精品解析：陕西西安市碑林区西安高级中2026届高三下学期模拟预测英语试题(五)

西安高级中学2026届模拟预测英语试题（五） 注意事项： 1．本试题共10页，满分150分，时间120分钟。 2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级和准考证号填写在答题卡上。 3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1. Why is the professor late? A. He got stuck in traffic. B. He had a car problem. C. He forgot the time. 2. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Buy the jacket immediately. B. Wait for a bigger discount. C. Go to another store. 3. Where is the woman going? A. To a pharmacy. B. To a subway station. C. To a street market. 4. Why can't the woman go to the picnic? A. She is feeling unwell. B. She has to work. C. She has a family gathering. 5. What will the man do first? A. Call a repairman. B. Buy a new air conditioner. C. Check the machine himself. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. Why did the woman wash the man's sweater? A. It was dirty with coffee. B. It smelled bad. C. The man asked her to. 7. What happened to the man's white shirt? A. It got stained B. It became smaller. C. It was lost. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. Why did the man suggest Greece instead of Italy? A. The weather is better. B. The flights are cheaper. C. The woman prefers Greek food. 9. What is special about the hotels in Santorini according to the man? A. They are very cheap. B. They have great sunset views. C. They are near the Acropolis. 10. How long will the trip last? A. 7 days. B. 10 days. C. 2 weeks. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11. How long has the woman been coughing? A. For two days. B. For a week. C. For two weeks. 12. What is the woman's temperature in the evenings? A. Around 37.5 degrees. B. Around 38.5 degrees. C. Around 39.0 degrees. 13. What does the doctor suspect the woman has? A. A bad cold. B. Bronchitis. C. Pneumonia. 14. What does the doctor advise the woman to do? A. Stay in the hospital. B. Drink lots of water. C. Exercise more. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 15. Why is the man stressed? A. He failed his last exam. B. He hasn't started his essay. C. He doesn't like history. 16. What is the woman writing her essay about? A. The Industrial Revolution. B. Child labor laws. C. The internet and education. 17. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Ask for an extension. B. Focus on a specific aspect. C. Copy her topic. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. Where will the Science and Innovation Fair be held? A. In the library. B. In the Main Gymnasium. C. In the Student Union office. 19. What is the deadline for students to register? A. This Wednesday. B. Friday afternoon. C. May 15th. 20. What are volunteers needed to do? A. Judge the projects. B. Set up the booths. C. Invite the public. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Welcome to the Greenfield Community Autumn Festival! Get ready for a weekend of fun, food, and creativity! The annual Greenfield Community Autumn Festival is returning to Central Park on October 15th and 16th. This year, we have expanded our activities to offer something for everyone, from energetic toddlers to seasoned seniors. Event Highlights: 1. The Great Pumpkin Carve-Off Saturday, 10:00 AM - 1:00 PM Join us at the Main Pavilion for our famous pumpkin carving contest. Whether you are a professional artist or a beginner, all skill levels are welcome. Tools and safety guides will be provided. Prizes will be awarded for the “Most Creative,” “Spookiest,” and “Funniest” designs. Note: Pre-registration is required by October 10th. 2. Farm-to-Table Food Market Both Days, 11:00 AM - 5:00 PM Support local farmers and enjoy fresh, organic produce. Over 30 local vendors will be selling seasonal vegetables, homemade jams, and fresh honey. Don’t miss the “Taste of Greenfield” corner, where local chefs will be cooking live demonstrations using ingredients bought directly from the market. 3. Eco-Friendly Workshop Sunday, 2:00 PM - 4:00 PM In the Community Hall, learn how to turn old clothes into reusable shopping bags. This workshop aims to raise awareness about textile waste. Materials are free, but space is limited to 30 participants. First come, first served. Admission & Tickets: Entry to the festival grounds is free. However, tickets for the Pumpkin Carve-Off are $10 per person, which includes a medium-sized pumpkin. Children under 5 enter all paid events for free. For more information, please visit our official website or scan the QR code on this poster. 1. What is special about the “Great Pumpkin Carve-Off”? A. It is held on both days of the festival. B. It requires participants to bring their own tools. C. It is open to people with different carving skills. D. It focuses on cooking with seasonal vegetables. 2. What can visitors do at the “Farm-to-Table Food Market”? A. Buy tools for pumpkin carving. B. Watch chefs cook with local ingredients. C. Learn to make homemade jams. D. Participate in a cooking competition. 3. Which activity requires early arrival due to limited space? A. The Great Pumpkin Carve-Off. B. The Taste of Greenfield corner. C. The Eco-Friendly Workshop. D. The admission to Central Park. B For years, my life was measured in notifications. The moment I woke up, my hand would instinctively reach for my smartphone. Emails, social media updates, and news alerts dictated the rhythm of my day. I was constantly connected, yet I felt increasingly anxious and scattered. The breaking point came during a family dinner last month. I looked up to find my parents and sister engaged in a lively conversation, while I was busy scrolling through a feed of strangers’ vacation photos. I realized I was physically present but mentally absent. The next day, I decided to try a “digital detox.” The rules were simple: no screens after 8 PM and no phone during meals. The first two days were agonizing. I felt a phantom vibration in my pocket constantly. I found myself reaching for a device that wasn’t there. The silence in the evenings, once filled with the blue light of my screen, felt deafening. However, by the fourth day, something shifted. I started reading the novel that had been gathering dust on my nightstand. I actually listened to my sister’s stories about her college life. I noticed the way the sunlight hit the trees in the afternoon. Without the constant dopamine hits from likes and comments, my brain began to slow down. I am not suggesting we should abandon technology entirely. It is a powerful tool for work and connection. But this experiment taught me that we need to control our devices, not let them control us. Now, I still use my phone, but I have set boundaries. I’ve learned that the most high-definition moments in life happen when we look up from our screens and truly see the world around us. 4. What made the author decide to start a “digital detox”? A. The pressure from work emails. B. A realization during a family dinner. C. The advice from her sister. D. The boredom of scrolling through photos. 5. How did the author feel during the first two days of the detox? A. Relaxed and peaceful. B. Angry and frustrated. C. Uncomfortable and restless. D. Excited and energetic. 6. What positive change happened to the author by the fourth day? A. She finished writing a novel. B. She stopped using her phone completely. C. She became more attentive to real life. D. She started getting more likes on social media. 7. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To criticize the development of smartphone technology. B. To share a personal experience of reducing screen time. C. To explain the scientific reasons for phone addiction. D. To encourage people to spend more time with family. C When engineers struggle to design a quieter high-speed train, they often look to the sky. Specifically, they look at the kingfisher, a bird that can dive into water with barely a splash. This approach is called biomimicry — innovation inspired by nature. It is based on the idea that after 3.8 billion years of evolution, nature has already solved many of the problems we face today. One of the most famous examples of biomimicry is the Japanese Shinkansen bullet train. Originally, the train created a loud sonic boom when exiting tunnels due to air pressure build-up. An engineer, who was also a bird-watcher, redesigned the train’s nose to mimic the long, sharp beak of the kingfisher. This change not only eliminated the noise but also made the train 10% faster and 15% more energy-efficient. Another fascinating application is in architecture. The Eastgate Centre in Zimbabwe uses a cooling system inspired by termite mounds. Termites maintain a constant temperature inside their mounds despite the fluctuating heat outside by opening and closing a series of heating and cooling vents. Similarly, the Eastgate Centre uses natural convection currents to regulate temperature, using 90% less energy than conventional buildings of the same size. Biomimicry is not just about copying shapes; it is about understanding the principles behind them. As we face global challenges like climate change and resource depletion, looking to nature for sustainable solutions is becoming more critical. From Velcro, which was inspired by burrs sticking to a dog’s fur, to wind turbine blades modeled after whale fins, nature proves to be the ultimate research and development laboratory. 8. Why does the author mention the kingfisher in Paragraph 1? A. To explain how birds catch fish in the water. B. To introduce the concept of biomimicry. C. To describe the habitat of the kingfisher. D. To compare birds with high-speed trains. 9. What was the result of redesigning the Shinkansen train? A. It became quieter and more efficient. B. It could carry more passengers. C. It became slower but safer. D. It eliminated the need for tunnels. 10. How does the Eastgate Centre save energy? A. By using solar panels on the roof. B. By copying the termite’s method of temperature control. C. By planting trees around the building. D. By using materials from termite mounds. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards biomimicry? A. Skeptical. B. Indifferent. C. Critical. D. Positive. D For much of the 20th century, nostalgia was dismissed by the medical community as a neurological disorder, a form of melancholia akin to depression. However, contemporary neuroscientific research has radically redefined this emotion, revealing it as a complex psychological resource that plays a crucial role in maintaining mental well-being and cognitive continuity. Modern studies utilizing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have pinpointed the neural correlates of nostalgia. When individuals recall nostalgic memories, there is marked activation in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a region associated with self-reflection and autobiographical memory retrieval. Simultaneously, the brain’s reward system, specifically the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area, releases dopamine. This neurochemical reaction suggests that nostalgia is not merely a passive reflection on the past, but an active mechanism that generates positive affect to counteract present distress. One of the most profound functions of nostalgia is its ability to bolster one’s sense of “self-continuity.” Life is replete with disruptive transitions — moving to a new city, changing careers, or losing a loved one — that can fragment our identity. Nostalgia acts as a psychological buffer, bridging the gap between our past and present selves. By revisiting cherished memories, individuals reaffirm their core values and narrative identity, thereby reducing existential anxiety. Research indicates that individuals primed with nostalgic reflections demonstrate greater optimism about the future and higher resilience against stress. Furthermore, nostalgia serves a vital social function. It is inherently social; nostalgic narratives almost invariably involve significant others — family, friends, or pivotal life events shared with peers. This recollection triggers the release of oxytocin, often dubbed the “bonding hormone,” which enhances feelings of empathy and trust. Consequently, nostalgia can alleviate loneliness by fostering a sense of social connectedness, even when one is physically isolated. It reminds us that we are embedded in a web of meaningful relationships that transcend time. However, the mechanism is not without its nuances. While adaptive nostalgia promotes psychological health, excessive rumination on an idealized past can lead to maladaptive behaviors, preventing individuals from engaging with current realities. The key lies in the brain’s ability to integrate these memories constructively. As neuroscientists continue to map the intricate pathways of memory and emotion, it becomes increasingly clear that looking backward is often the most effective way for the human brain to propel itself forward. 12. According to the passage, how has the perception of nostalgia changed over time? A. It was once considered a physical illness but is now seen as a neurological disorder. B. It was previously viewed as a mental weakness but is now recognized as a psychological asset. C. It has always been regarded as a sign of depression and melancholia. D. It was thought to be beneficial in the past but is now considered harmful to mental health. 13. What can be inferred about the role of dopamine in nostalgic experiences? A. It is responsible for the fragmentation of identity during stressful transitions. B. It causes individuals to lose touch with their autobiographical memories. C. It contributes to the positive emotional response generated by recalling the past. D. It inhibits the activity of the medial prefrontal cortex during self-reflection. 14. The author mentions “self-continuity” in Paragraph 3 to explain ______. A. how nostalgia helps maintain a stable sense of identity amidst life changes B. why people tend to forget their past when they move to new cities C. the biological process of memory retrieval in the human brain D. the difference between existential anxiety and general stress 15. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage? A. Nostalgia is a double-edged sword that primarily causes people to dwell on the past and ignore the present. B. The release of oxytocin is the sole reason why nostalgia is effective in treating social isolation and loneliness. C. Neuroscience reveals that nostalgia is a complex, adaptive mechanism that benefits mental health and social connection. D. Functional magnetic resonance imaging has proven that nostalgia is identical to the brain’s reward system. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In an era dominated by 15-second video clips and algorithmic news feeds, the art of deep reading is facing an unprecedented crisis. We are becoming efficient scanners, adept at skimming for keywords, yet we are losing the capacity for “cognitive patience” — the ability to engage with complex texts for extended periods. This shift is not merely a change in habit; it is a fundamental alteration of our neural circuitry. ___16___ The human brain is not hardwired for reading; unlike spoken language, reading is an acquired skill that requires the brain to forge new connections. When we read deeply, we engage in a sophisticated process of inference, critical analysis, and empathy. We step into the shoes of characters and navigate intricate arguments. ___17___ Without this immersion, our ability to understand nuanced perspectives diminishes. The danger lies in what neuroscientists call “cognitive atrophy.” If we consistently opt for bite-sized information, the neural pathways required for deep comprehension may weaken. ___18___ We might find ourselves unable to follow a complex novel or a dense academic paper, not because we lack intelligence, but because our brains have adapted to a diet of intellectual fast food. However, reclaiming our ability to read deeply is entirely possible. It requires a conscious effort to disconnect from digital distractions and immerse oneself in long-form content. ___19___ It is about training the mind to resist the urge to click away and to find pleasure in the slow unraveling of a narrative or an argument. Ultimately, preserving the habit of deep reading is about preserving our humanity. It is the primary tool we have for cultivating a rich inner life and a critical mind. ___20___ If we allow this skill to perish, we risk becoming a society of superficial thinkers, easily swayed and incapable of deep reflection. A. This plasticity means that what we read and how we read shapes the very structure of our brains. B. Therefore, the decline of reading is actually a decline in our capacity for complex thought. C. Many people believe that technology has made information more accessible than ever before. D. This does not necessarily mean reading for hours on end, but rather reading with intent and focus. E. Such a loss would be irreversible, as the brain loses its ability to form new connections after a certain age. F. Instead of fostering a generation of critical thinkers, we risk raising a generation that skims the surface of reality. G. This deep engagement fosters empathy, allowing us to simulate the emotional lives of others within our own minds. 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 In the quiet, dust-moted corners of the British Museum, a silent battle is being waged against the relentless march of time. Here, the “restorers” work with a blend of scientific precision and artistic intuition. Their mission is not to make ancient artifacts look new, but to stabilize them, preserving the ____21____ of history for future generations. One such artifact is a fractured Roman vase, shattered into hundreds of pieces. To the untrained eye, it is a pile of____22____shards. To the restorer, it is a three-dimensional jigsaw puzzle waiting to be solved. The process begins with meticulous cleaning. Every speck of dirt must be removed, not with harsh chemicals, but with gentle solvents that respect the ____23____ material. The most challenging phase is the reassembly. The restorer must hold the fragile pieces together, often without adhesive at first, to understand the ____24____structure. It requires a steady hand and immense patience. A moment of ____25____ could result in irreversible damage. “You have to listen to the object,” says Elena, a senior conservator. “It tells you where it wants to go.” Once the structure is understood, a reversible adhesive is applied. The choice of glue is critical; it must be strong enough to hold the weight but ____26____ enough to be removed by future conservators who might have better technology. This principle of reversibility is the ____27____of modern conservation ethics. We do not impose our will on the past; we merely ____28____ it. There are gaps, of course — missing pieces that were lost centuries ago. In the past, restorers might have ____29____these gaps with new clay, trying to deceive the viewer. Today, the philosophy is different. Missing parts are filled with a neutral material, clearly ____30____from the original, so that the viewer can distinguish between the ancient craft and the modern repair. Honesty, in this profession, is ____31____. The work is slow, often taking months for a single object. It is not a job for those seeking ____32____ gratification. The reward is subtle. It comes in the quiet satisfaction of seeing a broken object become whole again, or in the knowledge that a piece of human heritage has been ____33____ from the jaws of oblivion. In a world that values speed and novelty, these restorers stand as guardians of ____34____. They remind us that while empires fall and civilizations crumble, the human touch — the fingerprint on the clay, the brushstroke on the canvas — can ____35____, if only we care enough to save it. 21. A. dignity B. weight C. length D. width 22. A. precious B. worthless C. decorative D. ancient 23. A. fragile B. rigid C. flexible D. solid 24. A. external B. internal C. original D. final 25. A. hesitation B. inspiration C. distraction D. determination 26. A. permanent B. soluble C. invisible D. durable 27. A. violation B. cornerstone C. outcome D. suspicion 28. A. facilitate B. dominate C. ignore D. evaluate 29. A. exposed B. bridged C. fabricated D. enlarged 30. A. inseparable B. indistinguishable C. distinguishable D. detachable 31. A. optional B. paramount C. subjective D. controversial 32. A. delayed B. spiritual C. immediate D. emotional 33. A. rescued B. isolated C. excluded D. erased 34. A. innovation B. efficiency C. profit D. permanence 35. A. fade B. endure C. vanish D. collapse 第二节 语法填空（共10 小题；每小题 1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The rapid evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has sparked a heated debate regarding its potential impact on human creativity. For decades, artistic expression was considered a uniquely human trait, immune to the logic of algorithms. However, the recent ____36____ (establish) of generative AI models has challenged this long-held assumption, forcing us to reconsider the very nature of creativity. Critics argue that AI merely mimics existing patterns, producing works that are ____37____ (fill) with derivative elements but lack genuine soul. They fear that an over-reliance on these tools might lead to a homogenization of culture, where ____38____ (season) trends dictate artistic output. Consequently, many artists approach this technology ____39____ (cautious), wary of being replaced by machines. Yet, a growing number of visionaries see AI not as a rival, but as a catalyst. They point out that the art world ____40____ (undergo) significant transformations before, from the invention of the camera to the rise of digital design. In this view, AI serves as a collaborator, handling the tedious aspects of creation and freeing humans to focus on conceptual innovation. What matters is not ____41____ (pass) judgment on the tool, but how we choose to wield it. Ultimately, the synergy between human intuition and machine efficiency holds immense promise. AI ____42____ (provide) the raw computational power, while humans provide the emotional depth and ethical framework. It is this partnership ____43____ will define the next Renaissance. By embracing ____44____ AI offers, we may discover that technology does not diminish our humanity, but rather ____45____ (offer) a new canvas for our imagination. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Chris在半年前被确诊患有癌症。经过漫长而痛苦的治疗，他最近终于康复出院了。请你给他写一封祝贺信，内容包括： 得知他康复的欣喜； 赞扬他在治疗期间的坚强与勇气； 祝愿他未来的生活。 注意： 写作词数应为80个左右； 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Leo and Sam had been inseparable since primary school, but high school brought changes. Leo, once a promising basketball player, started hanging out with a rough crowd, skipping practices and letting his grades slip. Sam, the class monitor, tried to talk sense into him, but Leo brushed him off, accusing Sam of being a “teacher’s pet” who didn’t understand real life. Their friendship hung by a thread. One afternoon, Mr. Henderson, their strict but fair math teacher, called Leo into his office. Leo walked in, expecting a lecture about his recent failing grade. Instead, Mr. Henderson slid a crumpled piece of paper across the desk. “I found this in the hallway. It has your name on it,” he said quietly. It was a sketch Leo had drawn — a detailed portrait of Sam looking disappointed. Leo felt a surge of anger. He assumed Sam had found the drawing, laughed at it, and handed it to Mr. Henderson to get him in more trouble. “He sent you this to mock me, didn’t he?” Leo snapped, grabbing the paper. “Fine. I’m done with him, and I’m done with this class.” He stormed out, leaving Mr. Henderson looking helpless. The next day at school, Leo avoided Sam completely. During the lunch break, Leo sat alone under a tree, tearing the sketch into tiny pieces. He felt a mix of betrayal and loneliness. Just then, Mr. Henderson approached him, not with a stern look, but with two ice creams. He sat down beside Leo. “You know, Leo,” the teacher started, “Sam didn’t give me that paper to get you in trouble. He found it on the floor and brought it to me because he was worried. He told me you’ve been drawing instead of sleeping, and that you look exhausted.” Leo froze, the ice cream melting in his hand. Mr. Henderson continued, “He didn’t want you to burn out. He misses his best friend.” The teacher pointed to the trash can where Leo had thrown the torn pieces. “Art is a gift, Leo. But destroying friendships over a misunderstanding is a waste. Sam is waiting for you on the court. He brought your old basketball.” 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Leo looked towards the basketball court, his heart pounding. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mr. Henderson watched them from a distance, a smile appearing on his face. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $null 西安高级中学2026届模拟预测英语试题（五） 注意事项： 1．本试题共10页，满分150分，时间120分钟。 2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级和准考证号填写在答题卡上。 3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1. Why is the professor late? A. He got stuck in traffic. B. He had a car problem. C. He forgot the time. 2. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Buy the jacket immediately. B. Wait for a bigger discount. C. Go to another store. 