Unit5 The Value of Money 单元词汇知识清单-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第三册

新人教版必修三Unit 5 The Value of Money 单元词汇知识清单 一、核心单词精讲 1. spot 单词变形 过去式/过去分词：spotted 现在分词：spotting 派生词：spotted adj. 有斑点的 spotless adj. 一尘不染的 核心考点 （1）spot sb/sth doing sth 发现某人/某物正在做某事 （2）on the spot 当场；立刻；在现场 （3）be spotted doing 被看见正在做…… 教材原句 The next morning I was spotted by a ship. 第二天早上，一艘船发现了我。 中英例句 She spotted a stranger hanging around the gate. 她发现一个陌生人在门口徘徊。 练习 1.A witness spotted the suspect ______(run) out of the bank the moment the accident happened. 2. dare 单词变形 过去式/过去分词：dared 现在分词：daring 派生词：daring adj. 大胆的 核心考点 （1）实义动词：dare (to) do sth 敢于做某事 （2）情态动词：dare not do sth 不敢做某事 （3）固定句式：How dare you…? 你竟敢……？ 教材原句 Anyway, I didn’t dare to try again. 反正我也不敢再试一次了。 中英例句 He didn’t dare (to) say a word in front of the headmaster. 在校长面前，他不敢说一句话。 练习 2.No one dared________(say) a word when they saw the headmaster came in. 3. hesitate 单词变形 过去式/过去分词：hesitated 现在分词：hesitating 派生词：hesitation n. 犹豫 hesitant adj. 迟疑的 核心考点 （1）hesitate to do sth 犹豫做某事 （2）hesitate about/over (doing) sth 对做某事犹豫不决 （3）without hesitation 毫不犹豫地 中英例句 Don’t hesitate to turn to me whenever you are in trouble. 无论何时遇到麻烦，尽管来找我。 练习 3.He hesitated for a moment before ______(accept) the invitation. 4. apologise (apologize) 单词变形 过去式/过去分词：apologised/apologized 现在分词：apologising/apologizing 派生词：apology n. 道歉 核心考点 （1）apologise to sb for (doing) sth 因（做）某事向某人道歉 （2）make an apology to sb for sth 因某事向某人道歉 中英例句 He apologised to his teacher for being late again. 他因再次迟到向老师道歉。 练习 4.The young man made an apology ______ the old man for his rude behaviour. 5. judge 单词变形 过去式/过去分词：judged 现在分词：judging 派生词：judgement n. 判断力；评价 judgmental adj. 爱评判的 核心考点 （1）judge sb/sth by/from… 根据……判断某人/某物 （2）judging from/by… 从……来看（固定悬垂分词） 中英例句 Judging from his look, he must have passed the exam. 从他的神情判断，他一定通过了考试。 练习 5.______(judge) by the weather forecast, we will have a fine weekend. 6. basis 单词变形 复数：bases 派生词：basic adj. 基本的 base n. 基地；v. 以……为基础 核心考点 （1）on a daily/weekly/monthly/regular basis 每天/每周/每月/定期 （2）on the basis of sth 在……基础上；根据某事 中英例句 We have training courses on a monthly basis. 我们每月都开设培训课程。 练习 6.Teachers should give comments ______ the basis of students’ real performance. 7. manner 单词变形 复数：manners 派生词：well-mannered adj. 有礼貌的 bad-mannered adj. 没礼貌的 核心考点 （1）in a … manner 以……方式 （2）It’s good/bad manners to do sth 做某事有/没有礼貌 （3）table manners 餐桌礼仪 教材原句 He spoke in a rude manner. 他说话态度粗鲁。 中英例句 It’s bad manners to interrupt others while they are speaking. 打断别人说话是不礼貌的。 练习 7.She dealt with the problem ______ a calm and wise manner. 8. permission 单词变形 派生词：permit v. 允许 n. 许可证 permissible adj. 可允许的 核心考点 （1）without permission 未经允许；擅自 （2）with one’s permission 经某人许可 （3）ask for permission 请求许可 中英例句 No one is allowed to enter the lab without permission. 未经允许，任何人不得进入实验室。 练习 8.You can’t use the classroom computer without ______(permit). 