Unit 2 Stay Healthy 单元知识点过关（精讲课件）2025-2026学年八年级英语下册（新教材人教版）

Unit 2 Stay Healthy 人教版初中英语 单元知识点过关 8年级下册 1 CONTENTS CONTENTS 重点词汇过关 短语识记过关 词汇变形过关 词汇辨析过关 知识点清单 2 重点词汇 过关 PART ONE 01 3 重点词汇过关 4 重点词汇过关 5 重点词汇过关 1. My ______ (喉咙) hurts a lot, so I can't speak loudly. 2. He has a bad ____________ (头痛) and needs to rest. 3. Don't be _________ (粗心的) when you cross the street. 4. She often _________ (咳嗽) because of the cold weather. 5. If you have a _________ (发烧), you should see a doctor. 6. My _________ (胃) feels uncomfortable after eating too much. 7. The doctor took his ______________ (体温) before the check-up. 8. You should take this _________ (药) three times a day. 9. People wear _________ (口罩) to protect themselves from viruses. 10. The _________ (牙科医生) told me to brush my teeth twice a day. throat headache careless coughs fever stomach temperature medicine masks dentist 6 11. The accident caused a serious ___________ (伤害) to his leg. 12. The __________ (病人) is recovering well in the hospital. 13. The knife is very __________ (锋利的 / 清晰的), so be careful. 14. He felt great __________ (疼痛) in his back after working all day. 15. The __________ (环境) we live in needs to be protected. 16. The fire __________ (着火) quickly and spread to the whole house. 17. She burned herself while __________ (油炸) chicken in the kitchen. 18. Please __________ (打开) the light; it's too dark here. 19. The __________ (炉子) in the kitchen is not working properly. 20. He finished his work __________ (高兴地) and went home. injury patient clear pain environment caught fire frying turn on stove happily 重点词汇过关 7 21. The house was ________ _ (着火) when we arrived. 22. The __________ (火焰) of the fire was very high. 23. She felt a moment of __________ (恐慌) when she heard the news. 24. Please ________ (扔) the rubbish into the bin. 25. The ball __________ (滚动) down the hill quickly. 26. We need to call for _________ (急救) right away. 27. _________ (安全) is the most important thing in the lab. 28. The teacher told us how to use the ______________ (灭火器). 29. He is going to _________ (外出就餐) with his friends tonight. 30. I will finish this work _________ (今晚). on fire flame panic rolled first aid Safety extinguisher eat out tonight throw 重点词汇过关 8 31. He was ___________ (伤心地) crying when I saw him. 32. Don't ___________ (吸烟) in public places. 33. ___________ (幸运地), no one was hurt in the accident. 34. Smoking is ___________ (有害的) to your health. 35. The car ___________ (碰撞) into the tree and stopped. 36. The ___________ (震惊) news made everyone silent. 37. He ___________ (流血) heavily from a cut on his arm. 38. The doctor will ___________ (检查) you carefully. 39. He held the rope ___________ (紧紧地) with both hands. 40. She is ___________ (紧张不安地) waiting for the exam results. sadly smoke luckily harmful hit shocking bled/bleeds check tight/tightly nervously 重点词汇过关 9 PART TWO 02 短语识记过关 10 短语 中文含义 例句 have a cold 感冒 I have a bad cold and need to rest at home. have a fever 发烧 If you have a fever, you should drink more warm water. have a headache 头痛 She took some medicine because she had a terrible headache. have a stomachache 胃痛；肚子疼 He had a stomachache after eating too much cold food. have a toothache 牙痛 You should see a dentist if you have a toothache. have a sore throat 喉咙痛 My sister has a sore throat and can’t speak loudly. have a backache 背痛；腰痛 Sitting at the desk for too long can cause a backache. take one's temperature 给某人量体温 The nurse took my temperature before I saw the doctor. lie down 躺下；平躺 You should lie down and rest if you feel tired. lie down and rest 躺下休息 The doctor told him to lie down and rest for two hours. 短语识记过关 11 短语 中文含义 例句 take some medicine 吃药；服药 Take this medicine three times a day after meals. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的热茶 Drinking hot tea with honey helps soothe a sore throat. see a dentist 看牙医 I have to see a dentist to check my bad tooth. get an X-ray 拍 X 光片 The doctor said I needed to get an X-ray of my injured arm. take breaks 休息；放松 You should take breaks every hour when studying. take breaks away from the computer 离开电脑休息 It’s important to take breaks away from the computer to protect your eyes. have a nosebleed 流鼻血 He had a nosebleed after falling down on the playground. put your head down 把头低下 If you have a nosebleed, don’t put your head back. press the sides of your nose 按住鼻子两侧 Press the sides of your nose to stop the bleeding. hurt oneself 伤到自己 He hurt himself when he fell off his bike 短语识记过关 12 短语 中文含义 例句 fall down 摔倒；跌倒 The little boy fell down and scraped his knee. fall off the bike 从自行车上摔下来 She fell off the bike and hurt her left leg. cut oneself 割伤自己 Be careful not to cut yourself when using the knife. put a bandage on it 用绷带包扎 The nurse put a bandage on his cut finger. run it under water 用水冲洗伤口 If you cut your finger, run it under cold water first. get hit on the head 撞到头部 He got hit on the head by a flying basketball. to one's surprise 使…… 惊讶的是 To my surprise, he agreed to help me at once. agree to do sth. 同意做某事 He agreed to take the sick man to the hospital. thanks to 多亏；由于 Thanks to the timely help, the old man was saved. in time 及时 We got to the hospital in time to save the patient. avoid unhealthy food 避免不健康的食 Try to avoid unhealthy food like chips and candy. 短语识记过关 13 短语 中文含义 例句 in time 及时 We got to the hospital in time to save the patient. save a life 拯救生命 Doctors and nurses work hard to save lives every day. have an accident 发生意外；出事故 A traffic accident happened on the road this morning. get sunburned 晒伤 She got sunburned after staying at the beach all day. have a cough 咳嗽 She has a bad cough and can’t sleep well at night. get some sleep 睡一会儿 You need to get some sleep to recover from the cold. drink lots of water 多喝水 Drink lots of water when you have a fever. stay healthy 保持健康 Doing exercise regularly helps us stay healthy. keep fit 保持健康 Running every morning helps me keep fit. eat healthy food 吃健康的食物 We should eat healthy food like vegetables and fruit. suffer from illness 遭受疾病折磨 He suffered from a serious illness last year. 短语识记过关 14 PART THREE 03 词汇变形过关 15 词汇变形过关 stomach n. 胃；腹部 → stomachache n. 胃痛 tooth n. 牙齿 → teeth n. 牙齿（复数）→ toothache n. 牙疼 careless adj. 粗心的 → carelessness n. 粗心 → careful adj. 仔细的 → care n. 关心 description n. 描写 → describe v. 描述 → descriptive adj. 描述的 patient n. 病人 /adj. 有耐心的 → patience n. 耐心 → patiently adv. 耐心地 injury n. 伤害 → injure v. 伤害 → injured adj. 受伤的 clear adj. 清晰的 /v. 清理 → clearly adv. 清晰地 → clearness n. 清晰度 pain n. 疼痛 → painful adj. 疼痛的 brightness n. 亮度 → bright adj. 明亮的 → brightly adv. 明亮地 happily adv. 快乐地 → happy adj. 快乐的 → happiness n. 幸福 16 quick adj. 快的 → quickly adv. 迅速地 → quickness n. 迅速 safety n. 安全 → safe adj. 安全的 → safely adv. 安全地 unfortunately adv. 不幸地 → unfortunate adj. 不幸的 → infortune n. 不幸 luckily adv. 幸运地 → lucky adj. 幸运的 → luck n. 运气 harm n.&v. 伤害 → harmful adj. 有害的 → harmless adj. 无害的 relax v. 放松 → relaxed adj. 感到放松的 → relaxing adj. 令人放松的 stress n./v. 压力 → stressed adj. 焦虑的 → stressful adj. 有压力的 express v. 表达 → expression n. 表达 instruct v. 指导 → instructor n. 教练 → instruction n. 指示 scare v. 惊吓 → scared adj. 感到害怕的 → scary adj. 吓人的 词汇变形过关 17 achieve v. 实现 → achievement n. 成就 suggest v. 建议 → suggestion n. 建议 health n. 健康 → healthy adj. 健康的 → unhealthy adj. 不健康的（反义词） care v./n. 关心 → careful adj. 仔细的 → carefully adv. 仔细地 → careless adj. 粗心的（反义词） safe adj. 安全的 → safety n. 安全 → dangerous adj. 危险的（反义词） harm n./v. 伤害 → harmful adj. 有害的 avoid v. 避免 → avoidance n. 避免 suffer v. 受苦 → suffering n. 痛苦；苦难 fit adj. 健康的 → fitness n. 健康；健壮 important adj. 重要的 → importance n. 重要性 → importantly adv. 重要地 词汇变形过关 18 act v. 行动 → active adj. 积极的 → actively adv. 积极地 → action n. 行动 sleep v./n. 睡觉 → sleepy adj. 困倦的 → asleep adj. 睡着的 true adj. 真实的 → truly adv. 真实地 → truth n. 真相 use v. 使用 → useful adj. 有用的 → useless adj. 无用的 help v. 帮助 → helpful adj. 有帮助的 → helpless adj. 无助的 healthy (adj.) → health (n. 健康) → healthily (adv. 健康地) important (adj.) → importance (n. 重要性) decide (v.) → decision (n. 决定) different (adj.) → difference (n. 不同) 词汇变形过关 19 feel (v.) → feeling (n. 感觉) ill (adj.) → illness (n. 疾病) careful (adj.) → carefully (adv. 仔细地) quick (adj.) → quickly (adv. 快速地) good (adj.) → well (adv. 好地) strong (adj.) → strength (n. 力量) die (v.) → dead (adj. 死亡的) → death (n. 死亡) true (adj.) → truly (adv. 真实地) → truth (n. 真相) cook (v.) → cook (n. 厨师) → cooking (n. 烹饪) medicine (n.) → medical (adj. 医学的) 词汇变形过关 20 PART FOUR 04 词汇辨析过关 21 词汇辨析 ill sick 形容词, 只能作表语，不能放在名词前作定语；侧重重病、久病；名词形式：illness 疾病 搭配：be ill 生病 /fall ill 病倒 /be ill in hospital 住院 He is ill, so he can’t go to school. 形容词, 既可作表语，也可作定语；除 “生病的”，还可表示恶心、想吐 搭配：a sick girl 生病的女孩 /feel sick 恶心、反胃 The sick boy needs to have a good rest. 22 词汇辨析 ache pain 持续、轻微、隐隐的酸痛, 多用来构成合成词，特指身体某部位长期不适 搭配：headache 头痛 /stomachache 胃痛 /toothache 牙痛 I have a stomachache for three days. 剧烈、突发的刺痛、伤痛，也可指精神、心理痛苦, 可数 / 不可数；常用 have a pain in + 身体部位 搭配：in pain 处于痛苦中 /great pain 剧痛 He had a sharp pain in his leg after the fall. 23 词汇辨析 hurt injure 日常轻微受伤、身体某处疼痛，也可指情感伤害, 可作不及物动词（直接表 “疼”） My throat hurts. 我喉咙痛。 Don’t hurt her feelings. 别伤害她的感情。 慢性、隐性伤害（损害健康、环境、权益） 搭配：do harm to… /be harmful to… 对…… 有害 Smoking will harm your health. harm 意外事故、碰撞、摔倒造成的外伤（单元重点）,多指功能性损伤，正式用语。 变形：injury n. 伤口，受伤；injured adj. 受伤的 He was injured in a car accident. 24 词汇辨析 relaxed relaxing 修饰：人 含义：人感到放松的、心情舒缓的 词根：relax v. 放松 I feel relaxed after taking a break. 修饰：事物、活动、环境 含义：令人放松的、使人轻松的 Listening to music is a relaxing way to rest. . relaxing 25 词汇辨析 healthy fit 侧重：身心整体健康、饮食作息健康 反义词：unhealthy 不健康的 搭配：healthy eating 健康饮食 /stay healthy 保持健康 侧重：身体康复、病后好转，只形容身体健康 You look well after your illness. well 侧重：体格强健、体能好、身材匀称，多指运动锻炼后的状态 搭配：keep fit 强身健体 /get fit 锻炼身体 26 词汇辨析 lucky luckily 幸运的；走运的, 修饰人 / 事物，作定语或表语 He is a lucky boy. 他是一个幸运的男孩。 unlucky 幸运地；幸好, 多放句首，逗号隔开；修饰整个句子，引出好结果。 Luckily, no one was hurt in the accident. unfortunately 不幸的；倒霉的, 用法：修饰人 / 事物 It’s unlucky for him to miss the bus. 不幸地；遗憾地（luckily 反义词）,常放句首，逗号隔开，引出坏消息、不好的结果。 Unfortunately, he caught a bad cold. 27 1．Mrs. Green doesn’t want eat anything, because she ________ about her ________ son. A．is worrying; sick B．is worrying; ill C．worried ; sick D．is worried; ill 2．Mr. Li can’t eat anything, because he ________ about his ________ son now. A．worries, sick B．worries, ill C．is worrying, ill D．is worrying, sick 3．What does the word “painless” mean? A．Full of pain. B．Without pain. C．A pain in the body. D．A type of ache. 4．Bob fell off his bike and had a ______ on his back. A．hurt B．ache C．sore D．pain 5．Did you say that our neighbor ______ in the accident? A．badly injured B．was badly injured C．had badly injured D．was badly hurt 6．John’s back and head were _______  in an accident. A．hit B．injure C．cut D．hurt A D B D B D 词汇辨析过关 28 6．John’s back and head were _______  in an accident. A．hit B．injure C．cut D．Hurt 7．Spending too much time playing computer games ________ our eyes. A．is harm to B．is injured for C．is badly to D．is harmful to 8．Spending too much time playing computer games ________ our eyes. A．does harm to B．is injured for C．is badly to D．is harmful for 9．Playing too many computer games is bad for our eyes. A．is harm to B．is injured for C．is badly to D．is harmful to 10．I enjoy _________ books in the library on weekends. It makes me _________. A．read; relaxing B．reading; relax C．to read; relaxed D．reading; relaxes D 词汇辨析过关 D A D B 29 11．—What do you think of Blade Runner: Storm in the Desert (《镖人：风起大漠》)? —I think it’s a ________ movie. It made me feel ________ after a busy week. A．relaxed; relaxed B．relaxed; relaxing C．relaxing; relaxing D．relaxing; relaxed 12．—How ________ you usually _______ on weekends? —I usually go to the cinema to relax. A．do; relax B．does; relax C．do; relaxed D．does; relaxed 13．My father looked ______ after his holiday. He said the beach was a ______ place. A．relaxing; relaxed B．relaxed; relaxing C ．relaxing; relaxing D．relaxed; relaxed 14．—Nowadays, apart from PE classes, we have over 40 minutes of sports time every day. —As the saying “civilize (文明) the mind, strengthen (增强) the body.” goes, ________. A．exercise only shapes your body B．a healthy mind needs a healthy body C．we spend too much time on sports D．we have different ways to keep fit D A B 词汇辨析过关 B 30 15．It’s important to keep healthy every day. A．stay fit B．stay busy C．stay sad 16．It’s important for us to keep ________. We need to eat ________ food. A．health; fit B．health; healthy C．fit; healthy D．fit; health 17．There was a a car accident on Xin Hua Road yesterday._____, nobody was hurt.. A．Lucky B．Luckily C．Unlucky D．Unluckily 18．He was ________ boy. But _______ he had a kind grandmother. A．an unlucky; luckily B．a lucky; luckily C．an unlucky; unluckily D．a lucky, unluckily A A C B 词汇辨析过关 31 PART FIVE 05 知识点清单 32 重点句型 句式要点 1. Sb. have/has + 健康问题. / Sb. is suffering from + 健康问题. They got it because + 原因. ①Sb. have/has + 健康问题.: 主语 + have/has + a/an + 病痛名词 病痛固定搭配都要加 a： have a cold 感冒 have a fever 发烧 have a headache 头痛 have a stomachache 胃痛 have a sore throat 喉咙痛 He has a fever. 他发烧了。 I have a sore throat. 我喉咙痛。 ②Sb. is suffering from + 健康问题. 主语 + be 动词 + suffering from + 疾病 / 健康问题 核心用法 suffer from：患有（慢性病、长期病痛、疾病）；受…… 折磨 侧重长时间、持续性生病，不是临时小感冒。 She is suffering from a bad headache. 她一直受严重头痛折磨。 Many people are suffering from stomach problems. 很多人都有胃病困扰。 33 重点句型 句式要点 1. Sb. have/has + 健康问题. / Sb. is suffering from + 健康问题. They got it because + 原因. ①They got it because + 原因状语从句 结构公式 They got it + because + 完整句子（原因） it 指代前面提到的这种疾病 / 不舒服的症状 用法 because 后面接完整陈述句，说明生病的原因。 ②完整串联例句（三个句式连用） Tom has a stomachache. He is suffering from it. He got it because he ate too much cold food. 汤姆胃痛。他一直受胃痛折磨。他得病是因为吃了太多生冷食物。 Lily has a sore throat. She is suffering from it. She got it because she talked too much yesterday. 莉莉喉咙痛。她一直不舒服。她喉咙痛是因为昨天说话太多。 34 重点句型 句式要点 2. For + 健康问题，you should + 正确做法. / You could + 替代做法. You shouldn’t +错误做法. ① For + 健康问题 For 在这里表针对、对于，放在句首引出病症； 后面直接接：a fever /a headache /a sore throat 等病痛短语。 For a headache, you should lie down and rest.对于头痛，你应该躺下休息。 ②you should + 动词原形 should 情态动词，后必跟动词原形 语气：强烈建议、应该做（最优正确做法） ③You could + 动词原形 could 情态动词，后接动词原形 语气：委婉建议、可以试试、备选方案 比 should 语气弱，用来给第二种解决办法 ④You shouldn’t + 动词原形 shouldn’t = should not 后接动词原形 含义：不应该、千万别做（伤身、加重病情的错误行为） 35 课本句子梳理 句式要点 3. Sb. hurt themselves /cut themselves /take care of themselves when + 场景. ①反身代词 themselves 主语是 复数（we/you/they/students/people）→ 用 themselves 含义：伤到自己 / 割伤自己 / 照顾自己 ②三个核心短语 hurt themselves 伤到自己、受伤 cut themselves 割伤自己 take care of themselves 照顾自己、自我照料 ③when 引导时间状语从句 when 后接完整句子，表示：当…… 的时候 Kids may hurt themselves when they run too fast. 孩子们跑得太快时可能会受伤。 Don’t cut yourselves when you cook in the kitchen. 在厨房做饭时不要割伤自己。 Young people must take care of themselves when they stay outside late. 年轻人在外晚归时必须照顾好自己。 36 课本句子梳理 句式要点 4.Suddenly, + 突发事件（e.g., sth. caught fire /sb. fell down）. Sb. did + 应对动作 to + 目的. ①本单元常用突发事件 sth. caught fire 某物着火了 sb. fell down 某人摔倒了 sb. had a nosebleed 某人突然流鼻血 sb. got hurt 某人受伤了 sb. fainted 某人晕倒了 ②语法核心要点 全篇叙事用一般过去时，讲过去发生的突发事情。 Suddenly 放句首，逗号隔开，是叙事作文万能开头。 to + 动词原形 表目的，固定用法，to 后面永远用动词原形。 Suddenly, the house caught fire. The workers ran out quickly to keep safe. 突然，房子着火了。工人们迅速跑出去以保证安全。 Suddenly, the old man fell down. We called 120 at once to save him. 突然，那位老人摔倒了。我们立刻拨打 120 去救他。 Suddenly, she had a nosebleed. I helped her put her head down to stop the bleeding. 突然，她流鼻血了。我帮她低下头来止血。 37 课本句子梳理 句式要点 5. Sb. is allergic to + 过敏原. ①语法要点 be 动词随主语变化 I am allergic to… He/She is allergic to… We/They are allergic to… to 是介词, 后面只能接：名词 / 代词 / 动名词 (doing), 不能接动词原形。 She is allergic to seafood. 她对海鲜过敏。 I am allergic to milk. 我对牛奶过敏。 They are allergic to pollen. 他们对花粉过敏。 ②同义句替换 Sb. has an allergy to + 过敏原= Sb. is allergic to + 过敏原 He has an allergy to eggs.= He is allergic to eggs. 他对鸡蛋过敏。 ③句式拓展写作版 Sb. is allergic to …, so he/she should never eat/touch it. 某人对…… 过敏，所以绝不应该吃 / 接触它。 38 6．They will go hiking this weekend.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ they go hiking? 7．He has lived here for ten years. (对划线提问) ________ ________ has he lived here? 8．I usually relax by reading books. (划线部分提问) ________ ________ you usually relax? 9．I have a sore throat and cough a lot.（对划线部分提问） _________ _________ with you? 10．She is jogging in the playground. （改为一般疑问句） ________ ________ jogging in the playground? 重点句型过关 When will How long How do What’s wrong Is she 39 重点句型过关 1．a, habit, it’s, to, good, important, form, study (.) 2．I, relax, by, listening, to, music, every, day (.) 连词成句 3．how, you, pressure, do, reduce, usually (?) 4．He, exercise, to, stay, healthy (.) 5．our dreams, we, realizing, give up, should, never. (连词成句) It’s important to form a good study habit. I relax by listening to music every day How do you usually reduce pressure? He exercises to stay healthy We should never give up realizing our dreams. 40 THE END $