Unit 5 Nature's Temper Section B Vocabulary in Use 课件 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

Section B (2a~2c) Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 首页左侧的图片为各自主做的版本封面。 1 学习目标 1 2 3 能运用自然灾害类核心词汇及对应的动词搭配,自主造句描述自然灾害发生的场景,做到语法正确、表达清晰。 能辨析复合词构词逻辑,理解词义并完成选词填空。 能读懂有关火灾的语篇,梳理高温灾害事件脉络,同时准确使用单词的正确形式完成语篇填空。 Listen and guess The ground shakes. Buildings fall down. There’s strong wind and heavy rain. It comes from the sea. Big waves come from the ocean. It destroys everything. earthquake typhoon tsunami What disaster is it? 教师用肢体动作 + 简单描述引导学生猜词 What do we say when these disasters happen? Some words for natural disasters go together with certain verbs. earthquake 强调 “发生 / 侵袭”,可用 hit/rocked/happened/took place; typhoon 强调 “登陆 / 横扫”,可用 hit/landed/blew across; tsunami 强调 “席卷 / 到来”,可用 hit/came/swept through。 Let’s learn hit 作名词:碰撞/很火的人或物 Eg. The song is a hit. 这首歌很火。 作动词:击打,碰撞 Eg. The car hit a tree, but no one was hurt. rock 作名词:岩石/摇滚乐 Eg. He threw a rock into the river. 作动词:摇晃/震动/震惊 Eg. The explosion rocked the building. Let’s learn happen 表示“偶然发生”(最常见) Eg. A strange thing happened yesterday. 表示“(结果)发生”(某种情况出现) Eg. What happens if we miss the bus? take place 表示“发生”:多指会议、比赛、节日、变化等。 Eg. The meeting will take place next Monday. 表示“举行”:强调经过安排。 Eg. The wedding took place in a garden. Let’s learn sweep through 表示“迅速蔓延 / 席卷”,强调某事物像风扫过一样,快速传遍一个区域或群体。 Eg. The virus swept through the community.病毒在社区里迅速蔓延。 表示“扫视 / 环视”,指目光或光线快速、连续地移动。 Eg. Her eyes swept through the crowd.她的目光扫过人群。 blow across 字面义:风/气流“吹过”表面 Eg. A cold wind blew across the lake. 冷风吹过湖面。 比喻义:描述一种潮流、感觉或声音快速传开,但暗示来得快去得也快,不像 “sweep through” 那样席卷彻底。 Eg. A wave of relief blew across the crowd. 一阵如释重负的感觉掠过人群。 2a Use these collocations to make sentences. earthquake: hit / rocked / happened / took place An earthquake hit Japan yesterday. _ typhoon: hit / landed / blew across A typhoon landed at 9 o’clock last night. _ tsunami: hit / came / swept through The tsunami swept through the village. _ earthquake: hit / rocked / happened / took place An earthquake hit Japan yesterday. An earthquake rocked Japan yesterday. An earthquake happened in Japan yesterday. An earthquake took place in Japan yesterday. typhoon: hit / landed / blew across A typhoon landed at 9 o’clock last night. A typhoon hit the village at 9 o’clock last night. A typhoon blew across the village at 9 o’clock last night. tsunami: hit / came / swept through The tsunami swept through the village. The tsunami hit the village. The tsunami came to the village. 合成词 (Compound Words) 合成词是由两个或多个词组合在一起构成的新词。 一、复合名词 (Compound Nouns) classroom (class + room) 教室 bookstore (book + store) 书店 earthquake (earth + quake) 地震 toothbrush (tooth + brush) 牙刷 sunglasses (sun + glasses) 太阳镜 homework (home + work) 家庭作业 basketball (basket + ball) 篮球 firefighter (fire + fighter) 消防员 名词 + 名词: 形容词 + 名词: 动词 + 名词: blackboard (black + board) 黑板 highway (high + way) 公路 breakfast (break + fast) 早餐 washroom (wash + room) 洗手间 二、复合形容词 (Compound Adjectives) 形容词 + 名词 + -ed: 数词 + 名词: 副词 + 分词: good-looking (good + looking) 好看的 kind-hearted (kind + hearted) 好心的 five-year-old (five + year + old) 五岁的 ten-minute (ten + minute) 十分钟的 well-known (well + known) 著名的 hard-working (hard + working) 勤奋的 三、常见复合形容词 easy-going 随和的,long-term 长期的,full-time 全职的, world-famous 世界闻名的,left-handed 左撇子的 注意区别 分开写 vs 合起来写,含义不同: 合成词的意思通常是两个词意思的结合,但有时也会有特殊含义,需要特别记忆! black board = 黑色的木板 blackboard = 黑板 green house = 绿色的房子 greenhouse = 温室 sunflower 向日葵 aftershock 余震 mudslide 泥石流 self-centered 以自我为中心的 Guess the meaning of the following words. 2b Look at the compound words in the box. Do you know what they mean? landslide floodwater snowstorm manpower earthquake wildfire safeguard heartbeat snowstorm = snow (雪) + storm (风暴) 暴风雪 earthquake = earth (大地) + quake (震动) 地震 safeguard = safe (安全的) + guard (守卫) 保护;保障 floodwater = flood (洪水) + water (水) 洪水;涝水 landslide = land (陆地) + slide (滑动) 山体滑坡;塌方 manpower = man (人) + power (力量 / 人力) 人力;劳动力 wildfire = wild (野外的) + fire (火) 野火;山火 heartbeat = heart (心脏) + beat (跳动) 心跳;心跳声 2b landslide snowstorm earthquake safeguard floodwater manpower wildfire heartbeat 1. The rescue workers need more _ to clear the streets. 2. The family built strong roofs to _ their house from heavy storms. 3. The doctor listened to the man’s _ carefully. 4. During the storm, the _ nearly reached our windows. 5. People should avoid driving during a _ because it can be very difficult to see clearly on the roads. manpower safeguard heartbeat floodwater snowstorm avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 Complete the sentences using five of these words. 先看方框里的单词,读准音、记清词义; 不着急填空,先通读一遍,知道文章讲什么; 看空格,判断词性; 选词填空,注意变形; 填完后通读一遍,检查意思是否合理、语法是否正确。 v. 过去式 n. n. n. v. 过去式 v. 过去式 Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. 2c refuse drought warn hit safe wildfire In August 2022, China experienced a great heatwave. It caused _ in different parts of the country. The heatwave _ the southwestern city of Chongqing very hard. Large _ swept through the forests and mountains there. Over 5,000 firefighters, police, and volunteers all worked together to keep the people and their homes safe. They put out the fires, brought more than 1,500 people to_, and _ others to stay away from dangerous areas. It was very hard to fight the fires because of the high temperatures and changeable winds, but the rescue workers _ to give up. By the end of August, they managed to put out all the fires. hit drought wildfire safety warned refused stay away from 远离 give up 放弃 by the end of 到 结束时 put out 扑灭 work together to do sth 齐心协力做某事 manage to do sth 设法做成某事 Read the passage again and answer the following questions. When and where did the heatwave happen? What problems did the heatwave cause in China? Why was it very hard to fight the fires? Who worked together to fight the fires? What does “refused to give up” tell us about the rescue workers? What can we learn from the sentence “they managed to put out all the fires”? It tells us that with hard work and teamwork, people can overcome big difficulties. In August 2022, in China. It caused drought and large wildfires. Because of the high temperatures and changeable winds. Over 5,000 firefighters, police, and volunteers. It shows they were brave, determined and never gave up hope. rescue n. & v. 救援;营救 rescue team 救援队 1. The rescue workers need more manpower to clear the streets. 救援人员需要更多人力来清理街道。 e.g. Firefighters rescued a cat from the tree. 消防员从树上救下了一只猫。 When I forgot my wallet, my friend came to the rescue. 我忘带钱包时,朋友赶来救急. rescue sb. from... 从……中救出某人 come to one's rescue(前来营救某人) 2. Over 5,000 firefighters, police, and volunteers all worked together to keep the people and their homes safe. 超过5000名消防员、警察和志愿者齐心协力保护人民和他们的家园安全。 volunteer n. 志愿者;自告奋勇者 v. 自愿做;义务做 volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 volunteer as sth. 自愿充当... a volunteer group/team 志愿者团队 volunteer work/service 志愿工作/服务 e.g. My brother volunteered to help at the food bank. 我哥哥自愿去食物银行帮忙。 The volunteers worked day and night to fight the wildfire. 志愿者们日夜奋战扑灭野火。 She does volunteer work every Saturday morning. 她每个周六上午做志愿工作。 He volunteered as a tour guide at the museum. 他在博物馆当志愿导游 Homework Must-do 必做 Review the vocabularies and phrases. Choose-to-do 选做 Use the key words in this lesson to make your own sentences. $