9. willing 单词变形 副词：willingly 名词：willingness 反义词：unwilling adj. 不情愿的 核心考点 （1）be willing to do sth 愿意/乐意做某事 （2）be unwilling to do sth 不愿意做某事 中英例句 Most volunteers are willing to devote their time to public service.大多数志愿者愿意奉献时间参与公益。 练习 9.Only those who are willing ______(take) challenges can achieve success. 10. intend 单词变形 过去式/过去分词：intended 现在分词：intending 派生词：intention n. 意图；打算 intentional adj. 故意的 核心考点 （1）intend to do sth 打算做某事 （2）be intended for sb/sth 专为……设计 （3）have no intention of doing sth 无意做某事 中英例句 This book is intended for high school students. 这本书是专为高中生编写的。 练习 10. I didn’t intend ______(hurt) your feelings, so please forgive me. 11. pursue 单词变形 过去式/过去分词：pursued 现在分词：pursuing 派生词：pursuit n. 追求；探索 核心考点 （1）pursue one’s dream 追求梦想 （2）pursue sth 致力于；追求某物 （3）in pursuit of 追求；追寻 中英例句 He has been pursuing his dream of becoming a doctor since childhood. 他从小就一直在追求当医生的梦想。 练习 11.She decided to go after the______(pursue) of her dream after graduation. 12. indicate 单词变形 过去式/过去分词：indicated 现在分词：indicating 派生词：indication n. 迹象；征兆 核心考点 （1）indicate sth 表明；显示 （2）indicate that从句 表明…… （3）indicate to sb sth 向某人暗示某事 中英例句 The survey indicates that most students are satisfied with the new teaching method.调查表明大多数学生对新的教学方法感到满意。 练习 12.The dark clouds in the sky indicate that it ______(rain) soon. 13. postpone 单词变形 过去式/过去分词：postponed 现在分词：postponing 派生词：postponement n. 延迟；延期 核心考点 （1）postpone doing sth 推迟做某事 （2）postpone sth to + 时间 把某事推迟到…… 中英例句 We have to postpone holding the meeting because of the heavy rain. 由于大雨，我们不得不推迟召开会议。 练习 13.The sports meeting was postponed ______ next week due to the bad weather. 14. maintain 单词变形 过去式/过去分词：maintained 现在分词：maintaining 派生词：maintenance n. 维护；维持 核心考点 （1）maintain contact with sb 与某人保持联系 （2）maintain that从句 坚持认为…… （3）maintain sth 维持；维修 中英例句 He maintains that he is innocent of the crime. 他坚持认为自己无罪。 练习 14.It’s important to maintain ______(communicate) with your parents regularly. 15. loan 单词变形 过去式/过去分词：loaned 现在分词：loaning 核心考点 （1）take out a loan 办理贷款；借款 （2）loan sb sth = loan sth to sb 把某物借给某人 中英例句 He took out a loan to buy a new house. 他贷款买了一套新房子。 练习 15.He succeeded in ______(loan) a large sum of money to start his business. 16. plastic 单词变形 派生词：plastics n. 塑料制品 plasticity n. 可塑性 核心考点 （1）plastic adj. 塑料制的 （2）plastic n. 塑料；塑料制品 （3）plastic bags/bottles 塑料袋/塑料瓶 中英例句 We should reduce the use of plastic products to protect the environment. 我们应该减少塑料制品的使用以保护环境。 练习 16. It’s difficult to break down plastic waste, _________ causes serious pollution. 17. scene 单词变形 复数：scenes 派生词：scenic adj. 风景优美的 核心考点 （1）on/at the scene 在现场；在场 （2）behind the scenes 秘密地；幕后 （3）scene of the accident 事故现场 中英例句 The police arrived at the scene of the crime immediately. 警察立即赶到了犯罪现场。 练习 17. When we arrived at the scene, the firefighters already ______(put) out the fire. 18. narrator 单词变形 派生词：narrate v. 讲述；叙述 narration n. 叙述 核心考点 （1）narrator n. 叙述者；解说员 （2）the narrator of the story 故事叙述者 中英例句 The narrator of this novel is a young girl who experienced a lot of hardships. 这部小说的叙述者是一个经历了许多磨难的小女孩。 练习 18. The narrator’s voice in the film is clear and ______(express), making the story more attractive. 19. bet 单词变形 过去式/过去分词：bet/betted 现在分词：betting 复数：bets 核心考点 （1）make a bet 打赌 （2）bet on sth 就……打赌 （3）bet sb that从句 跟某人打赌…… 教材原句 We’ve made a bet. 我们打了一个赌。 中英例句 They made a bet on who would win the basketball match. 他们就谁会赢得篮球赛打了个赌。 练习 19. He bet me 100 yuan that he ______(pass) the driving test. 20. servant 单词变形 复数：servants 派生词：serve v. 服务 service n. 服务 核心考点 （1）servant n. 仆人；佣人 （2）serve as a servant 担任仆人 中英例句 In the old days, many rich families had several servants to help with the housework. 在过去，许多富裕家庭有几个仆人帮忙做家务。 练习 20. The servant ______(serve) the master faithfully for more than ten years. 21. sort 单词变形 过去式/过去分词：sorted 现在分词：sorting 核心考点 （1）all sorts of 各种各样的 （2）sort out 挑出；整理；解决 （3）sort sth into… 把某物分成…… 中英例句 She sorted out the old clothes and gave them to the poor. 她整理出旧衣服，把它们捐给了穷人。 练习 21. There are all sorts of ______(flower) in the garden, which look very beautiful. 22. patience 单词变形 派生词：patient adj. 有耐心的 n. 病人 patiently adv. 耐心地 impatient adj. 不耐烦的 核心考点 （1）have patience with sb 对某人有耐心 （2）lose patience 失去耐心 （3）with patience 耐心地 中英例句 Teachers need to have a lot of patience with their students.老师需要对学生有很大的耐心。 练习 22.You should be patient and wait for him ______(patient), he will come soon. 23. obligation 单词变形 复数：obligations 派生词：obligate v. 使有义务 obligatory adj. 义务的 核心考点 （1）have an obligation to do sth 有义务做某事 （2）fulfill one’s obligation 履行义务 中英例句 Everyone has an obligation to protect the environment. 每个人都有保护环境的义务。 练习 23. As a citizen, we have the obligation ______(obey) the laws of our country. 24. extent 单词变形 派生词：extend v. 延伸；扩展 extension n. 扩建；延伸 核心考点 （1）to some extent 在某种程度上 （2）to a large extent 在很大程度上 （3）the extent of ……的程度/范围 中英例句 To some extent, his success is due to his hard work. 在某种程度上，他的成功归功于他的努力。 练习 24. To a large extent, the development of a country depends on ______(it) education level. 25. reward 单词变形 过去式/过去分词：rewarded 现在分词：rewarding 派生词：rewarding adj. 有回报的；值得的 核心考点 （1）reward sb for (doing) sth 因某事奖励某人 （2）reward sb with sth 用某物奖励某人 （3）in reward for 作为……的回报 中英例句 The teacher rewarded her with a prize for her excellent performance.老师因她的出色表现奖励了她一个奖品。 练习 25.He was rewarded ______ a lot of money for helping the police catch the criminal. 26. seek 单词变形 过去式/过去分词：sought 现在分词：seeking 核心考点 （1）seek to do sth 试图；设法做某事 （2）seek sth 寻求；谋求某物 （3）seek for help 寻求帮助 中英例句 He went to the bank to seek a loan to start his business. 他去银行寻求贷款来创办自己的企业。 练习 26.Many young people seek ______(achieve) their dreams through hard work. 27. owe 单词变形 过去式/过去分词：owed 现在分词：owing 核心考点 （1）owe sb money 欠某人钱 （2）owe sth to sb 把……归功于某人 （3）owe it to sb to do sth 理应帮某人做某事 中英例句 He owes the bank a lot of money and can’t pay it back on time. 他欠银行很多钱，无法按时偿还。 练习 27.He owes his success ______ his parents’ support and his own efforts. 28. wander 单词变形 过去式/过去分词：wandered 现在分词：wandering 核心考点 （1）wander around 徘徊；四处闲逛 （2）wander from 偏离；离题 中英例句 The police spotted a stranger wandering around the bank entrance.警察发现一个陌生人在银行门口徘徊。 练习 28.The old man wandered ______(aim) around the street, looking for his lost dog. 二、单元核心重点短语 1. take out a loan 取得贷款 核心搭配 （1）take out a loan from… 从……办理贷款 中英例句 He took out a loan from the bank to buy a new house. 他从银行贷款买了一套新房子。 练习 29. He had to take out a loan ______ (cover) his son’s tuition fees. 2. make a bet 打赌 核心搭配 （1）make a bet with sb 与某人打赌 （2）make a bet on sth 就某事打赌 教材原句 We’ve made a bet.我们打了一个赌。 中英例句 They made a bet with each other on who would finish the work first. 他们就谁先完成工作互相打了个赌。 练习 30. He made a bet ______ his friend that he could pass the exam easily. 3. sort out 挑出；整理；解决 核心搭配 （1）sort out sth 整理；挑出某物 （2）sort out a problem 解决问题 中英例句 She spent an hour sorting out the useful documents from the old ones. 她花了一个小时从旧文件中挑出有用的文件。 练习 31.We need to sort ______ the differences before we start the cooperation. 4. on the basis of 根据；在……基础上 核心搭配 （1）on the basis of sth 依据某事 中英例句 The decision was made on the basis of careful research and discussion. 这个决定是在仔细研究和讨论的基础上做出的。 练习 32.Teachers evaluate students’ performance on the basis ______ their daily efforts. 5. without hesitation 毫不犹豫 核心搭配 （1）do sth without hesitation 毫不犹豫做某事 中英例句 She agreed to help the poor man without hesitation. 她毫不犹豫地答应帮助那个穷人。 练习 33. He rushed to the scene without ______ (hesitate) when he heard the cry for help. 6. in reward for 作为……的回报/奖励 核心搭配 （1）in reward for (doing) sth 作为做某事的奖励 中英例句 The company gave him a bonus in reward for his excellent work. 公司给他发了奖金作为他出色工作的奖励。 练习 34.The king gave him a gold medal in reward ______ saving the princess. 7. on the scene 在现场；到场 核心搭配 （1）arrive on the scene 到达现场 （2）be on the scene 在场 中英例句 The first police officer arrived on the scene five minutes after the accident. 事故发生五分钟后，第一名警察到达了现场。 练习 35.By the time the doctor arrived on the scene, the patient ______ (send) to the hospital. 8. have an obligation to do sth 有义务做某事 核心搭配 （1）have an obligation to do sth 有义务做某事 中英例句 Every citizen has an obligation to protect our motherland. 每个公民都有义务保护我们的祖国。 练习 36.We have an obligation ______ (protect) the environment and save energy. 参考答案 1. running 2. (to) say 3.accepting 4.to 5.Judging 6. on 7. in 8.permission 9.to take 10.to hurt 11.pursuit 12.will rain 13.to 14.communication 15.loaning 16.which 17.were putting 18.expressive 19.would pass 20.had served 21.flowers 22.patiently 23.to obey 24.its 25.with 26.to achieve 27.to 28.aimlessly 29.to cover 30.with 31.out 32.of 33.hesitation 34.for 35.had been sent 36.to protect 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $