6.4 Craftsmanship（Language Practice）-《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）《一课一练》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：基于中职学生英语知识不牢固、学习内驱力不够的学情特点，为了更好地提高学生的学习效率，辅助教师们抓好课前、课中、课后三个教学环节，本专辑深度解读最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》，匠心打造了契合内蒙古职教高考命题特色的【内蒙古专用】《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）《一课一练》专辑，专辑共40练。 本卷为《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）Unit 6 Craftsmanship（Language Practice）的课前预习和课堂检测。 《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版） Unit 6 Craftsmanship 一课一练（29） Language Practice 【课前预习】 被动语态 语法精讲 一、被动语态基本概念 含义：主语是动作的承受者，强调动作被做，而非谁做。 基本结构：be + 及物动词的过去分词 (done) 二、被动语态三要素 助动词 be：随人称、数、时态变化 过去分词 done：固定不变 动作执行者：by + 执行者（可省略） 三、常见时态的被动语态结构 一般现在时被动：am/is/are + done 一般过去时被动：was/were + done 一般将来时被动：will be + done 情态动词被动：情态动词 (can/may/must/should) + be + done 四、主动变被动三步法 主动宾语 → 被动主语 主动谓语 → be + done 主动主语 → by + 主语（可省） 五、核心考点（必记） 不及物动词无被动：happen, take place, appear 等 感官 / 使役动词主动省 to，被动要加 to 主动：see sb. do → 被动：sb. be seen to do 短语动词被动不可丢介词 listen to → be listened to；look after → be looked after 双宾语被动：保留一个宾语，另一个用介词引出 六、解题技巧 先判主语与动作关系：承受→被动 再看时态 / 情态，定 be 动词形式 最后检查过去分词拼写与介词 【课堂检测】 一、语法单选 1．Mathematics ________ always ________ as a challenging subject, but many students ________ it interesting. A．is; regarded; find B．are; regarded; find C．is; regarding; found D．are; regarding; found 2．— When ________ the computer ________? — Sorry, I don’t know. But it has changed our life a lot. A．is; invented B．was; invented C．did; invent D．does; invent 3．Some effective measures ________ to prevent this disease from spreading. A．must take B．must taken C．must be take D．must be taken 4．Three fourths of the homework ________ already finished by the students.​ A．is B．are C．has been D．have been​ 5．The machine ________ once a week to make sure it works well. A．checks B．is checked C．checked D．will be checked 6．Safety rules ________ by every student in the workshop. It’s very important for accident prevention. A．must follow B．must be followed C．followed D．are following 7．A new workshop ________ near our school last year. It will be used for practical training soon. A．builds B．built C．was built D．will be built 8．The telephone ________ by Bell in 1876. A．were invented B．was invented C．is invented D．are invented 9．A lot of food was ________ yesterday. A．given us B．given to us C．giving us D．to give us 10．Now young people ________ to use computer to develop their _________ skills. A．are trained; problem solving B．are being trained; solving problem C．are being taught; problem solving D．are taught; solving problem 二、单句改错 11.Many trees plant on the hill every year. 12.The letter was send by my sister yesterday. 13.A new road is build in our town now. 14.The problem will be discuss at the meeting tomorrow. 15.The beautiful song is often sing by students in class. 16.The craftsman works more careful than his apprentice to avoid making mistakes. 17.Of all the crafts in the exhibition, this pottery is most popular among visitors. 18.The craftwork displayed in the hall is well-known for its unique, which attracts many visitors. 19.It took him ten years mastering the art of wood carving. 20.Many people think that learning a traditional craft is bored and time-consuming. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：基于中职学生英语知识不牢固、学习内驱力不够的学情特点，为了更好地提高学生的学习效率，辅助教师们抓好课前、课中、课后三个教学环节，本专辑深度解读最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》，匠心打造了契合内蒙古职教高考命题特色的【内蒙古专用】《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）《一课一练》专辑，专辑共40练。 本卷为《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）Unit 6 Craftsmanship（Language Practice）的课前预习和课堂检测。 《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版） Unit 6 Craftsmanship 一课一练（29） Language Practice 【课前预习】 被动语态 语法精讲 一、被动语态基本概念 含义：主语是动作的承受者，强调动作被做，而非谁做。 基本结构：be + 及物动词的过去分词 (done) 二、被动语态三要素 助动词 be：随人称、数、时态变化 过去分词 done：固定不变 动作执行者：by + 执行者（可省略） 三、常见时态的被动语态结构 一般现在时被动：am/is/are + done 一般过去时被动：was/were + done 一般将来时被动：will be + done 情态动词被动：情态动词 (can/may/must/should) + be + done 四、主动变被动三步法 主动宾语 → 被动主语 主动谓语 → be + done 主动主语 → by + 主语（可省） 五、核心考点（必记） 不及物动词无被动：happen, take place, appear 等 感官 / 使役动词主动省 to，被动要加 to 主动：see sb. do → 被动：sb. be seen to do 短语动词被动不可丢介词 listen to → be listened to；look after → be looked after 双宾语被动：保留一个宾语，另一个用介词引出 六、解题技巧 先判主语与动作关系：承受→被动 再看时态 / 情态，定 be 动词形式 最后检查过去分词拼写与介词 【课堂检测】 一、语法单选 1．Mathematics ________ always ________ as a challenging subject, but many students ________ it interesting. A．is; regarded; find B．are; regarded; find C．is; regarding; found D．are; regarding; found 【答案】A 【详解】考查主谓一致、语态和时态的用法。句意：数学一直被认为是一门具有挑战性的学科，但许多学生发现它很有趣。分析句子可知，该句是描述客观事实用一般现在时。“Mathematics”是单数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式“is”，且与“regard”是被动关系，需用被动语态“is regarded”，构成“is regarded as”。根据“but”可知，第三空中的时态与前面的句子时态一致，用一般现在时“find”。故选A。 2．— When ________ the computer ________? — Sorry, I don’t know. But it has changed our life a lot. A．is; invented B．was; invented C．did; invent D．does; invent 【答案】B 【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：——这台电脑是什么时候被发明的？——抱歉，我不知道。但它极大地改变了我们的生活。分析句子可知电脑是“被发明”的，因此要用被动语态，结构为be + 过去分词，电脑的发明是过去发生的事情，所以要用一般过去时，be动词用was，故用was； invented。故选B。 3．Some effective measures ________ to prevent this disease from spreading. A．must take B．must taken C．must be take D．must be taken 【答案】D 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：一些行之有效的措施必须被采取，以阻止这种疾病的蔓延。take measures表示“采取措施”，措施和采取是被动关系，主语后缺少谓语，需用“情态动词+被动语态”的形式做谓语，must be taken。故选D。 4．Three fourths of the homework ________ already finished by the students.​ A．is B．are C．has been D．have been​ 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态及主谓一致性。句意：学生们已经完成了四分之三的作业。根据“already”及主语“作业”是被做的对象可知，句子谓语需用现在完成时的被动语态（have/has+been+过去分词）；“分数+ of +名词”作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于名词的数，此题中名词the homework (不可数名词)，谓语助动词需用单数形式has。故选C。 5．The machine ________ once a week to make sure it works well. A．checks B．is checked C．checked D．will be checked 【答案】B 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：这台机器每周被检查一次，以确保它运行正常。时间状语once a week表示习惯性动作，句子要用一般现在时。主语The machine和词check是被动关系，即“机器被检查”，因此要用被动语态“am /is /are +过去分词”。主语The machine是单数，所以be动词用is，动词check的过去分词是checked，因此正确形式为is checked。故选B。 6．Safety rules ________ by every student in the workshop. It’s very important for accident prevention. A．must follow B．must be followed C．followed D．are following 【答案】B 【详解】考查被动语态与情态动词。句意：车间里的安全规定必须被每个学生遵守，这对预防事故非常重要。句子主语 “Safety rules”是动作“follow”的承受对象，且此处是强制规定需用情态动词must，含情态动词的被动语态，结构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”。 “must be followed”符合被动语态和情态动词的用法要求。故选B。 7．A new workshop ________ near our school last year. It will be used for practical training soon. A．builds B．built C．was built D．will be built 【答案】C 【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：去年我们学校附近建了一个新车间，很快就会用于实训。句子主语“A new workshop”和动词build之间是被动关系，车间是“被建造”的对象，需使用被动语态；根据时间状语“last year”可知，动作发生在过去，需使用一般过去时；结合以上两点，应使用一般过去时的被动语态“was built”。故选C。 8．The telephone ________ by Bell in 1876. A．were invented B．was invented C．is invented D．are invented 【答案】B 【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：电话是贝尔于1876年发明的。根据“in 1876”可知，此句为一般过去时，且主语The telephone与动词invent之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态，因此空格处应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为：was/were+及物动词的过去分词，主语The telephone为单数，be动词用was。故选B。 9．A lot of food was ________ yesterday. A．given us B．given to us C．giving us D．to give us 【答案】B 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：昨天给了我们很多食物。“give”表示“给”，常用的结构是“give sb. sth.”，其被动语态形式有两种，分别是“sth. be given to sb.”和“sb. be given sth.”，此处主语是“A lot of food”，所以用sth. be given to sb.结构。故选B。 10．Now young people ________ to use computer to develop their _________ skills. A．are trained; problem solving B．are being trained; solving problem C．are being taught; problem solving D．are taught; solving problem 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态以及名词短语。句意：现在年轻人正在接受用电脑来发展他们解决问题能力的训练。根据“Now”可知，句子描述的是现在正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，“young people”与“train”之间是被动关系，所以应用现在进行时的被动语态，其结构是“is /am /are being+动词的过去分词”，所以第一个空应用are being trained；problem solving意为“解决问题”，此处修饰“skills”作定语，所以第二个空应用problem solving。故选C。 二、单句改错 11.Many trees plant on the hill every year. 【答案】plant → are planted 【详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语 Many trees 与动词 plant 是被动关系，需用被动语态，结构为 “be 动词 + 过去分词”，主语为复数，故将 plant 改为 are planted。 12.The letter was send by my sister yesterday. 【答案】send → sent 【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。被动语态中，动词需用过去分词形式，send 的过去分词是 sent，故将 send 改为 sent。 13.A new road is build in our town now. 【答案】build → being built 【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。时间状语 now 表示动作正在进行，主语 A new road 与 build 是被动关系，需用现在进行时的被动语态 “is being + 过去分词”，故将 build 改为 being built。 14.The problem will be discuss at the meeting tomorrow. 【答案】discuss → discussed 【详解】考查一般将来时的被动语态。被动语态中，will be 后需接动词过去分词，故将 discuss 改为 discussed。 15.The beautiful song is often sing by students in class. 【答案】sing → sung 【详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态。被动语态中，动词需用过去分词形式，sing 的过去分词是 sung，故将 sing 改为 sung。 16.The craftsman works more careful than his apprentice to avoid making mistakes. 【答案】careful → carefully 【详解】考查副词用法。works是动词，应用副词修饰，故将形容词careful改为副词carefully。 17.Of all the crafts in the exhibition, this pottery is most popular among visitors. 【答案】most popular → the most popular 【详解】考查最高级用法。形容词最高级前须加定冠词the，故将most popular改为the most popular。 18.The craftwork displayed in the hall is well-known for its unique, which attracts many visitors. 【答案】its unique → its uniqueness 【详解】考查词性。for后接名词，unique是形容词，应改为名词uniqueness，即for its uniqueness。 19.It took him ten years mastering the art of wood carving. 【答案】mastering → to master 【详解】考查固定句型。It takes sb. + time + to do sth.，故将mastering改为to master。 20.Many people think that learning a traditional craft is bored and time-consuming. 【答案】bored → boring 【详解】考查分词形容词。boring表示"令人感到无聊的"，描述事物本身，bored表示"感到无聊的"，描述人的感受。此处主语是learning a craft（事物），应用boring。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $