内容正文:
Unit 7 Being a Smart Shopper-同步【语法】复习和练习
Unit 7 Being a Smart Shopper-同步【语法】复习和练习
同步【语法】复习
1. 核心概念
量词(Quantifiers)用于表示不可数名词或可数名词的数量,是购物、饮食话题的核心语法点。
2. 高频量词搭配
量词短语
适用名词类型
例句
a piece of
不可数名词(bread/meat/paper 等)
two pieces of bread
两片面包
a bottle of
液体类不可数名词(juice/milk/water 等)
three bottles of milk
三瓶牛奶
a packet of
包装类名词(meat/salt/sugar 等)
a packet of salt
一包盐
a kilo of
重量类名词(fruit/meat/vegetables 等)
two kilos of strawberries
两公斤草莓
a glass of
液体类(water/juice 等)
a glass of water
一杯水
a bowl of
食物类(rice/noodles 等)
a bowl of rice
一碗米饭
a bag of
袋装物品(fruit/rice 等)
a bag of fruit
一袋水果
a pair of
成对名词(scissors/trousers/socks 等)
a pair of scissors
一把剪刀
a set of
成套物品(colored pencils/tools 等)
two sets of colored pencils
两套彩笔
a box of
盒装物品(juice/candies 等)
a box of juice
一盒果汁
3. 关键语法规则(中考易错点)
1) 单复数变化:量词短语中,量词部分随数量变化,后面的名词始终用原形(不可数名词不变,可数名词也不变,因为量词已表数量)。
例:one piece of bread → two pieces of bread(bread 不变)
2) 主谓一致:句子谓语动词的单复数由量词的单复数决定。
例:There is a piece of bread on the plate. / There are two pieces of bread on the plate.
3) 成对名词的特殊用法:trousers、scissors 等词本身是复数,必须用 a pair of 修饰,不能直接说 a trousers 或 a scissors。
同步【语法】练习
[基础层]
1. 量词与名词配对
将左边的量词短语与右边的名词正确连线(用序号表示)
1) a piece of A. juice
2) a bottle of B. scissors
3) a packet of C. bread
4) a kilo of D. salt
5) a pair of E. rice
6) a bowl of F. meat/strawberries
2. 根据图片 / 提示补全句子
1) Here are two ________ ________ bread.()
2) I need to buy a ________ ________ juice.()
3) This ________ ________ meat looks so fresh.()
4) Two ________ ________ strawberries cost 50 yuan.()
5) I usually have a ________ ________ water before breakfast.()
6) I eat a ________ ________ rice for dinner.()
[提升层]
1. 单句改错
1) I need two bottle of juice.
2) There are three pieces of breads on the plate.
3) She buys two kilo of strawberries.
4) I have a scissors in my pencil case.
5) There is two pieces of meat in the fridge.
6) He drinks three glass of water every day.
2. 句型转换/改写
1) I need two bottles of milk.(对划线部分提问)
→ ______ ______ milk do you need?
2) There is a piece of bread on the plate.(改为复数句)
→ There ______ two ______ of bread on the plate.
3) She buys a pair of scissors.(改为否定句)
→ She ______ ______ a pair of scissors.
4) I eat a bowl of rice for dinner.(用 two 改写句子)
→ I eat two ______ of ______ for dinner.
5) He drinks a glass of water every morning.(对划线部分提问)
→ ______ ______ water does he drink every morning?
6) There is some salt in the bag.(用 a packet of 改写句子)
→ There is ______ ______ ______ salt in the bag.
[拓展层]
1. 汉译英
根据中文意思,用本单元所学的量词短语完成句子翻译。
1) 我需要两公斤苹果做水果沙拉。
I need ________ ________ ________ apples to make fruit salad.
2) 桌子上有三瓶牛奶。
There are ________ ________ ________ milk on the table.
3) 她早餐吃了两片面包和一个鸡蛋。
She had ________ ________ ________ bread and an egg for breakfast.
4) 这包肉看起来很新鲜。
________ ________ ________ meat looks very fresh.
5) 我每天晚上喝一杯水。
I drink ________ ________ ________ water every night.
6) 我晚餐吃一碗米饭和一些蔬菜。
I eat ________ ________ ________ rice and some vegetables for dinner.
2. 语法填空选择题
阅读下面短文,从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
This morning, I went to the supermarket with my mom. We bought many things. First, we bought 1) ______ milk for my little brother. Then, we needed 2) ______ salt to cook. Mom also bought 3) ______ meat for dinner. I wanted 4) ______ scissors for my art class, so we got one. For breakfast tomorrow, we bought 5) ______ bread. And I will have 6) ______ rice for lunch.
1) two bottle of B. two bottles of C. two bottles D. two bottle
2) a packet of B. a packet C. packet of D. packets
3) a kilo B. kilo of C. a kilo of D. kilos
4) a pair B. pair of C. a pair of D. pairs
5) piece of B. a piece C. a piece of D. pieces
6) a bowl B. bowl of C. bowls D. a bowl of
参考答案和解析
[基础层]
1. 量词与名词配对
【答案】
1) C
2) A
3) D
4) F
5) B
6) E
【解析】
1) a piece of — C. bread
解析:a piece of 用于修饰不可数名词,尤其常搭配 bread(面包)这类可分割的固体食物,如 two pieces of bread(两片面包)。
2) a bottle of — A. juice
解析:a bottle of 专门用于修饰液体类名词,juice(果汁)是典型的液体,如 three bottles of juice(三瓶果汁)。
3) a packet of — D. salt
解析:a packet of 用于修饰袋装的粉末 / 颗粒状物品,salt(盐)是常见的搭配,如 a packet of salt(一包盐)。
4) a kilo of — F. meat/strawberries
解析:a kilo of 用于表示重量,搭配需要称重计量的名词,如 meat(肉)或 strawberries(草莓),如 two kilos of meat(两公斤肉)。
5) a pair of — B. scissors
解析:a pair of 专门修饰成对出现的物品,scissors(剪刀)本身是复数名词,必须用 a pair of 修饰,如 a pair of scissors(一把剪刀)。
6) a bowl of — E. rice
解析:a bowl of 用于修饰用碗盛装的食物,rice(米饭)是典型搭配,如 a bowl of rice(一碗米饭)。
2.根据图片 / 提示补全句子
【答案】
1) pieces of
2) bottle of
3) packet of
4) kilos of
5) glass of
6) bowl of
【解析】
1) Here are two pieces of bread.
解析:图片是两片面包,面包(bread)是不可数名词,要用量词短语表示数量,two pieces of bread 意为 “两片面包”,是固定搭配。
2) I need to buy a bottle of juice.
解析:图片是一瓶果汁,果汁(juice)是液体,常用量词 bottle(瓶),a bottle of juice 意为 “一瓶果汁”。
3) This packet of meat looks so fresh.
解析:图片是一包肉,肉(meat)是包装食品,常用量词 packet(包),this packet of meat 意为 “这包肉”。
4) Two kilos of strawberries cost 50 yuan.
解析:图片是秤上的草莓,标注了重量,要用重量量词 kilo(公斤),two kilos of strawberries 意为 “两公斤草莓”。
5) I usually have a glass of water before breakfast.
解析:图片是一杯水,水(water)是液体,常用量词 glass(杯),a glass of water 意为 “一杯水”。
6) I eat a bowl of rice for dinner.
解析:图片是一碗米饭,米饭(rice)是用碗盛装的食物,常用量词 bowl(碗),a bowl of rice 意为 “一碗米饭”。
[提升层]
1.单句改错
1) bottle → bottles(量词随数量变化)
2) breads → bread(不可数名词无复数)
3) kilo → kilos(量词随数量变化)
4) a scissors → a pair of scissors(成对名词需用 pair 修饰)
5) is → are(量词 two pieces 是复数,谓语用 are)
6) glass → glasses(量词随数量变化)
2.句型转换/改写
【答案】
1) How much
2) are; pieces
3) doesn’t buy
4) bowls; rice
5) How much
6) a packet of
【解析】
1) 对划线部分提问:I need two bottles of milk.
答案:How much milk do you need?
解析:milk 是不可数名词,对不可数名词的数量提问,要用 How much(而不是 How many,How many 用于可数名词复数)。
2) 改为复数句:There is a piece of bread on the plate.
答案:There are two pieces of bread on the plate.
解析:
量词 a piece of 变为复数 two pieces of;
主谓一致:量词变为复数后,be 动词要用 are;
不可数名词 bread 保持原形不变。
3) 改为否定句:She buys a pair of scissors.
答案:She doesn’t buy a pair of scissors.
解析:
主语 She 是第三人称单数,一般现在时的否定句结构为:主语 + doesn’t + 动词原形;
动词 buys 要变回原形 buy。
4) 用 two 改写句子:I eat a bowl of rice for dinner.
答案:I eat two bowls of rice for dinner.
解析:
数词 two 后面的量词 bowl 要变为复数 bowls;
不可数名词 rice 保持原形不变。
5) 对划线部分提问:He drinks a glass of water every morning.
答案:How much water does he drink every morning?
解析:water 是不可数名词,对其数量提问要用 How much。
6) 用 a packet of 改写句子:There is some salt in the bag.
答案:There is a packet of salt in the bag.
解析:题目要求用 a packet of(一包)替换 some 来修饰不可数名词 salt,直接填入即可。
[拓展层]
1.汉译英
1) two kilos of
解析:“两公斤” 对应 two kilos of,修饰可数名词复数 apples。
2) three bottles of
解析:“三瓶” 对应 three bottles of,修饰不可数名词 milk。
3) two pieces of
解析:“两片” 对应 two pieces of,修饰不可数名词 bread。
4) This packet of
解析:“这包” 对应 this packet of,修饰不可数名词 meat,句首大写。
5) a glass of
解析:“一杯” 对应 a glass of,修饰不可数名词 water。
6) a bowl of
解析:“一碗” 对应 a bowl of,修饰不可数名词 rice。
2.语法填空选择题
1) B. two bottles of
解析:数词 two 后,量词 bottle 需用复数 bottles;修饰不可数名词 milk,需用 of 连接,构成 two bottles of milk。
2) a packet of
解析:salt 是不可数名词,需用 “量词 + of” 结构修饰,“一包盐” 的固定搭配是 a packet of salt。
3) a kilo of
解析:meat 是不可数名词,需用 “量词 + of” 结构修饰,“一公斤肉” 的固定搭配是 a kilo of meat。
4) a pair of
解析:scissors(剪刀)是成对名词,必须用 a pair of 修饰,不能直接用不定冠词。
5) a piece of
解析:bread 是不可数名词,需用 “量词 + of” 结构修饰,“一片面包” 的固定搭配是 a piece of bread。
6) a bowl of
解析:rice 是不可数名词,需用 “量词 + of” 结构修饰,“一碗米饭” 的固定搭配是 a bowl of rice。
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