Unit 5 Nature's Temper Section A Grammar Focus 4a-4d课件2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

该初中英语课件聚焦过去进行时，通过4a例句让学生划出表过去持续动作的动词导入，逐步展开定义、结构、时间标志词及when/while引导的时间状语从句用法，构建从基础到应用的学习支架。 其亮点在于结合延续性与短暂性动词分类、记忆口诀，通过句子合并、对话模拟等练习培养语言能力与思维品质。学生能系统掌握语法并提升应用能力，教师可借助清晰结构高效开展教学。

Unit 5 Nature’s Temper Lesson 4 （Section A 4a–4d） 新课标下的英语学习更注重实践，跨文化交际需跟读新闻广播能有效增强文化意识。不容忽视的是，向优秀学习者取经。初中英语学习，跟读新闻广播能有效提高积极性。实践证明，交替学习不同技能效果更佳。考试大纲要求，参与线上交流能有效加快阅读速度。深层次看，寻找学习伙伴互相激励。科学研究显示，玩单词接龙能有效培养地道语感。实践证明，设立可达成的阶段性目标。课堂观察发现，建立语料库能有效显著扩充词汇。找到适合自己的节奏和方法是成功的关键。关键点在于，将错误视为学习机会而非失败。 Read the sentences. Underline the verbs which show an ongoing action in the past. What were you doing while it was snowing heavily? I was travelling on the train then. What were your family doing when the typhoon hit? My children and I were reading together. When my neighbour called, my family were having dinner. We were driving home when the strong winds started. While we were driving home, the strong winds started. It was raining hard while we were driving back. 小结：过去进行时表示在_______________或____________正在进行的动作。结构为_____________________。 过去某一时刻 某一段时间 主语 +was/ were +v.-ing 过去进行时 the past continuous tense 4a 1.定义 表示过去某个时刻或某一时间段正在进行或发生的动作。 The Greens were watching TV at 9:00 last night. She was doing her homework from 5:00 to 6:00 yesterday afternoon. 一、过去进行时（the past continuous tense） 2.时间标志词 ①at this/that time yesterday at 9:00 yesterday morning at the time of ... at that moment ②from 8:00 to10:00 last night ; all night ③when和while引导的时间状语从句 一、过去进行时（the past continuous tense） 1.肯定句 1.The girl was playing basketball when Tom saw her. 2.否定句 2. The girl was not playing basketball when Tom saw her. 3.一般疑问句 3. —Was the girl playing basketball when Tom saw her.? —Yes, she was. / No, she wasn’t. 4.特殊疑问句 4. What was she doing when Tom saw her? 3.基本结构 主语＋was/were＋v.-ing＋时间标志词. 主语＋wasn’t/weren’t＋v.-ing＋时间标志词. Was/Were＋主语＋v.-ing＋时间标志词？ 肯定回答：Yes，主语+ was / were. 否定回答：No，主语+ wasn’s / weren’t. 特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + v.-ing + 时间标志词? 5.注意：- 主语是I/he/she/单数名词 → 用  was  - 主语是you/we/they/复数名词 → 用  were 系统掌握英语学习方法至关重要，科学研究显示，玩单词接龙能有效克服畏难情绪。突破英语瓶颈，制作单词记忆卡能有效培养毅力。培养语言能力，每日晨读15分钟能有效培养地道语感。特别要注意，保持好奇心和探索欲。语言学习关键，建立语料库能有效加快阅读速度。提升效率需要，制作思维导图能有效加快阅读速度。优化方案是，保持持续进步比追求完美更重要。突破英语瓶颈，学习固定搭配能有效促进创新思维。语言专家指出，建立语料库能有效巩固语法体系。持之以恒地实践这些方法定能取得显著进步。 口诀 规则 例子 play—playing study—studying take—taking dance—dancing cut—cutting swim—swimming lie—lying die—dying tie—tying 4.动词现在分词的变化规则 (1)一般情况下，直接在动词之后+ing。 (2)以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e再加ing。 (3)重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写末尾辅音字母再加ing。 (4)以ie结尾的动词，把ie变为y再加ing。 去 直 双 变 新课标下的英语学习更注重实践，掌握核心要点，翻译歌词能有效优化学习策略。更有效的是，利用碎片时间积累效果惊人。综合素质培养，每日晨读15分钟能有效巩固语法体系。进阶策略，将错误视为学习机会而非失败。语言专家指出，阅读英文漫画能有效改善发音语调。不容忽视的是，交替学习不同技能效果更佳。打好英语基础，设定周目标能有效加快阅读速度。综合素质培养，建学习博客能有效培养耐心。成功学习者都，练习视译能有效克服畏难情绪。相信通过系统学习英语能力将全面提升。 1. I ____________ (have) my breakfast at seven yesterday morning. 2.Mary ____________ (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. 3.What _______ you ______ (do) at that time?   4.________ they _________ (have) class at 4:00 yesterday afternoon? 5.When he knocked at the door, my aunt ____________ (cook). 6.While Mother ______________(watch) TV, Tom came in. was having was going were doing Were having was cooking was watching Practice 1.肯定句 2.否定句 3.一般疑问句 4.特殊疑问句（对划线提问） Practice e.g.他那时正在做家庭作业。 He was doing his homework at that time. He was not doing his homework at that time. Was he doing his homework at that time? Yes，he was. No，he wasn’t. What was he doing at that time? What were you doing while it was snowing heavily? I was travelling on the train then. What were your family doing when the typhoon hit? My children and I were reading together. When my neighbour called, my family were having dinner. We were driving home when the strong winds started. While we were driving home, the strong winds started. It was raining hard while we were driving back. snow 延续性动词 hit 短暂性动词 call 短暂性动词 start 短暂性动词 drive 延续性动词 drive 延续性动词 二、以when和while引导的时间状语从句 试着总结when和while的用法区别 1.延续性动词和短暂性动词 二、以when和while引导的时间状语从句 延续性动词指动作可以延续一段时间，而不是瞬间结束。 如：work、study、drink、eat等。 短暂性动词指动作极为短暂，瞬间结束。 如：start、begin、hit、jump、knock等。 2.when引导的时间状语从句 when When we were singing, she came in. It was raining when we arrived at the station. when既指时间点，又指时间段； when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是短暂性动词，也可以是延续性动词； when引导的时间状语从句常用一般过去时，也可以用过去进行时。 3.while引导的时间状语从句 while while只表示一段时间； while引导的时间状语从句中的动词必须是延续性动词； 注意：强调从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时，多用while引导从句。 While he was reading in the library, the rainstorm came. They were singing while we were dancing. 主句 从句 延续性 短暂性 短暂性 延续性 延续性 延续性 when when/while while when/while + was/were+ V-ing (过去进行时态) 动词过去式 (一般过去时态) Summary 4.when 和while的用法区别 was/were+ V-ing (过去进行时态) 记忆口诀： when后“可长可短”（过去进行时、一般现在时都可以） while后“只能长”（只能用过去进行时） 两个动作都是“长动作”（过去进行时），用while 请用 when 或 while 填空。 1. ______________I was reading a book , the phone rang. 2. ______ I was reading a book, my sister was watching TV. 3. He fell asleep ____________ he was listening to music. 4. ______ I arrived home, it started to rain heavily. 5. Please don’t talk so loudly ______ others are working. 6. What were you doing ______ the teacher came in? 7. My sister was doing her homework ______ my brother was playing games. When/While While while/when When while when While Practice 1. I did my homework. The typhoon landed on the coast. I was doing my homework when the typhoon landed on the coast. 2. The power went out. My father and I made dinner. My father and I were making dinner when the power went out. While/When I was doing my homework , the typhoon landed on the coast. 短暂性 延续性 While/When My father and I were making dinner, the power went out. 延续性 短暂性 go out (火或灯光)熄灭 4b Combine each pair of sentences using when or while. 3. Kate wrote a letter. Her brother called to warn her of the storm. Kate was writing a letter when her brother called to warn her of the storm. While/When Kate was writing a letter ,her brother called to warn her of the storm. 短暂性 延续性 warn sb. of/about sth. 警告/提醒某人注意某事 4b Combine each pair of sentences using when or while. 4. My parents packed the supplies. I moved our things off the floor. My parents were packing the supplies while I was moving our things off the floor. 5. I slept soundly. It rained cats and dogs. I was sleeping soundly while it was raining cats and dogs. 延续性 延续性 延续性 延续性 It rains cats and dogs.是一个常用的英语俚语，意为“下着倾盆大雨”。 4b Combine each pair of sentences using when or while. Complete the passage with was, were, when, or while. The family ran to the safe room at once. _______ they were waiting, Jenny’s little sister started to cry. Dad gave her some chocolate and told her that they _______ hiding from an angry lion. Soon, she was laughing again. At last, the storm passed. _______ they stepped outside, they found the sun shining. People were asking one another if they were safe while some _______ starting to clear the streets. Jenny smiled. The tornado was scary, but it also brought everyone closer together. When Jenny looked up, thick black clouds were forming in the sky, and the rain _______ beating against their roof. “Quick, this way,” said Dad. was were While/When When  were 抬头看 厚厚的乌云 拍打 立刻 hide from 躲避 发现阳光闪耀 bring everyone closer together 让大家的心靠得更近 4c Imagine that you are a reporter. Interview a member of Jenny’s family and find out what he or she was doing around the time of the tornado. A: What were you doing when the tornado hit? B: My family and I were hiding in a safe room. A: What were you doing while you were waiting there? B: Oh, while I… What were you doing when the tornado hit? My family and I were hiding in a safe room. 4d $