3. Where is the woman going? A. To a pharmacy. B. To a subway station. C. To a street market. 4. Why can't the woman go to the picnic? A. She is feeling unwell. B. She has to work. C. She has a family gathering. 5. What will the man do first? A. Call a repairman. B. Buy a new air conditioner. C. Check the machine himself. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. Why did the woman wash the man's sweater? A. It was dirty with coffee. B. It smelled bad. C. The man asked her to. 7. What happened to the man's white shirt? A. It got stained B. It became smaller. C. It was lost. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. Why did the man suggest Greece instead of Italy? A. The weather is better. B. The flights are cheaper. C. The woman prefers Greek food. 9. What is special about the hotels in Santorini according to the man? A. They are very cheap. B. They have great sunset views. C. They are near the Acropolis. 10. How long will the trip last? A. 7 days. B. 10 days. C. 2 weeks. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11. How long has the woman been coughing? A. For two days. B. For a week. C. For two weeks. 12. What is the woman's temperature in the evenings? A. Around 37.5 degrees. B. Around 38.5 degrees. C. Around 39.0 degrees. 13. What does the doctor suspect the woman has? A. A bad cold. B. Bronchitis. C. Pneumonia. 14. What does the doctor advise the woman to do? A. Stay in the hospital. B. Drink lots of water. C. Exercise more. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 15. Why is the man stressed? A. He failed his last exam. B. He hasn't started his essay. C. He doesn't like history. 16. What is the woman writing her essay about? A. The Industrial Revolution. B. Child labor laws. C. The internet and education. 17. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Ask for an extension. B. Focus on a specific aspect. C. Copy her topic. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. Where will the Science and Innovation Fair be held? A. In the library. B. In the Main Gymnasium. C. In the Student Union office. 19. What is the deadline for students to register? A. This Wednesday. B. Friday afternoon. C. May 15th. 20. What are volunteers needed to do? A. Judge the projects. B. Set up the booths. C. Invite the public. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Welcome to the Greenfield Community Autumn Festival! Get ready for a weekend of fun, food, and creativity! The annual Greenfield Community Autumn Festival is returning to Central Park on October 15th and 16th. This year, we have expanded our activities to offer something for everyone, from energetic toddlers to seasoned seniors. Event Highlights: 1. The Great Pumpkin Carve-Off Saturday, 10:00 AM - 1:00 PM Join us at the Main Pavilion for our famous pumpkin carving contest. Whether you are a professional artist or a beginner, all skill levels are welcome. Tools and safety guides will be provided. Prizes will be awarded for the “Most Creative,” “Spookiest,” and “Funniest” designs. Note: Pre-registration is required by October 10th. 2. Farm-to-Table Food Market Both Days, 11:00 AM - 5:00 PM Support local farmers and enjoy fresh, organic produce. Over 30 local vendors will be selling seasonal vegetables, homemade jams, and fresh honey. Don’t miss the “Taste of Greenfield” corner, where local chefs will be cooking live demonstrations using ingredients bought directly from the market. 3. Eco-Friendly Workshop Sunday, 2:00 PM - 4:00 PM In the Community Hall, learn how to turn old clothes into reusable shopping bags. This workshop aims to raise awareness about textile waste. Materials are free, but space is limited to 30 participants. First come, first served. Admission & Tickets: Entry to the festival grounds is free. However, tickets for the Pumpkin Carve-Off are $10 per person, which includes a medium-sized pumpkin. Children under 5 enter all paid events for free. For more information, please visit our official website or scan the QR code on this poster. 1. What is special about the “Great Pumpkin Carve-Off”? A. It is held on both days of the festival. B. It requires participants to bring their own tools. C. It is open to people with different carving skills. D. It focuses on cooking with seasonal vegetables. 2. What can visitors do at the “Farm-to-Table Food Market”? A. Buy tools for pumpkin carving. B. Watch chefs cook with local ingredients. C. Learn to make homemade jams. D. Participate in a cooking competition. 3. Which activity requires early arrival due to limited space? A. The Great Pumpkin Carve-Off. B. The Taste of Greenfield corner. C. The Eco-Friendly Workshop. D. The admission to Central Park. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了格林菲尔德社区秋季节的活动安排、亮点及门票信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据1. The Great Pumpkin Carve-Off部分“Whether you are a professional artist or a beginner, all skill levels are welcome.(无论你是专业艺术家还是初学者，都欢迎各种技能水平的人参加。)”可知，“南瓜雕刻大赛”的特别之处在于它对不同雕刻技能的人开放。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据2. Farm-to-Table Food Market部分“Don’t miss the ‘Taste of Greenfield’ corner, where local chefs will be cooking live demonstrations using ingredients bought directly from the market.(不要错过“格林菲尔德之味”角落，当地的厨师将使用直接从市场购买的食材进行现场烹饪演示。)”可知，游客在“农场到餐桌食品市场”可以观看厨师用当地食材烹饪。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据3. Eco-Friendly Workshop部分“Materials are free, but space is limited to 30 participants. First come, first served.(材料免费，但名额有限，仅限30名参与者。先到先得。)”可知，由于名额有限，“环保工作坊”活动需要提前到达。 B For years, my life was measured in notifications. The moment I woke up, my hand would instinctively reach for my smartphone. Emails, social media updates, and news alerts dictated the rhythm of my day. I was constantly connected, yet I felt increasingly anxious and scattered. The breaking point came during a family dinner last month. I looked up to find my parents and sister engaged in a lively conversation, while I was busy scrolling through a feed of strangers’ vacation photos. I realized I was physically present but mentally absent. The next day, I decided to try a “digital detox.” The rules were simple: no screens after 8 PM and no phone during meals. The first two days were agonizing. I felt a phantom vibration in my pocket constantly. I found myself reaching for a device that wasn’t there. The silence in the evenings, once filled with the blue light of my screen, felt deafening. However, by the fourth day, something shifted. I started reading the novel that had been gathering dust on my nightstand. I actually listened to my sister’s stories about her college life. I noticed the way the sunlight hit the trees in the afternoon. Without the constant dopamine hits from likes and comments, my brain began to slow down. I am not suggesting we should abandon technology entirely. It is a powerful tool for work and connection. But this experiment taught me that we need to control our devices, not let them control us. Now, I still use my phone, but I have set boundaries. I’ve learned that the most high-definition moments in life happen when we look up from our screens and truly see the world around us. 4. What made the author decide to start a “digital detox”? A. The pressure from work emails. B. A realization during a family dinner. C. The advice from her sister. D. The boredom of scrolling through photos. 5. How did the author feel during the first two days of the detox? A. Relaxed and peaceful. B. Angry and frustrated. C. Uncomfortable and restless. D. Excited and energetic. 6. What positive change happened to the author by the fourth day? A. She finished writing a novel. B. She stopped using her phone completely. C. She became more attentive to real life. D. She started getting more likes on social media. 7. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To criticize the development of smartphone technology. B. To share a personal experience of reducing screen time. C. To explain the scientific reasons for phone addiction. D. To encourage people to spend more time with family. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】作者讲述自己戒掉夜间电子设备，摆脱手机束缚、拥抱真实生活的经历与感悟。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The breaking point came during a family dinner last month. I looked up to find my parents and sister engaged in a lively conversation, while I was busy scrolling through a feed of strangers’ vacation photos. I realized I was physically present but mentally absent.(转折点出现在上个月的一次家庭聚餐上。我抬头发现，父母和妹妹正热烈地交谈着，而我却忙着刷陌生人度假照片的动态。这时我才意识到，自己虽然人就在现场，思绪却早已神游天外)”以及第二段中“The next day, I decided to try a “digital detox.”(第二天，我决定尝试“数字排毒”)”可知，是家庭聚餐时的顿悟让作者决定开始“数字排毒”。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“The first two days were agonizing. I felt a phantom vibration in my pocket constantly. I found myself reaching for a device that wasn’t there. The silence in the evenings, once filled with the blue light of my screen, felt deafening.(头两天痛苦不堪。我总觉得口袋里有手机在震动。我发现自己伸手去拿一个不存在的设备。夜晚的寂静，曾经被屏幕的蓝光填满，现在却震耳欲聋)”可知，作者在排毒前两天感到不适和焦躁。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, by the fourth day, something shifted. I started reading the novel that had been gathering dust on my nightstand. I actually listened to my sister’s stories about her college life. I noticed the way the sunlight hit the trees in the afternoon.(然而，到了第四天，情况发生了变化。我开始读那本在我床头柜上积满灰尘的小说。我真的听了妹妹讲述她的大学生活。我注意到下午阳光照射在树上的方式)”可知，到第四天时，作者开始更关注现实生活。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But this experiment taught me that we need to control our devices, not let them control us. Now, I still use my phone, but I have set boundaries.(但这段经历让我明白，我们需要控制我们的设备，而不是让它们控制我们。现在，我仍然使用手机，但我已经设定了界限)”以及全文内容可知，文章通过个人经历分享了减少屏幕时间的心得。 C When engineers struggle to design a quieter high-speed train, they often look to the sky. Specifically, they look at the kingfisher, a bird that can dive into water with barely a splash. This approach is called biomimicry — innovation inspired by nature. It is based on the idea that after 3.8 billion years of evolution, nature has already solved many of the problems we face today. One of the most famous examples of biomimicry is the Japanese Shinkansen bullet train. Originally, the train created a loud sonic boom when exiting tunnels due to air pressure build-up. An engineer, who was also a bird-watcher, redesigned the train’s nose to mimic the long, sharp beak of the kingfisher. This change not only eliminated the noise but also made the train 10% faster and 15% more energy-efficient. Another fascinating application is in architecture. The Eastgate Centre in Zimbabwe uses a cooling system inspired by termite mounds. Termites maintain a constant temperature inside their mounds despite the fluctuating heat outside by opening and closing a series of heating and cooling vents. Similarly, the Eastgate Centre uses natural convection currents to regulate temperature, using 90% less energy than conventional buildings of the same size. Biomimicry is not just about copying shapes; it is about understanding the principles behind them. As we face global challenges like climate change and resource depletion, looking to nature for sustainable solutions is becoming more critical. From Velcro, which was inspired by burrs sticking to a dog’s fur, to wind turbine blades modeled after whale fins, nature proves to be the ultimate research and development laboratory. 8. Why does the author mention the kingfisher in Paragraph 1? A. To explain how birds catch fish in the water. B. To introduce the concept of biomimicry. C. To describe the habitat of the kingfisher. D. To compare birds with high-speed trains. 9. What was the result of redesigning the Shinkansen train? A. It became quieter and more efficient. B. It could carry more passengers. C. It became slower but safer. D. It eliminated the need for tunnels. 10. How does the Eastgate Centre save energy? A. By using solar panels on the roof. B. By copying the termite’s method of temperature control. C. By planting trees around the building. D. By using materials from termite mounds. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards biomimicry? A. Skeptical. B. Indifferent. C. Critical. D. Positive. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了仿生学的概念及其在工程和建筑领域的应用实例。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“This approach is called biomimicry — innovation inspired by nature. It is based on the idea that after 3.8 billion years of evolution, nature has already solved many of the problems we face today.(这种方法被称为仿生学——受自然启发的创新。它基于这样一种理念：经过38亿年的进化，自然已经解决了我们今天面临的许多问题)”可知，作者在第一段提到翠鸟是为了介绍仿生学的概念。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“This change not only eliminated the noise but also made the train 10% faster and 15% more energy-efficient.(这一改变不仅消除了噪音，还使火车速度提高了10%，能源效率提高了15%。)”可知，重新设计新干线列车的结果是它变得更安静、更高效。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The Eastgate Centre in Zimbabwe uses a cooling system inspired by termite mounds. Termites maintain a constant temperature inside their mounds despite the fluctuating heat outside by opening and closing a series of heating and cooling vents. Similarly, the Eastgate Centre uses natural convection currents to regulate temperature, using 90% less energy than conventional buildings of the same size.(津巴布韦的Eastgate Centre使用了一种受白蚁丘启发的冷却系统。白蚁通过打开和关闭一系列加热和冷却通风口来保持蚁丘内部的恒温，尽管外部热量波动。同样，Eastgate Centre利用自然对流来调节温度，比同等规模的传统建筑节省90%的能源)”可知，Eastgate Centre通过模仿白蚁的温度控制方法来节省能源。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As we face global challenges like climate change and resource depletion, looking to nature for sustainable solutions is becoming more critical. From Velcro, which was inspired by burrs sticking to a dog's fur, to wind turbine blades modeled after whale fins, nature proves to be the ultimate research and development laboratory.(当我们面临气候变化和资源枯竭等全球挑战时，从自然界寻找可持续解决方案变得越来越重要。从受狗毛上粘着的苍耳启发而发明的魔术贴，到模仿鲸鱼鳍的风力涡轮机叶片，大自然被证明是终极的研发实验室)”可知，作者对仿生学持积极态度。 D For much of the 20th century, nostalgia was dismissed by the medical community as a neurological disorder, a form of melancholia akin to depression. However, contemporary neuroscientific research has radically redefined this emotion, revealing it as a complex psychological resource that plays a crucial role in maintaining mental well-being and cognitive continuity. Modern studies utilizing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have pinpointed the neural correlates of nostalgia. When individuals recall nostalgic memories, there is marked activation in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a region associated with self-reflection and autobiographical memory retrieval. Simultaneously, the brain’s reward system, specifically the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area, releases dopamine. This neurochemical reaction suggests that nostalgia is not merely a passive reflection on the past, but an active mechanism that generates positive affect to counteract present distress. One of the most profound functions of nostalgia is its ability to bolster one’s sense of “self-continuity.” Life is replete with disruptive transitions — moving to a new city, changing careers, or losing a loved one — that can fragment our identity. Nostalgia acts as a psychological buffer, bridging the gap between our past and present selves. By revisiting cherished memories, individuals reaffirm their core values and narrative identity, thereby reducing existential anxiety. Research indicates that individuals primed with nostalgic reflections demonstrate greater optimism about the future and higher resilience against stress. Furthermore, nostalgia serves a vital social function. It is inherently social; nostalgic narratives almost invariably involve significant others — family, friends, or pivotal life events shared with peers. This recollection triggers the release of oxytocin, often dubbed the “bonding hormone,” which enhances feelings of empathy and trust. Consequently, nostalgia can alleviate loneliness by fostering a sense of social connectedness, even when one is physically isolated. It reminds us that we are embedded in a web of meaningful relationships that transcend time. However, the mechanism is not without its nuances. While adaptive nostalgia promotes psychological health, excessive rumination on an idealized past can lead to maladaptive behaviors, preventing individuals from engaging with current realities. The key lies in the brain’s ability to integrate these memories constructively. As neuroscientists continue to map the intricate pathways of memory and emotion, it becomes increasingly clear that looking backward is often the most effective way for the human brain to propel itself forward. 12. According to the passage, how has the perception of nostalgia changed over time? A. It was once considered a physical illness but is now seen as a neurological disorder. B. It was previously viewed as a mental weakness but is now recognized as a psychological asset. C. It has always been regarded as a sign of depression and melancholia. D. It was thought to be beneficial in the past but is now considered harmful to mental health. 13. What can be inferred about the role of dopamine in nostalgic experiences? A. It is responsible for the fragmentation of identity during stressful transitions. B. It causes individuals to lose touch with their autobiographical memories. C. It contributes to the positive emotional response generated by recalling the past. D. It inhibits the activity of the medial prefrontal cortex during self-reflection. 14. The author mentions “self-continuity” in Paragraph 3 to explain ______. A. how nostalgia helps maintain a stable sense of identity amidst life changes B. why people tend to forget their past when they move to new cities C. the biological process of memory retrieval in the human brain D. the difference between existential anxiety and general stress 15. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage? A. Nostalgia is a double-edged sword that primarily causes people to dwell on the past and ignore the present. B. The release of oxytocin is the sole reason why nostalgia is effective in treating social isolation and loneliness. C. Neuroscience reveals that nostalgia is a complex, adaptive mechanism that benefits mental health and social connection. D. Functional magnetic resonance imaging has proven that nostalgia is identical to the brain’s reward system. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲的是神经科学研究揭示，怀旧是一种复杂的适应性机制，不仅有益于心理健康和认知连续性，还能增强社会联系。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“For much of the 20th century, nostalgia was dismissed by the medical community as a neurological disorder, a form of melancholia akin to depression. However, contemporary neuroscientific research has radically redefined this emotion, revealing it as a complex psychological resource that plays a crucial role in maintaining mental well-being and cognitive continuity.(在20世纪的大部分时间里，医学界将怀旧视为一种神经紊乱，认为它是一种类似于抑郁症的忧郁情绪。然而，当代神经科学研究对这种情绪进行了彻底重新定义，揭示出怀旧是一种复杂的心理资源，在维持心理健康和认知连续性方面发挥着至关重要的作用。)”可知，怀旧以前被视为一种心理弱点，但现在被认为是一种心理优势。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Simultaneously, the brain’s reward system, specifically the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area, releases dopamine. This neurochemical reaction suggests that nostalgia is not merely a passive reflection on the past, but an active mechanism that generates positive affect to counteract present distress.(与此同时，大脑的奖赏系统，具体来说是黑质和腹侧被盖区，会释放多巴胺。这种神经化学反应表明，怀旧并非仅仅是对过去的被动反思，而是一种主动机制，能产生积极情绪以缓解当下的痛苦。)”可知，多巴胺有助于回忆过去所产生的积极情绪反应。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Life is replete with disruptive transitions—moving to a new city, changing careers, or losing a loved one — that can fragment our identity. Nostalgia acts as a psychological buffer, bridging the gap between our past and present selves. By revisiting cherished memories, individuals reaffirm their core values and narrative identity, thereby reducing existential anxiety.(生活中充满了破坏性的转变——搬到新城市、更换职业或失去亲人，这些都会使我们的身份认同变得支离破碎。怀旧则充当了一种心理缓冲，弥合了过去自我与当下自我之间的鸿沟。通过重温珍贵的记忆，个体能够重申自己的核心价值观和叙事身份，从而减少存在焦虑。)”可知，作者在第三段提到“自我连续性”是为了解释怀旧如何在生活变化中帮助维持稳定的身份认同。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“However, contemporary neuroscientific research has radically redefined this emotion, revealing it as a complex psychological resource that plays a crucial role in maintaining mental well-being and cognitive continuity.(然而，当代神经科学研究对这种情绪进行了彻底重新定义，揭示出怀旧是一种复杂的心理资源，在维持心理健康和认知连续性方面发挥着至关重要的作用。)”可知，本文主要讲的是神经科学研究揭示，怀旧是一种复杂的适应性机制，不仅有益于心理健康和认知连续性，还能增强社会联系，因此本文的主旨是C选项“Neuroscience reveals that nostalgia is a complex, adaptive mechanism that benefits mental health and social connection.(神经科学揭示，怀旧是一种复杂的、适应性的机制，有益于心理健康和社会联系。)” 第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In an era dominated by 15-second video clips and algorithmic news feeds, the art of deep reading is facing an unprecedented crisis. We are becoming efficient scanners, adept at skimming for keywords, yet we are losing the capacity for “cognitive patience” — the ability to engage with complex texts for extended periods. This shift is not merely a change in habit; it is a fundamental alteration of our neural circuitry. ___16___ The human brain is not hardwired for reading; unlike spoken language, reading is an acquired skill that requires the brain to forge new connections. When we read deeply, we engage in a sophisticated process of inference, critical analysis, and empathy. We step into the shoes of characters and navigate intricate arguments. ___17___ Without this immersion, our ability to understand nuanced perspectives diminishes. The danger lies in what neuroscientists call “cognitive atrophy.” If we consistently opt for bite-sized information, the neural pathways required for deep comprehension may weaken. ___18___ We might find ourselves unable to follow a complex novel or a dense academic paper, not because we lack intelligence, but because our brains have adapted to a diet of intellectual fast food. However, reclaiming our ability to read deeply is entirely possible. It requires a conscious effort to disconnect from digital distractions and immerse oneself in long-form content. ___19___ It is about training the mind to resist the urge to click away and to find pleasure in the slow unraveling of a narrative or an argument. Ultimately, preserving the habit of deep reading is about preserving our humanity. It is the primary tool we have for cultivating a rich inner life and a critical mind. ___20___ If we allow this skill to perish, we risk becoming a society of superficial thinkers, easily swayed and incapable of deep reflection. A. This plasticity means that what we read and how we read shapes the very structure of our brains. B. Therefore, the decline of reading is actually a decline in our capacity for complex thought. C. Many people believe that technology has made information more accessible than ever before. D. This does not necessarily mean reading for hours on end, but rather reading with intent and focus. E. Such a loss would be irreversible, as the brain loses its ability to form new connections after a certain age. F. Instead of fostering a generation of critical thinkers, we risk raising a generation that skims the surface of reality. G. This deep engagement fosters empathy, allowing us to simulate the emotional lives of others within our own minds. 【答案】16. A 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要论述了深度阅读面临的危机及其重要性，并呼吁人们重拾深度阅读习惯。 【16题详解】 上文“This shift is not merely a change in habit; it is a fundamental alteration of our neural circuitry.(这种转变不仅仅是习惯的改变，更是我们神经回路的根本改变)”说明阅读方式的转变对大脑神经回路有根本性影响。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明这种影响的具体表现。所以A项“这种可塑性意味着我们读什么以及如何读塑造了我们大脑的结构。”符合语境。A选项中的“This plasticity”与上文中的“a fundamental alteration of our neural circuitry”相呼应。 【17题详解】 上文“When we read deeply, we engage in a sophisticated process of inference, critical analysis, and empathy. We step into the shoes of characters and navigate intricate arguments.(当我们深入阅读时，我们会进行复杂的推理、批判性分析和共情。我们设身处地地扮演角色，驾驭复杂的论点)”说明深度阅读的过程。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明深度阅读带来的具体好处。所以G项“这种深入的参与促进了共情，使我们能够在自己的头脑中模拟他人的情感生活。”符合语境。G选项中的“This deep engagement”与上文中的“When we read deeply”相呼应。 【18题详解】 上文“If we consistently opt for bite-sized information, the neural pathways required for deep comprehension may weaken.(如果我们长期选择碎片化信息，深度理解所需的神经通路会弱化)”说明长期浅层阅读会弱化深度理解的神经通路。下文“We might find ourselves unable to follow a complex novel or a dense academic paper, not because we lack intelligence, but because our brains have adapted to a diet of intellectual fast food.(我们可能无法读懂复杂小说与学术文章，并非智力不足，而是大脑适配了碎片化快餐知识)”阐述神经退化带来的具体思维缺陷。空处承上启下，承接上文神经通路弱化的危害，引出下文人类思维浅层化的后果。所以F项“我们可能无法培养出善于思辨的一代人，只会造就流于表面认知现实的一代人”符合语境。 【19题详解】 上文“It requires a conscious effort to disconnect from digital distractions and immerse oneself in long-form content.(这需要有意识地远离数字干扰，沉浸在长篇内容中)”说明重拾深度阅读需要付出的努力。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明这种努力的具体表现。所以D项“这并不一定意味着要连续阅读数小时，而是要有意图、有重点地阅读。”符合语境。D选项中的“reading with intent and focus”与上文中的“immerse oneself in long-form content”相呼应。 【20题详解】 上文“It is the primary tool we have for cultivating a rich inner life and a critical mind.(深度阅读是丰富内心、培养批判性思维的主要方式)”点明深度阅读的重要价值。下文“If we allow this skill to perish, we risk becoming a society of superficial thinkers, easily swayed and incapable of deep reflection.(如果我们放任这项技能消失，社会或将充斥思维肤浅、缺乏深度思考的人)”阐述丧失深度阅读能力的严重后果。空处承上启下，为因果衔接关系，总结上文深度阅读的价值，铺垫下文思维浅层化的危害。所以B项“因此，阅读能力的衰退本质上是人类复杂思考能力的衰退”符合语境。 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 In the quiet, dust-moted corners of the British Museum, a silent battle is being waged against the relentless march of time. Here, the “restorers” work with a blend of scientific precision and artistic intuition. Their mission is not to make ancient artifacts look new, but to stabilize them, preserving the ____21____ of history for future generations. One such artifact is a fractured Roman vase, shattered into hundreds of pieces. To the untrained eye, it is a pile of____22____shards. To the restorer, it is a three-dimensional jigsaw puzzle waiting to be solved. The process begins with meticulous cleaning. Every speck of dirt must be removed, not with harsh chemicals, but with gentle solvents that respect the ____23____ material. The most challenging phase is the reassembly. The restorer must hold the fragile pieces together, often without adhesive at first, to understand the ____24____structure. It requires a steady hand and immense patience. A moment of ____25____ could result in irreversible damage. “You have to listen to the object,” says Elena, a senior conservator. “It tells you where it wants to go.” Once the structure is understood, a reversible adhesive is applied. The choice of glue is critical; it must be strong enough to hold the weight but ____26____ enough to be removed by future conservators who might have better technology. This principle of reversibility is the ____27____of modern conservation ethics. We do not impose our will on the past; we merely ____28____ it. There are gaps, of course — missing pieces that were lost centuries ago. In the past, restorers might have ____29____these gaps with new clay, trying to deceive the viewer. Today, the philosophy is different. Missing parts are filled with a neutral material, clearly ____30____from the original, so that the viewer can distinguish between the ancient craft and the modern repair. Honesty, in this profession, is ____31____. The work is slow, often taking months for a single object. It is not a job for those seeking ____32____ gratification. The reward is subtle. It comes in the quiet satisfaction of seeing a broken object become whole again, or in the knowledge that a piece of human heritage has been ____33____ from the jaws of oblivion. In a world that values speed and novelty, these restorers stand as guardians of ____34____. They remind us that while empires fall and civilizations crumble, the human touch — the fingerprint on the clay, the brushstroke on the canvas — can ____35____, if only we care enough to save it. 21. A. dignity B. weight C. length D. width 22. A. precious B. worthless C. decorative D. ancient 23. A. fragile B. rigid C. flexible D. solid 24. A. external B. internal C. original D. final 25. A. hesitation B. inspiration C. distraction D. determination 26. A. permanent B. soluble C. invisible D. durable 27. A. violation B. cornerstone C. outcome D. suspicion 28. A. facilitate B. dominate C. ignore D. evaluate 29. A. exposed B. bridged C. fabricated D. enlarged 30. A. inseparable B. indistinguishable C. distinguishable D. detachable 31. A. optional B. paramount C. subjective D. controversial 32. A. delayed B. spiritual C. immediate D. emotional 33. A. rescued B. isolated C. excluded D. erased 34. A. innovation B. efficiency C. profit D. permanence 35. A. fade B. endure C. vanish D. collapse 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍大英博物馆文物修复工作、修复原则以及文物修复的意义与价值。 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们的使命不是让古老的文物焕然一新，而是稳固文物，为后代留存历史的尊严。A. dignity尊严；B. weight重量；C. length长度；D. width宽度。根据前文“Their mission is not to make ancient artifacts look new, but to stabilize them”可知，修复文物是为了留存历史尊严。 【22题详解】 考查形容词。句意：对于没有受过训练的人来说，它是一堆毫无价值的碎片。A. precious珍贵的；B. worthless无价值的；C. decorative装饰性的；D. ancient古代的。根据前文“shattered into hundreds of pieces”可知，文物碎成很多片，对于没有受过训练的人来说，这些碎片是无价值的。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：每一粒灰尘都必须清除，不是用强力的化学物质，而是用温和的溶剂，以尊重脆弱的材料。A. fragile脆弱的；B. rigid僵硬的；C. flexible灵活的；D. solid坚固的。根据前文“not with harsh chemicals, but with gentle solvents”可知，文物材质脆弱，需要轻柔清洁。 【24题详解】 考查形容词。句意：修复师必须拼接易碎碎片，起初通常不使用胶水，以此摸清文物原本的结构。A. external外部的；B. internal内部的；C. original原本的；D. final最终的。根据前文“The most challenging phase is the reassembly”可知，重组文物需要还原其原本结构。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：这需要稳健的手法和极大的耐心，稍有分心就可能造成不可逆的损坏。A. hesitation犹豫；B. inspiration灵感；C. distraction分心；D. determination决心。根据前文“It requires a steady hand and immense patience”可知，修复文物时需要全神贯注，分心会导致不可逆转的损害。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：胶水的选择至关重要，既要足够牢固，又要具备可溶性，方便未来技术更先进的修复师拆除。A. permanent永久的；B. soluble可溶解的；C. invisible隐形的；D. durable耐用的。根据后文“enough to be removed by future conservators”可知，胶水要可溶，以便未来修复者去除。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：这种可逆性原则是现代文物保护伦理的基石。A. violation违反；B. cornerstone基石、基础；C. outcome结果；D. suspicion怀疑。根据前文“This principle of reversibility”可知，该原则是现代文物保护的核心基础。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：我们不将自身意志强加于历史，只是助力历史留存。A. facilitate促进，助力；B. dominate支配；C. ignore忽视；D. evaluate评估。根据前文“We do not impose our will on the past”可知，我们不把自己的意志强加给过去，只是促进它。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：过去，修复师可能会用新陶捏造缺损部分，试图蒙蔽观看的人。A. exposed暴露；B. bridged架桥；C. fabricated捏造，填补；D. enlarged扩大。根据后文“trying to deceive the viewer”可知，旧时修复师会人工捏造部件伪造文物原貌。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：缺失的部分会用中性材料填补，与原文物清晰可区分。A. inseparable不可分割的；B. indistinguishable难以区分的；C. distinguishable可区分的；D. detachable可拆卸的。根据后文“the viewer can distinguish between the ancient craft and the modern repair”可知，缺失的部分填充的材料要与原件明显不同，以便观众区分。 【31题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在这个行业中，坦诚真实至关重要。A. optional可选的；B. paramount至关重要的；C. subjective主观的；D. controversial有争议的。根据前文修复工作追求真实、不刻意造假的理念可知，真实性在该行业至关重要。 【32题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这份工作不适合追求即时满足感的人。A. delayed延迟的；B. spiritual精神的；C. immediate即时的；D. emotional情感的。根据前文“The work is slow, often taking months for a single object”可知，修复文物工作很慢，不是寻求即时满足感的工作。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：修复的成就感，源于见证破损文物重归完整，源于将人类文化遗产从湮灭边缘拯救回来。A. rescued拯救；B. isolated隔离；C. excluded排除；D. erased抹去。根据后文“from the jaws of oblivion”可知，修复工作拯救了濒危文化遗产。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：在推崇速度与新奇的时代，这些修复师是永恒之物的守护者。A. innovation创新；B. efficiency效率；C. profit利益；D. permanence永恒、恒久。根据后文“while empires fall and civilizations crumble”可知，修复师守护着恒久的人类文明。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：它们提醒我们，帝国覆灭、文明崩塌，但人类的匠心印记，只要我们用心守护，便能恒久留存。A. fade消退；B. endure持久、存续；C. vanish消失；D. collapse崩塌。根据后文“if only we care enough to save it”可知，只要我们足够关心去拯救它，人类的触感就能经受住时间的考验。 第二节 语法填空（共10 小题；每小题 1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The rapid evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has sparked a heated debate regarding its potential impact on human creativity. For decades, artistic expression was considered a uniquely human trait, immune to the logic of algorithms. However, the recent ____36____ (establish) of generative AI models has challenged this long-held assumption, forcing us to reconsider the very nature of creativity. Critics argue that AI merely mimics existing patterns, producing works that are ____37____ (fill) with derivative elements but lack genuine soul. They fear that an over-reliance on these tools might lead to a homogenization of culture, where ____38____ (season) trends dictate artistic output. Consequently, many artists approach this technology ____39____ (cautious), wary of being replaced by machines. Yet, a growing number of visionaries see AI not as a rival, but as a catalyst. They point out that the art world ____40____ (undergo) significant transformations before, from the invention of the camera to the rise of digital design. In this view, AI serves as a collaborator, handling the tedious aspects of creation and freeing humans to focus on conceptual innovation. What matters is not ____41____ (pass) judgment on the tool, but how we choose to wield it. Ultimately, the synergy between human intuition and machine efficiency holds immense promise. AI ____42____ (provide) the raw computational power, while humans provide the emotional depth and ethical framework. It is this partnership ____43____ will define the next Renaissance. By embracing ____44____ AI offers, we may discover that technology does not diminish our humanity, but rather ____45____ (offer) a new canvas for our imagination. 【答案】36. establishment 37. filled 38. seasonal 39. cautiously 40. has undergone 41. passing 42. provides 43. that 44. what 45. offers 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了人工智能对人类创造力的影响及人们对此的不同看法。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，最近生成式人工智能模型的建立挑战了这一长期以来的假设，迫使我们重新考虑创造力的本质。根据空前recent可知，空处需用名词establishment“建立”作主语。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：批评者认为，人工智能只是模仿现有的模式，制作出充满衍生元素但缺乏真正灵魂的作品。be filled with“充满……”，固定搭配，所以空处需用过去分词filled。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他们担心过度依赖这些工具可能会导致文化的同质化，在这种文化中，短暂的潮流决定艺术产出。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词trends，所以空处需用形容词seasonal“短暂的，季节性的”。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：因此，许多艺术家对这项技术持谨慎态度，担心被机器取代。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词approach，根据句意可知，此处表示“谨慎地”，所以空处需用副词cautiously。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：他们指出，艺术界以前也经历过重大变革，从相机的发明到数字设计的兴起。根据时间状语before可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态：have/has done，主语为art world，所以此处助动词需用has，undergo的过去分词为undergone。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：重要的不是对工具做出判断，而是我们如何选择使用它。空处需用非谓语动词作表语，根据句意可知，此处表示“对……做出判断”，所以空处需用动名词passing。 【42题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：人工智能提供原始的计算能力，而人类提供情感深度和道德框架。空处需用谓语动词，根据后文while humans provide可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语为AI，所以此处谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式provides。 【43题详解】 考查强调句。句意：正是这种伙伴关系将定义下一个文艺复兴。此处去掉It is和that，句子成分完整，所以此处是强调句型：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who(强调人时)…，此处强调的是主语this partnership，所以空处需用that。 【44题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：通过接受人工智能提供的东西，我们可能会发现，技术并没有削弱我们的人性，而是为我们的想象力提供了一个新的画布。空处需用连接词引导宾语从句，从句动词offers缺少宾语，表示具体的内容，所以空处需用连接代词what引导宾语从句。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：同上。空处需用谓语动词，根据前文does not diminish可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语为technology，所以此处谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式offers。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Chris在半年前被确诊患有癌症。经过漫长而痛苦的治疗，他最近终于康复出院了。请你给他写一封祝贺信，内容包括： 得知他康复的欣喜； 赞扬他在治疗期间的坚强与勇气； 祝愿他未来的生活。 注意： 写作词数应为80个左右； 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Chris, I was absolutely thrilled to hear the wonderful news that you have recovered from cancer and been discharged from the hospital! Knowing that you have finally overcome this terrible disease after months of painful treatment brings me great relief and joy. I want to express my deepest admiration for your incredible courage and perseverance during this challenging time. Your strength in the face of such adversity is truly inspiring. May your future life be filled with health, happiness, and sunshine. I am looking forward to seeing you back on your feet soon! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】题目要求考生给美国笔友Chris写一封祝贺信，祝贺他康复出院，赞扬他的坚强与勇气，并祝愿他未来生活。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动的：thrilled → excited 恢复：recover → restore 克服：overcome → conquer 坚持：perseverance → persistence 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I want to express my deepest admiration for your incredible courage and perseverance during this challenging time. 拓展句：I want to express my deepest admiration for the incredible courage and perseverance that you showed during this challenging time. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I was absolutely thrilled to hear the wonderful news that you have recovered from cancer and been discharged from the hospital!（运用了that引导的同位语从句） 【高分句型2】Knowing that you have finally overcome this terrible disease after months of painful treatment brings me great relief and joy.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Leo and Sam had been inseparable since primary school, but high school brought changes. Leo, once a promising basketball player, started hanging out with a rough crowd, skipping practices and letting his grades slip. Sam, the class monitor, tried to talk sense into him, but Leo brushed him off, accusing Sam of being a “teacher’s pet” who didn’t understand real life. Their friendship hung by a thread. One afternoon, Mr. Henderson, their strict but fair math teacher, called Leo into his office. Leo walked in, expecting a lecture about his recent failing grade. Instead, Mr. Henderson slid a crumpled piece of paper across the desk. “I found this in the hallway. It has your name on it,” he said quietly. It was a sketch Leo had drawn — a detailed portrait of Sam looking disappointed. Leo felt a surge of anger. He assumed Sam had found the drawing, laughed at it, and handed it to Mr. Henderson to get him in more trouble. “He sent you this to mock me, didn’t he?” Leo snapped, grabbing the paper. “Fine. I’m done with him, and I’m done with this class.” He stormed out, leaving Mr. Henderson looking helpless. The next day at school, Leo avoided Sam completely. During the lunch break, Leo sat alone under a tree, tearing the sketch into tiny pieces. He felt a mix of betrayal and loneliness. Just then, Mr. Henderson approached him, not with a stern look, but with two ice creams. He sat down beside Leo. “You know, Leo,” the teacher started, “Sam didn’t give me that paper to get you in trouble. He found it on the floor and brought it to me because he was worried. He told me you’ve been drawing instead of sleeping, and that you look exhausted.” Leo froze, the ice cream melting in his hand. Mr. Henderson continued, “He didn’t want you to burn out. He misses his best friend.” The teacher pointed to the trash can where Leo had thrown the torn pieces. “Art is a gift, Leo. But destroying friendships over a misunderstanding is a waste. Sam is waiting for you on the court. He brought your old basketball.” 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Leo looked towards the basketball court, his heart pounding. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mr. Henderson watched them from a distance, a smile appearing on his face. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: Leo looked towards the basketball court, his heart pounding. There stood Sam, bouncing the worn-out basketball rhythmically, his eyes scanning the crowd until they locked onto Leo’s. The anger that had fueled Leo moments ago evaporated, replaced by a wave of guilt and relief. Mr. Henderson was right; it was all a misunderstanding born of his own insecurity. Clutching the melting ice cream, Leo stood up and jogged towards the court. Seeing Leo approach, Sam stopped dribbling and offered a tentative, yet warm smile. “Thought you’d never show up,” Sam said, tossing the ball to him. Leo caught it, the familiar leather texture grounding him. “I’m sorry, man,” Leo choked out, his voice thick with emotion. “I messed up.” Sam just punched him lightly on the shoulder, “Forget it. Let’s play.” Paragraph 2: Mr. Henderson watched them from a distance, a smile appearing on his face. The sight of the two boys laughing and running across the court, sweat glistening under the afternoon sun, was far more rewarding than any perfect test score. He saw Leo pass the ball to Sam, who then set a screen for Leo to take a shot — a perfect display of their renewed teamwork and trust. The teacher knew that while he could teach them mathematics, life lessons about trust and forgiveness were best learned on the court. As the bell rang, signaling the end of the break, Mr. Henderson turned back to the classroom, content in the knowledge that he hadn’t just taught a student today; he had helped save a friendship. 【解析】 【导语】本文以Leo和Sam的友情为线索展开。Leo进入高中后结交不良朋友，与好友Sam产生隔阂。一次误会中，Leo以为Sam将他的画作交给老师羞辱他，后经老师解释才知Sam是出于关心，最终两人化解矛盾。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首可知，第一段可以描写Leo望向篮球场、看到Sam，内心怒气消散，心生愧疚释然，主动走向球场和好。 ②由第二段句首可知，第二段可描写老师目睹二人重归于好、并肩打球默契配合的画面，再抒发老师内心感慨，点明球场教会信任与宽恕的人生道理，收尾升华主题。 2.续写线索：望向篮球场 —— 怒气消散愧疚 —— 主动上前和解 —— 二人破冰打球 —— 老师远处观望 —— 感悟友谊成长 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①扫视人群：scan the crowd /look over the crowd /glance around the crowd ②小跑向球场：jog towards the court /run slowly to the playground ③投掷：toss/throw 情绪类 ①愤怒：anger/rage/fury ②满足：content/satisfied/pleased 【点睛】【高分句型1】The anger that had fueled Leo moments ago evaporated, replaced by a wave of guilt and relief. (运用了that引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】The teacher knew that while he could teach them mathematics, life lessons about trust and forgiveness were best learned on the court. (运用了that引导的宾语从句、while引导的让步状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $