6.3 Living History of Nature- Reading and Writing（课件）-《英语 基础模块3》(高教版 第三版）【上好课】

Unit6 Living History of Culture Language Practice 《英语 基础模块3》（高教版 第三版） 定语从句 非限定性定语从句 概述 非限定性定语从句对先行词或主句起补充说明的作用，即使删掉也不影响主句的语义完整性。非限定性定语从句与先行词或主句之间常用逗号隔开，that不引导非限定性定语从句。 Grammar class 非限定性定语从句 使用情况 关系代词指代整个主句的内容时 She said she had finished her work, which I doubted very much. 她说她已经完成工作了，我对此深感怀疑。 非限定性定语从句 使用情况 先行词指的是世界上独一无二的事物或专有名词时 We all honour and respect Albert Einstein, who is the greatest physicist in the world. 我们都敬重阿尔伯特.爱因斯坦，她是世界上最伟大的物理学家。 非限定性定语从句 先行词指的是某人唯一的某个亲戚时 My father, who is an excellent violinist, is giving a concert next month. 我爸爸是一名出色的小提琴手，他下个月准备开一场音乐会。 使用情况 非限定性定语从句 使用情况 当出现some/ many/ a few/ all/ most/ ... of which/ whom 等时 I have three teachers, two of whom are from Canada. 我有三个老师，其中两个来自加拿大。 非限定性定语从句 引导词 which, who, whom,和whose等关系代词引导的非限定性定语从句 His speech, which bored everyone, went on and on. 他的演讲使每个人都很烦，却还在继续。 He completed his college at fifteen, which I found hard to believe. 他15岁就大学毕业了，我觉得难以置信。 The Chairman, who spoke first, sat on my right. 主席第一个发言，他坐在我的右侧。 非限定性定语从句 which, who, whom,和whose等关系代词引导的非限定性定语从句 Mr. Lin, whom you met in our office yesterday, is an engineer. 林先生是一位工程师，你昨天在我们办公室见过他。 The manager, whose name is Ann, gave me a patient smile. 经理的女儿，安，给了我一个耐心的微笑。 引导词 注：在非限定性定语从句中，which既可以指代表示物的先行词，还可以指代整个主句内容。 非限定性定语从句 引导词 where 和when引导的非限定性定语从句 Many of us are going to settle in Canada, where the land is cheap. 我们当中许多人打算到加拿大定居，那里土地便宜。 I‘m seeing the manager tomorrow, when he will be back from New York. 明天我要去见经理，那时他会从纽约回来。 限定性定语从句VS非限定性 区别 限定性定语从句 非限定性定语从句 与先行词的关系 紧密 不紧密 有无逗号 其前不用逗号 其前用逗号 that的使用 可用 不可用 引导词引导词作宾语时是否省略 可省略 不可省略 读时是否停顿 不停顿 停顿，用降调 是否修饰句子 不可 可以修饰整句 翻译方式 按定语翻译 按并列句翻译 Ⅰ. 单项选择 ( ) 1.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ______ the weather may be better. A.that B. where C.which D. when ( ) 2. Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, ______ you can hear some lovely music. A.which B. that C.when D. where D D Ⅰ. 单项选择 ( ) 3.The books on the desk, ______ covers are shiny, are prizes for us. A.whose B. which C. what D. that ( ) 4. My neighbours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, ______ was very kind of them. A.who B. which C. that D. whom ( ) 5.My daughter brought with her four friends, all of ______ I have ever met before. A.which B. who C. whom D.that A B C Ⅱ.选择适当的引导词填空。 1.The sun, ________ had been hidden all day, now came out in its splendour. 2.We met a boy and a girl. The boy ,________ we asked, told us the way. 3.They went to London，________they lived for six months. which who where when whom which who where Ⅱ.选择适当的引导词填空。 4.Next month, ________ you’ll spend your summer holiday in your hometown, is approaching. 5.Jacky is our team leader, ________ we all show respect for. 6.She changed her mind, ________ made me very angry. which who where when whom when who which 请在课文中找出含who引导的定语从句的句子 All those who have contributed towards the gift will sign their names in a large album which will be sent to the headmaster’s home. Grammar 定语从句II He began to build his final resting place at the time when he was only 13 years old. It’s the place where I’ve always wanted to go. The sight of the Terracotta Army reminded me of my trip to Egypt, where I visited the Great Pyramid of Giza. Maybe that is the reason why it is listed as the wonder of nature. 15. Read and underline. 标出与语法框中斜体部分相同的句子结构。 1) I don’t know the reason why he didn’t come to the meeting yesterday. 2) Could you tell me where they are? 3) I was reading when the boy came into my room. 4) He will never forget the day when his father went to New York. 5) I grew up in the small village where I was born. 6) I don’t know why he didn’t come. 18 定语从句中只用who不用that的情况 先行词为指人的one, ones, everyone, anyone或those时 One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. 一个无所畏惧的人敢于说实话。 We don’t want anyone who can’t afford the tuition fee to drop out of school. 我们不想让任何交不起学费的人辍学。 Those who are not fit for their work should leave office at once. 不称职的人应该马上离职。 定语从句中只用who不用that的情况 先行词为表示人的集体名词且代表其中的成员时 The crew who were all asleep forgot to hoist a lantern. 已入睡的船员们全部忘了挂起提灯。 Now there are lots of people who are learning English by listening to the radio. 现在有许多人通过听广播学习英语。 定语从句中只用who不用that的情况 一个表示人的先行词后有两个定语从句时，第二个定语从句必须用who（不可省略） Mr. Smith is the only dealer I know who gives good price. 史密斯先生是我认识的出价合理的唯一商人。 The student that was praised at yesterday’s meeting is Jane who is very modest and works very hard. 昨天在会上受到表扬的学生是谦虚好学的简。 定语从句中只用who不用that的情况 There be 句型中，主语是指人的名词时 There is a girl who wants to see you. 有个女孩要见你。 There are many young men who are fanatical opponents of him. 许多年轻人使他的强烈反对者。 定语从句中只用who不用that的情况 先行词指人时，非限定性定语从句作主语，只能用who I met a friend of mine in the street, who had just come back from America. 我在街上遇见了我的一个朋友，他刚从美国回来。 My sister, who is studying abroad, sent me a beautiful present just before this Christmas. 我姐姐在国外读书，就在圣诞节前她给我寄来了一个漂亮的礼物。 Ⅰ. 单项选择 ( ) 1.Only those ______ knew well could be let in. A.who B. she C.did she D. that ( ) 2. This is the first time _______ I have met her. A.when B. that C.which D. on which ( ) 3.The farmer, ______ is very pessimistic, says that there will be no fruits this year. A.which B. that C. who D. whom A B C ( ) 4. The letter is from my sister, ______ is working in Beijing. A.which B. that C. whom D. who ( ) 5. You are the only person ______ I’ve ever met ______ could do it. A.who; / B. /; whom C.whom; / D./ ; who D D Ⅱ.选词填空。 Who, whom, that, which, as, when, whose, where 1, Happiness and success often come to see those ______ are good at recognizing their own strengths. 2.They went on well at first but eventually everything ______ they had worried about happened. 3.______ is known to everyone, playing computer games takes much time and energy. who that As Ⅱ.选词填空。 Who, whom, that, which, as, when, whose, where 4.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ________ lives were affected. 5.This was a time ______ the two countries were at war. 6.I feel honored to work with Mr. Li, ______ has good reputation in the business. whose when who as引导的非限定性定语从句： as在非限定性定语从句中的成分 as在定语从句中作主语 as在定语从句中作宾语 as在定语从句中作表语 as在定语从句中作主语： As was expected, he performed the task with success. 如前所料，他成功地完成了任务。 As has been said before, grammar is not a set of dead rules. 如前所述，语法不是一套死规则。 超链接操作：点击黄色购物车小房子图标，跳回到首页的知识点分布 as在定语从句中作宾语： The size of the audience, as we had expected, was well over twenty thousand. 正如我们所料的，听众的数量大大超过了2万人。 As all know, practice is the only yardstick of truth. 众所周知，实践是检验真理的唯一标准。 as在定语从句中作表语： He is again deeply absorbed in his work, as he often is. 他又埋头于工作了，他经常这样。 This problem is not easy to solve, as indeed it is. 这个问题不易解决，确实如此。 as与which引导的非限定性定语从句的区别： 在位置上：as引导的非限定性定语从句可以位于句首、句中或句末，而which引导的非限定性定语从句则不能置于句首。 As can be seen, oceans cover more than 70% of the earth. 正如我们所看到的，大洋占了地球的70%还多。 He, as you all remember, was a basketball player who played for the club. 正如你们所记得的，他曾经是这个俱乐部的一名篮球运动员。 Shanghai is a big city in China, as we all know. 众所周知，上海是中国的一个大城市。 The road was too slippery, which caused a lot of accidents. 路太滑，以至于引起了很多事故。 as与which引导的非限定性定语从句的区别： 在句法功能上：as常用作一些实义动词的宾语，如see, tell, say, know, hear, watch, remember, show, expect, guess等。which一般用作实义动词的主语，这时它所引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列、因果等关系。在从句中作定语或介词宾语时，只能用which。 There was a net bar around here, as I remember. 我记得这附近有家网吧。（as作remember的宾语） As we all expected, the plan turned out to be very successful. 正如我们做期望的，计划进行得很成功。 （as作expected的宾语） I bought my sister a big toy, which delighted her greatly. 我给妹妹买了一个大玩具，这使她非常高兴。 （which作delighted的主语，含因果关系 ） Recently I bought a second- hand car, the price of which was reasonable. 最近我买了一辆二手车，价钱很公道。 （which作介词of的宾语） as与which引导的非限定性定语从句的区别： 在意义上：as常意为“正如......”;which指前面主句所提及到的整件事时，常译为“这一点，这件事”等。 She is very patient, as is shown in her work. 她很有耐心，正如她在工作中所表现出来的一样。 He got “A” in all his examinations, which made his parents very proud of him. 在所有的考试中，他都得了A，这使得他的父母因他而感到骄傲。 Ⅰ. 单项选择 1.________ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting. A.What B. As C.Which D. That 2. ________ experience is the mother of wisdom, ________ is well know in many countries. A.A; that B. An; as C./; which D. The; which Ⅰ. 单项选择 3.Most of the students were late that morning, ________ annoyed the teacher. A.which B. what C. that D. as 4. I want to use the same dictionary, ________ was used yesterday. A.which B. who C. what D. as Ⅰ. 单项选择 5.________ is known to all, water is an important kind of natural resource. A.As B. Which C. Who D.When Ⅱ.用as/ which填空。 1.______ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month. 2.Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybody in the office. 3._______ is started in the introduction, our object is to meet the present need. As which As Ⅱ.用as/ which填空。 4.More and more people in the world, ______ we see, have come to realize the significance of pollution control. 5.The sun heats the earth, _______ makes it possible for plants to grow. 6.______ is well-known to everybody, Taiwan is an inseparable part of China. As which As 16. Read and match. 根据句意将左右两栏相匹配，组成完整的句子。 1) Protecting the nation was the reason ( ) 2) It was located in Qufu ( ) 3) This is the time ( ) 4) This is the office ( ) 5) I won’t forget the day ( ) A. when families get together for celebration. B. why the Great Wall was built. C. where Confucius (孔子) was born. D. where he used to work. E. why he was so angry. 6) He didn’t tell me the reason ( ) F. when I first stepped into this vocational school. 40 17. Discuss and complete. 小组讨论，根据自己的假日计划，用 where、when、why 完成句子。 1) We like to travel to places . 2) We prefer to go to the wonders . 3) The brilliant scenery might be the first reason . 4) Winter is the best season . 18. Discuss and decide. 与同伴讨论，根据画线词的意思，判断下列陈述是否正确。 1) If something is very attractive, it cannot be interesting to you. 2) If the news is really amazing, you’ll be very calm when you hear it. 3) If you think something is very good, you can say it is fantastic. 4) I live a regular life. I get up, go to work and return home at the same time. Every day is the same to me. 5) I can’t understand her, so I know exactly how she feels. 6) They originally planned to fix their old car, but they decided to buy a new one instead. 7) If it stretches out far, it covers a large area. F F T T F T T 42 especially amazing regular exact construct remind 1) The bridge under 　　　　　　 will be the longest in this area. 2) 　　　　　　, he got a full mark in the exam again. 3) We should have 　　　　　　 meals every day. 4) The sight of the old school bag 　　　　　　 me of my life in middle school. 5) The building looks fantastic, 　　　　　　 at night with all the lights on. 19. Read and complete. 用所给词的适当形式补全句子。 construction Amazingly regular reminded especially wonders unique wonder especially amazing regular exact construct remind 19. Read and complete. 用所给词的适当形式补全句子。 6) I have 　　　　　　 the same idea as you. 7) What is the 　　　　　　 size of the room? 8) Can you 　　　　　　 me what I should do next? 9) If you study English 　　　　　　 each day for six months, your English will improve. 10) The performance yesterday was a(n) 　　　　　 . success. exactly exact remind regularly amazing wonders unique wonder 20. Read and complete. 阅读下文，完成对福建土楼的描述。 1)　　　 　　 hundreds of years ago, Fujian Tulou is a brilliant example of Chinese architecture (建筑). These buildings were 2)　　　　　 built for defense (防御) and living together. With their round and balanced shapes, each Tulou has a 3)　　　　　 layout (布局) and design. Its strong walls 4)　　　　　 up several stories high. Stepping inside, you’ll find an inviting community. The inner courtyards are alive, and the traditional lifestyle 5)　　　　　 us of our ancestors’ wisdom. Fujian Tulou offers an unforgettable experience, 6)　　　　　 for architecture lovers. Constructed originally unique stretch reminds especially Thank You $