Unit 2 Stay Healthy SectionA Grammar Focus 课件 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

Unit 2 Stay Healthy Section A Grammar Focus 理解情态动词 should 与 could 的基本含义与用法区别，掌握其肯定、否定及疑问形式；理解反身代词的构成、基本用法及其在句子中的功能。 能在句子中正确使用 should / shouldn’t / could 表达建议、请求、能力或推测。能正确使用反身代词完成句子，表达“自我动作”或“强调”的含义。 能在模拟对话中运用所学语法结构，完成“询问健康问题—给出建议”的交际任务。 学习目标 1 2 3 A:What’s the matter? B: I ___________. have a fever What should I do? A:You should ____________________. take your temperature take one’s temperature 量体温 Look and Say （4）用于责备、命令或要求，语气比较强烈。 ▶ You shouldn’t be scared of making mistakes. 你不应该害怕犯错。 （5）用于征求对方的意见，意为“应该； 应当”，常用于主语是第一人称的疑问句中。 ▶ What should we do now? 我们现在应该做什么呢？ should的用法 A:What’s the matter? B: I __________________. have a stomachache What should I do? A:You should ________________. lie down and rest could的用法 （1）表示建议。▶ You could eat out tonight. 今晚你可以上馆子吃饭。 （2）用于向对方委婉地提出请求或征求对方的许可。 ▶ Could you take out the rubbish? 你能倒垃圾吗？（提出请求） ▶ Could I go on an outing with you? 我可以和你一起出外游玩吗？（征求对方许可） （连云港中考） Earthquakes can be very dangerous. We _______ learn to protect ourselves. 解析：might 意为“也许”；should 意为“应该”；could 意为“能；可以”；would 意为“愿意；将”。结合常识可知句意为“地震可能非常危险。我们应该学会保护自己。”情态动词should符合语境。故选B。 A. might B. should C. could D. would B A: What’s the matter with him? B: He has a _________ . A: What should he do? B: He should _____________________. sore throat drink hot tea with honey could的用法 （3）could 为can 的过去式，表示能力。 ▶ He could ride a bike at the age of five. 他五岁时就会骑自行车。 （4）表示推测，意为“可能”。 ▶ The book could belong to Lily because she likes reading books. 那本书可能是莉莉的，因为她喜欢读书。 Read the sentences. Circle the reflexive pronouns. What’s wrong? I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. You shouldn’t eat so much next time. What’s the matter? I have a really bad toothache. You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You could eat some soft food for now. How did you hurt yourself? I hurt myself when I fell off my bike. Be more careful next time. If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves. What rules can you find out? 反身代词 反身代词 反身代词是一种表示反射或强调的代词。有人称和数之分。它由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称人称代词宾格形式在词尾加-self 或-selves 构成。具体见下表： 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself 我自己 yourself 你自己 himself 他自己 herself 她自己 itself 它自己 复数 ourselves 我们自己 yourselves 你们自己 themselves 他（她、它）们自己 Reflexive pronouns Grammar 反身代词是英语中表达“······自己；本身”含义的一类代词。有人称和数之分。它由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称人称代词宾格形式在词尾加-self 或-selves 构成。具体见下表： 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself herself itself themselves 反身代词的用法 句法作用 例句 动词或介词的宾语 Be careful when you're using the knife! Don't cut yourself. 使用刀具时要小心，不要割伤自己。 In teaching others, we teach ourselves. 教人者，己已学。 I'll be away for a week. You and your sister need to take care of yourselves. 我要外出一周，你和妹妹得照顾好自己。 Don't be too hard on yourself! 别对自己太苛刻了! Reflexive pronouns Grammar 用法： （2）作同位语（作主语或宾语的同位语，加强语气, 表示 “亲自；本身；本人”） ① 作主语的同位语 (反身代词一般紧跟主语之后/放在句末) e.g. I myself do not agree. 我本人不同意。 He will speak to her himself. 他要亲自去跟她说。 ② 作宾语的同位语 (此时反身代词一般紧跟宾语之后) e.g. Would you please give this basketball toTom himself？ 请你把这个篮球交给汤姆本人好吗？ 注意：反身代词不能单独作句子的主语。 Reflexive pronouns Grammar 用法： enjoy oneself 玩得开心 by oneself 独自，单独 teach oneself 自学 learn by oneself 自学 for oneself 为自己 dress oneself 自己穿衣服 say to oneself 自言自语 help oneself to 自取，随便吃 含反身代词的一些常见搭配 巧学妙记： 反身代词的用法 反身代词表自身，句中用法可三分。 动介后面用作宾，表示动作回自身。 句中强调同位语，主语宾语后边跟。 系动be后作表语，这个用法记心间。 句法作用 例句 主语或宾语的同位语 I cooked the dinner myself. 我自己做的晚饭。 You had better ask the dentist herself. 你最好问牙医本人。 反身代词的用法 反身代词用作主语或宾语的同位语时，一般用于强调，常译为“本人；亲自”。常见的可接反身代词作宾语的动词或短语动词有cut、hurt、protect、teach、enjoy、help、take care of、look after等。 Reflexive pronouns Grammar 典例 —Mum, could you please help me wash my clothes? —Harry, you are a teen now. You can do it by y____________. （2025·眉山） ourself 解析：by oneself 意为“独自；单独”，是固定搭配。由句意 “—妈妈，你能帮我洗下衣服吗？—哈里，你现在是个青少年了。 你可以 _________ 做了。”可知，此处要用“你自己”。 故填yourself。 句法作用 例句 表语 Just be yourself. 做你自己就好了。 Mary hasn't been quite herself recently. 玛丽近来有些不对劲儿。 反身代词的用法 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 take care of oneself 照顾自己 hurt oneself 伤到自己 by oneself 独自 teach oneself 自学 help oneself to sth 随便吃 / 用某物 Exercise—完成句子 1. 不要担心！我们足够大能照顾好我们自己。 Don’t worry! We’re old enough to ______ ______ ______ __________. 2. 第一次独自旅行帮助她找到了自我，并获得了独立感。 Travelling alone for the first time helped her to ________ __________ and gain a sense of independence. 3. 有人说徽墨本身就是一件艺术品。 Some people say the Huizhou inkstick ________ is a work of art. 4. 晚餐准备好了。请大家自便，别客气。 Dinner is ready. Please ________ ___________ and make yourselves at home. 5. 每一个学生都必须习惯于独立解决问题。 Every student must get used to working out the problems _______ ____________. 6. 做你自己，不要在乎其他人是怎么看你的。 _______ ___________, and don’t care about what others think of you. take care of ourselves find herself itself help yourselves by themselves Be yourself Exercise—用 should, shouldn’t 或could 填空 1. You _________ eat too much junk food; it’s bad for your health. 2. If you have a toothache, you _________ see a dentist right away. 3. She _________ be more careful, or she will make the same mistake again. 4. You _________ brush your teeth every day. 5. You _________ brush your teeth with a different toothpaste (牙膏). 6. Shh…! This is a library. You _________ keep your voice down. 7. You look too tired. You _________ rest and _________ work too hard. 8. It rained so heavily that we _________ hardly see the road in front of us. 9. — My bike is broken and I can’t fix it by myself. _________ you give me a hand? — OK, I will. should should could should should should shouldn’t shouldn’t Could could 反身代词与情态动词 1.作同位语，强调主语/宾语，翻译为“亲自、本人”。 2. 作宾语，分两种情况（动宾/介宾），动作回指主语。 3. 作表语，放在 be 动词 / 系动词后，说明主语的状态。 反身代词 情态动词should与could 用于对他人提出合理的建议、劝告 表示义务或责任 某事“很可能发生”，表推测 表示拒绝、恼怒或惊奇等 指过去具备做某事的能力 指 “可以做某事”，表委婉的许可 用于向他人提出请求或建议 指某事“有可能发生”，表推测 should could 挑战一：单项选择。 1.（天津中考）When _______ parents went away on business, I looked after _______. A. my; myself B. my; mine C. me; myself D. me; mine 2.（云南中考）—Maria, you should believe in _______. That's the secret of success. —OK, I will. A. myself B. yourself C. herself D. himself A B Complete the sentences using the correct reflexive pronouns. 1. The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by _________. 2. Be careful when you’re using the knife! Don't cut _________. 3. After taking the safety training, we can enjoy _________ in the mountains. 4. Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to be a doctor __________. herself yourself ourselves himself 24 5. The students are young, but they know how to protect __________. 6. Her clearest memory is not of the race _________, but the terrible pain in her legs the next day. themselves itself Review what we learned today. Prepare for the next lesson. Homework THANKS See you next class! $