesting characters. 2. The most important character is Wang Lifa, the __________ of the teahouse. 3. Master Chang shows great __________ for others. 4. Qin Zhongyi __________ of building a better nation. 5. The play is still __________ both at home and abroad. 五、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 故事发生在清末到20世纪40年代的一个场景——裕泰茶馆。 The story __________ __________ in one scene, the Yu Tai Teahouse, from the late Qing Dynasty to the 1940s. 2. 这部戏包括了来自各行各业60多个有趣的人物。 The play __________ more than 60 __________ characters from all walks of life. 3. 他和人们相处得很好。 He gets __________ well __________ people. 4. 常四爷对别人表现出极大的关心。 Master Chang shows great __________ __________ others. 5. 这部戏在20世纪50年代问世，至今在国内外仍然很受欢迎。 The play __________ __________ in the 1950s and it is still popular both at home and __________. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题16 Unit 12 The Wonderland of Literature （Preparing for the Topic&Exploring the Topic）精讲 Preparing for the Topic 知识清单 重点单词 名词 mouse (pl. mice)老鼠friendship友情；友谊wealth 财富；丰富；大量 动词 translate 翻译bully恐吓；伤害；胁迫 形容词 ugly丑陋的；难看的handsome 英俊的；有魅力的energetic 精力充沛的；充满活力的 重点短语 fairy tale 童话故事 make the best of a bad situation 在不利情况下尽力而为；善处逆境 translate.into.把...译成... Chinese classic novel 中国经典小说 grow into 逐渐变为，发展成，成长为（某种类型的人或事物） in many difficult situations 在许多艰难的情况下 go far(人)有远大前程 重点句子 1.The Merchant of Venice is a very popular drama by Shakespeare. Many people enjoy it because it shows what life was like in 16th-century Italy.《威尼斯商人》是莎士比亚创作的一部非常受欢迎的戏剧。许多人喜欢它,因为它展示了16世纪意大利的生活图景。 2. The story of The Lion and the Mouse is part of Aesop's fables. It tells us that everyone needs the help of others and that a kindness is never wasted.《狮子与老鼠》是伊索寓言中的一则故事。它告诉我们每个人都需要他人的帮助，善意永远不会被辜负。 3. The Ugly Duckling is one of Andersen's most famous fairy tales. It teaches us how we can make the best of a bad situation.《丑小鸭》是安徒生最著名的童话故事之一。它告诉我们如何在不利的情况下尽力而为。 4. Xu Yuanchong introduced Li Bai's poems to the world by translating them into English.许渊冲通过将李白的诗翻译成英文，把它们介绍给了全世界。 5. A Dream of Red Mansions is a great Chinese classic novel. Many people think it is beautiful because it tells a story about love and family.《红楼梦》是一部伟大的中_国经典小说。许多人因其讲述爱情和家族的故事而赞叹它的深刻之美。 6.He is a hero in the novel Journey to the West. It is one of the four great classics of Chinese literature.他是小说《西游记》中的英雄。《西游记》是中国四大名著之一 7. He fights against school bullying and grows into a strong man.他与校园欺凌作斗争成长为坚韧之人。 8. They make a great team in many difficult situations. 在重重困境中，他们铸就了无懈可击的团队。 9. We can learn that one can't go far without friendship and teamwork. 我们由此明白，失去友谊与协作,人终将难行远。 课文重点解析 考点1.Xu Yuanchong introduced Li Bai's poems to the world by translating them into English.许渊冲通过将李白的诗翻译成英语，把它们介绍给了全世界。 translate v.翻译 (1)固定搭配：translate...into...把……翻译成…… e.g.Please translate this sentence into English.请把这个句子翻译成英语。 同义短语：put...into...把……翻译成……e.g.Put this sentence into Chinese.把这个句子译成中文。 (2)词性转换 ①translation n.翻译；译文 e.g.This is a good translation.这是一篇不错的译文。 ②translator n.翻译员；翻译家 e.g.He is a great translator.他是一位优秀的翻译家。 考点2.The language is clear and easy to understand,and the translation is just as beautiful.语言清晰易懂，而且译文也同样优美。 just as (1)just as+形容词/副词+(as+比较对象)和……一样 e.g.This book is just as interesting as that one.这本书和那本一样有趣。 (2)just as+完整句子正如……那样 e.g.Do just as I tell you.照我告诉你的那样去做。 (3)Just as+句子，主句正当……的时候 e.g.Just as I got home,it began to rain.正当我到家时，天开始下雨。 考点3.Jia Baoyu doesn't care about power or wealth.贾宝玉不关心权力和财富。 wealth n.财富；丰富；大量 (1)表“财富；钱财”(不可数名词) e.g.Health is better than wealth.健康胜于财富。 (2)表“大量；丰富” 固定搭配：a wealth of大量的；丰富的 e.g.There is a wealth of information on the internet.网上有大量信息。 (3)词性转换 wealthy adj.富有的；富裕的 e.g.He is a wealthy man.他是一个富有的人。 考点4 I think he is very brave,and he is pretty handsome,too.我觉得他非常勇敢，而且也很帅气。 handsome adj.英俊的；有魅力的近义词辨析 单词 含义及用法 例句 handsome adj.英俊的(形容男子) My uncle is very handsome.我叔叔很英俊。 good-looking adj.好看的(男女通用) She is a good-looking girl.她是个好看的女孩。 beautiful adj.美丽的(形容女子、景物) She is a beautiful woman.她是一位美丽的女士。 pretty adj.漂亮的(形容女子、小孩、花草) The little girl is pretty.这个小女孩很漂亮。 考点5 He fights against school bullying and grows into a strong man.他反对校园霸凌，成长为一个坚强的人。 辨析grow into,grow up和grow 短语/单词 含义及用法 例句 grow into “成长为、变成”;接人/身份/状态名词 He grows into a strong boy.他成长为一个坚强的男孩。 grow up “长大、成年”;专指人成长，不直接接宾语 I want to be a teacher when I grow up.我长大后想当一名老师。 grow “生长、变得、种植”;接形容词/名词 The flowers grow well.这些花长得很好。 随堂训练 一、用单词的正确形式填空 1. Sun Wukong is a hero in the novel *Journey to the West*. It is one of the four great __________ (classic) of Chinese literature. 2. He is very brave, and he is pretty __________ (handsome), too. 3. He fights against school __________ (bully) and grows into a strong man. 4. I like Sun Wukong because he is __________ (power) and energetic. 5. We can learn that one can't go far without __________ (friend) and teamwork. 1. classics 2. handsome 3. bullying 4. powerful 5. friendship 二、单项选择题 ( ) 1. Sun Wukong is a hero in the novel *Journey to the West*. It is one of the four great ______ of Chinese literature. A. classic   B. classics   C. classical ( ) 2. I think he is very brave, and he is pretty ______, too. A. handsome   B. handsomely   C. handsomeness ( ) 3. He fights ______ school bullying and grows into a strong man. A. for   B. against   C. with ( ) 4. I like Sun Wukong because he is powerful and ______. A. energy   B. energize   C. energetic ( ) 5. Sun Wukong has great friends, ______. A. also   B. too   C. either ( ) 6. Zhu Bajie and Sha Wujing also help a lot ______ the journey. A. along   B. with   C. for ( ) 7. They make a great team in many difficult ______. A. situation   B. situations   C. situational ( ) 8. We can learn that one can't go far without friendship and ______. A. team   B. teaming   C. teamwork ( ) 9. What kind of literature ______ you like? A. does   B. do   C. are ( ) 10. I like fairy tales ______. A. a lot of   B. a lot   C. lots of 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. B 三、选词填空（从方框中选择合适的词填空，每词限用一次） powerful energetic brave handsome helpful 1. Sun Wukong is __________ and __________. 2. Harry Potter is __________ and __________. 3. Their friends are __________ in both stories. 1. powerful, energetic 2. brave, handsome 3. helpful 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 孙悟空是小说《西游记》中的英雄。 Sun Wukong is a __________ in the novel __________ __________ __________. 2. 我认为他非常勇敢，而且他也相当英俊。 I think he is very __________, and he is pretty __________, too. 3. 他打击校园欺凌，成长为一个坚强的人。 He fights __________ school __________ and grows into a strong man. 4. 我喜欢孙悟空，因为他强大而充满活力。 I like Sun Wukong because he is __________ and __________. 5. 没有友谊和团队合作，一个人走不远。 One can't go far without __________ and __________. 1. hero, Journey to the West 2. brave, handsome 3. against, bullying 4. powerful, energetic 5. friendship, teamwork Exploring the Topic 知识清单 重点单词 名词 fox狐；狐狸soup汤；羹neck(物体的)细长部分；颈部；脖子；颈 treasure财富；金银财宝；珠宝；珍宝couple夫妻；少数人（或事物）动词 动词 punish处罚；惩罚scare使害怕；恐惧depend决定于 副词 perhaps也许;可能 形容词 hungry饥饿的dead死的；失去生命的weak懦弱的；虚弱的；无力的 asleep睡着funny有趣的；滑稽的；好笑的 兼类词 mirror v.反映n.镜子 重点短语 go out(火或灯光)熄灭 invite sb.to sp.邀请某人到某地 leave for sp.动身前往某地 prevent sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 from all walks of life来自各行各业 in the changing times在时代变迁中 come out出版；发行；发表 at home and abroad国内外 the old couple老夫妇，老两口 Chinese poems中国诗歌 sit down坐着；坐下；就座 fall asleep入睡；睡着 the ending of....的结局 be worried about对...感到担心 prove oneself(向某人)展现，展示，证明（自己的实力） be on上演 Whether....or not是否... the leading role主角 depend on取决于 get into trouble陷入困境，惹上麻烦 重点句子 1.If she did not sell all the matches,her father would punish her.如果她不能卖掉所有的火柴，她父亲就会惩罚她。 2."Perhaps a burning match will warm me up,"she thought."会让我暖和起来”，她想。 3.Quickly,she lit three matches.她迅速点燃了三根火柴。 4.However,they disappeared when the light went out.然而，当火焰熄灭时，它们就消失了。 5.The next morning,people found the girl lying against the wall,dead.第二天早晨，人们发现女孩倚靠在墙边，死了。 6.Feeling hungry and angry,the stork left for home.鹳又饿又怒，飞回了家。 7.The fox's small mouth prevented him from eating anything,while the stork enjoyed the meal easily by using his long beak.长喙轻松享用了这顿饭。 8.The play includes more than 60 interesting characters from all walks of life.这部话剧塑造了60多个来自各行各业的有趣角色。 9.He gets along well with people and keeps the teahouse running in the changing times.他与人相处融洽，并在时代变迁中维持着茶馆的运营。 10.The play came out in the 1950s and it is still popular both at home and abroad.这部话剧于20世纪50年代问世，至今仍在国内外广受欢迎。 11.Today,Teahouse is not only one of Lao She's best works,but also a treasure in the history of modern Chinese dramas.如今，《茶馆》不仅是老舍先生最杰出的作品之一，也是中国现代戏剧史上的瑰宝。 12.It is amazing that the drama has only one scene but is still so interesting.令人大为惊奇的是，这部戏剧虽然只有一个场景，但却仍然如此有趣。 13.David is interested in Chinese poems.大卫对中国诗歌感兴趣。 14.The little match girl was so tired that she sat down in the corner and soon fell asleep.卖火柴的小女孩太累了，她在角落里坐下，很快就睡着了。 15.Tang Sanzang is often worried about Sun Wukong because Sun keeps on causing trouble.唐三藏经常担心孙悟空，因为孙悟空总是惹麻烦。 16.He wants to prove himself,so he goes on a long journey at sea and fights against a huge fish for 84 days.他想证明自己，于是他踏上了漫长的海上之旅，并与一条大鱼搏斗了84天。 17.Kangkang,a new play will be on in our school theater.康康，我们学校剧院要上演一部新的话剧。 18.I'm wondering whether you'd like to watch it or not.我想知道你是否想看。 19.It depends on whether the girl likes the drama or not.这取决于这个女孩是否喜欢这部戏剧。 20.Especially,they are curious about why he often gets into trouble and how he manages to get out of it.他们尤其好奇他为何经常陷入困境又如何摆脱困境。 21.They can also travel back in time and get a picture of the American life of that time.他们还可以回到过去，从而了解那个时代美国的生活。 课文重点解析 考点1.How she wanted to leave the place and go home!她多想要离开这个地方回家去! (1)how引导的感叹句 ①How+主语+谓语(+宾语)!(表情感/程度) e.g.How I miss you!我多想你啊! ②How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语! e.g.How fast he runs!他跑得真快! How beautiful the flower is!这花真美! ③How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语! e.g.How clever a boy he is!他是个多聪明的男孩! (2)What引导的感叹句(修饰名词) ①What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语! e.g.What a clever boy he is!他真是个聪明的孩子啊! ②What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语! e.g.What beautiful flowers they are!它们是多么美丽的花朵啊! ③What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语! e.g.What fine weather it is!这天气真是好极了! 考点2.If she did not sell all the matches,her father would punish her.如果她没有把所有的火柴都卖掉，她父亲就会惩罚她。 (1)if ①if引导非真实条件句(虚拟语气) 基本结构：if从句用一般过去时，主句用would加动词原形。表示假设、不真实或与现在事实相反的情况。 e.g.If I had time,I would help you.如果我有时间，我就会帮你。 ②if/unless/as long as引导真实条件句 用法：这三个引导词都遵循主将从现原则。即主句用一般将来时(will)、情态动词或祈使句，从句用一般现在时。 e.g.If you study hard,you will get good grades.如果你努力学习，你就会取得好成绩。 Unless you get up early,you will miss the bus.(=If you don’t get up early,you will miss the bus.)除非你早起，否则你会错过公交车。 As long as you keep reading,you will improve your English.只要你坚持阅读，你的英语就会进步。 (2)punish v.处罚；惩罚 ①固定搭配： punish sb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事惩罚某人 e.g.The teacher punished him for lying.老师因他撒谎而惩罚了他。 ②被动结构： be punished for(doing)sth.因(做)某事被惩罚 e.g.He was punished for breaking the rules.他因违反规定而受到惩罚。③词性转换punishment n.惩罚 e.g.The punishment was fair.这个惩罚是公平的。 考点3.Perhaps a burning match will warm me up.或许一根燃烧的火柴能让我暖和起来。 perhaps adv.也许；可能近义辨析 单词 含义及用法 例句 perhaps adv.也许，可能性中等；较正式，常放句首 Perhaps you are right.也许你是对的。 maybe adv.也许，可能性中等；口语常用，常放句首 Maybe he will come.也许他会来。 possible adj.可能的，可能性最小；修饰名词或用于It is possible that... It is possible to finish it.完成它是可能的。 probably adv.很可能，可能性最大；常放句中(be动词/助动词后，实义动词前) He will probably come.他很可能会来。 考点4.People found the girl lying against the wall,dead.人们发现女孩靠在墙角已经死了。 (1)句子结构：主语(People)+谓语(found)+宾语(the girl)+宾语补足语(lying against the wall,dead) (2)补足语解析 ①lying against the wall现在分词短语作宾语补足语，表示宾语当时正在进行的动作/状态。 e.g.I found him sleeping in the classroom.我发现他正在教室里睡觉。 ②dead形容词作宾语补足语，表示宾语的状态/结果。 e.g.They found the door open.他们发现门是开着的。 (3)against prep.靠着；倚着 e.g.He put the bike against the tree.他把自行车靠在树上。 考点5.One day,a fox invited a stork to his home for dinner.一天，一只狐狸邀请一只鹳到他家共进晚餐。 invite (1)v.邀请 ①invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事 e.g.They invite us to watch the movie.他们邀请我们去看电影。 ②invite sb.to+地点邀请某人去某地 e.g.She invites me to her birthday party.她邀请我参加她的生日派对。 ③be invited to do sth.被邀请做某事 e.g.I am invited to sing a song at the party.我被邀请在聚会上唱一首歌。 (2)invitation n.邀请；请柬 e.g.Thank you for your invitation.谢谢你的邀请。 考点6.Feeling hungry and angry,the stork left for home.又饿又气，鹳鸟动身回家了。 Feeling hungry and angry是现在分词短语作状语，表示主语当时的状态或心情。它的逻辑主语就是句子主语the stork。 现在分词(doing)放句首，常表示原因、伴随、时间，逻辑主语与句子主语一致。 e.g.Feeling tired,I went to bed early.感到很累，我很早就上床睡觉了。(表原因) Singing a song,he walked into the classroom.他唱着歌走进了教室。(表伴随) Hearing the news,she was very happy.听到这个消息时，她很开心。(表时间) 考点7.The story takes place in one scene,the Yu Tai Teahouse,from the late Qing Dynasty to the 1940s. 故事发生在裕泰茶馆这一个场景中，时间从清朝末年一直延续到20世纪40年代。 (1)辨析take place,happen和break out 单词/短语 含义及用法 例句 take place “发生；举行”,指有计划、有安排地发生 The sports meeting will take place next week.运动会将于下周举行。 happen “发生”,指偶然、意外地发生 The accident happened on a rainy moming.事故发生在一个下雨的早晨。 break out “爆发”,指战争、火灾、疾病等突然发生 A big fire broke out last night.昨晚发生了一场大火。 (2)scene ①n.地点，现场；场面；景象；景色 e.g.The police arrived at the crime scene quickly.警察很快到达了犯罪现场。 There is a moving scene in the movie.电影里有一个动人的场面。(有人或活动的具体场景) We were shocked by the terrible scene in front of us.我们被眼前可怕的景象震惊了。(眼前看到的具体画面) We saw a beautiful scene by the lake.我们在湖边看到了一幅美丽的景色。(局部可见的优美画面) ②scene近义词辨析 单词 含义及用法 例句 scene n.地点，现场；场面；景象；景色常用搭配：at the scene在现场 Firefighters were on the scene immediately.消防队立刻赶到现场。 view n.风景；视野(侧重从某一角度看到的远景、视野),常用搭配：a view from...从……看到的景色 We can enjoy a beautiful view from the hilltop.我们能从山顶欣赏到美丽的景色。 sight n.情景；景象；名胜(侧重眼前看到的景象，可褒可贬) 复数sights指“名胜”,常用搭配：visit the sights游览名胜 The sunrise is a wonderful sight.日出是一道美妙的景象。 scenery n.风景；自然风光(不可数名词，侧重一个地区的整体自然风景，无复数) The scenery in the countryside is very beautiful.乡下的自然风光非常美丽。 考点8.Today,Teahouse is not only one of Lao She's best works,but also a treasure in the history of modern Chinese dramas.如今，《茶馆》不仅是老舍最优秀的作品之一，更是中国现代话剧史上的瑰宝。 treasure n. (1)表“金银财宝；财富”(不可数) e.g.They are looking for hidden treasure.他们在寻找隐藏的财宝。 (2)表“珍宝；珍品”(可数，复数treasures) e.g.The museum has many art treasures.这家博物馆有许多艺术珍品。 (3)近义词辨析 treasure财宝；珍宝(具体，指贵重物品、珠宝)wealth财富(抽象，泛指金钱、资源) e.g.Health is better than wealth.健康胜于财富。 考点9 .weak一词多义 (1)adj.懦弱的 e.g.Don't be weak in front of bad people.不要在坏人面前显得懦弱。 (2)adj.虚弱的 e.g.She was still weak after a long illness.久病之后她仍然很虚弱。 (3)adj.薄弱的 固定搭配：be weak in..在……方面薄弱 e.g.Many students are weak in spelling.许多学生在拼写方面很薄弱。 (4)派生词 weakness n.虚弱；弱点；缺点 e.g.Math is his biggest weakness.数学是他最大的弱点。 考点10.Literature,as an art form of language,often mirrors the society and the culture of its time.文学作为一种语言艺术形式，往往反映着其所处时代的社会与文化。 mirror (1)v.反映 e.g.This book mirrors the real life of teenagers.这本书反映了青少年的真实生活。 (2)n.镜子 e.g.She is looking at herself in the miror.她正在照镜子。 3.The old couple were very excited to find their favorite book again.这对老夫妇非常兴奋，又找到了他们最喜欢的书。 (1)n.夫妻 the couple作主语，谓语动词常用复数。 e.g.The couple live a quiet life.这对夫妇过着平静的生活。 (2)n.少数人/事物 固定搭配：a couple of+可数名词复数，表示“几个，两三个”。 e.g.I have a couple of things to do.我有几件事情要做。 考点11.It depends on whether the girl likes the drama or not.这取决于这个女孩是否喜欢这部剧。 depend v.决定于；依靠；依赖 (1)常见搭配： ①depend on/upon sth.取决于；依靠 e.g.Our trip depends on the weather.我们的旅行取决于天气。 We can depend on him.我们可以依靠他。②It depends.看情况而定。 e.g.—Can you come?—It depends.——你能来吗?——看情况。 (2)派生词： ①dependent adj.依靠的；依赖的 搭配：be dependent on依靠 e.g.He is dependent on his parents.他依赖父母。 ②independent adj.独立的 搭配：be independent of独立于 e.g.She is independent of others.她不依赖别人。 ③dependence n.独立 e.g.We value independence.我们重视独立。 考点12.He is a funny and brave boy.他是一个有趣且勇敢的男孩。 funny adj. (1)核心义：有趣的；滑稽的；好笑的 e.g.The movie is very funny.这部电影非常有趣。 (2)拓展义：奇怪的；反常的 e.g.There is something funny aboutit.这件事有点奇怪。 (3)词性变换&易混辨析 fun n.乐趣；趣事adj.令人愉快的；好玩的 ①fun adj.侧重“令人愉快、好玩”,指“让人感到轻松快乐”,不强调“发笑”。 e.g.It's fun to play basketball with friends.和朋友们一起打篮球很有趣。 ②funny adj.侧重“好笑、滑稽”,指“能让人发笑”,也可表示“奇怪的”。 e.g.The clown is very funny.这个小丑非常滑稽好笑。 随堂训练 一、根据首字母及汉语提示补全句子 1. The play *Teahouse* i__________ (包括) more than 60 interesting characters. 2. Wang Lifa is the m__________ (经理) of the teahouse. 3. Master Chang shows great c__________ (关心) for others. 4. Qin Zhongyi d__________ (梦想) of building a better nation. 5. The play came out in the 1950s and it is still p__________ (受欢迎的) both at home and abroad. 1. includes 2. manager 3. care 4. dreams 5. popular 二、用单词的正确形式填空 1. The play __________ (include) more than 60 interesting characters from all walks of life. 2. He gets along __________ (good) with people. 3. Life turns too difficult and Wang chooses __________ (end) his life. 4. Master Chang is a Manchurian. He shows great care for __________ (other). 5. The play came out in the 1950s and it is still popular both at home and __________ (abroad). 1. includes 2. well 3. to end 4. others 5. abroad 三、单项选择题 ( ) 1. The story takes place in one scene, the Yu Tai Teahouse, from the late Qing Dynasty ______ the 1940s. A. to   B. in   C. at ( ) 2. The play includes more than 60 interesting characters from all walks ______ life. A. in   B. of   C. for ( ) 3. He gets along well ______ people. A. to   B. with   C. for ( ) 4. He keeps the teahouse ______ in the changing times. A. run   B. running   C. ran ( ) 5. Life turns too difficult and Wang chooses ______ his life. A. end   B. to end   C. ending ( ) 6. Master Chang shows great care ______ others. A. to   B. for   C. with ( ) 7. He even helps ______ Wang Lifa when he has to make a living by selling vegetables. A. out   B. in   C. on ( ) 8. As for Qin Zhongyi, he dreams of building a better nation by opening factories and ______. A. bank   B. banks   C. banking ( ) 9. The play came ______ in the 1950s. A. out   B. in   C. on ( ) 10. Teahouse is not only one of Lao She's best works, but also a treasure in the history of modern Chinese ______. A. drama   B. dramas   C. dramatic 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. B 四、选词填空（从方框中选择合适的词填空，每词限用一次） includes manager care dreams popular 1. The play __________ more than 60 interesting characters. 2. The most important character is Wang Lifa, the __________ of the teahouse. 3. Master Chang shows great __________ for others. 4. Qin Zhongyi __________ of building a better nation. 5. The play is still __________ both at home and abroad. 1. includes 2. manager 3. care 4. dreams 5. popular 五、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 故事发生在清末到20世纪40年代的一个场景——裕泰茶馆。 The story __________ __________ in one scene, the Yu Tai Teahouse, from the late Qing Dynasty to the 1940s. 2. 这部戏包括了来自各行各业60多个有趣的人物。 The play __________ more than 60 __________ characters from all walks of life. 3. 他和人们相处得很好。 He gets __________ well __________ people. 4. 常四爷对别人表现出极大的关心。 Master Chang shows great __________ __________ others. 5. 这部戏在20世纪50年代问世，至今在国内外仍然很受欢迎。 The play __________ __________ in the 1950s and it is still popular both at home and __________. 1. takes place 2. includes, interesting 3. along, with 4. care for 5. came out, abroad 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $