精品解析：北京市第三十五中学2025-2026学年第二学期期中测试高二英语试题

北京市第三十五中学2025-2026学年第二学期期中测试 高二英语 2026.4 行政班______教学班______姓名______学号______ 试卷说明：试卷分值100，考试时间90分钟。 Ⅰ卷 一、完形填空：本大题共10小题，共15分。 At 13 years old, I took a long trip to London alone. When I sat down on the coach, an elderly gray-haired man ___1___ and asked if he could sit beside me. “Of course!” He looked ___2___, so I avoided eye contact as he settled. “Hi, I’m Sam.” I awkwardly offered my right hand. “... George.” He paused before accepting it. Then, our chat ___3___. Charles had never left the country or rarely talked to strangers, while I, a third - culture kid, grew up with friends from around the world. As we learned more about each other, we both seemed to relax. Listening to George, I felt thankful for his company, age contrast notwithstanding. It’s often our experiences that ___4___ us, not age. Our conversation was interrupted by my growling stomach. I took out a sandwich and handed George another one. “Would you eat with me?” At first, he refused in shock. But the determination on my face must have been very ___5___. After a moment’s hesitation, he accepted it. As silence settled in, I felt myself falling asleep. The sudden tap on my shoulder made me ___6___ in my seat. It was George, ready to get off the bus. As I extended my hand for a final handshake, he ___7___ it in both of his, looking directly at me, his eyes full of ___8___. “Thank you for being so kind to me. Safe travels.” Looking outside, I realized that I had ___9___ shown generosity to this old man, who had probably never been offered food by a stranger. If I felt this good simply because I had unconsciously brightened someone’s day, I wonder how wonderful it would feel to show strangers kindness with ____10____. 1. A. stepped B. wandered C. returned D. approached 2. A. desperate B. nervous C. confused D. confident 3. A. broke down B. put off C. took off D. slipped away 4. A. create B. shape C. discover D. control 5. A. persuasive B. absorbing C. subjective D. mysterious 6. A. rise B. sink C. twist D. swing 7. A. waved B. supported C. cupped D. balanced 8. A. hope B. gratitude C. pride D. curiosity 9. A. consistently B. purposely C. accidentally D. thoughtfully 10. A. intention B. sympathy C. inspiration D. expectation 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者在旅途中与一位老人从陌生到熟悉并互相给予温暖的故事。 【1题详解】 考查动词。句意：当我坐在长途汽车上时，一位头发灰白的老人走过来，问是否可以坐在我旁边。A. stepped迈步；B. wandered徘徊；C. returned返回；D. approached走近。根据后文“asked if he could sit beside me”可知，老人走过来问是否可以坐在作者旁边。 【2题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他看起来很紧张，所以当他坐下时，我避免眼神接触。A. desperate绝望的；B. nervous紧张的；C. confused困惑的；D. confident自信的。根据后文“so I avoided eye contact as he settled”可知，作者避免眼神接触，说明老人看起来很紧张。 【3题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：然后，我们的聊天开始了。A. broke down分解；B. put off推迟；C. took off起飞，开始；D. slipped away溜走。根据后文“As we learned more about each other, we both seemed to relax.”可知，作者和老人开始聊天，对彼此有了更多了解。 【4题详解】 考查动词。句意：往往是我们的经历塑造了我们，而不是年龄。A. create创造；B. shape塑造；C. discover发现；D. control控制。根据后文“not age”可知，此处指经历塑造了我们，而不是年龄。 【5题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但我脸上的决心一定很有说服力。A. persuasive有说服力的；B. absorbing吸引人的；C. subjective主观的；D. mysterious神秘的。 根据前文“The sudden tap on my shoulder”以及后文“After a moment’s hesitation, he accepted it.”可知，老人最终接受了作者的邀请，说明作者脸上的决心很有说服力。 【6题详解】 考查动词。句意：突然有人拍了拍我的肩膀，让我在座位上直起身子。A. rise上升，起身；B. sink下沉；C. twist扭曲；D. swing摇摆。 根据后文“It was George, ready to get off the bus.”可知，老人准备下车，所以拍了拍作者的肩膀，让作者在座位上直起身子。 【7题详解】 考查动词。句意：当我伸出手最后握手时，他用双手捧住我的手，直视着我，眼中充满了感激。A. waved挥动；B. supported支持；C. cupped捧住；D. balanced平衡。 根据前文“As I extended my hand for a final handshake”以及后文“Thank you for being so kind to me.”可知，老人真诚致谢，双手捧住作者的手是表达郑重与感激的动作。 【8题详解】 考查名词。句意：当我伸出手最后握手时，他用双手捧住我的手，直视着我，眼中充满了感激。A. hope希望；B. gratitude感激；C. pride骄傲；D. curiosity好奇心。 根据后文“Thank you for being so kind to me.”可知，老人感谢我，所以眼中充满了感激。 【9题详解】 考查副词。句意：看着窗外，我意识到我无意中对这位老人表现出了慷慨，他可能从未被陌生人提供过食物。A. consistently一贯地；B. purposely故意地；C. accidentally无意地；D. thoughtfully体贴地。 根据后文“who had probably never been offered food by a stranger”可知，老人可能从未被陌生人提供过食物，所以作者无意中对老人表现出了慷慨。 【10题详解】 考查名词。句意：如果我感觉这么好只是因为我无意中照亮了别人的一天，我想知道，有意识地向陌生人表达善意会有多么美妙。A. intention意图；B. sympathy同情；C. inspiration灵感；D. expectation期待。 根据上文“If I felt this good simply because I had unconsciously brightened someone’s day”可知，此处与上文中的unconsciously形成对比，指带着意图向陌生人表达善意。 二、语法填空：本大题共3小题，共15分。 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The high-speed railway line connecting Beijing and Zhangjiakou, the co-host city of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, went into operation on December 30th, 2019. ___11___ (design) with 5G signals and wireless charging, the smart train G8811 departed from Beijing North Railway Station ___12___ 8:30 am to Zhangjiakou. The railway is 174 km long, with 10 stations along the line. With a maximum design speed of 350 kph, it greatly reduces the travel time from over three hours to 47 minutes, facilitating inter-city traffic. So far, the length of China’s railroad lines in service ___13___ (reach) 139,000 km, including 35,000 km of high-speed rail, ranking first in the world. 【答案】11. Designed 12. at 13. has reached 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能列车G8811。 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：采用5G信号和无线充电设计，智能列车G8811于上午8点20分从北京北站出发前往张家口。分析句子可知，此句中已有谓语动词departed，故此处应用非谓语动词；且design与主语the smart train G8811 是被动关系。故应用过去分析表被动。故填Designed. 【12题详解】 考查介词。句意：采用5G信号和无线充电设计，智能列车G8811于上午8点20分从北京北站出发前往张家口。分析句子可知，此处表示列车从8点20出发，时间点前应用介词at。故填at。 【13题详解】 考查时态。句意：到目前为止，中国铁路营业里程已达13.9万公里，其中高速铁路3.5万公里，居世界首位。根据句中的时间标志词so far可知，此处应用现在完成时；分析句子可知，此句的主语是the length，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填has reached。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 As schoolwork becomes more important, teenagers spend less time playing. However, being playful with friends and messing around with art and music are opportunities for teens to be mature. For one thing, making mistakes and learning from ____14____(they) can help teens develop their talents, ideas, and personal identities. Also, playing ____15____(offer) feelings of freedom and the mental health benefit of escaping from stress for even a few minutes. At every age, there is reason ____16____(play). 【答案】14. them 15. offers 16. to play 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。随着学业变得越来越重要，青少年花在玩耍上的时间越来越少。然而，和朋友一起玩耍，和艺术和音乐一起玩耍是青少年成熟的机会。一方面，犯错误并从中吸取教训可以帮助青少年发展他们的才能、想法和个人身份。此外，游戏提供了自由的感觉和心理健康的好处，即使是几分钟逃离压力。在每个年龄段，都有玩耍的理由。 【14题详解】 考查代词。句意：一方面，犯错误并从中吸取教训可以帮助青少年发展他们的才能、想法和个人身份。作介词的宾语，应用宾格them。故填them。 【15题详解】 考查时态。句意：此外，游戏提供了自由的感觉和心理健康的好处，即使是几分钟逃离压力。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为playing，谓语用三单形式。故填offers。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在每个年龄段，都有玩耍的理由。 there is a reason to do sth. 有做某事的理由。故填to play。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 More attention is being paid to the food astronauts eat. A lot of the food they eat ____17____(process) because it’s simple to eat and easy to transport. Unfortunately, it is sometimes low____18____ essential micro-nutrients. Therefore, the International Space Station (ISS) used a growth room to grow vegetables to find out if it was possible to grow nutritious food in space. ____19____(surprise), the differences in nutrient content were not found between ISS-grown vegetables and ground-grown ones. It shows that it is possible for astronauts to eat the food ____20____ is rich in nutrients. 【答案】17. is processed 18. in 19. Surprisingly 20. which##that 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。宇航员吃的食物受到了更多的关注。他们吃的很多食物都是加工过的，因为它们吃起来简单，也便于运输。不幸的是，它有时缺乏必需的微量营养素。因此，国际空间站使用了一个种植室来种植蔬菜，以了解是否有可能在太空中种植有营养的食物。令人惊讶的是，在国际空间站种植的蔬菜和地面种植的蔬菜之间没有发现营养成分的差异。这表明宇航员吃营养丰富的食物是可能的。 【17题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：他们吃的很多食物都是加工过的，因为它们吃起来简单，也便于运输。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据eat可知为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为A lot of the food，谓语用单数。故填is processed。 【18题详解】 考查介词。句意：不幸的是，它有时缺乏必需的微量营养素。结合句意表示“缺乏”可知短语为be low in。故填in。 【19题详解】 考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，在国际空间站种植的蔬菜和地面种植的蔬菜之间没有发现营养成分的差异。修饰后文句子应用副词surprisingly，句首单词首字母大写。故填Surprisingly。 【20题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这表明宇航员吃营养丰富的食物是可能的。定语从句修饰先行词food，在从句中作主语，指物，故填which/that。 二、阅读理解：本大题共14小题，共28分。 A Our teen poetry workshops at Poets House are opportunities for writers in high school to create and explore poetry in one of the largest poetry libraries in the country. Young poets are given a chance to dig into the art and craft of poetry in a fun, creative and inspiring environment. Join Dave Johnson Workshop Join Dave Johnson Workshop to write daily new poems in only 10 minutes. Click the banner for two series of video poetry workshops where poet, playwright and educator Dave Johnson chooses a poet each day, and takes us through a close reading of their work. He gives us an instruction based on their work, then a short biography and reads an additional poem. These workshops are fun and surprising, for teens through adults, free. The Thompson Foundation Initiative The highlight of our teen poetry workshop program is the Thompson Foundation Initiative, through which noted poets visit high school classrooms followed by free follow-up class visits to Poets House. Recent teachers have included Dave Johnson, Jive Poetic, and Mahogany Browne. This initiative is meant to increase access to poetic education for under served schools and students by combining hands-on instruction from established poets with on-site visits to our extensive library. Students engage with poetry through reading, writing, and art projects that integrate the visual and linguistic. If you are a teacher interested in this program, please reach out to Reggie Harris to arrange sessions for your class. Free class trips for all age levels are also available outside of this program. Intensive Workshops for Teens Advanced, individualized study is available periodically for students who want to continue writing poetry, through either our day-long or week-long intensive workshops. ·One-day workshops: Participation is free. All interested teens are encouraged to sign up. ·Week-long workshops: Participants are determined through an application process and an external judge; all interested high school students are encouraged to apply. Financial aid is available. 21. Teens can get to know one poet on a daily basis in _______. A. Dave Johnson Workshop B. the Thompson Foundation Initiative C. Jive Poetic Workshop D. Intensive Workshops for Teens 22. In the Thompson Foundation Initiative, students can _______. A. contact Reggie Harris to attend class trips B. visit Poets House with Mahogany Browne C. work one-on-one with established poets D. learn and enjoy poetry in diverse ways 23. What do the workshops in the passage have in common? A. They are free of charge. B. They are for all age groups. C. They offer chances to write poems. D. They have famous poets as teachers. 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在诗人之家举办的青少年诗歌研讨会为高中作家提供的三个学习研讨诗歌的项目。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Click the banner for two series of video poetry workshops where poet, playwright and educator Dave Johnson chooses a poet each day, and takes us through a close reading of their work.”（点击横幅，观看两个系列的视频诗歌研讨会，诗人、剧作家和教育家戴夫·约翰逊每天都会选择一位诗人，并带我们仔细阅读他们的作品。）可知，青少年每日可以通过戴夫·约翰逊研讨会了解一位诗人。故选A项。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据The Thompson Foundation Initiative标题下“Students engage with poetry through reading, writing, and art projects that integrate the visual and linguistic.”（学生通过阅读、写作和融合视觉和语言的艺术项目参与诗歌创作。）可知，在汤普森基金会倡议活动中学生可以通过不同的方式学习和享受诗歌。故选D项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Join Dave Johnson Workshop to write daily new poems in only 10 minutes.”（加入戴夫·约翰逊工作坊，只需10分钟即可写出每日新诗。）及The Thompson Foundation Initiative标题下“Students engage with poetry through reading, writing, and art projects that integrate the visual and linguistic.”（学生通过阅读、写作和融合视觉和语言的艺术项目参与诗歌创作。）及Intensive Workshops for Teens标题下“Advanced, individualized study is available periodically for students who want to continue writing poetry, through either our day-long or week-long intensive workshops.”（通过我们为期一天或一周的强化研讨会，希望继续写诗的学生可以定期进行高级个性化学习。）可知，三个研讨会的共同点是它们提供了写诗歌的机会。故选C项。 B Many people have felt isolated and afraid during the pandemic this year, and the Weber family is no different. But 11-year-old Emerson Weber has a hobby that has turned into a remarkable antidote. Emerson writes letters — lots of letters. One day last spring, she even wrote to Doug, her mail carrier. “I want to thank you for taking my letters and delivering them,” she said. “You are very important to me.” In no time at all, Emerson’s simple thank-you note was shared around the United States Postal Service (USPS). Many of the workers who read it wrote her back. Her father was so moved by the response that he took to Twitter to share his appreciation for the outpouring of love. “Emerson, my 11-year-old, is on a bit of a wild ride with the USPS and our local mail carrier, Doug.” The next day after Emerson gave Doug the letter, a package arrived with two letters. Doug had shared Emerson’s letter with his supervisor, Sara, and they both wanted to share how touched they were. The next week, they got a letter addressed to “Mr. and Mrs. Weber”. It seemed that Sara had shared Emerson’s note as a “Token of Thanks” in the internal USPS newsletter, and there were postal folks that wanted to thank her. That day, the family saw Doug getting out of the truck with two BOXES of letters from around the country. These letters were so deeply human. They were filled with family, pets, hobbies, community, and an overwhelming sense of kindness. But there was something more in these letters. People felt seen — some for the first time in a long time. “I work alone in a small rural post office ...” “My kids all live far away ...” “Not a lot of people think about how hard we work ...” One wrote, “I can’t tell you how much it means to read your letter ...” With dozens of new pen pals, Emerson did what she does best. She wrote. She acknowledged that there WERE a lot of letters, but she read them all. “I’m not sharing this because I’m a proud dad,” her father wrote on Twitter. “I’m sharing it because it is relatively easy, if we take the time, to give others the one thing they need to be well — human connection. Emerson does this boldly. Her lesson to me was simple: It’s the small things that matter most.” Send a letter. Make a call. Take a step of boldness. For yourself or for others. 24. Mr. Weber shared Emerson’s story on Twitter because ________. A. he was moved by the readers’ response B. he wanted more people to read the letter C. he took great pride in being Emerson’s father D. he was thankful to Doug for delivering letters 25. What do the letters in the passage symbolize? A. A sense of community. B. The company of family. C. A bond between people. D. The outpouring of courage. 26. Which of the following words can best describe Emerson? A. Selfless and patient. B. Smart and mature. C. Determined and proud. D. Loving and grateful. 【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在流感大流行期间，许多人都感到孤独害怕的时候，Emerson Weber用写信的方式给人们传递温暖和力量。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Her father was so moved by the response that he took to Twitter to share his appreciation for the outpouring of love.(她的父亲被这些回复深深打动，他在推特上分享了他对这份爱的感激之情)”可知，Mr. Weber在推特上分享Emerson的故事是因为被读者的回复打动了。故选A项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据本文第一句“Many people have felt isolated and afraid during the pandemic this year, and the Weber family is no different. (在今年的流感大流行期间，许多人感到孤立和害怕，Weber一家也不例外)”以及后文Emerson的行动可知，Emerson用写信的方式让人们在流感的孤立害怕时期感到了人与人之间的温暖，再根据最后一段Emerson的父亲在推特上所说“I’m sharing it because it is relatively easy, if we take the time, to give others the one thing they need to be well — human connection. (我分享它是因为，如果我们花时间，给别人他们所需要的东西是相对容易的——那就是良好的人际关系)”可推知，这些信就是人与人之间的联系纽带。故选C项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中Emerson 信中所说的“I want to thank you for taking my letters and delivering them(我想感谢你收下我的信并把它们寄出去)”和后文所说他的感谢信被广泛分享，以及他写的那么多信给人们送去关心和温暖可知，Emerson是个充满爱心和感恩心的孩子。故选D项。 C GOING TO UNIVERSITY is supposed to be a mind-broadening experience. That statement is probably made in comparison to training for work straight after school, which might not be so encouraging. But is it actually true? Jessika Golle of the University of Tübingen, in Germany, thought she would try to find out. Her result, however, is not quite what might be expected. As she reports in Psychological Science this week, she found that those who have been to university do indeed seem to leave with broader and more inquiring minds than those who have spent their immediate post-school years in vocational (职业的) training for work. However, it was not the case that university broadened minds. Rather, work seemed to narrow them. Dr. Golle came to this conclusion after she and a team of colleagues studied the early careers of 2,095 German youngsters. The team used two standardized tests to assess their volunteers. One was of personality traits, including openness, conscientiousness（认真）and so on. The other was of attitudes, such as realistic, investigative and enterprising. They administered both tests twice—once towards the end of each volunteer’s time at school, and then again six years later. Of the original group, 382 were on the intermediate track, from which there was a choice between the academic and vocational routes, and it was on these that the researchers focused. University beckoned for 212 of them. The remaining 170 chose vocational training and a job. When it came to the second round of tests, Dr. Golle found that the personalities of those who had gone to university had not changed significantly. Those who had undergone vocational training and then got jobs were not that much changed in personality, either—except in one crucial respect. They had become more conscientious. That sounds like a good thing, certainly compared with the common public image of undergraduates as a bunch of lazybones. But changes in attitude that the researchers recorded were rather worrying. In the university group, again, none were detectable. But those who had chosen the vocational route showed marked drops in interest in tasks that are investigative and enterprising in nature. And that might restrict their choice of careers. Some investigative and enterprising jobs, such as scientific research, are, indeed beyond the degreeless. But many, particularly in Germany, with its tradition of vocational training, are not. The researchers mention, for example, computer programmers and finance-sector workers as careers requiring these traits. If Dr. Golle is correct, and changes in attitude brought about by the very training Germany prides itself on are narrowing people’s choices, that is indeed a matter worthy of serious consideration. 27. Which of the following can best replace “beckoned for” in Paragraph 2? A. Examined. B. Attracted. C. Organized. D. Recognized. 28. What can we learn from the research? A. The degreeless have not changed in personalities. B. Going to university is a mind-broadening experience. C. Working straight after school narrows people’s minds. D. College students pride themselves on their education. 29. According to the last two paragraphs, . A. college students enjoy a very good public image B. the undergraduates have changed significantly in attitude C. the degreeless are much better at dealing with challenging tasks D. people show less interest in investigative jobs due to vocational training 30. What is the author’s attitude towards the finding? A. Concerned. B. Optimistic. C. Unclear. D. Sceptical. 【答案】27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇社会类短文阅读。德国蒂宾根大学的Jessika Golle通过对比调查上大学和参加职业培训的两组人之间在个性特征和态度方面的差别，指出选择职业路线的人在调查性和进取性的任务上表现出明显的兴趣下降，而这可能会限制他们选择职业。而德国有悠久的职业培训历史，如果这一发现是正确的，那么由于培训而带来态度上的变化缩小了人们的选择，这确实是一个值得认真考虑的问题。 【27题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第二段Of the original group, 382 were on the intermediate track, from which there was a choice between the academic and vocational routes, and it was on these that the researchers focused. University beckoned for 212 of them. The remaining 170 chose vocational training and a job.可知，原始组中有382人就读中等学校，这些人是研究人员重点关注的对象。其中212名被大学录取，剩下的170人选择职业培训或参加工作。根据后句The remaining 170 chose vocational training and a job.从而可以猜测出beckoned for为“召唤；吸引”之意。故选B。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段As she reports in Psychological Science this week,she found that those who have been to university do indeed seem to leave with broader and more inquiring minds than those who have spent their immediate post-school years in vocational training for work.However, it was not the case that university broadened minds. Rather, work seemed to narrow them.可知，本周她在《心理科学》的报告称，她发现和那些离校后马上进行职业训练的人相比，那些读过大学的人看起来确实在毕业后有更加开阔的探索性的思维。但大学能够开阔思维，其实并非如此。而是工作似乎会使思维狭隘。故选C。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后两段，尤其倒数第二段中But those who had chosen the vocational route showed marked drops in interest in tasks that are investigative and enterprising in nature.可知，但是那些选择职业培训的人，他们对调查型和进取性任务的兴趣明显下降，从而可以推断出由于职业培训，人们对调查性工作的兴趣降低。故选D。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段If Dr. Golle is correct, and changes in attitude brought about by the very training Germany prides itself on are narrowing people’s choices, that is indeed a matter worthy of serious consideration.可知，如果Golle的结论正确，并且由于培训（德国人以此为傲）而带来态度上的变化缩小了人们的选择，这确实是一个值得认真考虑的问题，可以推断出，作者对这一发现持关注的态度。故选A。 【点睛】推断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。例如小题4，就是根据文章最后一段If Dr. Golle is correct, and changes in attitude brought about by the very training Germany prides itself on are narrowing people’s choices, that is indeed a matter worthy of serious consideration.中的关键词a matter worthy of serious consideration（一个值得认真考虑的问题）可以推断出，作者对这一发现持关注的态度，从而可以推断出答案。 D For several decades, there has been an extensive and organized campaign intended to generate distrust in science, funded by those whose interests and ideologies are threatened by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things. Stressing successes isn’t wrong, but for many people it’s not persuasive. An alternative answer to the question “Why trust science?” is that scientists use the so-called scientific method. If you’ve got a high school science textbook lying around, you’ll probably find that answer in it. But what is typically thought to be the scientific method — develop a hypothesis (假设), then design an experiment to test it — isn’t what scientists actually do. Science is dynamic: new methods get invented; old ones get abandoned; and sometimes, scientists can be found doing many different things. If there is no identifiable scientific method, then what is the reason for trust in science? The answer is how those claims are evaluated. The common element in modern science, regardless of the specific field or the particular methods being used, is the strict scrutiny (审查) of claims. It’s this tough, sustained process that works to make sure faulty claims are rejected. A scientific claim is never accepted as true until it has gone through a lengthy “peer review” because the reviewers are experts in the same field who have both the right and the obligation (责任) to find faults. A key aspect of scientific judgment is that it is done collectively. No claim gets accepted until it has been vetted by dozens, if not hundreds, of heads. In areas that have been contested, like climate science and vaccine safety, it’s thousands. This is why we are generally justified in not worrying too much if a single scientist, even a very famous one, disagrees with the claim. And this is why diversity in science — the more people looking at a claim from different angles — is important. Does this process ever go wrong? Of course. Scientists are humans. There is always the possibility of revising a claim on the basis of new evidence. Some people argue that we should not trust science because scientists are “always changing their minds.” While examples of truly settled science being overturned are far fewer than is sometimes claimed, they do exist. But the beauty of this scientific process is that it explains what might otherwise appear paradoxical (矛盾的): that science produces both novelty and stability. Scientists do change their minds in the face of new evidence, but this is a strength of science, not a weakness. 31. How does the author think of the scientific method? A. Stable. B. Persuasive. C. Unreliable. D. Unrealistic. 32. What does the underlined word “vetted” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Explained. B. Examined. C. Repeated. D. Released. 33. According to the passage, the author may agree that ______. A. it is not persuasive to reject those faulty claims B. settled science tends to be collectively overturned C. a leading expert cannot play a decisive role in a scrutiny D. diversity in knowledge is the common element in science 34. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Put Your Faith in Science B. Defend the Truth in Science C. Apply Your Mind to Science D. Explore A Dynamic Way to Science 【答案】31. C 32. B 33. C 34. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了为什么科学值得我们信任。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。由第二段中的But what is typically thought to be the scientific method — develop a hypothesis (假设), then design an experiment to test it — isn’t what scientists actually do. Science is dynamic: new methods get invented; old ones get abandoned; and sometimes, scientists can be found doing many different things.可知，但是通常被认为是科学方法的方法——提出一个假设，然后设计一个实验来验证它——并不是科学家们真正在做的。科学是动态的：新方法被发明；旧的被遗弃；有时，科学家们会做很多不同的事情。由此可知，作者认为科学不是一成不变的，是新的方法不断发明，取代旧的方法。即科学方法不是固定的，不可信赖的，我们不能一成不变地依赖一种方法。故选C项。 【32题详解】 词义猜测题。由划线词所在句的前文A key aspect of scientific judgment is that it is done collectively.可知，科学判断的一个关键方面是集体判断。由此推知，划线词所在句No claim gets accepted until it has been vetted by dozens, if not hundreds, of heads.意为“只有经过几十个（如果不是几百个）负责人的审查，观点才会被接受。”由此可知，划线词意为“审查，仔细检查”。故选B项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。由第四段中的A key aspect of scientific judgment is that it is done collectively. No claim gets accepted until it has been vetted by dozens, if not hundreds, of heads.(科学判断的一个关键方面是集体判断。只有经过几十个（如果不是几百个）负责人的审查，观点才会被接受)及This is why we are generally justified in not worrying too much if a single scientist, even a very famous one, disagrees with the claim.(这就是为什么当一个科学家，即使是一个非常著名的科学家，不同意这种观点时，我们通常没有理由过分担心)可知，科学观点是经过多人审查的，而某一个人，即使是非常著名的科学家也不能在审查中起决定性作用。故选C项。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。由第一段For several decades, there has been an extensive and organized campaign intended to generate distrust in science, funded by those whose interests and ideologies are threatened by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things. (几十年来，一直存在着一场广泛的、有组织的运动，旨在引起人们对科学的不信任，其资助者是那些其利益和意识形态受到现代科学发现威胁的人。作为回应，科学家们倾向于强调科学的成功。毕竟，科学家在大多数事情上都是正确的)及最后一段中的Scientists do change their minds in the face of new evidence, but this is a strength of science, not a weakness.(面对新的证据，科学家的确会改变主意，但这是科学的强项，而不是弱点)可知，文章主要论述了我们为什么要相信科学。由此可知，A. Put Your Faith in Science(相信科学)适合做本文最佳标题。故选A项。 三、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共10分。 七选五，根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Now it is job hunting season again. The job fairs flood with hundreds and thousands of 2011 graduate students. Owing to the global financial crisis, most of the graduate students admit that job hunting is not that easy any longer. It is always a painful process for college students to find jobs.____35____. However, job positions are quite limited. In order to get a job, the candidates should be more competitive than ever before. A Chinese expert predicted that the job hunting pressure in China, with a rocketing increase in the active labor force, would reach its climax in 2006. Yet, this situation continues in 2010. In order to transfer the human resources that are more than needed or wanted to the less developed areas in China, the government has tried to launch a series of policies to help release the pressure._____36_____. ___37___. A higher education may be more helpful to find a good job in the future, while the temptation of an exciting job and the strong will of being a “real” adult urge the youth to step into society early. For example, when an undergraduate mechanical science and technology major at a famous university is preparing for his postgraduate exam, he receives an offer from a big foreign company one day.____38____. Anyway, it is really tough to prepare for the postgraduate examination. ___39___. This is a tough time and everyone should have some shining points to win the employers’ favor. As products of universities, college students are expected to be first-rate talents and should step into the excellent group in the society. However, these students may achieve unexpected success in the fields where their professional knowledge functions to its maximization. A. Most probably, he is so excited that he decides to quit the exam next year. B. Almost everyone worries about the result of the postgraduate examination. C. “Survival of the fittest.” Darwin’s evolution theory appears in the personnel market. D. With many colleges enlarged in recent years, large numbers of graduates need to hunt jobs. E. What’s more, financial support is provided to encourage the graduates to start their own career. F. To go on with further education or to find a job is one of the hardest decisions for the graduate students to make now. G. Competition for a job would be fierce as graduates this year will have to join the job hunting group from previous years. 【答案】35. D 36. E 37. F 38. A 39. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是大学生找工作难这个现象。 【35题详解】 空前说“It is always a painful process for college students to find jobs.(对于大学生来说，找工作总是一个痛苦的过程。)”，空后说“However, job positions are quite limited.(然而，工作岗位是非常有限的。)”，However表转折，因此空格处应说需要工作的人很多，D选项“With many colleges enlarged in recent years, large numbers of graduates need to hunt jobs.(随着近年来许多大学的扩大，大量的毕业生需要找工作。)”说明了需要找工作的大学生很多，承上启下，符合语境，故选D。 【36题详解】 空格前说“In order to transfer the human resources that are more than needed or wanted to the less developed areas in China, the government has tried to launch a series of policies to help release the pressure.(为了将中国急需或想要的人力资源转移到欠发达地区，政府试图推出一系列政策来帮助缓解压力。)”，描述政府推出的解决问题的举措，E选项“What’s more, financial support is provided to encourage the graduates to start their own career.(更重要的是，也提供财政支持鼓励毕业生自己创业。)”是政府的另一举措，E选项承接上文，符合语境，故选E。 【37题详解】 空格后说“A higher education may be more helpful to find a good job in the future, while the temptation of an exciting job and the strong will of being a “real” adult urge the youth to step into society early.(高等教育可能更有助于在未来找到一份好工作，一份令人兴奋的工作的诱惑和成为一个“真正的”成年人的坚强意志敦促年轻人及早踏入社会。)”，引出大学生在接受更高程度的教育和找工作之间的纠结，F选项“To go on with further education or to find a job is one of the hardest decisions for the graduate students to make now.(继续深造还是找工作是现在的毕业生最难做的决定之一。)”表明了大学生在深造和找工作之间的纠结，因此F选项引起下文，符合语境，故选F。 【38题详解】 空前说“For example, when an undergraduate mechanical science and technology major at a famous university is preparing for his postgraduate exam, he receives an offer from a big foreign company one day.(例如，某知名大学机械科学与技术专业的一名本科生正在准备研究生考试，有一天他收到了一家大型外国公司的录用通知。)”，因此推断空格处应接着说这个本科生在收到录用通知后会有什么反应，A选项“Most probably, he is so excited that he decides to quit the exam next year.(很可能，他是如此兴奋，他决定退出明年的考试。)”是这位本科生可能的反应，因此A选项承接上文，符合语境，故选A。 【39题详解】 空格后说“This is a tough time and everyone should have some shining points to win the employers’ favor.(这是一个艰难的时期，每个人都应该有一些闪光点来赢得雇主的青睐。)”，也就是说在就业市场，最优秀的人才能找到工作，C选项“'Survival of the fittest.' Darwin’s evolution theory appears in the personnel market.(“适者生存。”达尔文的进化论出现在人才市场。)”说明了人才市场和自然界一样，也是最优秀的人才能生存，因此C选项引起下文，符合语境，故选C。 Ⅱ卷 五、阅读表达：共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Be Aware of the Anti-climax Many of us work tirelessly towards our goals, We may spend our lives dreaming of the day we are admitted to our dream university, publish our first book or purchase our first home. However, more than often, when we achieve these things, it doesn’t feel quite as expected. In fact, the achievement of these goals feels anti-climactic, or a bit of a letdown. “An anti-climax can be an unexpected by-product of a milestone achievement. Usually, the more significant the milestone, the greater the anti-climax may be,” says Rachel Vora, psychotherapist and founder of CYP Wellbeing. “The journey to achieving a milestone can be exciting and all-consuming. Therefore, when this disappears overnight, we can often feel lost and confused.” In psychology, the belief that we’ll be happier when we achieve our goals even has a fancy scientific name. Psychologists call it “arrival fallacy (悖论)” and it plays a big part in those feelings of emptiness that can follow achieving a goal. “The term describes how fulfilling our goals and achieving our ambitions doesn’t lead to a ‘happily ever after’”, states psychologist Lee Chambers. If you find yourself currently working toward something big that you suspect may feel like a bit of a letdown, there are steps you can take to manage and even prevent the feeling of anti-climax. Enjoy the journey You’d better slow down a little and come to realize that joy comes from the doing, not the completing. So instead of rushing for it to be done, take a moment to enjoy the doing. Foresee the comedown If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, schedule an activity to look forward to soon after the event has finished. Consider planning some time with friends and family, or attending a concert or even a cooking class. This can act as a reminder that other aspects of life can be just as fulfilling. Normalize the experience The key is to normalize feelings of low mood, confusion, and self-doubt around anti-climaxes, which are something many people experience. Connecting with others may also be beneficial. It can help to engage with friends and influencers online who share similar experiences to feel less isolated (孤立的) with your own emotions. 40. According to the passage, how do people often feel after they make great achievements? 41. What does “arrival fallacy” refer to? 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. To deal with your anti-climax, you’d better stay away from those who share similar experiences with you. 43. Suppose you have just been admitted to your dream university. What will you do to deal with the anti-climax? (In about 40 words) 【答案】40. People often feel lost and confused. 41. It refers to the belief that people will be happier when they achieve their goals. 42. To deal with your anti-climax, you’d better stay away from those who share similar experiences with you. You’d better engage/connect with those who share similar experiences with you. 43. I can schedule an activity to look forward to soon after I have just been admitted to my dream university,or I can consider planning some time with friends and family, or attending a concert or even a cooking class. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们生活中实现了自己不懈努力的目标后可能出现的“反高潮”现象，并且介绍了一些我们可以采取的措施来管理甚至防止反高潮的感觉。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“Therefore, when this disappears overnight, we can often feel lost and confused.(因此，当这一夜之间消失时，我们常常会感到迷茫和困惑)”，可知人们在取得巨大成就后通常会会感到迷茫和困惑。故答案为People often feel lost and confused. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“In psychology, the belief that we’ll be happier when we achieve our goals even has a fancy scientific name. Psychologists call it “arrival fallacy (悖论)” and it plays a big part in those feelings of emptiness that can follow achieving a goal.(在心理学中，当我们实现目标时我们会更快乐的信念甚至有一个奇特的学名。心理学家称之为“到达谬误”，它在实现目标后产生的空虚感中起着重要作用。)”，可知“到达谬论”指的是当我们实现目标时我们会更快乐的信念。故答案为It refers to the belief that people will be happier when they achieve their goals. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段“Connecting with others may also be beneficial. It can help to engage with friends and influencers online who share similar experiences to feel less isolated (孤立的) with your own emotions. (与他人联系也可能有益。这有助于与在线朋友和有影响力的人接触，他们有着相似的经历，从而减少与自己情绪的隔离感。)”，可知为了应对你的反高潮，你最好联系那些与你有相似经历的人。故答案为：To deal with your anti-climax, you’d better stay away from those who share similar experiences with you. You’d better engage/connect with those who share similar experiences with you.. 【43题详解】 开放试题。根据Foresee the comedown标题下的一段“If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, schedule an activity to look forward to soon after the event has finished. Consider planning some time with friends and family, or attending a concert or even a cooking class. This can act as a reminder that other aspects of life can be just as fulfilling. (如果你意识到一个潜在的反高潮即将到来，安排一个可以期待的在这件事结束不久的活动。考虑安排一些时间与朋友和家人在一起，或参加音乐会，甚至烹饪课。这可以提醒人们，生活的其他方面也同样令人满意。)”，可知假设我刚刚被你梦想中的大学录取。我可以安排一个可以期待的在大学录取后不久的活动，或是考虑安排一些时间与朋友和家人在一起，或参加音乐会，甚至烹饪课。故答案为：I can schedule an activity to look forward to soon after I have just been admitted to my dream university,or I can consider planning some time with friends and family, or attending a concert or even a cooking class. 六、书面表达：共20分 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校英国留学生Jim暂时留在英国不能回校，但他邮寄的摄影作品“桃花(peach blossom)”在你校“春天(Spring)”摄影展获一等奖。请给他写一封邮件： 1.祝贺获奖 2.介绍展出情况 要求： -词数100左右 -开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数 Dear Jim, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m writing to offer my sincere congratulations to you. It’s amazing that your photography work Peach Blossom won the first prize in our school’s Spring Photography Exhibition. Your work has been on display in our school hall these days. Many teachers and students admire it greatly because it perfectly captures the gentle beauty of spring peach blossoms. They all say your delicate shooting skills bring people a strong sense of warmth and vitality. Though you are not back to school, your wonderful work lets us feel the charm of spring. I hope you will create more excellent works in the future. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】题目要求考生以李华的身份给英国留学生Jim写邮件，祝贺其摄影作品获奖并介绍展出情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 真诚的：sincere→genuine 令人惊奇的：amazing→astonishing 展览：display→exhibition 欣赏：admire→appreciate 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Though you are not back to school, your wonderful work lets us feel the charm of spring. 拓展句：Although you can’t return to school, your fantastic work enables us to sense the unique charm of spring. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s amazing that your photography work Peach Blossom won the first prize in our school’s Spring Photography Exhibition.（运用了it作形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句） 【高分句型2】Many teachers and students admire it greatly because it perfectly captures the gentle beauty of spring peach blossoms.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市第三十五中学2025-2026学年第二学期期中测试 高二英语 2026.4 行政班______教学班______姓名______学号______ 试卷说明：试卷分值100，考试时间90分钟。 Ⅰ卷 一、完形填空：本大题共10小题，共15分。 At 13 years old, I took a long trip to London alone. When I sat down on the coach, an elderly gray-haired man ___1___ and asked if he could sit beside me. “Of course!” He looked ___2___, so I avoided eye contact as he settled. “Hi, I’m Sam.” I awkwardly offered my right hand. “... George.” He paused before accepting it. Then, our chat ___3___. Charles had never left the country or rarely talked to strangers, while I, a third - culture kid, grew up with friends from around the world. As we learned more about each other, we both seemed to relax. Listening to George, I felt thankful for his company, age contrast notwithstanding. It’s often our experiences that ___4___ us, not age. Our conversation was interrupted by my growling stomach. I took out a sandwich and handed George another one. “Would you eat with me?” At first, he refused in shock. But the determination on my face must have been very ___5___. After a moment’s hesitation, he accepted it. As silence settled in, I felt myself falling asleep. The sudden tap on my shoulder made me ___6___ in my seat. It was George, ready to get off the bus. As I extended my hand for a final handshake, he ___7___ it in both of his, looking directly at me, his eyes full of ___8___. “Thank you for being so kind to me. Safe travels.” Looking outside, I realized that I had ___9___ shown generosity to this old man, who had probably never been offered food by a stranger. If I felt this good simply because I had unconsciously brightened someone’s day, I wonder how wonderful it would feel to show strangers kindness with ____10____. 1. A. stepped B. wandered C. returned D. approached 2. A. desperate B. nervous C. confused D. confident 3. A. broke down B. put off C. took off D. slipped away 4. A. create B. shape C. discover D. control 5. A. persuasive B. absorbing C. subjective D. mysterious 6. A. rise B. sink C. twist D. swing 7. A. waved B. supported C. cupped D. balanced 8. A. hope B. gratitude C. pride D. curiosity 9. A. consistently B. purposely C. accidentally D. thoughtfully 10. A. intention B. sympathy C. inspiration D. expectation 二、语法填空：本大题共3小题，共15分。 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The high-speed railway line connecting Beijing and Zhangjiakou, the co-host city of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, went into operation on December 30th, 2019. ___11___ (design) with 5G signals and wireless charging, the smart train G8811 departed from Beijing North Railway Station ___12___ 8:30 am to Zhangjiakou. The railway is 174 km long, with 10 stations along the line. With a maximum design speed of 350 kph, it greatly reduces the travel time from over three hours to 47 minutes, facilitating inter-city traffic. So far, the length of China’s railroad lines in service ___13___ (reach) 139,000 km, including 35,000 km of high-speed rail, ranking first in the world. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 As schoolwork becomes more important, teenagers spend less time playing. However, being playful with friends and messing around with art and music are opportunities for teens to be mature. For one thing, making mistakes and learning from ____14____(they) can help teens develop their talents, ideas, and personal identities. Also, playing ____15____(offer) feelings of freedom and the mental health benefit of escaping from stress for even a few minutes. At every age, there is reason ____16____(play). C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 More attention is being paid to the food astronauts eat. A lot of the food they eat ____17____(process) because it’s simple to eat and easy to transport. Unfortunately, it is sometimes low____18____ essential micro-nutrients. Therefore, the International Space Station (ISS) used a growth room to grow vegetables to find out if it was possible to grow nutritious food in space. ____19____(surprise), the differences in nutrient content were not found between ISS-grown vegetables and ground-grown ones. It shows that it is possible for astronauts to eat the food ____20____ is rich in nutrients. 二、阅读理解：本大题共14小题，共28分。 A Our teen poetry workshops at Poets House are opportunities for writers in high school to create and explore poetry in one of the largest poetry libraries in the country. Young poets are given a chance to dig into the art and craft of poetry in a fun, creative and inspiring environment. Join Dave Johnson Workshop Join Dave Johnson Workshop to write daily new poems in only 10 minutes. Click the banner for two series of video poetry workshops where poet, playwright and educator Dave Johnson chooses a poet each day, and takes us through a close reading of their work. He gives us an instruction based on their work, then a short biography and reads an additional poem. These workshops are fun and surprising, for teens through adults, free. The Thompson Foundation Initiative The highlight of our teen poetry workshop program is the Thompson Foundation Initiative, through which noted poets visit high school classrooms followed by free follow-up class visits to Poets House. Recent teachers have included Dave Johnson, Jive Poetic, and Mahogany Browne. This initiative is meant to increase access to poetic education for under served schools and students by combining hands-on instruction from established poets with on-site visits to our extensive library. Students engage with poetry through reading, writing, and art projects that integrate the visual and linguistic. If you are a teacher interested in this program, please reach out to Reggie Harris to arrange sessions for your class. Free class trips for all age levels are also available outside of this program. Intensive Workshops for Teens Advanced, individualized study is available periodically for students who want to continue writing poetry, through either our day-long or week-long intensive workshops. ·One-day workshops: Participation is free. All interested teens are encouraged to sign up. ·Week-long workshops: Participants are determined through an application process and an external judge; all interested high school students are encouraged to apply. Financial aid is available. 21. Teens can get to know one poet on a daily basis in _______. A. Dave Johnson Workshop B. the Thompson Foundation Initiative C. Jive Poetic Workshop D. Intensive Workshops for Teens 22. In the Thompson Foundation Initiative, students can _______. A. contact Reggie Harris to attend class trips B. visit Poets House with Mahogany Browne C. work one-on-one with established poets D. learn and enjoy poetry in diverse ways 23. What do the workshops in the passage have in common? A. They are free of charge. B. They are for all age groups. C. They offer chances to write poems. D. They have famous poets as teachers. B Many people have felt isolated and afraid during the pandemic this year, and the Weber family is no different. But 11-year-old Emerson Weber has a hobby that has turned into a remarkable antidote. Emerson writes letters — lots of letters. One day last spring, she even wrote to Doug, her mail carrier. “I want to thank you for taking my letters and delivering them,” she said. “You are very important to me.” In no time at all, Emerson’s simple thank-you note was shared around the United States Postal Service (USPS). Many of the workers who read it wrote her back. Her father was so moved by the response that he took to Twitter to share his appreciation for the outpouring of love. “Emerson, my 11-year-old, is on a bit of a wild ride with the USPS and our local mail carrier, Doug.” The next day after Emerson gave Doug the letter, a package arrived with two letters. Doug had shared Emerson’s letter with his supervisor, Sara, and they both wanted to share how touched they were. The next week, they got a letter addressed to “Mr. and Mrs. Weber”. It seemed that Sara had shared Emerson’s note as a “Token of Thanks” in the internal USPS newsletter, and there were postal folks that wanted to thank her. That day, the family saw Doug getting out of the truck with two BOXES of letters from around the country. These letters were so deeply human. They were filled with family, pets, hobbies, community, and an overwhelming sense of kindness. But there was something more in these letters. People felt seen — some for the first time in a long time. “I work alone in a small rural post office ...” “My kids all live far away ...” “Not a lot of people think about how hard we work ...” One wrote, “I can’t tell you how much it means to read your letter ...” With dozens of new pen pals, Emerson did what she does best. She wrote. She acknowledged that there WERE a lot of letters, but she read them all. “I’m not sharing this because I’m a proud dad,” her father wrote on Twitter. “I’m sharing it because it is relatively easy, if we take the time, to give others the one thing they need to be well — human connection. Emerson does this boldly. Her lesson to me was simple: It’s the small things that matter most.” Send a letter. Make a call. Take a step of boldness. For yourself or for others. 24. Mr. Weber shared Emerson’s story on Twitter because ________. A. he was moved by the readers’ response B. he wanted more people to read the letter C. he took great pride in being Emerson’s father D. he was thankful to Doug for delivering letters 25. What do the letters in the passage symbolize? A. A sense of community. B. The company of family. C. A bond between people. D. The outpouring of courage. 26. Which of the following words can best describe Emerson? A. Selfless and patient. B. Smart and mature. C. Determined and proud. D. Loving and grateful. C GOING TO UNIVERSITY is supposed to be a mind-broadening experience. That statement is probably made in comparison to training for work straight after school, which might not be so encouraging. But is it actually true? Jessika Golle of the University of Tübingen, in Germany, thought she would try to find out. Her result, however, is not quite what might be expected. As she reports in Psychological Science this week, she found that those who have been to university do indeed seem to leave with broader and more inquiring minds than those who have spent their immediate post-school years in vocational (职业的) training for work. However, it was not the case that university broadened minds. Rather, work seemed to narrow them. Dr. Golle came to this conclusion after she and a team of colleagues studied the early careers of 2,095 German youngsters. The team used two standardized tests to assess their volunteers. One was of personality traits, including openness, conscientiousness（认真）and so on. The other was of attitudes, such as realistic, investigative and enterprising. They administered both tests twice—once towards the end of each volunteer’s time at school, and then again six years later. Of the original group, 382 were on the intermediate track, from which there was a choice between the academic and vocational routes, and it was on these that the researchers focused. University beckoned for 212 of them. The remaining 170 chose vocational training and a job. When it came to the second round of tests, Dr. Golle found that the personalities of those who had gone to university had not changed significantly. Those who had undergone vocational training and then got jobs were not that much changed in personality, either—except in one crucial respect. They had become more conscientious. That sounds like a good thing, certainly compared with the common public image of undergraduates as a bunch of lazybones. But changes in attitude that the researchers recorded were rather worrying. In the university group, again, none were detectable. But those who had chosen the vocational route showed marked drops in interest in tasks that are investigative and enterprising in nature. And that might restrict their choice of careers. Some investigative and enterprising jobs, such as scientific research, are, indeed beyond the degreeless. But many, particularly in Germany, with its tradition of vocational training, are not. The researchers mention, for example, computer programmers and finance-sector workers as careers requiring these traits. If Dr. Golle is correct, and changes in attitude brought about by the very training Germany prides itself on are narrowing people’s choices, that is indeed a matter worthy of serious consideration. 27. Which of the following can best replace “beckoned for” in Paragraph 2? A. Examined. B. Attracted. C. Organized. D. Recognized. 28. What can we learn from the research? A. The degreeless have not changed in personalities. B. Going to university is a mind-broadening experience. C. Working straight after school narrows people’s minds. D. College students pride themselves on their education. 29. According to the last two paragraphs, . A. college students enjoy a very good public image B. the undergraduates have changed significantly in attitude C. the degreeless are much better at dealing with challenging tasks D. people show less interest in investigative jobs due to vocational training 30. What is the author’s attitude towards the finding? A. Concerned. B. Optimistic. C. Unclear. D. Sceptical. D For several decades, there has been an extensive and organized campaign intended to generate distrust in science, funded by those whose interests and ideologies are threatened by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things. Stressing successes isn’t wrong, but for many people it’s not persuasive. An alternative answer to the question “Why trust science?” is that scientists use the so-called scientific method. If you’ve got a high school science textbook lying around, you’ll probably find that answer in it. But what is typically thought to be the scientific method — develop a hypothesis (假设), then design an experiment to test it — isn’t what scientists actually do. Science is dynamic: new methods get invented; old ones get abandoned; and sometimes, scientists can be found doing many different things. If there is no identifiable scientific method, then what is the reason for trust in science? The answer is how those claims are evaluated. The common element in modern science, regardless of the specific field or the particular methods being used, is the strict scrutiny (审查) of claims. It’s this tough, sustained process that works to make sure faulty claims are rejected. A scientific claim is never accepted as true until it has gone through a lengthy “peer review” because the reviewers are experts in the same field who have both the right and the obligation (责任) to find faults. A key aspect of scientific judgment is that it is done collectively. No claim gets accepted until it has been vetted by dozens, if not hundreds, of heads. In areas that have been contested, like climate science and vaccine safety, it’s thousands. This is why we are generally justified in not worrying too much if a single scientist, even a very famous one, disagrees with the claim. And this is why diversity in science — the more people looking at a claim from different angles — is important. Does this process ever go wrong? Of course. Scientists are humans. There is always the possibility of revising a claim on the basis of new evidence. Some people argue that we should not trust science because scientists are “always changing their minds.” While examples of truly settled science being overturned are far fewer than is sometimes claimed, they do exist. But the beauty of this scientific process is that it explains what might otherwise appear paradoxical (矛盾的): that science produces both novelty and stability. Scientists do change their minds in the face of new evidence, but this is a strength of science, not a weakness. 31. How does the author think of the scientific method? A. Stable. B. Persuasive. C. Unreliable. D. Unrealistic. 32. What does the underlined word “vetted” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Explained. B. Examined. C. Repeated. D. Released. 33. According to the passage, the author may agree that ______. A. it is not persuasive to reject those faulty claims B. settled science tends to be collectively overturned C. a leading expert cannot play a decisive role in a scrutiny D. diversity in knowledge is the common element in science 34. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Put Your Faith in Science B. Defend the Truth in Science C. Apply Your Mind to Science D. Explore A Dynamic Way to Science 三、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共10分。 七选五，根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Now it is job hunting season again. The job fairs flood with hundreds and thousands of 2011 graduate students. Owing to the global financial crisis, most of the graduate students admit that job hunting is not that easy any longer. It is always a painful process for college students to find jobs.____35____. However, job positions are quite limited. In order to get a job, the candidates should be more competitive than ever before. A Chinese expert predicted that the job hunting pressure in China, with a rocketing increase in the active labor force, would reach its climax in 2006. Yet, this situation continues in 2010. In order to transfer the human resources that are more than needed or wanted to the less developed areas in China, the government has tried to launch a series of policies to help release the pressure._____36_____. ___37___. A higher education may be more helpful to find a good job in the future, while the temptation of an exciting job and the strong will of being a “real” adult urge the youth to step into society early. For example, when an undergraduate mechanical science and technology major at a famous university is preparing for his postgraduate exam, he receives an offer from a big foreign company one day.____38____. Anyway, it is really tough to prepare for the postgraduate examination. ___39___. This is a tough time and everyone should have some shining points to win the employers’ favor. As products of universities, college students are expected to be first-rate talents and should step into the excellent group in the society. However, these students may achieve unexpected success in the fields where their professional knowledge functions to its maximization. A. Most probably, he is so excited that he decides to quit the exam next year. B. Almost everyone worries about the result of the postgraduate examination. C. “Survival of the fittest.” Darwin’s evolution theory appears in the personnel market. D. With many colleges enlarged in recent years, large numbers of graduates need to hunt jobs. E. What’s more, financial support is provided to encourage the graduates to start their own career. F. To go on with further education or to find a job is one of the hardest decisions for the graduate students to make now. G. Competition for a job would be fierce as graduates this year will have to join the job hunting group from previous years. Ⅱ卷 五、阅读表达：共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Be Aware of the Anti-climax Many of us work tirelessly towards our goals, We may spend our lives dreaming of the day we are admitted to our dream university, publish our first book or purchase our first home. However, more than often, when we achieve these things, it doesn’t feel quite as expected. In fact, the achievement of these goals feels anti-climactic, or a bit of a letdown. “An anti-climax can be an unexpected by-product of a milestone achievement. Usually, the more significant the milestone, the greater the anti-climax may be,” says Rachel Vora, psychotherapist and founder of CYP Wellbeing. “The journey to achieving a milestone can be exciting and all-consuming. Therefore, when this disappears overnight, we can often feel lost and confused.” In psychology, the belief that we’ll be happier when we achieve our goals even has a fancy scientific name. Psychologists call it “arrival fallacy (悖论)” and it plays a big part in those feelings of emptiness that can follow achieving a goal. “The term describes how fulfilling our goals and achieving our ambitions doesn’t lead to a ‘happily ever after’”, states psychologist Lee Chambers. If you find yourself currently working toward something big that you suspect may feel like a bit of a letdown, there are steps you can take to manage and even prevent the feeling of anti-climax. Enjoy the journey You’d better slow down a little and come to realize that joy comes from the doing, not the completing. So instead of rushing for it to be done, take a moment to enjoy the doing. Foresee the comedown If you are aware of a potential upcoming anti-climax, schedule an activity to look forward to soon after the event has finished. Consider planning some time with friends and family, or attending a concert or even a cooking class. This can act as a reminder that other aspects of life can be just as fulfilling. Normalize the experience The key is to normalize feelings of low mood, confusion, and self-doubt around anti-climaxes, which are something many people experience. Connecting with others may also be beneficial. It can help to engage with friends and influencers online who share similar experiences to feel less isolated (孤立的) with your own emotions. 40. According to the passage, how do people often feel after they make great achievements? 41. What does “arrival fallacy” refer to? 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. To deal with your anti-climax, you’d better stay away from those who share similar experiences with you. 43. Suppose you have just been admitted to your dream university. What will you do to deal with the anti-climax? (In about 40 words) 六、书面表达：共20分 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校英国留学生Jim暂时留在英国不能回校，但他邮寄的摄影作品“桃花(peach blossom)”在你校“春天(Spring)”摄影展获一等奖。请给他写一封邮件： 1.祝贺获奖 2.介绍展出情况 要求： -词数100左右 -开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数 Dear Jim, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $