非谓语动词语法讲练课件-2026届高考英语二轮复习

Author: Miss. Liu 语法讲练 非谓语动词 一、课堂导入 二、非谓语动词总述 定义 三种基本形式及时态语态 句法功能总览 三、动词不定式 to do 作主语 作表语 作宾语（含疑问词 + 不定式） 作后置定语 作状语（目的、结果、原因） 作宾语补足语（含省略 to 与被动还原） 四、动名词 doing 作主语 作表语 作宾语（含介词后 doing） 作前置定语（表用途） 动名词复合结构 五、分词 doing /done 核心区别（主动 / 进行 vs 被动 / 完成） 2.作定语（前置 / 后置，对比辨析） 3.作表语（修饰事物 vs 修饰人） 4.作宾语补足语 5.作状语（高考高频，含逻辑主语一致原则） 六、高频易混考点辨析 接 to do /doing 含义不同的动词 2.固定考点（只用 to do、只用 doing 等） 七、非谓语动词 高考真题精选 八、课堂专项练习题 九、课堂小结 目录 一、课堂导入 一个简单句只能有一个谓语动词，有时态、人称、单复数变化。 句中多余的动词，不能再作谓语，必须变成非谓语动词。 非谓语三种形式：to do / doing / done 核心解题三步：判成分→定主被动→看时间先后 二、非谓语动词总述 1. 定义 非谓语动词：失去谓语动词功能，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补，仍保留动词特点（可带宾语、状语），有人称数不受限，有时态、语态变化。 2. 三种基本形式及时态语态 不定式：to do 动名词：doing 分词：现在分词 doing / 过去分词 done 形式 主动 被动 一般式 to do / doing to be done / being done 完成式 to have done / having done to have been done / having been done 三、动词不定式 to do 一）作主语 表具体、一次性、将来动作；常用 It 作形式主语 Eg:To master a foreign language well requires constant practice and long-term persistence. It is of great importance for senior high students to develop a good learning habit. It is foolish of you to give up such a precious opportunity without careful consideration. 二）作表语 说明主语内容、目标、计划 Eg:Our main task at present is to make full preparations for the coming college entrance examination. Her lifelong wish is to devote herself to education and help more children in poor areas. 三）作宾语 后接 to do 常用动词： want/hope/decide/plan/promise/refuse/afford/pretend/agree/manage/offer Eg:She has decided to take part in the voluntary activity organized by our school. We all hope to live in a world full of peace, kindness and mutual respect. 疑问词 + 不定式 Eg:I really don’t know how to balance my study and daily rest properly. When to hold the sports meeting hasn’t been announced yet. 四）作后置定语 修饰名词，表将要做；序数词 / 最高级 /the only 后必用 to do Eg:I have a great many difficult academic problems to solve before the end of this term. He is always the last one to leave the classroom every evening. I need a quiet place to focus on my reading and thinking. 五）作状语 1.目的状语 In order to improve his oral English, he keeps reading English passages every morning. 2.结果状语 only to do We rushed to the lecture hall only to find that the speech had already come to an end. 3.原因状语 We are delighted to hear that our school has won the national competition. 六）作宾语补足语 1.必带 to：ask/tell/allow/encourage/advise/want/expect Teachers always encourage us to face difficulties bravely and never give up easily. 2.感官 / 使役动词省略 to： see/watch/hear/notice/make/let/have 3.主动省 to，被动必须还原 to I saw him enter the library just now. He was seen to enter the library just now. 四、动名词 doing 一）作主语 表抽象、习惯、泛指动作 Eg:Getting up early and taking regular exercise is beneficial to teenagers’ physical and mental health. It is no use regretting what you have done in the past. 二）作表语 说明职业、爱好、活动内容 Eg:His hobby is collecting various stamps and ancient coins in his spare time. Her daily work is taking good care of the elderly in the community. 三）作宾语 1.后只接 doing 动词： enjoy/finish/mind/avoid/practice/suggest/keep/consider/miss Eg:You should avoid making the same careless mistakes in your daily exercises. She suggested organizing a class trip to the countryside next weekend. 2.介词后一律用 doing be good at / be interested in / look forward to / pay attention to Eg:We are looking forward to participating in the coming art festival. He insists on studying hard no matter what difficulties he meets. 四）作前置定语 表用途 a reading room 阅览室 a swimming pool 游泳池 a writing desk 写字桌 五）动名词复合结构 物主代词 / 名词所有格 + doing Eg:Would you mind my opening the window to let some fresh air in? Tom’s being late again made the head teacher very disappointed. 五、分词 doing /done 核心区别 doing：主动、进行 done：被动、完成 一）作定语 单个分词前置，分词短语后置 Eg:The girl standing under the big tree is one of the most excellent students in our grade. The book written by the famous writer has attracted millions of readers at home and abroad. 对比辨析： falling leaf 正在飘落的叶子 fallen leaf 已经落地的落叶 boiling water 沸腾的水 boiled water 开水 二）作表语 doing 修饰事物：令人…… done 修饰人：感到…… Eg:The news that our team won the championship is really inspiring. We are all inspired by his perseverance and strong will. 三）作宾语补足语 Eg:I noticed him wandering up and down the corridor anxiously. I found the window broken when I came back to the classroom. 四）作状语 分词逻辑主语必须与主句主语一致 Eg:Hearing the encouraging speech, all the students felt greatly motivated.（主动、原因） Born in a small village, he knows the life of local farmers very well.（被动、原因） Given more time and support, we could complete the project much better.（条件） 易错病句： ❌ Seeing from the mountain, the city looks beautiful. ✅ Seen from the mountain, the city looks beautiful. 六、高频易混考点辨析 1.接 to do /doing 含义不同 remember to do 记得要做 remember doing 记得做过 forget to do 忘记要做 forget doing 忘记做过 regret to do 遗憾告知 regret doing 后悔做过 stop to do 停下一件事去做另一件 stop doing 停止正在做的事 try to do 努力尽力 try doing 试着尝试 mean to do 打算 mean doing 意味着 2. 必须只用 that 定语从句、只能用 to do、只用 doing 固定考点 七、非谓语动词 高考真题精选 (2024 新高考 I) These flowers open in the daytime ________ (allow) insects to come and collect honey. (2024 全国甲卷) Many people tend ________ (choose) online shopping for its convenience. (2023 新高考 I) You need to learn ________ (control) your feelings when facing pressure. (2023 全国乙卷) ________ (admire) by many visitors, the ancient town becomes more and more popular. (2022 新高考 I) ________ (cover) a large area, the national park attracts thousands of tourists every year. (2022 全国甲卷) He took a part-time job ________ (improve) his social experience. (2021 新高考 II) The wind kept ________ (blow) strongly throughout the whole night. (2020 全国 I 卷) ________ (work) hard, you will finally achieve your dream in the future. to allow to choose to control Admired Covering to improve blowing Working 八、课堂专项练习题 用所给动词适当形式填空 It’s necessary for us ________ (form) a good study routine. The man ________ (sit) by the window is our new math teacher. I look forward to ________ (receive) your reply as soon as possible. ________ (Give) enough care, the young tree will grow tall quickly. He pretended ________ (not hear) what I had just said. to form sitting receiving Given not to hear 九、课堂小结 先判：句子已有谓语，多余动词用非谓语 再定：主动 doing，被动 done；将来目的用 to do 后看：非谓语动作发生在主句前，用完成式 having done /to have done 高考重点：分词作状语、不定式作目的定语、固定搭配接 to do/doing Thanks for your listening! $