名词（名词词义辨析、固定名词搭配、固定短语）（学生练习卷）-【对标新考纲】江苏省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》第10卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：【对标新考纲】江苏省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。“考点双析”即围绕一个考点，一份是老师的讲解卷，一份是学生的练习卷。助力师生构建 “讲练结合” 的学习闭环，特别适用于第一轮高考复习。本套试卷涵盖75个考点共150卷。 本卷是【对标新考纲】江苏省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》的第10卷，主要考查名词（名词词义辨析、固定名词搭配、固定短语）。 【对标新考纲】江苏省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》 第10卷 名词（名词词义辨析、固定名词搭配、固定短语） 学生练习卷 一、语法填空 在本节中 阅读下列句子,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式,并将答案写在对应处。(共20小题;每小题3分,满分60分) 1．Despite disadvantages of food delivery service, people use it on a regular (base) and cannot live without it. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】basis 【详解】考查名词。句意：尽管外卖服务存在种种弊端，但人们经常使用外卖，而且生活中已经离不开它了。空处需填名词basis，作介词宾语，on a regular basis为固定短语，意为“经常地”。故填basis。 2．Fill in the (apply) form and submit it before December 1st. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】application 【详解】考查名词。句意：填写申请表并在12月1日前提交。分析句子可知，此空应填application表“申请”，为不可数名词，在本句中作定语，修饰后面名词form。故填application。 3．He cheated her into (believe) him a wealthy man. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】believing 【详解】考查动名词。句意：他欺骗她，使她相信他是个有钱人。此处为动词短语cheat sb into doing sth“欺骗某人做某事”，所以此处为动名词形式。故填believing。 4．Spring is in the air and Beijing has set up 172 “flower (appreciate) areas” for visitors. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】appreciation 【详解】考查名词。句意：春意盎然，北京为游客设置了172个“赏花地区”。根据空后的名词areas可知，此处应用名词appreciation作定语修饰后面名词。故填appreciation。 5．With more importance attached to art education, the museum decided to provide free_______ (admit) to all the students in the city. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】admission 【详解】考查名词。句意：随着对艺术教育的重视，博物馆决定给这个城市所有的学生免费开放。根据空格前的形容词 free可知，空格处应填名词作动词provide的宾语，结合句意“入场费”是admission，为不可数名词。故填admission。 6．The famous star will play the (lead) role in this film. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】leading/lead 【详解】考查形容词或名词。句意：这位著名的明星将在这部电影中担任主角。空处修饰role，表示主角，可用形容词leading，意为“主演的”，也可用名词lead作定语，意为“主角”。leading/lead role意为“主角”。故填leading/lead。 7．Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (满足) community (serve) requirements. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】service 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们将提供培训和工具。这满足社区服务的要求。分析句子结构可知，此空应填名词，与community 构成名词短语作定语修饰requirements，serve的名词形式是service，community service意为“社区服务”，为固定搭配。故填service。 8．I developed the habit of thinking and solving problems with the help of (refer) books. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】reference 【详解】考查名词作定语。句意：我养成了借助参考书思考和解决问题的习惯。此处是名词作定语修饰名词，所给词refer是动词，其名词是reference，意为“参考”。故答案为reference。 9．The 28-year-old assumed that both his personal efforts and the first-rate (train) environment contributed to his success. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】training 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位28岁的青年认为，他的成功得益于他个人的努力和一流的训练环境。分析句子可知，空处作定语修饰environment，应将动词train转化为名词training，表示“训练”，training environment指“训练环境”。故填training。 10．An official proposed that we should reform (detect) system at the conference. (所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】detection 【详解】考查名词。句意：一名官员在会上提议要革新侦查制度。此处表示被修饰词的类别和用途，所以应用名词作定语修饰名词system。名词detection意为“侦查”。故填detection。 11．He dwelled so much on the problem only to show his________ (unaware) of the solution to it. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】unawareness 【详解】考查名词。句意：他在这个问题上纠缠了太久，结果只是表明了他对这个问题的解决方案一无所知。his是形容词性物主代词，其后应接名词。unaware名词形式unawareness，意为“不知情，不了解”。故填unawareness。 12．In the adventure camp, we’ll learn (survive) skill. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】survival 【详解】考查名词。句意：在探险营中，我们将学习生存技能。空处作定语，修饰名词“skill”；survival为名词，表示“生存”，可作定语，survival skill意为“生存技能”，符合句意。故填survival。 13．In order to ease the traffic pressure, the government has decided to expand this urban road and the   (extend) work will take about three months. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】extension 【详解】考查名词。句意：为了缓解交通压力，政府决定对这条城市道路进行扩建，扩建工作大约需要三个月的时间。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作定语，表示对名词的特征进行说明，extend的名词为extension意为“扩展”说明work的性质。故填extension。 14．Reducing fossil ( fuel) dependence is key to combating climate change. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 fuel 【详解】考查名词短语。句意：减少对化石燃料的依赖是应对气候变化的关键。fossil fuel意为“化石燃料”，在句中作reducing的宾语，此处表示泛指概念，且fuel表示燃料的种类或泛指时多为不可数名词，因此用单数形式作定语修饰dependence，构成固定搭配fossil fuel作定语修饰dependence。故填fossil fuel。 15．His ability to absorb information was astonishing, but his (concentrate) time was short. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】concentration 【详解】考查名词。句意：他吸收信息的能力是惊人的，但他集中注意力的时间很短。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词，此处应是concentration，和time构成短语：concentration time意为“集中时间”。故填concentration。 16．Scientists believe (quantum) computing will transform cryptography. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】quantum 【详解】考查名词。句意：科学家认为量子计算将改变密码学。quantum computing量子计算。根据句意，故填quantum。 17．I find that yoga improves my powers of (concentrate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】concentration 【详解】考查名词。句意：我发现瑜伽提高了我的注意力。根据句意和句中“of”可知，空格处应用名词，构成名词所有格结构，作“improves”的宾语，“concentrate”意为“集中”，动词词性，对应的名词为“concentration”，意为“专心，专注”，为不可数名词。故填concentration。 18．Have you filled in the (register) form? (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】registration 【详解】考查名词。句意：你填好登记表了吗？此处要用名词作定语，修饰名词form，register的名词形式为 registration，registration form 表示“登记表”。故填registration。 19．I felt as if I had seen my (child) from another space: happy and carefree. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】childhood 【详解】考查名词。句意：我仿佛从另一个空间看到了自己的童年：快乐而无忧无虑。根据句意“童年”和空前的“had seen my”可知，空处应填名词childhood作宾语，此处表抽象概念，不可数。故填childhood。 20．There are two parks less than 10 minutes’ walk from home where (neighbour) children gather to play. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】neighbourhood 【详解】考查名词。句意：离家步行不到十分钟有两个公园，社区的孩子们会聚在那里玩耍。所填词作定语修饰名词children，要将neighbour变成名词neighbourhood作定语，表示“社区”。故填 neighbourhood。 二、 选择题 在本节中 阅读下列句子,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出正确的答案。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) 21．It is not a good idea to criticize someone in front of others, which can easily cause _____. A．arrangement B．embarrassment C．movement D．treatment 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他人面前批评某人不是个好主意，这很容易导致尴尬。A. arrangement安排；B. embarrassment尴尬；C. movement活动；D. treatment对待。根据“to criticize someone in front of others”可知，在他人面前批评某人会导致的是“尴尬”。故选B。 22．He worked two part-time jobs so that he could afford the ______ of such a luxurious house. A．entry B．rent C．selection D．affair 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他打两份兼职，才租得起这么豪华的房子。A. entry进入；B. rent租金；C. selection选择；D. affair事情。根据上文“He worked two part-time jobs so that he could afford the”可知工作是为了付租金。故选B。 23．During the internship, students must follow strict______ rules to avoid accidents. A．schedule B．salary C．safety D．system 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在实习期间，学生们必须严格遵守安全规定，以避免发生事故。A. schedule计划（表），进度表；B. salary薪水；C. safety安全；D. system系统。由avoid accidents可知，此处表示“遵守安全规定”，safety rules意为“安全规定”。 24．Yuan Longping was a word-famous scientist. Because of his achievement, rice ________ has been increased greatly. A．population B．production C．introduction D．contribution 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：袁隆平是世界著名的科学家。由于他的成就，水稻产量大大增加了。A. population人口；B. production生产，产量；C. introduction介绍；D. contribution贡献。根据“has been increased greatly”可知，此处指“水稻产量大大增加了”。故选B。 25．Some students become _______ to the Internet and cannot concentrate on school and family life. A．attracted B．addicted C．attacked D．affected 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些学生沉迷于网络，无法专注于学校和家庭生活。A. attracted被吸引，常接介词to；B. addicted上瘾，be addicted to为固定搭配，表 “沉迷于……”；C. attacked攻击；D. affected影响，常接介词by。根据句意和“cannot concentrate on school and family life”的语境可知，这里指一些学生沉迷于网络，addicted符合语义，故选B项。 26．If you can help do some housework during the whole summer vacation, you will have an iPod mini as a(n) _______. A．reward B．award C．honor D．tip 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你能够在整个暑假期间帮忙做一些家务，你将会得到一部迷你iPod作为奖赏。A. reward报酬，奖赏，指对品德高尚和勤劳的人所给予的奖励；B. award奖品，侧重指官方或经正式研究裁决后对有功者或竞赛优胜者所给予的奖励；C. honor荣耀；D. tip小费。根据句意可知，做家务可以获得ipod作为奖赏，应用reward。故选A。 27．She won a gold medal for her fine ________ in the contest. A．generation B．opportunity C．performance D．misadventure 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在比赛中因为她的出色表现赢得了金牌。A. generation一代；B. opportunity机会；C. performance表演，表现；D. misadventure不幸事故。她在比赛中的出色表现是赢得金牌的原因。故选C。 28．To enjoy the _____________, Irene would rather spend long hours on the train than travel by air. A．sight B．view C．scenery D．scene 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了欣赏风景，艾琳宁愿长时间坐火车旅行也不愿坐飞机。A.sight侧重指旅游观光的风光，包括城市景色或自然风光景色，也指人造景物或奇特的景色；B. view多指从远处或高处所见的景色；C. scenery指一个国家或某一地区的整体自然风景；D. scene指具体的、局部的或一时的景色，可以是自然形成的，也可以是人工造成的。根据“spend long hours on the train”可知，这里需要一个表示“自然风光”的集合名词，强调整体的风景全貌。故选C项。 29．The new education reform aims to foster students’ critical thinking rather than encourage passive ________ to authority. A．obedience B．tolerance C．acceptance D．reaction 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：新的教育改革旨在培养学生的批判性思维，而非鼓励他们对权威被动服从。A. obedience服从，顺从；B. tolerance容忍，宽容；C. acceptance接受，认可；D. reaction反应，回应。根据“to foster students’ critical thinking”以及“rather than”可知，前后内容为对比关系，前面强调“批判性思维”，后面应是与之相反的“被动行为”，“obedience to authority”表示“对权威的服从”，符合“被动”且与“批判性思维”形成对比的语境。故选A项。 30．Basketball is a team game, where _________ between the team members is the key to victory. A．tournament B．expectation C．cooperation D．entertainment 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：篮球是一种团队运动，球员之间的合作是胜利的关键。A. tournament联赛，锦标赛；B. expectation期待，期望；C. cooperation合作；D. entertainment娱乐。根据前文的team work可知，此处应为“合作，cooperation”。故选C。 三、短文填空 在本节中 阅读下列短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式,并将答案写在对应处。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) Living in the age of AI, my life has been changed a lot by the same technology that once scared me. 31 (look) back, I realize my biggest 32 (adapt) started not from something easy, but from the difficulties brought by smart machines, especially my fear that they would take my place. I was once a student afraid of a future where machines 33 (take) over people’s jobs. At first, my goal was 34 (overcome) this worry by learning more. Dealing with the truth was 35 hardest part, a process that made me realize that many tasks had been done by machines in various fields 36 that time. Everything changed when I went to a workshop, 37 focused on how humans and AI can work together, and there I learned that AI is a tool, not a replacement. Soon, I will take an online course about AI ethics and I will work on a project that 38 (mix) creativity with machine learning. Choosing to learn about AI led to some 39 (unexpected) good changes. This experience, along with steady learning, has made me more confident. Now, I actively look for new challenges, understanding that every effort 40 (make) by me helps me grow stronger. The way to grow in the AI age is open to everyone who is willing to learn and adapt. 【答案】 31．Looking 32．adaptation 33．would take 34．to overcome 35．the 36．by 37．which 38．mixes 39．unexpectedly 40．made 【导语】主要讲述作者身处人工智能时代，从最初担忧人工智能取代人类工作，到主动学习、接纳并与人工智能协同发展的心路历程与成长感悟。 31．考查非谓语动词。句意：回首过往，我意识到自己最大的适应并不是从简单的事情开始，而是源于智能机器带来的困境，尤其是害怕它们会取代自己的位置。此处为非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语I与look之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词looking，位于句首，首字母需大写。 32．考查名词。句意：回首过往，我意识到自己最大的适应并不是从简单的事情开始，而是源于智能机器带来的困境，尤其是害怕它们会取代自己的位置。形容词biggest后接名词，adapt的名词形式为adaptation意为“适应”。 33．考查动词时态。句意：我曾经是一名害怕未来机器会接管人类工作的学生。此处为宾语从句谓语动词，主句为一般过去时，从句表示从过去看将来会发生的动作，要用过去将来时，所以谓语动词为would take。 34．考查非谓语动词。句意：起初，我的目标是通过不断学习来克服这种担忧。此处为动词不定式作表语，用来解释主语goal的具体内容，所以用动词不定式形式to overcome。 35．考查冠词。句意：接受现实是最难的部分，这个过程让我意识到，到那时各行各业已有许多工作由机器完成。形容词最高级hardest前需加定冠词the表特指，所以填the。 36．考查介词。句意：接受现实是最难的部分，这个过程让我意识到，到那时各行各业已有许多工作由机器完成。固定搭配by that time意为“到那时”，所以此处为介词by。 37．考查定语从句。句意：当我参加了一个专注于人类与人工智能如何协同工作的研讨会后，一切都变了，在会上我认识到，人工智能是一种工具，而非替代品。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a workshop，指物，关系词从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词which。 38．考查动词时态。句意：不久我将选修一门人工智能伦理的在线课程，并参与一个融合创造力与机器学习的项目。此处为定语从句的谓语动词，句子描述客观属性，用一般现在时，先行词project是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为mixes。 39．考查副词。句意：选择去了解人工智能，给我的生活带来了一些意想不到的良好改变。此处修饰形容词good，需用副词，unexpected的副词形式为unexpectedly意为“意想不到地”。 40．考查非谓语动词。句意：如今我主动迎接新挑战，明白自己付出的每一份努力都助力自身变得更强大。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，effort与make之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词made。 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：【对标新考纲】江苏省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。“考点双析”即围绕一个考点，一份是老师的讲解卷，一份是学生的练习卷。助力师生构建 “讲练结合” 的学习闭环，特别适用于第一轮高考复习。本套试卷涵盖75个考点共150卷。 本卷是【对标新考纲】江苏省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》的第10卷，主要考查名词（名词词义辨析、固定名词搭配、固定短语）。 【对标新考纲】江苏省（职教高考）《英语考点双析卷》 第10卷 名词（名词词义辨析、固定名词搭配、固定短语） 学生练习卷 一、语法填空 在本节中 阅读下列句子,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式,并将答案写在对应处。(共20小题;每小题3分,满分60分) 1．Despite disadvantages of food delivery service, people use it on a regular (base) and cannot live without it. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．Fill in the (apply) form and submit it before December 1st. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．He cheated her into (believe) him a wealthy man. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．Spring is in the air and Beijing has set up 172 “flower (appreciate) areas” for visitors. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．With more importance attached to art education, the museum decided to provide free_______ (admit) to all the students in the city. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．The famous star will play the (lead) role in this film. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (满足) community (serve) requirements. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．I developed the habit of thinking and solving problems with the help of (refer) books. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．The 28-year-old assumed that both his personal efforts and the first-rate (train) environment contributed to his success. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 10．An official proposed that we should reform (detect) system at the conference. (所给词的适当形式填空） 11．He dwelled so much on the problem only to show his________ (unaware) of the solution to it. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．In the adventure camp, we’ll learn (survive) skill. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 13．In order to ease the traffic pressure, the government has decided to expand this urban road and the   (extend) work will take about three months. (所给词的适当形式填空) 14．Reducing fossil ( fuel) dependence is key to combating climate change. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15．His ability to absorb information was astonishing, but his (concentrate) time was short. (所给词的适当形式填空) 16．Scientists believe (quantum) computing will transform cryptography. (所给词的适当形式填空) 17．I find that yoga improves my powers of (concentrate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 18．Have you filled in the (register) form? (所给词的适当形式填空) 19．I felt as if I had seen my (child) from another space: happy and carefree. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20．There are two parks less than 10 minutes’ walk from home where (neighbour) children gather to play. (所给词的适当形式填空) 二、 选择题 在本节中 阅读下列句子,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出正确的答案。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) 21．It is not a good idea to criticize someone in front of others, which can easily cause _____. A．arrangement B．embarrassment C．movement D．treatment 22．He worked two part-time jobs so that he could afford the ______ of such a luxurious house. A．entry B．rent C．selection D．affair 23．During the internship, students must follow strict______ rules to avoid accidents. A．schedule B．salary C．safety D．system 24．Yuan Longping was a word-famous scientist. Because of his achievement, rice ________ has been increased greatly. A．population B．production C．introduction D．contribution 25．Some students become _______ to the Internet and cannot concentrate on school and family life. A．attracted B．addicted C．attacked D．affected 26．If you can help do some housework during the whole summer vacation, you will have an iPod mini as a(n) _______. A．reward B．award C．honor D．tip 27．She won a gold medal for her fine ________ in the contest. A．generation B．opportunity C．performance D．misadventure 28．To enjoy the _____________, Irene would rather spend long hours on the train than travel by air. A．sight B．view C．scenery D．scene 29．The new education reform aims to foster students’ critical thinking rather than encourage passive ________ to authority. A．obedience B．tolerance C．acceptance D．reaction 30．Basketball is a team game, where _________ between the team members is the key to victory. A．tournament B．expectation C．cooperation D．entertainment 三、短文填空 在本节中 阅读下列短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式,并将答案写在对应处。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分) Living in the age of AI, my life has been changed a lot by the same technology that once scared me. 31 (look) back, I realize my biggest 32 (adapt) started not from something easy, but from the difficulties brought by smart machines, especially my fear that they would take my place. I was once a student afraid of a future where machines 33 (take) over people’s jobs. At first, my goal was 34 (overcome) this worry by learning more. Dealing with the truth was 35 hardest part, a process that made me realize that many tasks had been done by machines in various fields 36 that time. Everything changed when I went to a workshop, 37 focused on how humans and AI can work together, and there I learned that AI is a tool, not a replacement. Soon, I will take an online course about AI ethics and I will work on a project that 38 (mix) creativity with machine learning. Choosing to learn about AI led to some 39 (unexpected) good changes. This experience, along with steady learning, has made me more confident. Now, I actively look for new challenges, understanding that every effort 40 (make) by me helps me grow stronger. The way to grow in the AI age is open to everyone who is willing to learn and adapt. 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $