精品解析：北京市海淀区中国人民大学2025-2026学年度第二学期高二年级期中练习英语试题

2025-2026学年度第二学期高二年级期中练习 英语 2026年4月23日 说明：本试卷共8页，共100分；考试时间90分钟；请在答题卡上填写个人信息，并将条形码贴在答题卡的相应位置上。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分：知识运用 (共三节，41分) 第一节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Back in July 2024, my doctor said I was suffering from an anxiety disorder. But she didn’t seem very ___1___, nor did I. I left with a sense of ___2___ at having the mystery of my mental health revealed, without the need for a cure. For the next nine months, I struggled with my job and stayed in a condition that left me an anxious mess. I couldn’t sleep or eat. The anxiety that ruled my life meant I couldn’t ___3___. I felt alone in my pain. By March 2025, my family decided to take me away from London for a week of fishing in Scotland. For years, they had dragged me along on fishing trips until I was old enough to ___4___. Fishing always felt like failure to me because I just didn’t make it. I wanted to stay inside, reading a book or watching TV, rather than out in the cold and wet. But this time was ___5___. I found myself in the gentle rhythm of ___6___ the line and watching the fly move through the air. There were ___7___ through the forest to different pools, a cup of coffee here and there, and breaking for lunch with my family to enjoy a good time. I was with my family, hoping the days would last longer. On the final morning, I caught my first fish. I found myself close to tears. Catching that fish made me realize I had ___8___ over the way I felt. I have something now that gives me hope when life is at its ___9___ time. That small shining fish represented all of this. I still go fishing to this day. I also read, write, run, cook, swim, talk and laugh-but fishing is the thing that absorbs me most completely. It quiets the chaos around me, letting me connect with nature’s rhythm. In my search for _____10_____, fishing is my perfect partner. 1. A. pleased B. frightened C. surprised D. worried 2. A. relief B. concern C. freedom D. comfort 3. A. take off B. give in C. break down D. switch off 4. A. volunteer B. refuse C. stop D. judge 5. A. different B. effective C. important D. challenging 6. A. drawing B. managing C. checking D. casting 7. A. paths B. walks C. risks D. experiences 8. A. power B. hope C. control D. confidence 9. A. happiest B. toughest C. earliest D. best 10. A. life B. balance C. peace D. joy 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者患焦虑症后艰难挣扎，后来家人带他去钓鱼，在钓鱼的过程中，大自然疗愈了他的焦虑，此后，钓鱼成了他的心灵寄托。 【1题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但她似乎并不是很担心，我也不担心。A. pleased开心的；满意的；B. frightened害怕的，惊恐的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. worried焦急的，担忧的。根据上文“But”及下文“without the need for a cure.”可知，作者被诊断焦虑症，觉得没必要治疗，因此医生应该觉得没什么，不用担心。 【2题详解】 考查名词。句意：我带着一种轻松的感觉离开了，因为我的心理健康之谜被揭开了，而不需要治疗。A. relief轻松，欣慰；B. concern关心，担心；C. freedom自由；D. comfort安慰；舒适。根据下文“having the mystery of my mental health revealed, without the need for a cure”可知，作者觉得并不需要治疗，所以应该是感觉轻松的。 【3题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：焦虑支配着我的生活，这意味着我不能再忽视。A. take off脱下；起飞；B. give in屈服；C. break down分解；出故障；D. switch off不再注意，无视。根据上文“stayed in a condition that left me an anxious mess. I couldn’t sleep or eat. The anxiety that ruled my life”及下文“I felt alone in my pain.”可知，刚开始作者没担心自己的病，后来已经无法正常生活工作，所以这意味着作者不能再对自己的病症无视了。 【4题详解】 考查动词。句意：多年来，他们一直拖着我一起去钓鱼，直到我长大到可以拒绝为止。A. volunteer自愿做；B. refuse拒绝；C. stop停止；阻止；D. judge评判；判断。根据上文“For years, they had dragged me along on fishing trips”可知，作者小时候不愿去钓鱼，是家里人拖着作者去的，不能拒绝，后来年龄大了作者才可以拒绝家人。 【5题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但这一次不同了。A. different不同的；B. effective有效的；C. important重要的；D. challenging困难的；有挑战性的。根据上文“Fishing always felt like failure to me because I just didn’t make it. I wanted to stay inside, reading a book or watching TV, rather than out in the cold and wet.”以及空前的“But”和下文的描述可知，作者以前不喜欢也不擅长钓鱼，转折后应该是这次家人带他去钓鱼的体验是不同于过去的。 【6题详解】 考查动词。句意：我发现自己沉浸在抛线的轻柔节奏中，看着苍蝇在空中移动。A. drawing画画；拉拽；B. managing经营；设法；C. checking检查，核对；D. casting投射；扔，掷。根据空后“the line”可知，作者这一次钓鱼以前不一样，很享受钓鱼，空后宾语the line指鱼线，故此处指抛出鱼线。 【7题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们穿过森林，漫步到不同的池塘，到处喝杯咖啡，和家人一起吃午饭，享受美好的时光。A. paths道路；B. walks散步；C. risks风险；D. experiences经历。根据下文“through the forest to different pools, a cup of coffee here and there, and breaking for lunch with my family”可知，作者在列举钓鱼时候的一些其他休闲活动，从森林到不同的池塘应该是散步。 【8题详解】 考查名词。句意：钓到那条鱼让我意识到我可以控制自己的感受。A. power力量；权利；B. hope希望；C. control控制；D. confidence信心。根据第二段“For the next nine months, I struggled with my job and stayed in a condition that left me an anxious mess. I couldn’t sleep or eat. The anxiety that ruled my life meant”以及下文“I have something now that gives me hope”可知，在此次来钓鱼之前，焦虑控制了作者的生活，此处应该指作者此次和家人钓鱼感受很美好并成功钓到了一条鱼，他觉得自己可以掌控自己的心情，生活有了希望。此处control呼应上文的ruled。 【9题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在生活最艰难的时候，我有了一些东西给我希望。A. happiest最快乐的；B. toughest最艰难的；C. earliest最早的；D. best最好的。根据第二段“For the next nine months, I struggled with my job and stayed in a condition that left me an anxious mess. I couldn’t sleep or eat. The anxiety that ruled my life meant”可知，在此次来钓鱼之前，焦虑控制了作者的生活，故此处描述的是来钓鱼之前的艰难状况。 【10题详解】 考查名词。句意：在我寻求平静的过程中，钓鱼是我的最佳伙伴。A. life生活；生命；B. balance平衡；C. peace和平，安宁；D. joy快乐。根据上文“It quiets the chaos around me”可知，作者认为钓鱼能使自己心情平静，作者以前焦虑，想要追求心灵的平静时，钓鱼给了他希望，故此处peace呼应quiets。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The Garden of World’s Flowers, a top scenic spot, ____11____ (locate) in Fengtai District. It boasts seven themed greenhouses displaying over 2,000 tropical, subtropical and desert plant species. Inside the garden stands the Earth Academy, a popular nature education hub featuring cute animals, and interactive science programs ____12____ (intend) for visitors of all ages. Visitors can enjoy close-up animal encounters and hands-on ecology learning. The garden also offers seasonal flowers and potted plants for purchase. ____13____ (blend) botanical appreciation, wildlife interaction, popular science and leisure, it is an ideal year-round destination for families and nature lovers. 【答案】11. is located 12. intended 13. Blending 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界花卉大观园这一顶级风景区的信息。 【11题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：世界花卉大观园是一处顶级风景区，位于丰台区。此处作谓语动词，主语为The Garden of World’s Flowers，为单数，与locate之间为被动关系，且此处陈述客观事实，故应用一般现在时的被动is located。 【12题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：园中坐落着地球学院——一个备受欢迎的自然教育中心，设有可爱的动物以及面向各年龄段游客的互动科学节目。此处作后置定语，修饰名词programs，programs与intend之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词形式intended作后置定语。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这里融合了植物鉴赏、野生动物互动、科普与休闲，是家庭和自然爱好者全年皆宜的理想目的地。此处在句中作状语，主语it指代“世界花卉大观园”，与blend之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词blending作状语。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Yuan Mei once ____14____ (write) a poem entitled Moss (苔). It carries a clear and simple message. ____15____ it is tiny, and has poor conditions for growth, moss is able to thrive just like the peony. In the modern world, more and more individuals from rural areas are flooding into cities ____16____ (find) success. With this wave of urbanization, competition for jobs, relationships and just about everything else is fierce. Ordinary people lacking connections, a desirable appearance or other desired qualities can often feel frustrated with their circumstances. The poem reminds us that we don’t have to be the peony. 【答案】14. wrote 15. Although##Though##While 16. to find 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了袁枚的诗《苔》所传达的信息，以及在现代社会中该诗给人们的启示。 【14题详解】 考查时态。句意：袁枚曾写过一首题为《苔》的诗。设空处为谓语，根据“once”可知，此处使用一般过去时。 【15题详解】 考查连词。句意：虽然苔藓很小，生长条件也很差，但它能像牡丹一样茁壮成长。根据句意可知，前后句之间为转折让步关系，所以用although/though/while引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在现代社会，越来越多的农村人口涌入城市寻找成功。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词“are flooding”，空处需填非谓语动词，结合语境可知，此处表示目的，需用动词不定式。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Since bird flu first appeared in 1997, it ____17____ (take) more than a hundred lives. Many people fear it could be the next global epidemic especially as scientists ____18____ have gone into detail studying tissue samples from the bodies of people who died of the 1918 Spanish flu have proved that bird flu is a modern ____19____ (adapt) of that virus. One of the earliest epidemics on record happened between about 500 and 550 CE. Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area’s population died from the epidemic. Then ____20____ the 1330s, this epidemic returned this time in Asia, it spread rapidly to Europe and became known as the black death. 【答案】17. has taken 18. who##that 19. adaptation 20. in 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了禽流感的传播和变异。 【17题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：自从1997年禽流感首次出现以来，它已经夺走了上百条生命。此处在主句中作谓语动词，主语为it，为单数，与take之间为主动关系，且根据时间状语“Since bird flu first appeared in 1997”可知，此处应使用现在完成时has taken。 【18题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：许多人担心它可能成为下一次全球流行病，尤其是因为那些详细研究1918年西班牙流感死者组织样本的科学家已经证明，禽流感是那种病毒的现代变种。此处引导定语从句，先行词是scientists，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，因此用who或that引导定语从句。 【19题详解】 考查词名词。句意：禽流感是那种病毒的现代变种。此处在句中作表语，且被形容词modern修饰，adapt的名词形式“adaptation适应、改编、变种”符合，且空前有冠词a，故应用名词的单数形式。 【20题详解】 考查介词。句意：然后，在14世纪30年代，这种流行病再次出现，这次在亚洲，很快就传到了欧洲，并成为了著名的“黑死病”。此处意为“在14世纪30年代”，表示在某世纪某年代，应用介词in。 第三节 (共11小题；每小题1分，共11分) 根据提示，从选项中选择合适的单词，并使用这个单词的恰当形式补全句子。 rely employ intelligence mystery register identity wander comfort 21. It is important to ________ your own strengths and weaknesses in study. 22. The ________ student can solve difficult problems in a short time. 23. A ________ friend is someone who always helps you when you are in trouble. 24. The government has taken measures to promote ________ and reduce poverty. 25. Online ________ is required before you take part in the competition. 26. A ________ house in the town of Maycomb has interested many local children. 【答案】21. identify 22. intelligent 23. reliable 24. employment 25. registration 26. mysterious 【解析】 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：在学习中认清自己的长处和短处是很重要的。根据句意，identify“认清，识别出”符合题意，It is important to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事是重要的”，to为不定式符号，其后接动词原形。 【22题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这个聪明的学生能在短时间内解决难题。根据句意可知，此处指“聪明的”，intelligence的形容词形式intelligent符合题意，作定语修饰名词student。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：可靠的朋友是在你遇到困难时总是帮助你的人。根据句意，此处指“可靠的”，rely的形容词形式reliable符合题意，作定语修饰名词friend。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：政府已采取措施促进就业和减少贫困。根据句意此处指“就业”，employ的名词形式employment符合题意，作动词promote的宾语。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：参加比赛前需要在线注册。根据句意，此处指“注册”，register的名词形式registration“注册”符合题意，作主语。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：梅科姆镇上一座神秘的房子引起了许多当地孩子的兴趣。根据句意可知，此处指“神秘的”，mystery的形容词形式mysterious符合题意，作定语修饰名词house。 根据提示，从选项中选择合适的单词，并使用这个单词的恰当形式补全句子。 likely blank violent compare official polish 27. We should say no to ________ and build a peaceful and safe community. 28. There is a high ________ that you will succeed with continuous efforts. 29. After many practices, she gave a very ________ speech before the whole class. 30. In ________ with last term, I have made obvious progress in English. 31. The new plan will be ________ put into use at the beginning of next term. 【答案】27. violence 28. likelihood 29. polished 30. comparison 31. officially 【解析】 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们应该对暴力说不，建设一个和平安全的社区。空处应填名词作宾语，结合句意“暴力”可知应填violence，不可数名词。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：通过不断的努力，你很有可能成功。空处应填名词作主语，结合句意“可能”可知应填likelihood，a high likelihood表示“很有可能”。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：经过多次练习，她在全班同学面前做了一次非常精彩的演讲。修饰后文名词speech应用形容词，结合句意“精彩的”可知应填polished，表示“完美的，精彩的”。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：与上学期相比，我在英语方面取得了明显的进步。结合句意表示“与……相比”可知短语为in comparison with。 【31题详解】 考查副词。句意：新计划将于下学期初正式投入使用。修饰后文动词短语put into use应用副词，结合句意“正式地”可知应填officially。 第二部分：阅读理解 (共两节，32分) 第一节 (共11小题；每小题2分，共22分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡土将该项涂黑。 A I had been considering giving up. For the past eight years, I’ve met with prospective first-year students as a volunteer interviewer for my alma mater (母校). The reports I submit after the interviews become part of their admissions file. But acceptance rate of my university is low and each time I see the word “Denied” next to one of my interviewees’ names at the end of an admissions cycle, I feel a little more heartbroken. Don’t get me wrong. I’ve gotten to know loads of inspiring kids, and a handful of them were offered a spot. After a cycle in which none of my interviewees was green-lighted, though, I started to wonder: In expressing my enthusiasm for my university in interviews, was I doing them a favor or setting them up for disappointment? Was it fair of me to share an inside look into my university when most won’t have access to it? Then, out of the blue, I received a text from one of “my” admits, Layla. She thanked me for getting her into my university. I was touched, but I mentally dismissed the validity (合理性) of what seemed to be a misguided assumption of how the admissions process works. We met for coffee a few months later, and she delighted me with a detailed discussion of her classes, her professors, her research, and her friends. Her eyes were bright, her excitement visible. She told me she had submitted a request to spend 20 minutes with her admissions file. I couldn’t understand why she wanted to take the time to look. Couldn’t she just enjoy her time as an admitted student without being distracted by disturbing questions of whether she belonged? As it turns out, Layla learned that the admissions officer who first read her file was on the fence about her but then decided to put her application through for another read because of what I’d written in my interview report. My voice had made a difference. Layla found the relief she’d been looking for: Why was she here? Did she really matter to this incredible community? Seeing her put her worries to rest helped me do the same with my own. Maybe sometimes we all need to hear that we matter. 32. What made the author consider giving up the volunteer work? A. Getting tired of writing interview reports. B. Failing to help some of the promising kids. C. Disappointment with interviewees’ abilities. D. Inability to stimulate interviewees’ enthusiasm. 33. Initially, the author viewed Layla’s thank-you text as ________. A. a relief B. a distraction C. a reward D. a misunderstanding 34. Why did Layla request to review her admissions file? A. To ease her worries about future. B. To clarify the author’s confusion. C. To confirm she deserved the admission. D. To prove the author’s report played a role. 35. What can we learn from this passage? A. Each soul needs a witness. B. Every cloud has a silver lining. C. What goes around comes around. D. What matters always voices itself. 【答案】32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者八年担任母校志愿面试官，因不少优秀申请者落选心生放弃念头，后来收到被录取学生莱拉的感谢，最终知晓自己的面试报告起到关键作用，明白每个人都需要被肯定、被看见的暖心故事。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“But acceptance rate of my university is low and each time I see the word “Denied” next to one of my interviewees’ names at the end of an admissions cycle, I feel a little more heartbroken. (但我所在大学的录取率很低，每当在招生周期结束时，看到我的面试者名字旁边写着“被拒”时，我都会感到更加心碎。)”以及第二段“I’ve gotten to know loads of inspiring kids, and a handful of them were offered a spot. After a cycle in which none of my interviewees was green-lighted, though, I started to wonder: In expressing my enthusiasm for my university in interviews, was I doing them a favor or setting them up for disappointment? (我确实结识了不少鼓舞人心的孩子，其中有几位获得了录取资格。然而，在一个周期里，没有一个面试者被录取，我开始怀疑：在面试中表达我对大学的热情，我是在帮他们还是让他们失望？)”可知，作者多次看到有潜力的面试者被拒，感到沮丧和心碎，开始怀疑自己的工作是否有意义，因此考虑放弃志愿工作。故选B项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“She thanked me for getting her into my university. I was touched, but I mentally dismissed the validity (合理性) of what seemed to be a misguided assumption of how the admissions process works. (她感谢我让她进入了我的大学。我很感动，但我在心里否定了这种看似对录取过程有误解的假设的合理性。)”可知，作者最初认为Layla的感谢信息是对录取过程的一种误解，因为作者知道录取过程复杂，不是一个人能决定的。故选D项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“She told me she had submitted a request to spend 20 minutes with her admissions file. I couldn’t understand why she wanted to take the time to look. Couldn’t she just enjoy her time as an admitted student without being distracted by disturbing questions of whether she belonged? (她告诉我，她已经提交了申请，要求花20分钟查看她的录取档案。我不明白她为什么要花时间去看。她就不能享受作为被录取学生的时光，而不被是否属于这里这种令人不安的问题所干扰吗？)”以及第五段“As it turns out, Layla learned that the admissions officer who first read her file was on the fence about her but then decided to put her application through for another read because of what I’d written in my interview report. My voice had made a difference. (事实证明，Layla得知，最初阅读她档案的招生官对她持保留态度，但后来决定因为我在面试报告中写的内容，再给她一次机会。我的意见起到了作用。)”可知，Layla查看录取档案是为了确认自己是否真的值得被录取，以及了解录取过程中的具体细节，尤其是作者在面试报告中所起的作用。故选C项。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Seeing her put her worries to rest helped me do the same with my own. Maybe sometimes we all need to hear that we matter. (看到她放下顾虑，也帮助我放下了自己的顾虑。也许有时候我们都需要听到自己被重视的声音。)”可知，文章通过作者和Layla的经历，传达了“每个人的存在都有意义，有时候我们都需要听到自己被重视的声音”这一主题。A项“Each soul needs a witness. (每个灵魂都需要一个见证者。)”符合文章主旨，意思是每个人的存在和价值都需要被认可和见证。故选A项。 B Evan Selinger, professor in RIT’s Department of Philosophy, has taken an interest in the ethics (伦理标准) of AI and the policy gaps that need to be filled in. Through a humanities viewpoint, Selinger asks the questions, “How can AI cause harm, and what can governments and companies creating AI programs do to address and manage it?” Answering them, he explained, requires an interdisciplinary approach. “AI ethics go beyond technical fixes. Philosophers and other humanities experts are uniquely skilled to address the nuanced (微妙的) principles, value conflicts, and power dynamics. These skills aren’t just crucial for addressing current issues. We desperately need them to promote anticipatory (先行的) governance,” said Selinger. One example that illustrates how philosophy and humanities experts can help guide these new, rapidly growing technologies is Selinger’s work collaborating with a special AI project. “One of the skills I bring to the table is identifying core ethical issues in emerging technologies that haven’t been built or used by the public. We can take preventative steps to limit risk, including changing how the technology is designed.” said Selinger. Taking these preventative steps and regularly reassessing what risks need addressing is part of the ongoing journey in pursuit of creating responsible AI. Selinger explains that there isn’t a step-by-step approach for good governance. “AI ethics have core values and principles, but there’s endless disagreement about interpreting and applying them and creating meaningful accountability mechanisms,” said Selinger. “Some people are rightly worried that AI can become integrated into ‘ethics washing’ — weak checklists, flowery mission statements, and empty rhetoric that covers over abuses of power. Fortunately, I’ve had great conversations about this issue, including with some experts, on why it is important to consider a range of positions.” Some of Selinger’s recent research has focused on the back-end issues with developing AI, such as the human impact that comes with testing AI chatbots before they’re released to the public. Other issues focus on policy, such as what to do about the dangers posed by facial recognition and other automated surveillance (监视) approaches. Selinger is making sure his students are informed about the ongoing industry conversations on AI ethics and responsible AI. “Students are going to be future tech leaders. Now is the time to help them think about what goals their companies should have and the costs of minimizing ethical concerns. Beyond social costs, downplaying ethics can negatively impact corporate culture and hiring,” said Selinger. “To attract top talent, you need to consider whether your company matches their interests and hopes for the future.” 36. Selinger advocates an interdisciplinary approach because . A. it can avoid social conflicts and pressing issues B. AI ethics heavily depends on technological solutions C. it demonstrates the power of anticipatory governance D. humanities experts possess skills essential for AI ethics 37. To promote responsible AI, Selinger believes we should . A. adopt a systematic approach B. apply innovative technologies C. anticipate ethical risks beforehand D. establish accountability mechanisms 38. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. More companies will use AI to attract top talent. B. Understanding AI ethics will help students in the future. C. Selinger favors companies that match his students’ values. D. Selinger is likely to focus on back-end issues such as policy. 【答案】36. D 37. C 38. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要说明了RIT哲学系教授Evan Selinger对于对人工智能的伦理的一些看法和建议。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中Selinger的话“AI ethics go beyond technical fixes. Philosophers and other humanities experts are uniquely skilled to address the nuanced (微妙的) principles, value conflicts, and power dynamics. These skills aren’t just crucial for addressing current issues. We desperately need them to promote anticipatory (先行的) governance (人工智能伦理问题并非仅靠技术手段就能解决。哲学家及其他人文学科专家拥有独特的技能，能够处理微妙的准则、价值冲突和权力动态。这些技能不仅对于解决当前问题至关重要，我们更迫切地需要它们来推动前瞻性治理)”可知，Selinger倡导跨学科方法是因为哲学家和其他人文学科专家拥有处理AI伦理问题所必需的独特技能。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中Selinger的话“One of the skills I bring to the table is identifying core ethical issues in emerging technologies that haven’t been built or used by the public. We can take preventative steps to limit risk, including changing how the technology is designed. (我能提供的一项技能是识别新兴技术中尚未被公众构建或使用的核心伦理问题。我们可以采取预防措施来限制风险，包括改变技术的设计方式)”以及第五段中“Taking these preventative steps and regularly reassessing what risks need addressing is part of the ongoing journey in pursuit of creating responsible AI. (采取这些预防措施并定期重新评估需要应对的风险，是追求创造负责任的AI的持续过程的一部分)”可知，为了促进负责任的AI，Selinger认为我们应该预先预测伦理风险。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““Students are going to be future tech leaders. Now is the time to help them think about what goals their companies should have and the costs of minimizing ethical concerns. Beyond social costs, downplaying ethics can negatively impact corporate culture and hiring,” said Selinger. “To attract top talent, you need to consider whether your company matches their interests and hopes for the future.”(Selinger说道：“学生们将成为未来的科技领袖。现在是时候帮助他们思考他们的公司应该有什么样的目标，以及最小化道德问题的成本。除了社会成本之外，轻视道德还会对企业文化和招聘产生负面影响。为了吸引顶尖人才，你需要考虑你的公司是否符合他们的兴趣和对未来的希望。”)”可推知，理解人工智能伦理对学生未来有帮助。 C Arguably, the biggest science development of the year to date has been the images of the very depths of the universe taken by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Those images beg a comparison between the external and internal universes that science is bent on observing and understanding. Decades ago, astrophysicist Carl Sagan famously said, “The universe is also within. We’re made of star-stuff. We are a way for the universe to know itself. ” He was commenting then on the reality that our internal universe was as complex and as fantastic as the outer space. There are many similarities between the progress we’ve made in understanding the universe and in piecing together life’s inner workings. Like the technological developments that took us from Galileo’s telescope to the Hubble to the JWST, life science tools have also improved rapidly. From early light microscopes to modern super-resolution ones, these developments have afforded researchers a deep look into biology’s infinitesimal (无限小的) landscape. Learning that living things were composed of cells was, not a terribly long time ago, a revolutionary observation. Since then, scientists have been able to dive ever deeper into the components of life. Going beyond merely observing the complicated makeup of organisms, life scientists can now discover the workings of molecules (分子). And that is where scanning the universe differs from peering into biology. Understanding the universe, especially from a functional standpoint, is not necessarily an immediate urgency. Understanding biology on that level is. Simply observing the amazing internal structure of cells is not enough. Biologists must also characterize how all those parts interact and change in different environments and when faced with various challenges. Being able to image a virus or bacterium is nice at the level of basic science. But knowing how viruses gain entry into cells and spread, infect, and disable can literally save lives. Through time, biology has risen to this mechanistic challenge. Not only can life science tools produce images of cell components, even more importantly, they can help predict the effects of drugs on receptors, of immune cells on foreign invaders (入侵者), and of genetic perturbations (基因干扰) on development and aging. This is not to belittle the work of scientists researching into universe. They should rightly be praised for delivering views of impossibly distant, impossibly massive phenomena. My aim is to celebrate these accomplishments while at the same time recognizing that science’s inward search for detail and insight is equally impressive and, in my view, more urgent. The output of both the outward and inward explorations should stimulate wonder in everyone. After all, it’s all star-stuff. 39. Why does the author quote Carl Sagan’s comment in Paragraph 2? A. To introduce the background. B. To prove an assumption. C. To make a comparison. D. To present an idea. 40. Like the study of the universe, life science has been advancing in ________. A. study approaches B. system management C. research facilities D. technology integration 41. We can infer from Paragraph 4 that biologists’ work is ________. A. practical B. risky C. flexible D. popular 42. As for life science, which would the author agree with? A. It has received universal recognition. B. It should enjoy priority in development. C. It can be applied in the majority of areas. D. It is more complicated than space science. 【答案】39. D 40. C 41. A 42. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述生命科学像宇宙一样复杂，随着生命科学工具的迅速改进，科学家们就能够更深入地研究生命的组成部分并且取得很大的成就，并且作者认为应优先发展生命科学。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Decades ago, astrophysicist Carl Sagan famously said, “The universe is also within is. We’re made of star-stuff. We are a way for the universe to know itself. ” He was commenting then on the reality that our internal universe was as complex and as fantastic as the outer space. (几十年前，天体物理学家卡尔·萨根说过一句名言：“宇宙也在身体之内。”我们是由恒星组成的。我们是宇宙认识自己的一种方式。他当时的评论是，我们的内部宇宙和外太空一样复杂、一样奇妙。)”可知他提出我们的身体像宇宙一样复杂和奇妙，这是一个想法，故选D。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Like the technological developments that took us from Galileo’s telescope to the Hubble to the JWST, life science tools have also improved rapidly. From early light microscopes to modern super-resolution ones, these developments have afforded researchers a deep look into biology’s infinitesimal (无限小的) landscape. (就像从伽利略望远镜到哈勃望远镜再到JWST的技术发展一样，生命科学工具也在迅速改进。从早期的光学显微镜到现代的超分辨率显微镜，这些发展使研究人员能够深入观察生物学的微小景观。)”可知就像对宇宙的研究一样，生命科学的研究设施也在不断发展，故选C。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Biologists must also characterize how all those parts interact and change in different environments and when faced with various challenges. Being able to image a virus or bacterium is nice at the level of basic science. But knowing how viruses gain entry into cells and spread, infect, and disable can literally save lives. Through time, biology has risen to this mechanistic challenge. Not only can life science tools produce images of cell components, even more importantly, they can help predict the effects of drugs on receptors, of immune cells on foreign invaders (入侵者), and of genetic perturbations (基因干扰) on development and aging. (生物学家还必须描述所有这些部分在不同环境和面临各种挑战时是如何相互作用和变化的。能够对病毒或细菌进行成像在基础科学层面上是很好的。但了解病毒如何进入细胞并传播、感染和致残确实可以挽救生命。随着时间的推移，生物学已经上升到这个机械的挑战。生命科学工具不仅可以生成细胞成分的图像，更重要的是，它们可以帮助预测药物对受体的影响，免疫细胞对外来入侵者的影响，以及基因扰动对发育和衰老的影响。)”可推测生物学家的工作是很实用的，故选A。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“My aim is to celebrate these accomplishments while at the same time recognizing that science’s inward search for detail and insight is equally impressive and, in my view, more urgent. (我的目的是庆祝这些成就，同时认识到科学对细节和洞察力的内在探索同样令人印象深刻，在我看来，更加紧迫。)”可知作者认为生命科学要优先发展，故选B。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When was the last time you looked at something or felt something and said, “Wow”? Recent studies found that a lot of people are in emotional distress. So how can you rediscover the joys in your day-to-day life and recapture that sense of childhood wonder? Here’s how you can find them. ____43____ Throughout the day, stop what you are doing to listen to music, play with a toy or doodle on a piece of paper. Stretching your brain in different ways and daydreaming can stimulate your imagination. Get creative. Whether it is playing a musical instrument, sketching, painting, modeling with clay, dancing, or writing in a journal, creative pursuits are a great place to find joy. ____44____ Turn off your phone and enjoy the silence. Technology can be a good thing and provide us with many opportunities, but it can also numb (使迟钝) us to the wows around us and be an ongoing distraction. Turn your phone off for one hour, a whole day or even an entire weekend. You could also try turning off the television, music or radio for a few minutes to give yourself some total silence. ____45____ Listen. Really listen. When was the last time you remembered everything someone said to you? ____46____ Having a new-found curiosity and consideration for the other person might lead you to some surprising discoveries and take you outside of yourself. Get out of your comfort zone. Finding opportunities where you can push yourself out of your comfort zone will also give you a better chance of finding a wow experience. ____47____ Even attempting a 5k when you are not quite ready for a marathon can really help. A. Take a play break. B. Change your routine. C. This doesn’t have to mean a big, life-changing activity. D. This can help take you back to a childlike state, in a world of wonder. E. When talking to other people, try to be present with whoever you are with. F. Take a minute to notice and really pay attention to where you are, what you’re doing and what’s going on around you. G. What’s more, when you find flow in a creative activity, you might find inspiration for other areas of your life. 【答案】43. A 44. G 45. F 46. E 47. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了缓解情绪困扰，找回生活中的快乐的几种方法。 【43题详解】 空处为小标题。根据后文“Throughout the day, stop what you are doing to listen to music, play with a toy or doodle on a piece of paper. Stretching your brain in different ways and daydreaming can stimulate your imagination.(一整天，停下手头的工作，听听音乐，玩玩玩具或在纸上涂鸦。用不同的方式伸展你的大脑，做白日梦可以激发你的想象力)”可知，本段建议要注意休息；A选项“通过玩乐来休息”符合本段主旨。故选A项。 【44题详解】 本段小标题为“变得有创造力”，前文“Whether it is playing a musical instrument, sketching, painting, modeling with clay, dancing, or writing in a journal, creative pursuits are a great place to find joy.(无论是演奏乐器，素描，绘画，用粘土做模型，跳舞，还是写日记，创造性的追求都是找到快乐的好地方)”表明创造力是一种好方法；G选项“更重要的是，当你在创造性活动中发现心流时，你可能会在生活的其他领域找到灵感”同样表明创造力的重要性。故选G项。 【45题详解】 前文“Turn your phone off for one hour, a whole day or even an entire weekend. You could also try turning off the television, music or radio for a few minutes to give yourself some total silence.(关掉手机一个小时，一天，甚至整个周末。你也可以试着关掉电视、音乐或收音机几分钟，让自己完全安静下来)”表明要远离电子设备；F选项“花一分钟的时间去注意你在哪里，你在做什么，你周围发生了什么”表明关掉电子设备后，应将注意力集中在自己身上，符合语境。故选F项。 【46题详解】 前文“Listen. Really listen. When was the last time you remembered everything someone said to you?(聆听。真的聆听。你上一次记得别人对你说的话是什么时候)”表示应与其它人互动，E选项“当和别人交谈时，试着和你在一起的人在一起”告诉我们如何与别人互动。故选E项。 【47题详解】 本段小标题为“走出你的舒适区”，后文“Even attempting a 5k when you are not quite ready for a marathon can really help.(即使是在你还没准备好参加马拉松的时候尝试5公里也会有帮助)”表示小的行为也会有帮助；C选项“这并不一定意味着一个重大的，改变生活的活动”引出下文，符合语境。故选C项。 第三部分：书面表达 (共两节，27分) 第一节 (共4小题；第48、49小题各2分，第50小题3分，第51小题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 My dad is a crossword-lover. When I was a little girl, Dad would read his crossword puzzles to me from a magazine. I can still remember how he turned his pencil excitedly as he discovered a new phrase. If my attention weakened, he would say, “Feeling sleepy? Never mind, I’ll keep reading. Some of the words may crawl into your mind.” Bit by bit, Dad introduced me to the power of words and guided my life’s calling, a purpose I never questioned or bothered to pursue. Years passing, I grew into a professional writer. I found that he never asked me to suggest a word or help him with a puzzle when I was working. For him, my words were precious; each held value. But it did not matter much to me how much I got paid for writing. I wrote because I loved word-craft and making up stories that brought ideas to life. Recently when an editor surprised me with a lower rate of pay for a piece of essay that they chose to publish online rather than in print, I was kind of hurt! But I comforted myself by looking at the bright side — so many people read the piece and shared joyful emotions and praise on social media. Although some worldly-wise friends told me that I was paid peanuts, I myself felt well rewarded. While I was content, a certain anxiety would secretly emerge: would the thought of earnings cheapen the dignity of my work? Dad’s solution was: “Why not both? Money isn’t everything, but isn’t it good to have enough to help yourself and those close to you? And for your talents and efforts to be valued?” Dad believed not only that more wealth did not mean greater happiness, but also that no effort should be undervalued. Today, when doubts cloud my mind, I think of Dad’s pencil: its purpose may be to solve a crossword puzzle, but it was also there for anyone writing down a life-changing number in a lottery ticket. So couldn’t my words help complete my life purpose and earn a better living too? Now I take up assignments — some that pay well, some that don’t — and they both fill me with joy. 48. Why did the author’s father stop asking her for help with crossword puzzles after she became a writer? _______________________________________________ 49. What made the author feel hurt recently? _______________________________________________ 50. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The author’s father believed that money isn’t everything, so the author should accept no pay for her essay. _______________________________________________ 51. What will you do to keep your passion while making a living as the author did? (about 40 words) _______________________________________________ 【答案】48. For him, his daughter’s words were precious; each held value. 49. Recently when an editor surprised her with a lower rate of pay for a piece of essay that they chose to publish online rather than in print. 50. The author’s father believed that money isn’t everything, so the author should accept no pay for her essay. Dad believed not only that more wealth did not mean greater happiness, but also that no effort should be undervalued. /It is good to have enough to help herself and those close to the author, and for her talents and efforts to be valued. 51. One possible version: I will combine my passion with my career if possible, making it a way to support myself. If not, I will develop my hobby in my spare time to relax and keep my enthusiasm alive, not letting money kill my love. 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了作者从小受父亲影响热爱文字创作，成为作家后面对收入与创作热情的平衡问题，最终领悟到可以兼顾两者，既追求生活目标又获得更好生活。 【48题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“I found that he never asked me to suggest a word or help him with a puzzle when I was working. For him, my words were precious; each held value. (我发现，当我工作时，他从不让我建议一个词或帮他解谜。对他来说，我的词很珍贵；每个都有价值。)”可知，作者的父亲在作者成为作家后不再让她帮忙解填字游戏是因为他认为女儿的词语很珍贵，每个都有价值。 【49题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“Recently when an editor surprised me with a lower rate of pay for a piece of essay that they chose to publish online rather than in print, I was kind of hurt! (最近，一位编辑决定把我的一篇文章改为只在网上发表，并给了我较低的稿费，这让我有些受伤！)”可知，最近让作者感到受伤的是一位编辑以较低的稿费对她选择在网上而不是在印刷品上发表的一篇文章。 【50题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“Dad believed not only that more wealth did not mean greater happiness, but also that no effort should be undervalued. (爸爸不仅相信更多的财富并不意味着更大的幸福，而且相信任何努力都不应该被低估。)”可知，作者的父亲认为钱不是一切，但也认为任何努力都不应该被低估，所以“作者的父亲认为钱不是一切，所以作者不应该为她的文章接受任何报酬”中错误部分为“the author should accept no pay for her essay”。 【51题详解】 考查开放题。文章讲述了作者如何平衡创作热情与生活收入的问题，结合文章最后一段“Now I take up assignments — some that pay well, some that don’t — and they both fill me with joy. (现在我接受任务——有些报酬丰厚，有些报酬不高——但它们都让我充满喜悦。)”可知，作者的做法是接受报酬不同但都能带来喜悦的任务，所以可以回答I will combine my passion with my career if possible, making it a way to support myself. If not, I will develop my hobby in my spare time to relax and keep my enthusiasm alive, not letting money kill my love. 第二节 (15分) 52. 假定你是红星中学高二学生李华，得知国家图书馆正在招募暑期“英语阅读沙龙” (English Reading Salon) 活动的主持人，请写一封英文申请信，内容包括： 1. 个人优势； 2. 流程设想。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Sir/Madame, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir/Madame, I’m Li Hua, a Senior Two student from Hongxing Middle School. I’m writing to apply to be the host of the English Reading Salon in the summer vacation. I’m passionate about English reading and have a good command of spoken English, which allows me to communicate smoothly. Besides, I’ve hosted several English activities at school, gaining rich experience in organizing and guiding interactions. For the salon process, I plan to start with a 5-minute introduction of the recommended book. Then, we’ll have a 20-minute group discussion on key chapters. Finally, I’ll invite 2-3 students to share their thoughts, ending with a brief summary. I would appreciate it if you could give me this opportunity. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】要求考生以高二学生李华的身份，写信申请担任国家图书馆暑期英语阅读沙龙主持人，介绍自身优势并阐述活动流程设想。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 擅长：have a good command of → be expert at 流利地，流畅地：smoothly → fluently 组织：organize → arrange 分享：share → exchange 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Besides, I’ve hosted several English activities at school, gaining rich experience in organizing and guiding interactions. 拓展句：Besides, I’ve hosted several English activities at school, in which I gained rich experience in organizing and guiding interactions. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】I’m passionate about English reading and have a good command of spoken English, which allows me to communicate smoothly. (运用了which 引导非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型 2】I would appreciate it if you could give me this opportunity. (运用if引导的条件状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年度第二学期高二年级期中练习 英语 2026年4月23日 说明：本试卷共8页，共100分；考试时间90分钟；请在答题卡上填写个人信息，并将条形码贴在答题卡的相应位置上。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分：知识运用 (共三节，41分) 第一节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Back in July 2024, my doctor said I was suffering from an anxiety disorder. But she didn’t seem very ___1___, nor did I. I left with a sense of ___2___ at having the mystery of my mental health revealed, without the need for a cure. For the next nine months, I struggled with my job and stayed in a condition that left me an anxious mess. I couldn’t sleep or eat. The anxiety that ruled my life meant I couldn’t ___3___. I felt alone in my pain. By March 2025, my family decided to take me away from London for a week of fishing in Scotland. For years, they had dragged me along on fishing trips until I was old enough to ___4___. Fishing always felt like failure to me because I just didn’t make it. I wanted to stay inside, reading a book or watching TV, rather than out in the cold and wet. But this time was ___5___. I found myself in the gentle rhythm of ___6___ the line and watching the fly move through the air. There were ___7___ through the forest to different pools, a cup of coffee here and there, and breaking for lunch with my family to enjoy a good time. I was with my family, hoping the days would last longer. On the final morning, I caught my first fish. I found myself close to tears. Catching that fish made me realize I had ___8___ over the way I felt. I have something now that gives me hope when life is at its ___9___ time. That small shining fish represented all of this. I still go fishing to this day. I also read, write, run, cook, swim, talk and laugh-but fishing is the thing that absorbs me most completely. It quiets the chaos around me, letting me connect with nature’s rhythm. In my search for _____10_____, fishing is my perfect partner. 1. A. pleased B. frightened C. surprised D. worried 2. A. relief B. concern C. freedom D. comfort 3. A. take off B. give in C. break down D. switch off 4. A. volunteer B. refuse C. stop D. judge 5. A. different B. effective C. important D. challenging 6. A. drawing B. managing C. checking D. casting 7. A. paths B. walks C. risks D. experiences 8. A. power B. hope C. control D. confidence 9. A. happiest B. toughest C. earliest D. best 10. A. life B. balance C. peace D. joy 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The Garden of World’s Flowers, a top scenic spot, ____11____ (locate) in Fengtai District. It boasts seven themed greenhouses displaying over 2,000 tropical, subtropical and desert plant species. Inside the garden stands the Earth Academy, a popular nature education hub featuring cute animals, and interactive science programs ____12____ (intend) for visitors of all ages. Visitors can enjoy close-up animal encounters and hands-on ecology learning. The garden also offers seasonal flowers and potted plants for purchase. ____13____ (blend) botanical appreciation, wildlife interaction, popular science and leisure, it is an ideal year-round destination for families and nature lovers. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Yuan Mei once ____14____ (write) a poem entitled Moss (苔). It carries a clear and simple message. ____15____ it is tiny, and has poor conditions for growth, moss is able to thrive just like the peony. In the modern world, more and more individuals from rural areas are flooding into cities ____16____ (find) success. With this wave of urbanization, competition for jobs, relationships and just about everything else is fierce. Ordinary people lacking connections, a desirable appearance or other desired qualities can often feel frustrated with their circumstances. The poem reminds us that we don’t have to be the peony. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Since bird flu first appeared in 1997, it ____17____ (take) more than a hundred lives. Many people fear it could be the next global epidemic especially as scientists ____18____ have gone into detail studying tissue samples from the bodies of people who died of the 1918 Spanish flu have proved that bird flu is a modern ____19____ (adapt) of that virus. One of the earliest epidemics on record happened between about 500 and 550 CE. Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area’s population died from the epidemic. Then ____20____ the 1330s, this epidemic returned this time in Asia, it spread rapidly to Europe and became known as the black death. 第三节 (共11小题；每小题1分，共11分) 根据提示，从选项中选择合适的单词，并使用这个单词的恰当形式补全句子。 rely employ intelligence mystery register identity wander comfort 21. It is important to ________ your own strengths and weaknesses in study. 22. The ________ student can solve difficult problems in a short time. 23. A ________ friend is someone who always helps you when you are in trouble. 24. The government has taken measures to promote ________ and reduce poverty. 25. Online ________ is required before you take part in the competition. 26. A ________ house in the town of Maycomb has interested many local children. 根据提示，从选项中选择合适的单词，并使用这个单词的恰当形式补全句子。 likely blank violent compare official polish 27. We should say no to ________ and build a peaceful and safe community. 28. There is a high ________ that you will succeed with continuous efforts. 29. After many practices, she gave a very ________ speech before the whole class. 30. In ________ with last term, I have made obvious progress in English. 31. The new plan will be ________ put into use at the beginning of next term. 第二部分：阅读理解 (共两节，32分) 第一节 (共11小题；每小题2分，共22分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡土将该项涂黑。 A I had been considering giving up. For the past eight years, I’ve met with prospective first-year students as a volunteer interviewer for my alma mater (母校). The reports I submit after the interviews become part of their admissions file. But acceptance rate of my university is low and each time I see the word “Denied” next to one of my interviewees’ names at the end of an admissions cycle, I feel a little more heartbroken. Don’t get me wrong. I’ve gotten to know loads of inspiring kids, and a handful of them were offered a spot. After a cycle in which none of my interviewees was green-lighted, though, I started to wonder: In expressing my enthusiasm for my university in interviews, was I doing them a favor or setting them up for disappointment? Was it fair of me to share an inside look into my university when most won’t have access to it? Then, out of the blue, I received a text from one of “my” admits, Layla. She thanked me for getting her into my university. I was touched, but I mentally dismissed the validity (合理性) of what seemed to be a misguided assumption of how the admissions process works. We met for coffee a few months later, and she delighted me with a detailed discussion of her classes, her professors, her research, and her friends. Her eyes were bright, her excitement visible. She told me she had submitted a request to spend 20 minutes with her admissions file. I couldn’t understand why she wanted to take the time to look. Couldn’t she just enjoy her time as an admitted student without being distracted by disturbing questions of whether she belonged? As it turns out, Layla learned that the admissions officer who first read her file was on the fence about her but then decided to put her application through for another read because of what I’d written in my interview report. My voice had made a difference. Layla found the relief she’d been looking for: Why was she here? Did she really matter to this incredible community? Seeing her put her worries to rest helped me do the same with my own. Maybe sometimes we all need to hear that we matter. 32. What made the author consider giving up the volunteer work? A. Getting tired of writing interview reports. B. Failing to help some of the promising kids. C. Disappointment with interviewees’ abilities. D. Inability to stimulate interviewees’ enthusiasm. 33. Initially, the author viewed Layla’s thank-you text as ________. A. a relief B. a distraction C. a reward D. a misunderstanding 34. Why did Layla request to review her admissions file? A. To ease her worries about future. B. To clarify the author’s confusion. C. To confirm she deserved the admission. D. To prove the author’s report played a role. 35. What can we learn from this passage? A. Each soul needs a witness. B. Every cloud has a silver lining. C. What goes around comes around. D. What matters always voices itself. B Evan Selinger, professor in RIT’s Department of Philosophy, has taken an interest in the ethics (伦理标准) of AI and the policy gaps that need to be filled in. Through a humanities viewpoint, Selinger asks the questions, “How can AI cause harm, and what can governments and companies creating AI programs do to address and manage it?” Answering them, he explained, requires an interdisciplinary approach. “AI ethics go beyond technical fixes. Philosophers and other humanities experts are uniquely skilled to address the nuanced (微妙的) principles, value conflicts, and power dynamics. These skills aren’t just crucial for addressing current issues. We desperately need them to promote anticipatory (先行的) governance,” said Selinger. One example that illustrates how philosophy and humanities experts can help guide these new, rapidly growing technologies is Selinger’s work collaborating with a special AI project. “One of the skills I bring to the table is identifying core ethical issues in emerging technologies that haven’t been built or used by the public. We can take preventative steps to limit risk, including changing how the technology is designed.” said Selinger. Taking these preventative steps and regularly reassessing what risks need addressing is part of the ongoing journey in pursuit of creating responsible AI. Selinger explains that there isn’t a step-by-step approach for good governance. “AI ethics have core values and principles, but there’s endless disagreement about interpreting and applying them and creating meaningful accountability mechanisms,” said Selinger. “Some people are rightly worried that AI can become integrated into ‘ethics washing’ — weak checklists, flowery mission statements, and empty rhetoric that covers over abuses of power. Fortunately, I’ve had great conversations about this issue, including with some experts, on why it is important to consider a range of positions.” Some of Selinger’s recent research has focused on the back-end issues with developing AI, such as the human impact that comes with testing AI chatbots before they’re released to the public. Other issues focus on policy, such as what to do about the dangers posed by facial recognition and other automated surveillance (监视) approaches. Selinger is making sure his students are informed about the ongoing industry conversations on AI ethics and responsible AI. “Students are going to be future tech leaders. Now is the time to help them think about what goals their companies should have and the costs of minimizing ethical concerns. Beyond social costs, downplaying ethics can negatively impact corporate culture and hiring,” said Selinger. “To attract top talent, you need to consider whether your company matches their interests and hopes for the future.” 36. Selinger advocates an interdisciplinary approach because . A. it can avoid social conflicts and pressing issues B. AI ethics heavily depends on technological solutions C. it demonstrates the power of anticipatory governance D. humanities experts possess skills essential for AI ethics 37. To promote responsible AI, Selinger believes we should . A. adopt a systematic approach B. apply innovative technologies C. anticipate ethical risks beforehand D. establish accountability mechanisms 38. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. More companies will use AI to attract top talent. B. Understanding AI ethics will help students in the future. C. Selinger favors companies that match his students’ values. D. Selinger is likely to focus on back-end issues such as policy. C Arguably, the biggest science development of the year to date has been the images of the very depths of the universe taken by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Those images beg a comparison between the external and internal universes that science is bent on observing and understanding. Decades ago, astrophysicist Carl Sagan famously said, “The universe is also within. We’re made of star-stuff. We are a way for the universe to know itself. ” He was commenting then on the reality that our internal universe was as complex and as fantastic as the outer space. There are many similarities between the progress we’ve made in understanding the universe and in piecing together life’s inner workings. Like the technological developments that took us from Galileo’s telescope to the Hubble to the JWST, life science tools have also improved rapidly. From early light microscopes to modern super-resolution ones, these developments have afforded researchers a deep look into biology’s infinitesimal (无限小的) landscape. Learning that living things were composed of cells was, not a terribly long time ago, a revolutionary observation. Since then, scientists have been able to dive ever deeper into the components of life. Going beyond merely observing the complicated makeup of organisms, life scientists can now discover the workings of molecules (分子). And that is where scanning the universe differs from peering into biology. Understanding the universe, especially from a functional standpoint, is not necessarily an immediate urgency. Understanding biology on that level is. Simply observing the amazing internal structure of cells is not enough. Biologists must also characterize how all those parts interact and change in different environments and when faced with various challenges. Being able to image a virus or bacterium is nice at the level of basic science. But knowing how viruses gain entry into cells and spread, infect, and disable can literally save lives. Through time, biology has risen to this mechanistic challenge. Not only can life science tools produce images of cell components, even more importantly, they can help predict the effects of drugs on receptors, of immune cells on foreign invaders (入侵者), and of genetic perturbations (基因干扰) on development and aging. This is not to belittle the work of scientists researching into universe. They should rightly be praised for delivering views of impossibly distant, impossibly massive phenomena. My aim is to celebrate these accomplishments while at the same time recognizing that science’s inward search for detail and insight is equally impressive and, in my view, more urgent. The output of both the outward and inward explorations should stimulate wonder in everyone. After all, it’s all star-stuff. 39. Why does the author quote Carl Sagan’s comment in Paragraph 2? A. To introduce the background. B. To prove an assumption. C. To make a comparison. D. To present an idea. 40. Like the study of the universe, life science has been advancing in ________. A. study approaches B. system management C. research facilities D. technology integration 41. We can infer from Paragraph 4 that biologists’ work is ________. A. practical B. risky C. flexible D. popular 42. As for life science, which would the author agree with? A. It has received universal recognition. B. It should enjoy priority in development. C. It can be applied in the majority of areas. D. It is more complicated than space science. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When was the last time you looked at something or felt something and said, “Wow”? Recent studies found that a lot of people are in emotional distress. So how can you rediscover the joys in your day-to-day life and recapture that sense of childhood wonder? Here’s how you can find them. ____43____ Throughout the day, stop what you are doing to listen to music, play with a toy or doodle on a piece of paper. Stretching your brain in different ways and daydreaming can stimulate your imagination. Get creative. Whether it is playing a musical instrument, sketching, painting, modeling with clay, dancing, or writing in a journal, creative pursuits are a great place to find joy. ____44____ Turn off your phone and enjoy the silence. Technology can be a good thing and provide us with many opportunities, but it can also numb (使迟钝) us to the wows around us and be an ongoing distraction. Turn your phone off for one hour, a whole day or even an entire weekend. You could also try turning off the television, music or radio for a few minutes to give yourself some total silence. ____45____ Listen. Really listen. When was the last time you remembered everything someone said to you? ____46____ Having a new-found curiosity and consideration for the other person might lead you to some surprising discoveries and take you outside of yourself. Get out of your comfort zone. Finding opportunities where you can push yourself out of your comfort zone will also give you a better chance of finding a wow experience. ____47____ Even attempting a 5k when you are not quite ready for a marathon can really help. A. Take a play break. B. Change your routine. C. This doesn’t have to mean a big, life-changing activity. D. This can help take you back to a childlike state, in a world of wonder. E. When talking to other people, try to be present with whoever you are with. F. Take a minute to notice and really pay attention to where you are, what you’re doing and what’s going on around you. G. What’s more, when you find flow in a creative activity, you might find inspiration for other areas of your life. 第三部分：书面表达 (共两节，27分) 第一节 (共4小题；第48、49小题各2分，第50小题3分，第51小题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 My dad is a crossword-lover. When I was a little girl, Dad would read his crossword puzzles to me from a magazine. I can still remember how he turned his pencil excitedly as he discovered a new phrase. If my attention weakened, he would say, “Feeling sleepy? Never mind, I’ll keep reading. Some of the words may crawl into your mind.” Bit by bit, Dad introduced me to the power of words and guided my life’s calling, a purpose I never questioned or bothered to pursue. Years passing, I grew into a professional writer. I found that he never asked me to suggest a word or help him with a puzzle when I was working. For him, my words were precious; each held value. But it did not matter much to me how much I got paid for writing. I wrote because I loved word-craft and making up stories that brought ideas to life. Recently when an editor surprised me with a lower rate of pay for a piece of essay that they chose to publish online rather than in print, I was kind of hurt! But I comforted myself by looking at the bright side — so many people read the piece and shared joyful emotions and praise on social media. Although some worldly-wise friends told me that I was paid peanuts, I myself felt well rewarded. While I was content, a certain anxiety would secretly emerge: would the thought of earnings cheapen the dignity of my work? Dad’s solution was: “Why not both? Money isn’t everything, but isn’t it good to have enough to help yourself and those close to you? And for your talents and efforts to be valued?” Dad believed not only that more wealth did not mean greater happiness, but also that no effort should be undervalued. Today, when doubts cloud my mind, I think of Dad’s pencil: its purpose may be to solve a crossword puzzle, but it was also there for anyone writing down a life-changing number in a lottery ticket. So couldn’t my words help complete my life purpose and earn a better living too? Now I take up assignments — some that pay well, some that don’t — and they both fill me with joy. 48. Why did the author’s father stop asking her for help with crossword puzzles after she became a writer? _______________________________________________ 49. What made the author feel hurt recently? _______________________________________________ 50. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The author’s father believed that money isn’t everything, so the author should accept no pay for her essay. _______________________________________________ 51. What will you do to keep your passion while making a living as the author did? (about 40 words) _______________________________________________ 第二节 (15分) 52. 假定你是红星中学高二学生李华，得知国家图书馆正在招募暑期“英语阅读沙龙” (English Reading Salon) 活动的主持人，请写一封英文申请信，内容包括： 1. 个人优势； 2. 流程设想。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Sir/Madame, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $