内容正文:
专题10 时态
(现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时)
2027年广东省(“3+证书”考试)《英语一轮讲练测》复习课件
01
考情解码·命题预警
02
体系构建·思维可视
03
核心突破·靶向攻坚
04
真题溯源·考向感知
2
01
考情解码·命题预警
3
【复习目标】
1. 识记:定义、标志词、结构公式
2. 理解:语境判断、时态差异
3. 掌握:动词变形、句式转换
02
体系构建·思维可视
5
03
核心突破·靶向攻坚
10
【考点1 现在进行时】
一、现在进行时的结构
分类 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 +_______+________+其他 Listen! The boy is singing.
听!这个男孩正在唱歌。
I am studying computer these days.
这些天我一直在学习计算机。
否定句 主语 + am/is/are + ______ + Ving+其他 Listen! The boy is not singing.
听!这个男孩没有在唱歌。
I am not studying computer these days.
这些天我没有在学习计算机。
一般疑问句 ______ + 主语 + Ving+其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + ______.
否定回答:No, 主语 + am/is/are + ____. Is the boy singing?
这个男孩正在唱歌吗?
-- Yes, he is. / No, he is not.
am/is/are
Ving
not
am/is/are
Am/Is/Are
not
二、现在进行时的标志词
1.look(看)、listen(听)、now(现在)、right now(现在)
2.at the moment(此刻)、at present(现在)、 these days(这些天)...
三、动词现在分词变化规则
规则 例句
一般情况下,动词词尾直接+ing play → plays 玩
work → _________工作
teach →__________教
以不发音字母e结尾,去掉e,再加+ing make→making 做
write→______ 写
live → ______居住
working
teaching
writing
living
规则 例句
以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写最后的辅音字母,再加+ing run→ running 跑
swim→ ___________ 游泳
sit→______ 坐
以ie结尾的动词,改ie为y,再加+ing: tie→tying 系
lie→______说谎
特殊词情况 see→______ 看
travel→_______________ 旅游
三、动词现在分词变化规则
swimming
sitting
lying
seeing
traveling/travelling
四、现在进行时的特殊用法
位置移动
(1) 表示____________的动词come、 go、 leave、 arrive、 moving、 take off用现在进行时表将来。
如:Tom is coming to see me tonight. 汤姆今晚会来看我。
I am leaving. 我要离开了。
get、 become、 improve、grow等词用现在进行时表示“________________”。
如:Winter has come and it is getting colder and colder.冬天来了,天气越来越冷。
逐渐变化
1. Look,the students ________ to the teacher carefully.
A.is listening B.are listening C.listen D.listened
【答案】B
【详解】本题考查现在进行时。从动词Look可知,学生们正在认真的听讲,要用现在进行时,故选B项。
【即时训练】
2. She ________ now. She is very busy.
A. is working B. works C. work D.worked
【答案】A
【详解】考查时态。句意:她现在正在工作。她很忙碌。根据时间状语now,可知应用现在进行时,故选A。
【即时训练】
3.He usually listens to the radio, but at the present moment he ________ television.
A. watches B. is watching C. has watched D. had watched
【答案】B
【详解】本题考查时态。句意:“他通常听收音机,但此刻他正在看电视。”句子的时间状语是at the present moment,表示此时此刻正在发生的动作,因此用现在进行时。
【即时训练】
4.My friend ________ to see me. She'll be here tomorrow.
A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. came
【答案】B
【详解】句意:“我朋友来看我。她明天就会来到这里。” 位移动词come用现在进行时is coming表将来。
【即时训练】
5.They _____ on the playground now.
A.are running B.is running C.ran D.are runing
【答案】A
【详解】本句句尾是now,起时间状语的作用,表示动作正在进行,应用现在进行时,同时run的现在分词需要双写再加ing,they 是复数,be动词应是are,故选A。
【即时训练】
6.I ______ in my uncle’s home these days.
A.are living B.lived C.am liveing D.am living
【答案】D
【详解】本句句尾是these days,起时间状语的作用,表示动作现阶段正在发生,应用现在进行时,同时live的现在分词需要去e再加ing,I搭配的be动词应是am,故选D。
【即时训练】
7.His family ________ to a new house next month.
A. moves B. move C. is moving D. are moving
【答案】C
【详解】句意:“下个月,她家庭将会搬进新房子。” 位移动词move用现在进行时,表将来,同时family 表示家庭,故选C。
【即时训练】
【考点2 过去进行时】
一、过去进行时的结构
分类 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 +_________ +_______+其他 My father was teaching me to play chess at 8 yesterday evening.
昨天晚上八点我爸爸正在教我下象棋。
否定句 主语 + was/were + ____+ Ving+其他 My father was not teaching me to play chess at 8 yesterday evening.
昨天晚上八点我爸爸没有在教我下象棋。
一般疑问句 _________ + + 主语 + Ving+其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 +was/were.
否定回答:No, 主语 + was/were + ______. Was your father teaching you to play chess at 8 yesterday evening?
昨天晚上八点你爸爸正在教你下象棋吗?
-- Yes, he was. / No, he was not.
was/were
Ving
not
Was/Were
not
二、过去进行时的标志词
1. at that time/moment 那时/那一刻;at this time last week 上周这一时间
2. at+具体时间点+一般过去时时间状语:
at 7:00 last night 昨晚七点;at 9:00 yesterday morning 昨天早上9点
3.when/while引导的时间状语从句
When和while的三个句型
___________+ when+________
(主句) (从句)
I was dancing when she knocked at the door.
_____________+ while+ ________________
(主句) (从句)
I arrived at home while my mum was cooking.
___________+ while +___________
(主句) (从句)
I was watching TV while my mother was cooking.
一般过去时
过去进行时
一般过去时
过去进行时
过去进行时
过去进行时
1.He said he _____ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.
A. tries B. tried C. was trying D. will try
【答案】C
【详解】本题考查过去进行时。时间状语是at that time,应用过去进行时。故选C项。
【即时训练】
2.They _____ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.
A. were watching B. watch C. watched D. are watching
【答案】A
【详解】本题考查过去进行时。时间状语是from 7 to 9 last night,应用过去进行时。故选A项。
【即时训练】
3.He ____ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.
A. helps B. would help C. was helping D. is helping
【答案】C
【详解】本题考查过去进行时。时间状语是the whole afternoon last Saturday,所以应用过去进行时。故选C项。
【即时训练】
4. Tom was doing his homework while she__________ a newspaper.
A. reads B. would read C. was reading D. is reading
【答案】C
【详解】本题考查时态。while(当……时候)引导时间状语从句,主从句动作同时进行,主句用过去进行时,从句也用过去进行时。结构:was/were + doing,句意:Tom在做作业,而她在读报纸。故选C项。
【即时训练】
5. When the rainstorm came,the girl _______for the bus.
A. waited B. was waiting C. will wait D. waits
【答案】B
【详解】 when 引导过去时间状语从句(came 是过去式),表示一个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行。主句用过去进行时:was/were + doing。句意:暴风雨来的时候,那个女孩正在等公交车。故选B项。
【即时训练】
6.While we ______, the teacher came in.
A. talked B. were talking C. talk D. are talking
【答案】B
【详解】 while 引导从句,强调过去某段时间正在进行的动作,主句是一般过去时(came),从句用过去进行时。结构:were + talking(we 对应 were)。句意:我们正在说话时,老师进来了。故选B项。
【即时训练】
7.The last time I ________ Li Ming, he ________ an article in the study.
A. had seen; was writing B. saw; wrote C. had seen; wrote D. saw; was writing
【答案】D
【详解】句意:“上一次我见到李明的时候,他正在书房里写一篇文章。”故选D
【即时训练】
【考点3 现在完成时】
一、现在完成时的结构
分类 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + _________ +___________+其他 I have done my homework already.
我已经做好作业了。
否定句 主语 + have/has+ ______+ 动词过去分词+其他 I have not done my homework yet.
我尚未完成我的作业。
一般疑问句 ________+ + 主语 + 动词过去分词+其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 +have/has.
否定回答:No, 主语 + have/has+ _____. Have you done your homework already?
-- Yes, I have. / No, I have not.
have/has
Have/Has
动词过去分词
not
not
二、现在完成时的标志词
1.already(已经), recently (最近,不久前),never(从不), ever(曾经), so far(迄今为止,到目前为止), yet(仍然,迄今为止)
2.since+时间点:since1999
3.for+时间段:for a year
4.in the past + 一段时间
三、规则动词的过去式变化规则
规则 例句
一般情况下,动词后面直接加-ed play → played 玩
work → ______工作
以e结尾,在后面加-d dance → danced跳舞
live → ______居住,like → ______喜欢
以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i再加-ed study → studied学习
carry →_________携带
fly → _________飞
try →________尝试
worked
lived
liked
carried
flied
tried
三、规则动词的过去式变化规则
规则 例句
以重读闭音节或重读r音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写这个辅音字母,再加ed admit→admitted 允许
prefer→__________ 更喜欢
stop→__________停止
plan→__________计划
refer→________参考,涉及,提到
特殊变化单独记 have →_______有
be →_________是
preferred
stopped
planned
referred
had
was/were
四、不规则动词的过去式和过去分词
四、不规则动词的过去式和过去分词
四、不规则动词的过去式和过去分词
四、不规则动词的过去式和过去分词
四、不规则动词的过去式和过去分词
现在完成时的难点(一)
五、现在完成时难点
1. 观察:
(1)Lucy isn’t at home. She has gone to the welcome banquet.
露西不在家。她已经去了欢迎晚宴。(已经去了,还没回来)
(2)Lucy has been to the opening ceremony before.
露西之前曾去过开幕典礼。(曾经去过)
(3)Lucy has been in China for a week.
露西待在中国已经有一周了。(已经在某地待了多久)
现在完成时的难点(一)
五、现在完成时难点
2. 总结:
have/has gone to表示“_____________________”;
have/has been to表示“_____________________”;
have/has been in 表示“_____________________”。
已经去了某地未回
曾经到过某地又回来了
在某地停留了多久
现在完成时的难点(二)
五、现在完成时难点
用延续性动词取代非延续性动词:
如go—be there,come—be here,buy—have,borrow—keep,leave—be away,arrive—be here,marry—be married,join—be in,die—be dead,begin—be on,end/finish—be over。
如“这本书我已经买了10年了”
不可以说成“I have bought the book for ten years.”。
改为:I ____________ the book for ten years.
have had
1. Mr. Brown ________ in the factory for about 30 years.( )
A. work B. works C. is working D. has worked
【答案】D
【详解】句意:“布朗先生在这家工厂工作了差不多30年。” 现在完成时常与“for+一段时间”连用。
【即时训练】
2.You_________me since I left here.
A. see B. haven't seen C. am seeing D. saw
【答案】B
【详解】since意为“自从……以来”,其后的时间状语从句要用一般过去时。
主句要用现在完成时。
【即时训练】
3.In the past few years, mobile payment a ___ lifestyle choice in China.
A. becomes B. became C. had become D. has become
【答案】D
【详解】考查时态。时间标志:in the past few years(在过去几年里) → 现在完成时高频标志, 结构:have/has + 过去分词。句意:在过去几年里,移动支付已成为中国的一种生活方式选择。现在完成时秒记in the past/last + 时间段 → 必用 has/have done
故选D。
【即时训练】
4.—Can you speak Chinese?
—Of course. I ________ in China for 5 years in the past.
A.live B.lived C.have lived D.will live
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你会说中文吗?——当然会。我以前在中国住了五年。考查动词的时态。根据“ for 5 years”可知,这里要用现在完成时,强调持续到现在的状态或对现在有影响,其构成是:have/has+过去分词。故选C。
【即时训练】
5.I ______ Guangzhou many times. I know it well.
A. have been to B. have gone to C. was in D. am in
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我去过广州很多次,我很了解那里。 many times(许多次) 表示曾经去过、现在已经回来,用 have been to + 地点 - have gone to:去了未回(不符合句意)- was in / am in:只表示在某地,不表示“去过”故选A。
【即时训练】
6.She ______ this school since 2020.
A. has been to B. has been in C. has gone to D. was in
【答案】B
【详解】句意:她从2020年以来一直在这所学校。since 2020(自从2020年以来)是现在完成时标志,强调在某地待了一段时间。- has been in + 地点:在某地待了多久(延续性)
- has been to:去过(已回,不能接时间段)- has gone to:去了未回(不能接时间段)。故选B。
【即时训练】
7. The Greens ________ to Europe.They are there now.
A.has gone B.has been C.have gone D.have been
【答案】C
【详解】本题考查现在完成时中have been to(去过),have gone to(去了),have been in(一直在)这三个短语的区别。从They are now there可知是去了,故选C项。
【即时训练】
8.My grandfather ________ the Party for 50 years. ( )
A. had left B. has joined C. left D. has been in
【答案】D
【详解】句意:“我爷爷入党已经50年了。” 瞬时(非延续性)动词后面与一段时间(题目中的for 50 years)连用时,要用延续性动词或状态词 be in。
【即时训练】
9.I ________ the book for at least eight years.
A. have bought B. have had C. bought D. buy
【答案】B
【详解】 根据时间状语for at least eight years可知,应该用现在完成时。buy是瞬间动词,不能和一段时间连用,要改成延续性动词have had。
【即时训练】
10.Li Ming's father ________ the Party since 1972.
A. joined B. has joined C. has been in D. has been
【答案】B
【详解】 since引导的主句要用现在完成时。join是瞬间动词,不能和一段时间连用,要改成延续性动词be been in。
【即时训练】
【考点4 过去完成时】
一、过去完成时的结构
分类 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 +_____ +动词过去分词+其他 I had done my homework by the end of last week.
上周末前我已经做完作业了。
否定句 主语 + had+ _____ + 动词过去分词+其他 I had not done my homework by the end of last week.
上周末前我还未做完作业。
一般疑问句 ____+ + 主语 + 动词过去分词+其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 +had.
否定回答:No, 主语 + had+ not. Had you done your homework by the end of last week?
-- Yes, I had. / No, I had not.
had
not
Had
1. by + 过去的时间点:到...(过去)为止 eg:by 9 o'clock last night 到昨晚9点时
2. by the end of + 过去的时间点: 到...(过去)结束时 eg:by the end of last term 到上学期结束时
3. before + 过去的时间点/动作:在...(过去)之前 4. up until + 过去的时间点:up until then 直到那时
5.由said、asked、told宾语从句当中,当主句为一般过去时,从句原来是一般过去时或者现在完成时的时候,需要变化为过去完成时。
二、过去完成时的时间标志词
三、过去完成时的重点句型
(一)…had hardly…when+一般过去时:一……就……
…had no sooner…than+一般过去时:一……就……
Eg:He had hardly got there when he called his parents.
他一到那里就打电话给他父母。
He had no sooner got there than he called his parents.
他一到那里就打电话给他父母。
注意:如果hardly/no sooner 位于句子的开头,其后用部分倒装,
即:Hardly had he got there when he called his parents.
三、过去完成时的重点句型
(二)“It is/was the first/second…time that…”句型中,从句要用完成时,译为“这是...第一次/第二次……”
Eg:It's the first time that I have been abroad.
It was the first time that I had been abroad.
1. By the end of last term, we ________ about 6,000 English words.
A. learn B. will learn C. have learned D. had learned
【答案】D
【详解】时间状语by the end of last term意为“到上学期期末”,“学习了6 000个英语单词”发生在该时间之前,时间上是“过去的过去”,应使用过去完成时。
【即时训练】
2.By the end of 2016, China ________ 512 Confucius Institutes in 130 countries all over the world.
A. will set up B. sets up C. has set up D. had set up
【答案】D
【详解】本题考查动词的时态。题干的时间状语是by the end of 2016,意思是“截止到2016年之前”,因此应该用过去完成时。
【即时训练】
3.The man told Mary his name after she ________ him twice.
A. had asked B. asks C. has asked D. was asking
【答案】A
【详解】句意:“玛丽问了那个男人两次,他才把他的名字告诉她。”tell的动作发生在过去,ask发生在tell之前,是过去的过去,用过去完成时。
【即时训练】
4.My English teacher said that he ________ Beijing three times.
A. goes to B. went to C. has gone to D. had been to
【答案】D
【详解】宾语从句中主句用了过去时态,从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前,时间上是过去的过去,应用过去完成时。
【即时训练】
5.The plane _____ when we got to the airport.( )
A. had taken off B. has taken off C. will take off D. is taking off
【答案】A
【详解】句意:“当我们赶到飞机场的时候,飞机已经起飞了。”因为从句是一般过去时,主句的动作在从句的动作之前已经发生,所以要用过去完成时表示“过去的过去”。
【即时训练】
6.Hardly ________ down when ________ a knock at the door.
A. had he sat; did he hear B. he had sat; did he hear
C. he had sat; he heard D. had he sat; he heard
【答案】D
【详解】hardly+过去完成时+when+一般过去时,表示“一(刚)……就……”。hardly后的分句用倒装,另一个分句不倒装。
【即时训练】
7.No sooner ________ than he ________ to see me.
A. I had gone; came B. had I gone; had come
C. had I gone; came D. I went; had come
【答案】C
【详解】no sooner+过去完成时+than+一般过去时,表示“一(刚)……就……”。no sooner后的分句用倒装,另一个分句不倒装。
【即时训练】
8. It was the first time that I ________ Beijing.
A.visited B.have visited C.had visited D.am visiting
【详解】此题考查时态。句意:是我第一次参观北京。“It was the first time that…(是我第一次……)”句型提示此句应该用过去完成时。过去完成时的谓语动词结构是“had+P.P.”,故选C。
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04
真题溯源·考向感知
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1.(2026广东省高职高考第58题) ________________________ (我正在学习) when the doorbell rang.
【答案】I was studying
【解析】本题考查过去进行时。句意:门铃响时,我正在学习。由“when”引导的时间状语从句“the doorbell rang”表示一个过去的时间点,主句描述在该时间点正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时“was/were doing”,主语是“I”,故填“I was studying”。
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2.(2025广东省高职高考第60题) So far, ______________________ (我们还没完成任务).
【答案】we haven’t finished the task yet
【解析】考查现在完成时。句意:到目前为止,我们还没完成任务。根据So far可知,句子应该用现在完成时。我们:we,作主语;没完成:haven’t finished,作谓语;任务:the task,作宾语;还:yet,作状语。
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3.(2024广东省高职高考第49题) One day while Mary ___________(have) lunch, Carol, the manager, came and sat next to her.
【答案】was having
【解析】考查过去进行时。句意:一天,玛丽正在吃午饭,经理卡罗尔来了,坐在她旁边。根据“One day while Mary...lunch, Carol, the manager came and sat next to her. (一天,玛丽……午饭,经理卡罗尔来了,坐在她旁边。)”可知,此处表示经理走过来这个动作发生时,玛丽吃午饭的动作正在进行,且根据前后文可知,故事发生在过去,此处应用过去进行时,谓语动词结构为was/were doing,主语Mary为第三人称单数,be动词用was。故填was having。
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4.(2022广东省高职高考第22题)The number of students taking the music class ________ now .
A. are rising B. is rising C. rose D. rise
【答案】B
【解析】考查现在进行时与主谓一致。句意:上音乐课的学生的数量正在增加。the number of ...意为“……的数量”,作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式,又由于后面有个now,所以用现在进行时be doing。故选B。
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5.(2022广东省高职高考第67题)Is this your wedding ring, Marry? I find it _______________. (今天早上打扫房间的时候)
【答案】when I was cleaning the room this morning
【解析】句意:这是你的结婚戒指吗,玛丽?我今天早上打扫房间的时候找打了它。今天早上:this morning;当……的时候:when;我:I;打扫:clean;房间:room。此处表示当一个动作正在进行时另一个动作发生,时间状语从句应用过去进行时。故填when I was cleaning the room this morning。
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6.(2021年广东省高职高考第23题)He ________ in London since he was a child.
A. lives B. lived C. has lived D. was living
【解析】本题考查现在完成时。现在完成时常与since引导的从句连用。句意:“从他孩提时候开始,他就住在伦敦。”
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(2018年广东省高职高考第64题)Now, look at the fly that has just _______(land) on my nose.
【解析】本题考查现在完成时。根据has just, 可知要用现在完成时。句意:“现在看看在我鼻子上着落的苍蝇。”
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