名词（名词词义辨析、固定名词搭配、固定短语）-【对标新考纲】江苏省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》第9卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：【对标新考纲】江苏省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。“考点双析”即围绕一个考点，一份是老师的讲解卷，一份是学生的练习卷。助力师生构建 “讲练结合” 的学习闭环，特别适用于第一轮高考复习。本套试卷涵盖75个考点共150卷。 本卷是【对标新考纲】江苏省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》的第9卷，主要考查名词（名词词义辨析、固定名词搭配、固定短语）。 【对标新考纲】江苏省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》 第9卷 名词（名词词义辨析、固定名词搭配、固定短语） 教师讲解卷 一、语法填空 在本节中 阅读下列句子,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式,并将答案写在对应处。(共20小题;每小题3分,满分60分) 1．We apologize for any (convenient) caused during the repairs. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】inconvenience 【详解】考查名词。句意：对于维修期间造成的任何不便，我们深表歉意。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。由“apologize”可知，道歉是因为给对方带来了“不方便”。故填inconvenience。 2．I am very glad to go to Todd’s (graduate) party. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】graduation 【详解】考查名词。句意：我非常高兴去参加托德的毕业派对。分析句子可知，空格后为名party（派对），需用所给词的名词形式修饰，作定语说明派对的类型，graduate 的名词形式为graduation（毕业）。故填graduation。 3．When job hunters are applying for a job on the website, the information they offer in their_______ (apply) forms can’t be too attractive. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】application 【详解】考查名词。句意：当求职者在网站上申请工作时，他们在申请表中提供的信息再吸引人都不为过。提示词修饰名词forms，用名词application作定语，其意为“申请”，名词作定语表类别。故填application。 4．Users are encouraged to post their problems, and they will get advice from our _______ (healthy) experts and other forum users. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】health 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们鼓励用户发布他们的问题，并且他们会从我们的健康专家以及论坛上的其他用户那里获得建议。此处使用名词作定语，表示“健康专家”用health experts。故填health。 5．She received an (admit) offer from Harvard University.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】admission 【详解】考查名词。句意：她收到了哈佛大学的录取通知书。提示词修饰名词offer，用名词admission作定语，意为“录取”，表类别。故填admission。 6．The famous star will play the (lead) role in this film. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】leading/lead 【详解】考查形容词或名词。句意：这位著名的明星将在这部电影中担任主角。空处修饰role，表示主角，可用形容词leading，意为“主演的”，也可用名词lead作定语，意为“主角”。leading/lead role意为“主角”。故填leading/lead。 7．Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (满足) community (serve) requirements. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】service 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们将提供培训和工具。这满足社区服务的要求。分析句子结构可知，此空应填名词，与community 构成名词短语作定语修饰requirements，serve的名词形式是service，community service意为“社区服务”，为固定搭配。故填service。 8．In my community, there is a (young) club helping students to study English, where voluntary workers are in great demand. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】youth 【详解】考查名词。句意：在我的社区里，有一个帮助学生学习英语的青年俱乐部，那里非常需要志愿者。根据后文club可知，空处应用表示“青年”的名词youth，作定语，修饰名词club。名词短语youth club意为“青年俱乐部”。故填youth。 9．The research team put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise (train) program to monitor their heart health. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】training 【详解】考查名词。句意：研究小组让健康的 70 岁老人参加为期一年的锻炼训练计划，以监测他们的心脏健康。设空处应填名词作定语，修饰名词 program，所给词 train 为动词，其名词形式为 training，意为“训练”，exercise training program 表示“锻炼训练计划”，符合句意，故填training。 10． (injure) problems can shorten a player’s career. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Injury 【详解】考查名词。句意：伤病问题会缩短球员的职业生涯。由空后problems为名词可知，“injury problems”表示“伤病问题”，“injury”在这里作定语，修饰“problems”，用名词形式。故填Injury。 11．The (adapt) process varies from person to person. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】adaptation 【详解】考查名词。句意：适应过程因人而异。空格处需作定语修饰名词process，因此要用所给词adapt“适应”的名词形式adaptation，adaptation process表示“适应过程”。故填adaptation。 12．The (construct) work of the theatre is supposed to be completed within the year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】construction 【详解】考查名词。句意：句意：这座剧院的建设工作预计在今年内完成。根据句意及空后名词work可知，空处应填名词形式作定语修饰work。construct的名词形式是construction，意为“建设”，符合题意。故填construction。 13．The (cure) rate of this disease is increasing. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】cure 【详解】考查名词。句意：这种疾病的治愈率正在提高。空处修饰名词rate，可用名词cure作定语，名词作定语常表类别；cure rate“治愈率”。故填cure。 14．She was once even featured on a (real) show on China Central Television. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】 reality 【详解】考查名词。句意：她甚至曾在中国中央电视台的一档真人秀节目中亮相。此处表示“真人秀”，应用名词 reality 修饰名词 show作定语，reality show 意为“真人秀节目”。故填 reality。 15．In the spare time, the young (deliver) man reads some collections of poems. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】delivery 【详解】考查名词。句意：业余时间里，这位送递员阅读了一些诗歌集。根据句子结构，空白处需要一个名词作定语修饰man。根据汉语提示，“快递员”可以用“delivery man”来表达，其中“delivery”作为名词，意为“递送服务”。故填delivery。 16．Check all functions are operating correctly by pressing each (select) button in order then close the cabinet and wipe the outside. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】selection 【详解】考查名词作定语。句意：通过按顺序按每一个选择按钮来确保所有的功能都在正常运行，然后关掉柜子，擦拭外面。此处意为“选择按钮”，故应用名词selection作定语，表示其用途和功能，故填selection。 17．His ability to absorb information was astonishing, but his (concentrate) time was short. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】concentration 【详解】考查名词。句意：他吸收信息的能力是惊人的，但他集中注意力的时间很短。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词，此处应是concentration，和time构成短语：concentration time意为“集中时间”。故填concentration。 18．He admitted there had been (distribute) problems. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】distribution 【详解】考查名词。句意：他承认存在分配问题。空处应用名词，作定语修饰problems。distribution意为“分配”。故填distribution。 19．Many people have a limited early (child) memory, remembering selective events, but totally forgetting others. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】childhood 【详解】考查名词。句意：许多人的童年早期记忆有限，记得选择性事件，但完全忘记了其他人。根据句意可知空处表示“童年，孩童时期”，结合句子结构空处应为名词作定语，childhood表示“童年，孩童时期”，为不可数名词，故填childhood。 20．It took us quite a long time to get to the (amuse) park. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】amusement 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们花了很长时间才到游乐场。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用名词amusement“娱乐”，修饰名词park，作定语，amusement park“游乐场”。故填amusement。 二、 选择题 在本节中 阅读下列句子,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出正确的答案。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) 21. The active________ to the community service is what makes him popular among the residents. A．arrangement B．presentation C．adjustment D．contribution 【答案】D 【详解】句意：对社区服务的积极贡献使他在居民中很受欢迎。结合语境“what makes him popular among the residents”可知，此处指的是积极投身社区服务并做出贡献才会受人欢迎，contribution符合句意。 22．We had several interesting ________ with the local people during our trip to the village. A．conversations B．preparations C．invitations D．celebrations 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在我们前往那个村庄的旅行中，我们与当地居民进行了几次有趣的交谈。A. conversations对话，交谈；B. preparations准备工作；C. invitations邀请；D. celebrations庆祝活动。固定搭配have conversations with sb.“和某人交谈”，旅行场景里，和当地人最贴合的就是聊天、交谈。 23．During the internship, students must follow strict______ rules to avoid accidents. A．schedule B．salary C．safety D．system 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在实习期间，学生们必须严格遵守安全规定，以避免发生事故。A. schedule计划（表），进度表；B. salary薪水；C. safety安全；D. system系统。由avoid accidents可知，此处表示“遵守安全规定”，safety rules意为“安全规定”。 24．The whole _______ of applying for a passport usually takes several working days. A．progress B．production C．promise D．process 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：申请护照的整个过程通常需要几个工作日。A. progress进展；进步；B. production生产；产品；C. promise承诺；诺言；D. process过程；流程。结合“申请护照”的语境，process最符合语义。故选D。 25．The constant noise from the construction site next door had a negative ________ on the students’ concentration, making it difficult for them to focus on the lecture. A．effort B．affect C．effect D．efficiency 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词（动词）词义辨析。句意：隔壁建筑工地持续的噪音对学生们的注意力产生了负面影响，使得他们难以专注听讲。A. effort努力；尽力；B. affect动词，影响；C. effect效果；影响；D. efficiency效率。结合前文“The constant noise from the construction site next door”可知，此处表示“对学生们的注意力产生了负面影响”，have an effect on sb./sth.意为“对某人/某事有影响”，affect为动词词性，不符合此处语法要求。故选C。 26．Jaws was a great success, attracting huge audiences and winning many _________. A．awards B．rewards C．bonuses D．medals 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：《大白鲨》取得了巨大的成功，吸引了大量观众并赢得了许多奖项。A. awards奖项，奖品；B. rewards报酬，奖励（指对品德高尚或勤劳的人所给予的报酬或奖励）；C. bonuses奖金，红利；D. medals奖章，勋章。根据Jaws was a great success可知，此处指赢得了许多奖项，awards符合语境。故选A。 27．Don’t ________ to pursue your dream, or you’ll lose the ________ . A．refuse; control B．hesitate; opportunity C．intend; power D．tend; achievement 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：不要犹豫去追求你的梦想，否则你会失去这个机会。A. refuse拒绝、control控制；B. hesitate犹豫、opportunity机会；C. intend打算、power力量；D. tend倾向于、achievement成就。根据“pursue your dream”可知，此处“不要犹豫去追求梦想”，若犹豫就会错失机会，因此动词hesitate和名词opportunity符合题意。故选B。 28．It is to keep of the calories you burn if you want to be in shape. A．benefited; pace B．beneficial; track C．benefits; touch D．benefit; sight 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词和名词词义辨析以及固定搭配。句意：如果你想保持良好体形，记录你燃烧的卡路里是有益的。A. benefited受益的（过去式/过去分词/形容词）；pace步伐；B. beneficial有益的；track轨迹，踪迹；C. benefits益处（名词）；touch触碰；D. benefit有益于/益处（动词/名词）；sight视力。it is+形容词+to do为固定句型，第一空用形容词beneficial作表语；固定搭配keep track of表示“记录、掌握……的动态”，B选项符合句意和语法。故选B。 29．Out of a sense of patriotism and________ , the country boy joined the army. A．humor B．direction C．acceptance D．responsibility 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：出于对国家的热爱和责任感，这个农村男孩参军了。A. humor幽默；B. direction方向；C. acceptance接受；D. responsibility责任。由“the country boy joined the army”可知，此处表示“出于对国家的热爱和责任感”，空格处意为“责任”。故选D。 30．It is said that dogs will keep you______for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely. A．concentration B．confusion C．silence D．company 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：据说当你感到孤独时，狗狗会一直陪伴你。A. concentration专注；B. confusion困惑；C. silence沉默；D. company陪伴。根据后文“when you are feeling lonely”可知，此处指狗狗陪伴孤独的人，keep sb. company为固定短语“陪伴某人”。故选D项。 三、短文填空 在本节中 阅读下列短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式,并将答案写在对应处。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) “To a person, nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I’m cold, hungry 31 tired?” These words of Dr. Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and 32 carried her through a life of hard choices. As a five-year-old girl, she was deeply affected by her mother’s death. At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of 33 (marry) like the majority of girls, she chose to study medicine. “Finding a good husband should be their final goal!” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees. She responded, “I would rather stay single to study all my life!” 34 (late), she went on to study medicine as she had wished. In 1941, Dr. Lin was the first Chinese woman ever 35 (become) the director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital, but before long, the department was closed because of the war. Thinking of all the people still 36 need of help, Dr. Lin opened a private clinic, 37 she charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduce the costs for poor patients. At times she was even seen 38 (ride) a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr. Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as 39 “mother of ten thousand babies”, having delivered over 50000 babies in her lifetime. And even as she 40 (lie) dying, her final thoughts were for others. She said, “Don’t try to rescue me anymore. Don’t waste the medicine anymore.” 【答案】 31．or 32．what 33．marriage 34．Later 35．to become 36．in 37．where 38．riding 39．the 40．lay 【导语】本文主要介绍的是林巧稚的生平和主要贡献。 31．考查连词。句意：对一个人而言，没有什么比生命更加珍贵，如果他们将自己的生命托付于我，我又怎能因自己寒冷、饥饿或疲惫而拒绝这份信任呢？cold, hungry和tired是并列关系，此处表示“寒冷、饥饿或疲惫”，空格处意为“或者”，是or。 32．考查宾语从句。句意：林巧稚大夫的这番话，让我们得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界，以及是什么支撑她度过了一个个艰难抉择的人生。“carried her through a life of hard choices”是宾语从句，作look into的宾语，从句中缺少主语，此处表示“是什么支撑她度过了一个个艰难抉择的人生”，因此用what引导宾语从句。 33．考查名词。句意：18岁时，她没有像大多数女孩那样选择走传统的婚姻道路，而是毅然决定学医。空格处用名词作宾语，marry的名词是marriage，是不可数名词，意为“婚姻”。 34．考查副词。句意：后来，她如愿以偿地继续学医。空格处用副词作状语，此处表示“后来”，是later，位于句首，首字母大写。 35．考查不定式。句意：1941年，林大夫成为北京协和医院妇产科首位中国籍女主任，但不久后，因战争原因，该科室被迫关闭。Chinese woman前有序数词the first修饰，空格处用不定式to become作后置定语。 36．考查介词。句意：想到还有那么多人需要帮助，林大夫开设了一家私人诊所，她向患者收取的费用极低，还经常为贫困患者减免费用。in need of意为“需要”，因此空格处是介词of。 37．考查定语从句。句意：想到还有那么多人需要帮助，林大夫开设了一家私人诊所，她向患者收取的费用极低，还经常为贫困患者减免费用。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词clinic是地方，因此用关系副词where引导定语从句。 38．考查非谓语动词。句意：有时，人们甚至看到她骑着毛驴前往偏远的村庄提供医疗服务。句中谓语是was even seen，空格处用非谓语动词，she和ride之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，此处作补足语。 39．考查定冠词。句意：尽管林巧稚大夫终身未嫁，但她被誉为“万婴之母”，一生接生了5万多名婴儿。此处用定冠词the特指“万婴之母”。 40．考查时态。句意：甚至在她弥留之际，心里想的还是别人。as引导的是时间状语从句，空格处作从句的谓语，由were可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，lie表示“躺”时，过去式是lay。 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：【对标新考纲】江苏省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。“考点双析”即围绕一个考点，一份是老师的讲解卷，一份是学生的练习卷。助力师生构建 “讲练结合” 的学习闭环，特别适用于第一轮高考复习。本套试卷涵盖75个考点共150卷。 本卷是【对标新考纲】江苏省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》的第9卷，主要考查名词（名词词义辨析、固定名词搭配、固定短语）。 【对标新考纲】江苏省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》 第9卷 名词（名词词义辨析、固定名词搭配、固定短语） 教师讲解卷 一、语法填空 在本节中 阅读下列句子,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式,并将答案写在对应处。(共20小题;每小题3分,满分60分) 1．We apologize for any (convenient) caused during the repairs. （所给词的适当形式填空） 2．I am very glad to go to Todd’s (graduate) party. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．When job hunters are applying for a job on the website, the information they offer in their_______ (apply) forms can’t be too attractive. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．Users are encouraged to post their problems, and they will get advice from our _______ (healthy) experts and other forum users. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．She received an (admit) offer from Harvard University.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．The famous star will play the (lead) role in this film. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (满足) community (serve) requirements. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．In my community, there is a (young) club helping students to study English, where voluntary workers are in great demand. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．The research team put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise (train) program to monitor their heart health. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10． (injure) problems can shorten a player’s career. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11．The (adapt) process varies from person to person. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．The (construct) work of the theatre is supposed to be completed within the year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．The (cure) rate of this disease is increasing. (所给词的适当形式填空) 14．She was once even featured on a (real) show on China Central Television. （所给词的适当形式填空） 15．In the spare time, the young (deliver) man reads some collections of poems. (所给词的适当形式填空) 16．Check all functions are operating correctly by pressing each (select) button in order then close the cabinet and wipe the outside. (所给词的适当形式填空) 17．His ability to absorb information was astonishing, but his (concentrate) time was short. (所给词的适当形式填空) 18．He admitted there had been (distribute) problems. (所给词的适当形式填空) 19．Many people have a limited early (child) memory, remembering selective events, but totally forgetting others. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20．It took us quite a long time to get to the (amuse) park. (所给词的适当形式填空) 二、 选择题 在本节中 阅读下列句子,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出正确的答案。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) 21. The active________ to the community service is what makes him popular among the residents. A．arrangement B．presentation C．adjustment D．contribution 22．We had several interesting ________ with the local people during our trip to the village. A．conversations B．preparations C．invitations D．celebrations 23．During the internship, students must follow strict______ rules to avoid accidents. A．schedule B．salary C．safety D．system 24．The whole _______ of applying for a passport usually takes several working days. A．progress B．production C．promise D．process 25．The constant noise from the construction site next door had a negative ________ on the students’ concentration, making it difficult for them to focus on the lecture. A．effort B．affect C．effect D．efficiency 26．Jaws was a great success, attracting huge audiences and winning many _________. A．awards B．rewards C．bonuses D．medals 27．Don’t ________ to pursue your dream, or you’ll lose the ________ . A．refuse; control B．hesitate; opportunity C．intend; power D．tend; achievement 28．It is to keep of the calories you burn if you want to be in shape. A．benefited; pace B．beneficial; track C．benefits; touch D．benefit; sight 29．Out of a sense of patriotism and________ , the country boy joined the army. A．humor B．direction C．acceptance D．responsibility 30．It is said that dogs will keep you______for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely. A．concentration B．confusion C．silence D．company 三、短文填空 在本节中 阅读下列短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式,并将答案写在对应处。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分22分) “To a person, nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I’m cold, hungry 31 tired?” These words of Dr. Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and 32 carried her through a life of hard choices. As a five-year-old girl, she was deeply affected by her mother’s death. At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of 33 (marry) like the majority of girls, she chose to study medicine. “Finding a good husband should be their final goal!” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees. She responded, “I would rather stay single to study all my life!” 34 (late), she went on to study medicine as she had wished. In 1941, Dr. Lin was the first Chinese woman ever 35 (become) the director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital, but before long, the department was closed because of the war. Thinking of all the people still 36 need of help, Dr. Lin opened a private clinic, 37 she charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduce the costs for poor patients. At times she was even seen 38 (ride) a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr. Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as 39 “mother of ten thousand babies”, having delivered over 50000 babies in her lifetime. And even as she 40 (lie) dying, her final thoughts were for others. She said, “Don’t try to rescue me anymore. Don’t waste the medicine anymore.” 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $