Unit 3 The Internet Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第二册

该高中英语课件聚焦现在完成时的被动语态，通过《王者荣耀》击杀提示（如“An enemy has been slain”）导入，先系统复习现在完成时的构成、时间状语及被动语态的定义、结构，再结合两者形成“时态+语态”的学习支架，帮助学生构建知识脉络。 其亮点在于融合真实情境（如共享单车使用、餐厅获奖）设计对话创作和辩论任务，结合高考真题链接，以任务型教学提升语言能力与思维品质，分层作业和评估量表培养学习能力。学生能在应用中掌握语法，教师可借助系统资源高效开展教学。

高中英语人教版2019必修第二册 Unit 3 The Internet Discovering Useful Structures Learning objectives Identify and accurately use the present perfect passive voice in various contexts, and distinguish it from the active form. Understand the influence of Internet culture on language use, recognize language differences in different cultural backgrounds, and respect them. Cultivate logical thinking ability and understand the internal rules of grammar by comparing the present perfect passive voice with other tenses and voices. Master self-learning strategies, such as using reference books and online resources to solve grammar problems independently. 目录 CONTENTS Lead In Homework Practice Summary Assessment Production Presentation 3 01 Lead in present(now) future past 现在完成时 现在完成时 过去的动作已结束，但对现在产生影响 过去的动作一直持续到现在，还可能延续下去 e.g. 1. I have just opened the door. (The door is not closed now.） have/ has + 过去分词(done) already 已经（肯定句） yet 已经（否定句或者疑问句） recently/lately 最近 once/twice 一次/两次 just 仅仅 ever 曾经 never 永远不 so/by far/ up to now/ till now/ until now/by now/to date 到目前为止 in recent years 在最近几年里 since+时间点 自从... ever since/since then 自那以来 in/during/over the past/last two years 在过去的两年里 for years 多年来 常用的时间状语总结： 1 表示 某个时间发生的或 的动作对 _______ 造成的 _____________ 。 Past present 过去 已完成 现在 影响或结果 现在完成时概念： since:自从… 后接过去的时间点/动作 e.g. I have not seen him since last year/we met last year. for: 后接一段时间，如three years, a long time… e.g. I have not seen him for a year. 这本书我已经买了好多年了。 I have had this book for years. 2. 表示 开始，一直持续到 的动作。 过去 现在 现在完成时概念： The dog has lived here since it was born. The boy has lived with the dog for four years. 主动 被动 be + 过去分词(done) by 语态是英语动词的一种表现形式，用来说明______和_____________之间的关系。 语态的种类：______和______ 主语 谓语动词 You hit me! Come and help me! I was hit / beaten. 以下情况一般使用被动语态 1. _________或者_____________说明动作的执行者是谁。例如： Such books have been written for children. （已经为儿童编写这类图书了。） 2. 强调动作的_________，而不强调动作的_________。例如： All these products have been tested. （这些产品都经过测试了。） 不知道 没有必要 承受者 执行者 3. 动作的执行者很_________。例如： The letter has been opened. （这封信被人拆开了。） 模糊 4. 有时为了________的需要，避免说出动作的执行者。例如： He has been told many times not to make noises. （已经有人多次跟他说别那么大声了。） 礼貌 An enemy . 我方击杀了一名敌人。 An ally . 我方队友被击杀。 You . 你被击杀了。 Our tower . 我方防御塔被摧毁。 has been slained has been slained have been slained has been destroyed slay-slew/slayed-slain/slayed v.（以暴力）杀死 An enemy has been slained. 我方击杀了一名敌人 An ally has been slained. 我方队友被击杀 You have been slained. 你被击杀了 Our tower has been destroyed. 我方防御塔被摧毁 have been slained 现在完成时 被动语态 Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet. A kind of new PC has been built with more functions. Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. People’s lives have been changed by online communities and social networks. 现在完成时的被动语态 1. 含义与构成 P30 (1) 句子中所使用的时态和语态是 。 (2) 现在完成时的被动语态的构成形式： 。 现在完成时的被动语态 have/has been＋过去分词 现在完成时的被动语态 1. 含义与构成 (3) 现在完成时的被动语态的含义：现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，着眼点在现在。若主语与动词之间构成被动关系，则用现在完成时的被动语态。 现在完成时：have/ has + done 被动语态： be + done (V过去分词) 现在进行时的被动语态：主语 + have/has + been + done + (by…) 表完成 表被动 练习 （时态和语态结合，先体现时态，后体现语态） 3. 基本用法 现在完成时的被动语态 The window has been broken by the strong wind. 窗户被大风吹破了。 The report has been submitted to the manager. 报告已提交给经理了。 结果：现在窗户是破损的状态。 影响：现在经理已收到报告，等待反馈。 (1) 表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的 和 ，且这个动作与句子的主语构成动宾关系，通常与already, yet, just, never, recently等副词连用或用于How long...？句型中。 影响 结果 3. 基本用法 现在完成时的被动语态 The forest has been protected by the local government for a decade. 这片森林已被当地政府保护十年了。 The problem has been discussed for 2 days. 这个问题已经被讨论了两天。 (两天前开始，今天还在讨论，可能讨论还要持续) The patient hasn’t been treated since the doctor left. 自从医生离开后，这位患者就没再接受过治疗。 持续：十年前开始保护森林，现在仍在保护，未来可能继续。 否定句+非延续性动词：医生离开后，患者未再接受治疗，状态持续至今。 (2) 表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long...?” 句型中，被动语态的动词应使用 。 延续性动词 17 3. 基本用法 现在完成时的被动语态 拓展：常与现在完成时连用的时间状语 现在完成时的时间状语 模糊时间 yet/ already/ just/ recently/ lately/ ever/ never 持续时间 for/ since/ from … to now/ so far/ up to now in/ during/ over the past/ last +时间段 重复经历 once/ twice/ several times 3. 基本用法 现在完成时的被动语态 She will leave the office after the report has been reviewed. 报告审核完后，她就会离开办公室。 We will install the equipment where a power supply has been prepared. 我们将在电源准备好的地方安装设备。 Even though the task has been completed early, we must verify the results. 即使任务提前完成，我们也必须核实结果。 (3) 在状语从句中，常用 代替将来完成时的被动语态。 现在完成时的被动语态 练习 19 现在完成时被动语态的解题步骤 找与现在完成相对应的时间状语。 找时 主语与动词构成被动关系。 圈主 确定谓动形式：have/ has (not) been done 定谓 A B C 【即学即练】 现在完成时的被动语态的含义与构成 Someone has lost an identity card. An identity card has been lost. 改为被动语态 【即学即练】 现在完成时的被动语态的含义与构成 改为被动语态 She hasn’t been heard from since then. I hasn’t heard from her since then. 【即学即练】 现在完成时的被动语态的含义与构成 改为被动语态 He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting. His teacher has selected him to take part in the sports meeting. 【即学即练】 现在完成时的被动语态的含义与构成 Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file? Has the button been pressed yet to copy the file? 改为被动语态 【即学即练】 现在完成时的被动语态的含义与构成 改为被动语态 I will go home when my homework has been finished. I will go home when I have finished my homework. Review 现在完成时 1. 构成：have/ has + 过去分词(done) 2. 含义：表示过去发生的动作现在已经完成或仍将持续, 强调对现在的影响。 3. 时间状语：recently（最近）/lately（近来）/already、in the past few years / months / days、yet、just、ever、never、for + 时间段、since + 时间点、so far/up to now / until now/to datea(到目前为止）、over the years(这些年来）、once、twice。 表示站在“现在” 的时间角度回顾一个“过去”的事件。 Present Future Past What do you know about the present perfect tense ? Review 被动语态 1. 构成：be (am/ is/ are)+ 过去分词(done) 2. 定义：被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 3. 时态 What do you know about the passive voice? 结构 时态 结构 时态 am/is/are being + done 现在进行时 am, is, are + done 一般现在时 was/were being + done 过去进行时 was, were + done 一般过去时 have/has been + done 现在完成时 will be + done 一般将来时 【即学即练】 The teacher has told the children the good news. ① 改为被动语态 →The children have been told the good news by the teacher. ② 改为否定句 →The children haven’t been told the good news by the teacher yet. ③ 改为一般疑问句 →Have the children been told the good news by the teacher yet? ④ 就句中的the children进行提问。 →Who have been told the good news by the teacher yet? 现在完成时的被动语态的基本句式 02 Presentation 03 Practice 【即学即练】 现在完成时的被动语态的基本用法 1. The old house __________ recently, so it looks brand new now. A. has painted B. has been painted C. was painted D. is painted 解析：主语“The old house”是“paint”的承受者，需用被动语态；“recently”与现在完成时连用，强调“粉刷”对现在的影响。 2. The road __________ for three months, and it might reopen next week. A. has been repaired B. was repaired C. has repaired D. is repairing 解析：主语“The road”与“repair”构成被动，“for three months”表持续到现在，用现在完成时被动；“might reopen”暗示动作可能仍在进行。 B A 【即学即练】 现在完成时的被动语态的基本用法 3. The problem __________ yet, so we can’t proceed to the next step. A. hasn’t been solved B. wasn’t solved C. hasn’t solved D. didn’t solve 解析：“problem”与“solve”被动关系，“yet”与现在完成时否定式“hasn’t been solved” 连用，强调未解决的状态对现在的影响（无法推进下一步）。 4. We won’t start the experiment unless all the equipment __________. A. has been checked B. will be checked C. was checked D. is checking 解析：条件状语从句（unless）中，“设备被检查”是将来动作，但需用现在完成时被动“has been checked”替代将来完成时，表“检查完成”是“开始实验”的前提。 A A 4. 注意事项 现在完成时的被动语态 现在完成时的被动语态中， been不可漏掉。 例句： Ancient artifacts have been discovered in the recent excavation. 近期发掘中已发现古代文物。 All tasks have been completed ahead of schedule. 所有任务已提前完成。 4. 注意事项 现在完成时的被动语态 (2) 短语动词用于现在完成时的被动语态时，动词后面的副词或介词不可漏掉或省略。 例句： The light has been turned on since sunset.（on 不可省略） 灯从日落时起就一直开着。 The patient has been taken care of by nurses 24/7.（of 不可省略） 患者一直由护士全天候照顾。 4. 注意事项 现在完成时的被动语态 (3) 现在完成时的被动语态强调过去发生的事与现在有联系；一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作只与过去有关，与现在无关。 例句： The ancient painting was restored in the 1990s.（画现在是否完好未知） 这幅古画是 20 世纪 90 年代修复的。 The ancient painting has been restored.（画现在可展出） 这幅古画已修复完成。 4. 注意事项 现在完成时的被动语态 (4) 非延续性动词，如borrow, finish, begin, start, buy, marry, open, join,die等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态。其否定式也可以与for、since构成的时间状语连用。 The meeting has been started for 20 minutes. （“start” 是非延续性动词，不能与 “for 20 minutes” 连用） The meeting hasn’t been started since the speaker arrived. （“not start” 的否定状态可延续，“since the speaker arrived” 表时间点） He has been died for three years. -- He has been dead for three years. ❎ ✅ has been on (3)不及物动词或词组如happen, occur, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等无被动语态。 Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. 自从1978年以来，中国发生了巨大的变化。 【即学即练】 现在完成时的被动语态的注意事项 1. The new software updates __________ by users worldwide since their release. A. have downloaded B. have been downloaded C. has been downloaded D. was downloaded 解析：主语“updates” 是复数，动作“download”与主语构成被动关系，需用“have been + 过去分词”结构。 2. The meeting plan __________ carefully, so we can start now. A. has been worked out B. has worked out C. has been worked D. was worked off 解析：“work out”（制定）是“动词 + 副词”短语，被动语态中副词 “out” 不可省略，结构为 “has been + 过去分词 + out”。 B A 04 Production Task 1: Each group can choose one scenario below to create a dialogue using the present perfect passive voice (with at least 3 rounds of Q&A). 示例： A: Have the old books been donated to the library? B: Yes, they have been sent there by my parents. A: How many books have been collected so far? B: Over 100 have been given by our neighbors. The old books at home have been donated to the library. Task 1: Each group can choose one scenario below to create a dialogue using the present perfect passive voice (with at least 3 rounds of Q&A). Shared bikes in the city have been used by more and more people. Your favorite restaurant has been awarded “Best of the Year”. Task 2: Debate Competition Should homework have been replaced by online tasks? 反方：However, face-to-face communication has not been replaced by online chats, as real-time interaction is still necessary. 正方：Many traditional classrooms have been transformed into online learning spaces, which has been proved effective during the pandemic. VS 05 Summary 现在完成时的被动语态 含义 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，着眼点在现在。 构成 have/has been＋过去分词 句式 肯定句式：主语＋have/has＋been done ... 否定句式：主语＋have/has＋not been done ... 一般疑问句式：Have/has＋主语＋been done ...? 特殊疑问句式：特殊疑问词＋ have/has＋主语＋been done ...? 用法 注意 用法 表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响和结果。 表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。 在状语从句中，常用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。 注意 不可遗漏介词。 不可遗漏been。 不用于现在进行时的被动语态的动词。 非延续性动词的现在完成时的被动语态，其肯定式不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 06 Assessment Criteria​ 1 (Needs Improvement)​ 2 (Basic)​ 3 (Proficient)​ 4 (Advanced)​ Understanding of Structure​ Usage in Sentence Writing​ Comprehension in Listening/Speaking​ Error Correction​ Application in Real-life Situations​ 07 Homework Basic Level Complete the supporting grammar exercises that were not finished in today’s class. Intermediate Level Write a letter to the future about classroom achievements, using the present perfect passive voice. Advanced Level Collaborate to produce a “global impact report” on an environmental issue, using the present perfect passive voice to discuss completed actions and their effects 1.阅读下面句子，使用括号内单词的正确形式填空 (1)The book (translate) into many languages so far. 这本书到目前为止已被翻译成多种语言。 (2)Financial problems of the company (discuss) for nearly two hours. 公司的财务问题已经被讨论了近两个小时了。 has been translated have been discussed 总结：现在完成时的被动语态的含义,现在完成时的被动语态强调动作或状态在说话之前已经结束或持续到现在并对现在产生影响或造成结果，但主语为动作的承受者，表示“……已经被……”。其构成是have/has been done。 1.阅读下面句子，使用括号内单词的正确形式填空 (1)A lot of factories (fund) by the government in the last twenty years. 许多工厂在过去的二十年里受到了政府的资助。 (2)Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement ________________ (reach) so far by the two sides. 尽管之前有多轮谈判，但到目前为止，双方还未达成协议。 (3)Great success (achieve) to date in medicine due to the advanced technology.由于先进的技术，医学领域至今已取得巨大成功。 have been funded has been reached has been achieved = up to now 总结：现在完成时的被动语态可以表示被动的动作在说话前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与already，yet，never，recently等副词及时间状语so far，by now，up till now，to date，for a long time，in recent years，in/during/over the last/past...years等连用。 2.阅读下面句子，使用括号内单词的正确形式填空 (1)The machine (repair) for two hours. 这台机器已经被修了两个小时了。 (2)The software (update) continuously since its release in 2018. 自2018年发布以来，该软件一直在不断更新。 has been repaired has been updated 总结：现在完成时的被动语态还可以表示被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for或since等引出的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于how long引出的句子中。 3.阅读下面句子，根据汉语提示补充完整 (1)You shouldn’t leave school . 在你的作业完成之前你不应该离开学校。 (2) ，we will celebrate with a pizza party. 如果项目能在周五前完成，我们就用披萨派对来庆祝。 before your homework has been finished If the project has been completed by Friday 总结：现在完成时的被动语态可以用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的被动动作。 4.阅读下面句子，根据括号内的要求改写句子 The company has given him a chance to work abroad recently. →____________________________________________________________ (使用间接宾语做主语，句子使用被动语态) →____________________________________________________________ (使用直接宾语做主语，句子使用被动语态) He has been given a chance to work abroad recently (by the company). A chance to work abroad has been given to him recently (by the company). 总结：带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，teach，show，tell，buy，lend，promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若要将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。 Our art festival 1.____________ (hold) next month. Recently, many English plays2. _____________ (try) and we finally choose a short English play. Since then, we 3.___________________ (practice) these days.4. _________ (know) that you have much experience in English plays, we hope you can give us some advice on it. 5._______________ (tell) the effective way to practice and perform, we still need your further guidance. We 6.__________________ (practice) at the school hall this Thursday afternoon. We 7._______________ (appreciate) it very much if you could give us some suggestions. will be held have been tried have been practicing Knowing Having been told are going to practice would appreciate （2022年浙江卷1月）Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ________(view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. 句意：经常乘飞机去参加会议、演讲、研讨会等，被认为是科学家们聚在一起交流信息的重要方式。 答案：is viewed/has been viewed 描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时，此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认知，用现在完成时。动名词作主语与谓语之间存在被动关系，故可以用一般现在时的被动语态或现在完成时的被动语态，且动名词作主语，谓语用单数。故填is viewed/has been viewed。 高考链接 （2022年浙江卷1月）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics — many of the climate scientists ____________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 答案：have promised 句意：例如，在一个名为“无蝇气候科学”的网站上，大约200名学者——其中许多气候科学家——承诺自两年前开始这项工作以来，尽可能少地飞行。根据时间状语“since the effort started two years ago”可知，主句应使用现在完成时，主语“many of them climate scientists”是复数，因此空格处是have promised。故填have promised。 （2021年浙江卷6月）It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Pohomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ________ (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. 句意：它不像乔治·华盛顿在波霍马克河上的种植园那样令人印象深刻，但林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家，自从向公众开放以来，就被证明是游客无法抗拒的。 答案：has proved/has proven 根据句型分析，此空应填谓语动词，且prove为系动词，没有被动结构形式，再结合句中since一词，可以判断句子的谓语应该用现在完成时。故填has proved或has proven。 (2018·北京高考)China's high­speed railways _______ (grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years. 答案：have grown　句意：在过去的几年里，中国高铁的里程已经从9,000公里上升到25,000公里了。根据时间状语“in the past few years”可知，本句使用现在完成时。 (2019·高考全国卷Ⅰ) In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut ________________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements. (2019·高考全国卷II ) I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _______________(make) over the years. (2018·高考全国卷I ) Since 2011, the country __________(grow) more corn than rice. (2020·天津高考)—You are a great swimmer. —Thanks. It‘s because I ______________________ (practise) a lot these days. have reported have made has grown have been practising We’ve done a lot of work on it, but we ____________ _________ (finish) yet. 2. Tom ________________ (work) in the library every night over the last three months. 3. More public transport _____________ (build) in China, making it easier for people to travel. have not has been working has been built Present perfect passive voice 高考链接 finished 4. Progress _________ (be) so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time. 5. _____________ (eat) at the cafeteria before, Tina didn’t want to eat there again. 6. No agreement ____________ (reach) yesterday after many rounds of talks. has been Having eaten Present perfect passive voice 高考链接 was reached 7. Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement ________ _________ (reach) so far by the two sides. 8. I ________________ (show) around the Water Cube for many times since it was built. 9. __________________ (show) around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. reached have been shown Having been shown Present perfect passive voice 高考链接 has been show around 带领……参观 自从互联网和个人电脑的发明及引入以来，世界已经发生了翻天覆地的变化。个人电脑和互联网的这两项发明被认为是上个世纪最重要的事件之一。(upside down; consider) The world 1. since the invention of the Internet and the introduction of personal computers. The twin inventions of the personal computer and the Internet 2._________________________ among the most important events of the last century. 10.根据汉语提示使用被动语态完成下列语段 P34 has been turned upside down have been considered to be 注意：在说明性的文本中，特别是说明结果的写作中（开头或者结尾），常常会使用现在完成时态，而不用一般过去时态。 到目前为止，购物已经完全改变了。越来越多的人在网上订购从衣服到玩具再到食品等物品，然后直接送货到家。此外，社交交流也已经被互联网所取代。在过去的几十年里，游戏、音乐、电影等等都受到了互联网的影响。 Shopping 3. by now.More and more people order things from clothes to toys to foods online and have them delivered directly to their homes.In addition，social communication 4.___________ __________ by the Internet. Games，music，movies and so on 5._______ by the Internet during the last decades. 返 回 has been has been changed completely have taken over been influenced (2017全国卷Ⅲ) In 2008, Sarah ______________________ (tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. (2019江苏完型填空) Wildlife ___________________________(threaten)in the modern age. 在现代, 野生动植物已经受到极大程度的威胁。 (2019全国Ⅰ卷语法填空) It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range________________________so far. (poorly study)由于大部分有关北极熊生活范围的研究还很少, 所以很难统计出全球北极熊的数量。 (2019全国Ⅱ卷语法填空)A 90-year-old __________________(award) “Woman Of The Year” for being Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week up to date. 一位90岁老人因为是英国最年长的全职雇员而被评为“年度女性”。她仍然一周工作40个小时。 has been told/ was told has been greatly threatened has been poorly studied has been awarded Activity 4: Read and rewrite. Rewrite the underlined parts using the present perfect passive. Many things in our lives have already been affected, … 3D-printed hamburgers have been served to customers in some restaurants in London. But perhaps the most significant success that has been achieved to date is in medicine. Human body parts, including a beating heart, have been made with 3D printing technology. A new 3D-printed shell has been given to a turtle injured in a forest fire! 1 2 3 4 5 What is the passage mainly about? Which form is better, passive or active? Why? past now Dr Moore’s lab Activity 5: View and talk ① ① ② ② ③ ③ ④ ④ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑥ ⑥ ① ② ③ The lock on the door has been broken. The window has been broken. ④ Two computers have been stolen. The robot has been damaged. ⑤ ⑥ The book case has been opened, and some files have been taken away while others have been thrown everywhere. Beakers and test tubes have been destroyed. Imagine you are Dr Moore. Look at the pictures and tell the police about the damage and loss to your lab. Make a phone call and describe what has happened to the police. Then act it out. Police: This is 110. What can I do for you? Me: Dear officer, this is Moore. I am calling to report a burglary. Police: Where is it? Me: It is in xx school. Our school’s lab was broken into. So much damage and loss have been made. Police: Anybody hurt? Me: No. But … Er … Police: Take it easy. Can you describe the scene to me? ...... Police: Ok. I got it. We will be there in a minute. Don’t touch anything please. Me: I am here waiting for you. Please hurry up. What do you learn from this activity? Keep calm when we are in an emergency. Activity 5: View and talk 4.现在完成时的主动语态变被动语态: (1)只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 We have built many houses in the past ten years.(主动) Many houses have been built in the past ten years.(被动) Present perfect passive voice： 4.现在完成时的主动语态变被动语态: (2)带有双宾语的动词，如.give、send、bring、take、teach、show、tell、make、sing、write、read、sell、buy、pay、lend、pass、promise等，变为被动语态时,可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。 We have given him a book. (主动) -He has been given a book.(被动) A book has been given to him.(被动) Present perfect passive voice： 4.现在完成时的主动语态变被动语态: (3)带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时,只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语,原来省略 to的不定式作宾语补足语，被动语态中要用带to的不定式。 I have found him lying on the floor. (主动) He has been found lying on the floor. (被动) Present perfect passive voice： 谢谢聆听 null 4231.8447 $