内容正文:
2025-2026学年八年级下学期英语期中复习材料
词性转换及词法
一、动词(verb)
1.ski(v.滑雪)→skiing(动名词)
2.program(v.编写程序)→programmer(n.程序员)
3.express(v.表达)→expression(n.表达)
4.manage(v.完成;管理)→manage to do sth.→management(n.管理)→manager(n.经理)
5.advise(v.建议)→advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事→advice(不可数n.建议)
6.hurt(v.伤害)→hurtful(adj.伤人的;刻薄的)
7.decision(n.决定)→make a decision to do sth.决定做某事→decide(v.决定)→decide to do sth.
8.solution(n.解决方法)→solve(v.解决)
9.wake(v.醒来)→wake up 醒来→awake(adj.醒着的)
10.development(n.发展)→develop(v.发展)
11.distance(n.距离)→distant(adj.遥远的)
12.measure(v.测量;n.措施)→measurement(n.测量)
13.risk(v.使......冒风险;n.风险)→risky(adj.有风险的)
14.attract(v.吸引)→attractive(adj.有吸引力的)→attraction(n.吸引力;景点)
15.interview(v.&n.采访)→interviewer(n.采访者)
二、名词(noun)
1.instructor(n.教练)→instruct(v.指示;命令)
2.achievement(n.成就)→a sense of achievement(成就感)→achieve(v.实现;达到)
3.suggestion(n.建议)→suggestions(复数)→suggest(v.建议)→suggest doing sth.
4.failure(n.失败)→fail(v.失败;未能)→fail to do sth.
5.inspiration(n.灵感)→inspire(v.激励;鼓励)
6.stomachache(n.胃疼)→stomach(n.胃)
7.description(n.描写)→describe(v.描述)
8.illness(n.疾病)→ill(adj.生病的)
9.safety(n.安全)→safe(adj.安全的)
10.brightness(n.亮度)→bright(adj.明亮的)→brightly(adv.明亮地)
11.harm(n.&v.伤害;损伤)→harmful(adj.有害的)
12.shock(n.震惊;v.使震惊)→shocked(adj.感到震惊的)→shocking(adj.令人震惊的)
13.emotion(n.情绪)→emotional(adj.情绪的)
14.anger(n.怒火)→angry(adj.生气的)→be angry with sb.生某人的气
15.death(n.死亡)→die(v.死亡)→dying(现在分词)→dead(adj.无生命的)→alive(adj.活着的)
16.curiosity(n.好奇心)→curious(adj.好奇的)→be curious about sth.
17.explorer(n.探险者)→explore(v.探索)
18.report(n.&v.报道)→reporter(n.记者)
19.preparation(n.准备)→make preparations for 为...做准备→prepare(v.准备)→prepare for...
三、形容词(adjective)
1.scared(adj.感到害怕的)→be scared of/to(害怕;恐惧具)→scare(v.使害怕)→scary(adj.可怕的)
2.Italian(adj.意大利的)→Italy (n.意大利)
3.teenage(adj.青少年的)→teenager(n.青少年)
4.foreign(adj.外国的)→foreigner(n.外国人)
5.careless(adj.粗心的)→careful(adj.仔细的)→carefully(adv.仔细地)→care(v.关心;在意)
6.patient(adj.耐心的;n.病人)→patience(n.耐心)
7.quick(adj.快的;adv.迅速地)→quickly(adv.迅速地)
8.lonely (adj.孤独的)→loneliness(n.孤独)→alone(adv.独自地)
9.joyful(adj.高兴的)→joy(n.喜悦)
10.thankful(adj.感谢的)→thank(v.感谢)→thanks for doing sth.因......而感谢
→thankfully(adv.感激地)
11.relaxed(adj.放松的)→relax(v.放松)→relaxing(adj.令人放松的)
12.deep(adj.深的)→depth(n.深度)
13.unusual(adj.不寻常的)→usual(adj.平常的)→usually(adv.通常)
14.northern(adj.北方的)→north(n.北方)
15.southern(adj.南方的)→south(n.南方)
16.changeable(adj.易变的)→change(v.&n.变化)
17.located(adj.位于;坐落于)→locate(v.定位)→location(n.位置)
18.natural(adj.自然的)→nature(n.自然)
19.sudden(adj.突然的)→suddenly(adv.突然地)
四、副词(adverb)
1.surprisingly(adv.惊人地)→surprising(adj.令人惊讶的)→surprised(adj、感到惊讶的)→surprise(v.使惊讶;n.惊讶)
2.importantly(adv.重要地)→important(adj.重要的)→importance(n.重要性)
3.happily(adv.快乐地)→happy(adj.快乐的)→happiness(n.幸福)→a sense of happiness幸福感4.sadly(adv.伤心地)→sad(adj.伤心的)
5.luckily(adv.幸运地)→lucky(adj.幸运的)→unlucky(adj.不幸的)→luck(n.幸运)
6.badly(adv.严重的)→bad(adj.坏的)→worse(比较级)→worst(最高级)
7.nervously(adv.紧张不安地)→nervous(adj.紧张的)→be nervous about(对......感到紧张)
8.clearly (adv.清楚地)→clear(adj.清楚的;v.清除)
9.lastly(adv.最后)→last(ad.最后的;v.持续)
10.differently(adv.不同地)→different(adj.不同的)→difference(n.不同点)
11.successfully(adv.成功地)→successful(adj.成功的)→succeed(v.成功)→succeed doing sth.
12.simply(adv.仅仅;简单地)→simple(adj.简单的)
13.nearly(adv.几乎;差不多)→near(adj.近的)
14.unfortunately (adv.不幸地)→unfortunate(adj.不幸的)→fortunate(adj.幸运的)
15.terribly(adv.非常遭地)→terrible(adj.糟糕的)
五、代词(pronoun)
1.ourselves(pron.我们自己)→our(pron.我们的)→us(pron.我们)→we(pron.我们)
2.themselves(pron.他们自己)→them(pron.他们)→they(pron.他们)→their(pron.他们的)
3.its(pron.它的)→it(pron.它)
六、词组及词法
allow sb. to do sth.
允许某人做某事
avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
dare to do sth.敢于做某事
warn sb. to do sth.警告
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
volunteer to do sth.志愿做
give up 放弃
get over 克服
up to 正在做;由某人决定
in return 作为回报
get into 开始做某事;进入
give it a go 试一试某事
once in a while 偶尔;间或
go on an outing 外出游玩
dream of 梦想;希望
so far 到目前为止
suffer from 受苦;受折磨
take a seat 坐下
take sb.'s temperature 量体温
stop...from doing 阻止.....
what's more 更为重要的是
catch fire 着火
tum on 打开
no way 不可能
on fire 着火;起火
be about to 即将;正要
stop short 突然停住
first aid 急救
eat out 在外用餐
from now on 从现在开始
deal with 处理
in future 今后
so that 为了;因此
clear the air 尽释前嫌
look on the bright side
从好的方面想
get across 解释清楚;传达
on purpose 故意
cut...in half 切成两半
put oneself in sb.'s shoes
设身处地
shut...away 隔离
plenty of 充足;大量
feel blue 感到忧伤
on top of the world 欢天喜地
all smiles 笑容满面
in low spirits 情绪低落
let down 使失望
be hard on 对.....苛刻
take back 撤回;收回
be proud of 为......感到骄傲
as well 也;又
a bit 有点儿
pull together 齐心协力
even though 即使
go wrong 出现问题
shout at 冲......喊叫
from time to time 偶尔
take a deep breath 深呼吸
pass away 去世
not only...but also...
不但.....而且.....
square kilometre 平方千米
sea level 海平面
at all costs 不惜一切代价
bit by bit 一点一点地
do chores 做家务
slow down 慢下来
come off 脱落;掉落
security guard 保安人员
as soon as--.....就
alarm clock 闹钟
go off 发出响声
all of a sudden 突然
by the time 到......时候
out of breath 上气不接下气
as a result 因此
不规则动词变化表
请依据书P137-P141不规则动词变化表补全以下动词过去式形式
单词
中文
过去式
单词
中文
过去式
awake
醒;唤醒
leave
离开;留下
be(am,is,are)
是
lend
借给
bear
忍受
let
让
beat
打;打败;敲打
lie
躺;说谎:位于
become
变得;成为
light
点燃;照亮;光
begin
开始
lose
丢失:输掉
bleed
流血
make
做:制造
blow
吹;刮风
mean
意思是:打算
break
打破:弄坏
meet
遇见:见面
三、形容词(adjective)
1.scared(adj.感到害怕的)→be scared of/to(害怕;恐惧)→scare(v.使害怕)=scary(adj.可怕的)
2.Italian(adj.意大利的)→Italy(n.意大利)
3.teenage(adj.青少年的)→teenager(n.青少年)
4.foreign(adj.外国的)→foreigner(n.外国人)
5.careless(adj.粗心的)→careful(adj.仔细的)→carefully(adv.仔细地)→care(v.关心;在意)
6.patient(adj.耐心的;n.病人)→patience(n.耐心)
7.quick(adj.快的;adv.迅速地)→quickly(adv.迅速地)
8.lonely(adj.孤独的)→loneliness(n.孤独)→alone(adv.独自地)
9.joyful(adj.高兴的)→joy(n.喜悦)
10.thankful(adj.感谢的)→thank(v.感谢)→thanks for doing sth.因.....而感谢
→thankfully(adv.感激地)
11.relaxed(adj.放松的)→relax(v.放松)→relaxing(adj.令人放松的)
12.deep(adj.深的)→depth(n.深度)
13.unusual(adj.不寻常的)→usual(adj.平常的)→usually (adv.通常)
14.northern(adj.北方的)→north(n.北方)
15.southern(adj.南方的)→south(n.南方)
16.changeable(adj.易变的)→change(v.&n.变化)
17.located(adj.位于:坐落于)→locate(v.定位)→location(n.位置)
18.natural(adj.自然的)→nature(n.自然)
19.sudden(adj.突然的)→suddenly(adv.突然地)
四、副词(adverb)
1.surprisingly(adv.惊人地)→surprising(adj.令人惊讶的)→surprised(adj.感到惊讶的)→surprise(v.使惊讶;n.惊讶)
2.importantly(adv.重要地)→important(adj.重要的)→importance(n.重要性)
3.happily(adv.快乐地)→happy(adj.快乐的)→happiness(n.幸福)→a sense of happiness幸福感
4.sadly(adv.伤心地)→sad(adj.伤心的)
5.luckily(adv.幸运地)→lucky(adj.幸运的)→unlucky(adj.不幸的)→luck(n.幸运)
6.badly(adv.严重的)→bad(adj.坏的)→worse(比较级)→worst(最高级)
7.nervously(adv.紧张不安地)→nervous (adj. 紧张的)→be nervous about(对......感到紧张)
8.clearly(adv.清楚地)→clear(adj.清楚的;v.清除)
9.lastly(adv.最后)→last(adj.最后的;v.持续)
10.differently(adv.不同地)→different(adj.不同的)→difference(n.不同点)
11.successfully(adv.成功地)→successful(adj.成功的)→succeed(v.成功)→succeed doing sth.
12.simply(adv.仅仅;简单地)→simple(adj.简单的)
13.nearly(adv.几乎;差不多)→near(adj.近的)
14.unfortunately(adv.不幸地)→unfortunate(adj.不幸的)→fortunate(adj.幸运的)
15.terribly(adv.非常遭地)→terrible(adj.糟糕的)
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