第9卷 句法知识（被动语态，虚拟语气）-2026年湖北省（技能高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026年湖北省（技能高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》，由10份专题训练卷与4份综合训练卷组成。试卷通过具象化拆解核心考点、搭建系统知识网络、场景化训练强调知识应用，从而做到降低学习门槛、巩固知识体系、强化实战能力，全方位适配学生备考需求。 本试卷是2026年湖北省（技能高考）《英语45分钟模拟卷》的第9卷 句法知识（被动语态，虚拟语气） 2026年湖北省（技能高考）《英语45分钟模拟卷》 第9卷 句法知识（被动语态，虚拟语气） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 1、 单项选择 (共50小题；每小题2分，满分100分) （1）主谓一致 1. The new bridge ______ by the end of next year. A. will complete B. will be completed C. is completing D. has completed 2. These songs ______ often ______ by children when they were young. A. are; sung B. were; sung C. did; sing D. have; sung 3. A beautiful picture ______ by Tom at this time yesterday. A. was painting B. painted C. was being painted D. is painted 4. I ______ to the party last night, but I was ill. A. Invited B. am invited C. was invited D. have invited 5. The flowers ______ every day, or they will die. A. must water B. can water C. should water D. must be watered 6. So far, more than half of the work ______ by the volunteers. A. has finished B. has been finished C. have finished D. have been finished 7. Look! The dishes ______. Let’s wash them together. A. are not washed B. haven’t washed C. haven’t been washed D. hadn’t been washed 8. The boy ______ to stay up late by his parents. A. is not allowed B. does not allow C. is not allowing D. has not allowed 9. The old house ______ down next month. A. is going to knock B. will knock C. is knocked D. is going to be knocked 10. When I got to the station, I realized that my wallet ______. A. had stolen B. was stolen C. had been stolen D. has been stolen 11. This kind of cloth ______ very soft. A. is felt B. feels C. is feeling D. has felt 12. The 2022 Winter Olympics ______ in Beijing. A. Held B. were held C. was held D. have held 13. Your coat ______. You can put it on again. A. has washed clean B. has been washed clean C. was washed clean D. washed clean 14. I think teenagers ______ to make their own decisions. A. should educate B. should be educated C. should have educated D. were educated 15. Rice ______ in the south of China. A. Grows B. is grown C. are grown D. grow 16. The problem ______ at the meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will discuss B. is discussed C. will be discussed D. is discussing 17. Many trees and flowers ______ in our city every year. A. Plant B. are planted C. were planted D. have planted 18. The play ______ by the time we arrived at the theatre. A. had been started B. was started C. has been started D.had started 19. I’m sorry, sir. Your pet dog ______ outside. A. is keeping B. keeps C. is kept D. has kept 20. The children ______ to the museum last Sunday. A. Take B. took C. are taken D. were taken 21. The project ______ about two years to complete. A. is expected B. expects C. is expecting D. expected 22. Why ______ your homework ______ yet? A. has; been handed in B. have; been handed in C. is; handed in D. are; handed in 23. The sports meeting ______ because of the heavy rain. A. put off B. is put off C. was put off D. has put off 24. This photo ______ by my father ten years ago. A. Took B. is taken C. was taken D. has taken 25. The bridge ______ last year, but it hasn’t opened yet. A. Completed B. was completed C. has completed D. is completed （2）虚拟语气 26. If I _____ you, I would take the job right now. A. Am B. is C. were D. was 27. She wishes she _____ able to sing as well as her sister. A. Is B. are C. were D. was 28. If it _____ sunny tomorrow, we would go hiking. A. Is B. were C. was D. are 29. The teacher suggested that every student _____ a reading plan. A. Make B. makes C. made D. has made 30. He didn’t study hard. If he _____ harder, he would have passed the exam. A. Studies B. studied C. had studied D. has studied 31. It is strange that he _____ so rude to his teacher. A. should be B. is C. was D. has been 32. If they _____ the airport on time, they would not miss the flight now. A. arrive at  B. arrived at  C. had arrived at  D. have arrived at 33. I wish I _____ more time to prepare for the competition last week. A. Have B. had C. had had D. would have 34. He speaks English as if he _____ an American. A. Is B. were C. was D. has been 35. Without electricity, human life _____ very different today. A. Is B. will be C. would be D. would have been 36. It’s high time you _____ your habit of smoking. A. Change B. changed C. will change D. have changed 37. He would be much healthier now if he _____ less junk food in the past. A. Eats B. ate C. had eaten D. has eaten 38. The boss ordered that the work _____ finished by Friday. A. Is B. was C. be D. has been 39. I’d rather you _____ me the bad news yesterday. A. not tell B. didn’t tell C. hadn’t told D. wouldn’t tell 40. If only I _____ more attention to the teacher’s advice! Then I wouldn’t have failed. A. Pay B. paid C. had paid D. would pay 41. She insisted that he _____ her apology at once. A. Accepts B. accepted C. accept D. has accepted 42. What would you do if you _____ a chance to study abroad? A. Have B. had C. will have D. had had 43. He forgot to set the alarm. Otherwise, he _____ late for work this morning. A. wouldn’t be B. wasn’t C. wouldn’t have been D. hasn’t been 44. Suppose there _____ no computers, what would our life be like? A. Are B. were C. will be D. have been 45. They proposed that the sports meeting _____ put off until next month. A. Is B. was C. be D. to be 46. The little girl looked so frightened as if she ____ a ghost. A. Sees B. saw C. has seen D. had seen 47. If we _____ the traffic rules, this accident would not have happened. A. Obey B. obeyed C. had obeyed D. have obeyed 48. It is necessary that a student _____ a good dictionary. A. Have B. has C. had D. will have 49. I wish I _____ a longer summer vacation, but it ends soon. A. Have B. had C. had had D. would have 50. If it were not for the heavy traffic, I _____ here half an hour ago. A. Arrived B. would arrive C. would have arrived D. arrive 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026年湖北省（技能高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》，由10份专题训练卷与4份综合训练卷组成。试卷通过具象化拆解核心考点、搭建系统知识网络、场景化训练强调知识应用，从而做到降低学习门槛、巩固知识体系、强化实战能力，全方位适配学生备考需求。 本试卷是2026年湖北省（技能高考）《英语45分钟模拟卷》的第9卷 句法知识（被动语态，虚拟语气） 2026年湖北省（技能高考）《英语45分钟模拟卷》 第9卷 句法知识（被动语态，虚拟语气） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 1、 单项选择 (共50小题；每小题2分，满分100分) （1）主谓一致 1. The new bridge ______ by the end of next year. A. will complete B. will be completed C. is completing D. has completed 【答案】B 【解析】时间状语“by the end of next year”（到明年年底为止）与一般将来时连用。桥梁是“被完成”，故用一般将来时的被动语态“will be + 过去分词”。 2. These songs ______ often ______ by children when they were young. A. are; sung B. were; sung C. did; sing D. have; sung 【答案】B 【解析】时间状语从句“when they were young”表明动作发生在过去。主语“These songs”与“sing”之间为被动关系（被唱），故用一般过去时的被动语态“were + sung”。 3. A beautiful picture ______ by Tom at this time yesterday. A. was painting B. painted C. was being painted D. is painted 【答案】C 【解析】“at this time yesterday”是典型的过去进行时时间状语。主语“picture”是“被画”，故用过去进行时的被动语态“was/were being + 过去分词”。 4. I ______ to the party last night, but I was ill. A. Invited B. am invited C. was invited D. have invited 【答案】C 【解析】“last night”为一般过去时。主语“I”与“invite”之间是被动关系（我被邀请），故用一般过去时的被动语态。 5. The flowers ______ every day, or they will die. A. must water B. can water C. should water D. must be watered 【答案】D 【解析】情态动词“must”后接被动语态表示“必须被浇水”。“or they will die”表示如果不浇水就会死，强调必要性。 6. So far, more than half of the work ______ by the volunteers. A. has finished B. has been finished C. have finished D. have been finished 【答案】B 【解析】“so far”是现在完成时的标志。“work”是不可数名词，谓语用单数“has”；“work”与“finish”是被动关系，故用“has been finished”。 7. Look! The dishes ______. Let’s wash them together. A. are not washed B. haven’t washed C. haven’t been washed D. hadn’t been washed 【答案】C 【解析】“Look!”提示动作与现在相关。盘子“还没被洗”，用现在完成时的被动语态“haven’t been washed”。注意“dishes”是复数。 8. The boy ______ to stay up late by his parents. A. is not allowed B. does not allow C. is not allowing D. has not allowed 【答案】A 【解析】一般现在时描述习惯。男孩“不被允许”，需用被动语态。介词“by”引出动作执行者（父母），进一步确认被动结构。 9. The old house ______ down next month. A. is going to knock B. will knock C. is knocked D. is going to be knocked 【答案】D 【解析】“next month”是一般将来时。房子“将被拆除”，用“be going to”的被动形式“is going to be + 过去分词”。 10. When I got to the station, I realized that my wallet ______. A. had stolen B. was stolen C. had been stolen D. has been stolen 【答案】C 【解析】“realized”为过去时，“丢钱包”发生在“意识到”之前，即“过去的过去”，用过去完成时。钱包是被偷，故为“had been stolen”。 11. This kind of cloth ______ very soft. A. is felt B. feels C. is feeling D. has felt 【答案】B 【解析】某些动词（feel, smell, taste, look等）用主动形式表示被动意义。“cloth feels soft”意为“这种布料摸起来很软”，无需被动。 12. The 2022 Winter Olympics ______ in Beijing. A. Held B. were held C. was held D. have held 【答案】B 【解析】冬奥会“被举办”，用被动语态。主语“The 2022 Winter Olympics”为复数概念，且事件发生在过去，故用一般过去时复数“were held”。 13. Your coat ______. You can put it on again. A. has washed clean B. has been washed clean C. was washed clean D. washed clean 【答案】B 【解析】强调过去洗好的动作对现在的影响（可以穿了），用现在完成时被动。“has been washed clean”表示“已经被洗干净”。 14. I think teenagers ______ to make their own decisions. A. should educate B. should be educated C. should have educated D. were educated 【答案】B 【解析】：情态动词“should”后接被动语态“should be + 过去分词”，表示“应该被教育”。主语“teenagers”是教育行为的承受者。 15. Rice ______ in the south of China. A. Grows B. is grown C. are grown D. grow 【答案】B 【解析】一般现在时陈述事实。水稻“被种植”，为被动关系。Rice为不可数名词，谓语用单数“is grown”。 16. The problem ______ at the meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will discuss B. is discussed C. will be discussed D. is discussing 【答案】C 【解析】“tomorrow afternoon”表示将来。问题“将被讨论”，用一般将来时的被动语态“will be discussed”。 17. Many trees and flowers ______ in our city every year. A. Plant B. are planted C. were planted D. have planted 【答案】B 【解析】“every year”表示一般现在时。树和花“被种植”，主语为复数，故用“are planted”。 18. The play ______ by the time we arrived at the theatre. A. had been started B. was started C. has been started D.had started 【答案】D 【解析】“by the time we arrived”表示“在我们到达之前”，动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。而start是一个不及物动词，故没有被动语态，故选D。 19. I’m sorry, sir. Your pet dog ______ outside. A. is keeping B. keeps C. is kept D. has kept 【答案】C 【解析】狗“被关在”外面，为被动关系。一般现在时描述当前状态，故用“is kept”。 20. The children ______ to the museum last Sunday. A. Take B. took C. are taken D. were taken 【答案】D 【解析】“last Sunday”为一般过去时。孩子们“被带去”，用过去时被动“were taken”。 21. The project ______ about two years to complete. A. is expected B. expects C. is expecting D. expected 【答案】A 【解析】常用句型“It is expected that...”或“The project is expected to...”，表示“预计”。项目是被期望的对象，故用被动“is expected”。 22. Why ______ your homework ______ yet? A. has; been handed in B. have; been handed in C. is; handed in D. are; handed in 【答案】A 【解析】“yet”常用于现在完成时的否定或疑问句。“homework”为不可数名词，用“has”；作业“被上交”，故用“has been handed in”。 23. The sports meeting ______ because of the heavy rain. A. put off B. is put off C. was put off D. has put off 【答案】C 【解析】运动会“被推迟”，因下雨是过去发生的事，一般过去时被动“was put off”。注意“put off”的过去分词仍是“put”。 24. This photo ______ by my father ten years ago. A. Took B. is taken C. was taken D. has taken 【答案】C 【解析】“ten years ago”明确过去时间。照片“被拍”，故用一般过去时被动“was taken”。 25. The bridge ______ last year, but it hasn’t opened yet. A. Completed B. was completed C. has completed D. is completed 【答案】B 【解析】bridge与complete之间是被动关系，通过last year可知是一般过去时，故用was completed。 （2）虚拟语气 26. If I _____ you, I would take the job right now. A. Am B. is C. were D. was 【答案】C 【解析】表示“如果我是你”，与现在事实相反（我不可能是你）。虚拟语气中，be动词一律用 were（不分人称），不能用was。A、B为现在时，D虽为过去但口语中可见，但标准考试选were。 27. She wishes she _____ able to sing as well as her sister. A. Is B. are C. were D. was 【答案】C 【解析】wish后的宾语从句表示与现在事实相反（她实际上唱得不如姐姐），动词用过去式。be动词用 were（正式用法），虽然口语可用was，但考试规范选were。 28. If it _____ sunny tomorrow, we would go hiking. A. Is B. were C. was D. are 【答案】B 【解析】表示“如果明天出太阳（但可能性很小）”，与将来事实相反。if从句中用过去式（were），主句用would+动词原形。A为真实条件句，不符合虚拟语境。 29. The teacher suggested that every student _____ a reading plan. A. Make B. makes C. made D. has made 【答案】A 【解析】suggest表示“建议”，其后的宾语从句用“(should) + 动词原形”，should可以省略。B、C、D均为非虚拟形式。 30. He didn’t study hard. If he _____ harder, he would have passed the exam. A. Studies B. studied C. had studied D. has studied 【答案】C 【解析】表示与过去事实相反（他过去没努力学习），if从句用 过去完成时（had done），主句用would have done。A、B、D时态不对应。 31. It is strange that he _____ so rude to his teacher. A. should be B. is C. was D. has been 【答案】A 【解析】在“It is strange/important/necessary that...”句型中，从句用“(should) + 动词原形”，表示情感或惊讶。should可以省略，但选项中有should be更完整。 32. If they _____ the airport on time, they would not miss the flight now. A. arrive at  B. arrived at  C. had arrived at  D. have arrived at 【答案】C 【解析】混合虚拟语气：if从句与过去事实相反（过去没有准时到机场），主句与现在事实相反（现在不会误机）。从句用had arrived at。 33. I wish I _____ more time to prepare for the competition last week. A. Have B. had C. had had D. would have 【答案】C 【解析】wish后表示与过去事实相反（上周时间不够），用 过去完成时（had had）。B（had）是与现在相反，不符合“last week”。 34. He speaks English as if he _____ an American. A. Is B. were C. was D. has been 【答案】B 【解析】as if引导的从句表示与现在事实相反（他不是美国人），用过去式，be动词用 were（正式）。A为真实语气，C为口语用法但非最佳。 35. Without electricity, human life _____ very different today. A. Is B. will be C. would be D. would have been 【答案】C 【解析】without electricity相当于if there were no electricity，表示与现在事实相反（事实上我们有电），主句用would+动词原形。D是过去虚拟，不符合today。 36. It’s high time you _____ your habit of smoking. A. Change B. changed C. will change D. have changed 【答案】B 【解析】It’s (high) time that...句型表示“该做某事了”，从句用 过去式（changed），这是虚拟语气的固定用法。 37. He would be much healthier now if he _____ less junk food in the past. A. Eats B. ate C. had eaten D. has eaten 【答案】C 【解析】混合虚拟：if从句与过去事实相反（过去吃了很多垃圾食品），用had eaten；主句与现在事实相反（现在健康），用would be。 38. The boss ordered that the work _____ finished by Friday. A. Is B. was C. be D. has been 【答案】C 【解析】order表示命令，其后宾语从句用“(should) + 动词原形”，be动词原形为be。A、B、D都是陈述语气。 39. I’d rather you _____ me the bad news yesterday. A. not tell B. didn’t tell C. hadn’t told D. wouldn’t tell 【答案】C 【解析】would rather后接从句表示与过去事实相反（你昨天告诉我了），用 过去完成时（hadn’t told）。B是对现在或将来的虚拟。 40. If only I _____ more attention to the teacher’s advice! Then I wouldn’t have failed. A. Pay B. paid C. had paid D. would pay 【答案】C 【解析】if only表示“要是……就好了”，与过去事实相反（过去没注意听），用过去完成时（had paid）。B是与现在相反。 41. She insisted that he _____ her apology at once. A. Accepts B. accepted C. accept D. has accepted 【答案】C 【解析】nsist表示“坚持要求”（不是“坚持说事实”），宾语从句用“(should) + 动词原形”，accept用原形。 42. What would you do if you _____ a chance to study abroad? A. Have B. had C. will have D. had had 【答案】B 【解析】与现在或将来事实相反（目前没有机会），if从句用过去式（had），主句用would + 动词原形。 43. He forgot to set the alarm. Otherwise, he _____ late for work this morning. A. wouldn’t be B. wasn’t C. wouldn’t have been D. hasn’t been 【答案】C 【解析】otherwise相当于if he had set the alarm，表示与过去事实相反（今早迟到了），主句用wouldn’t have been。 44. Suppose there _____ no computers, what would our life be like? A. Are B. were C. will be D. have been 【答案】B 【解析】suppose引导虚拟条件句，表示与现在事实相反（现在有电脑），用过去式（were）。 45. They proposed that the sports meeting _____ put off until next month. A. Is B. was C. be D. to be 【答案】C 【解析】propose表示“建议”，其后的that从句用“(should) + 动词原形”，be即为原形。 46. The little girl looked so frightened as if she ____ a ghost. A. Sees B. saw C. has seen D. had seen 【答案】D 【解析】as if表示与过去事实相反（她并没有真的看见鬼），从句用过去完成时（had seen）。 47. If we _____ the traffic rules, this accident would not have happened. A. Obey B. obeyed C. had obeyed D. have obeyed 【答案】C 【解析】与过去事实相反（过去没有遵守交通规则），if从句用had obeyed，主句用would not have happened。 48. It is necessary that a student _____ a good dictionary. A. Have B. has C. had D. will have 【答案】A 【解析】It is necessary that...从句用“(should) + 动词原形”，have是原形。B、C、D均为非虚拟形式。 49. I wish I _____ a longer summer vacation, but it ends soon. A. Have B. had C. had had D. would have 【答案】B 【解析】表示与现在事实相反（暑假实际不长），用过去式（had）。had had是与过去相反，不符合“it ends soon”的现在语境。 50. If it were not for the heavy traffic, I _____ here half an hour ago. A. Arrived B. would arrive C. would have arrived D. arrive 【答案】C 【解析】混合虚拟：if从句与现在事实相反（交通很堵是事实），主句与过去事实相反（半小时前没能到），用would have arrived。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $