内容正文:
高考英语时态 — 一般将来时态(主动+被动)(解析版)
英语时态高考考情解读
题型考查分布
在新高考与全国卷体系中,时态和语态属于贯穿全题型的基础必考语法点,考查覆盖面广、出题频率极高。
语法填空:高频考查一般将来时的基本结构、被动语态变形、“主将从现”语境应用,为动词类核心考点,每套试卷必考1–2空,常结合时间状语从句、条件状语从句设题。
短文改错:常出现一般将来时与一般现在时混用、被动语态结构残缺(漏be动词/过去分词)、“will”与“be going to”误用、时间语境与时态不匹配等错误,是改错高频设错点。
阅读理解:一般将来时多用于表达未来计划、预测、承诺,被动语态多用于说明未来的动作承受者、客观安排,常出现在说明文、通知类文本中,影响长难句理解与句意预判。
书面表达:应用文(通知、建议信、邀请信)、读后续写均需规范使用一般将来时;通知类文本侧重未来安排,读后续写侧重动作预测,语态合理搭配(主动表主动计划,被动表客观安排)能提升作文严谨度与高级感。
核心考点与高频易错点
核心考点
1. 一般将来时主动、被动的基本结构与否定、疑问变形;
2. “will do”与“be going to do”的用法辨析(高考高频);
3. 一般将来时被动语态的构成、变形及语境应用;
4. “主将从现”原则(一般将来时主句与一般现在时从句的呼应);
5. 一般将来时的特殊表达(be to do/be about to do)及被动形式。
高频易错点
1. “will do”与“be going to do”语境混淆(计划 vs 预测);
2. 一般将来时被动语态漏写be动词(is/are/am going to be/will be);
3. “主将从现”误用(从句用一般将来时,主句用一般现在时);
4. be to do/be about to do的被动形式记忆错误;
5. 否定句、疑问句中“will”与“not”的缩写及位置错误。
高考命题趋势分析
1. 命题更加语境化、场景化,不再单独考查机械结构背诵,依托短文、语篇语境判断动作的未来属性与主被动关系,侧重“计划、预测、安排”类语境。
2. 侧重一般将来时与一般现在时、一般过去时的混搭考查,强化“主将从现”原则的综合应用,弱化单一简单时态,突出语境判断能力。
3. 被动语态偏向结合通知、科普、计划类语篇,常与非谓语、从句结合综合设题,重点考查被动结构的完整性与主谓一致。
4. 紧扣写作实用导向,语法考查贴合书面表达评分标准,注重一般将来时在通知、预测类文本中的规范运用,侧重规避“中式未来时态”错误(如直接用“will+动词原形”忽略语境差异)。
一般将来时态核心精讲
一、基本结构(主动语态)
核心结构(3种高频,高考重点考查前2种):
1. will + 动词原形(通用型,表预测、承诺、自然发生的未来动作,无人称限制)
2. be (am/is/are) going to + 动词原形(表计划、打算、根据迹象预测,有人称变化)
3. be (am/is/are) to + 动词原形(表正式计划、安排、命令,语气较正式,高考偶尔考查)
补充:be (am/is/are) about to + 动词原形(表“即将发生”,无被动形式,不与具体时间状语连用)
否定式:
- will not(缩写won’t) + 动词原形
- be (am/is/are) not going to + 动词原形
- be (am/is/are) not to + 动词原形
疑问式:
- Will + 主语 + 动词原形?
- Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形?
- Am/Is/Are + 主语 + to + 动词原形?
二、时间标志词(高频必考)
常与一般将来时连用的时间词,多表示“未来的时间、计划、预测”,核心标志词:
tomorrow(明天)、next day/week/month/year(第二天/下周/下月/明年)、soon(很快)、in the future(在未来)、in + 一段时间(如in three days三天后)、this afternoon/evening(今天下午/晚上)、tonight(今晚)、later(稍后)、at once(立刻,表即将发生)。
三、核心用法
1. 表示未来的计划、打算(高考书面表达、语法填空高频语境),常用“be going to do”,也可用“will do”。
例句1(基础):I am going to visit my grandparents tomorrow.(我明天打算去看望祖父母。)
例句2(高考真题改编):We will hold a school sports meeting next month.(我们下个月将举办学校运动会。)
2. 表示对未来的预测(无明确计划,仅表推测),常用“will do”,也可根据迹象用“be going to do”。
例句1(基础):It will rain this evening.(今晚将会下雨。)
例句2(高考真题改编):Look at the dark clouds — it is going to rain.(看那些乌云,天要下雨了。)(根据迹象预测)
3. 表示承诺、意愿、命令或自然发生的未来动作,常用“will do”,无计划含义。
例句1:I will help you with your English if you need it.(如果你需要,我会帮你学英语。)(承诺)
例句2:The sun will rise tomorrow morning.(明天早上太阳会升起。)(自然发生)
4. 表示正式的计划、安排、命令,常用“be to do”(高考语法填空偶尔考查,书面表达可用于提升正式感)。
例句:The meeting is to be held at 9 o’clock tomorrow morning.(会议定于明天早上9点举行。)
四、特殊考点(高考易错点)
1. “will do”与“be going to do”的核心辨析(高考高频挖坑点)
① 表“计划、打算”(有明确安排):用be going to do(优先)
✅ I am going to buy a new book this weekend.(计划好周末买新书)
② 表“预测”(无计划,仅推测):两者均可;有迹象提示(如乌云、迹象)用be going to do
✅ It will be cold tomorrow.(无迹象,单纯预测)
✅ The glass is going to break.(杯子要碎了,有迹象)
③ 表“承诺、意愿、自然发生”:只用will do
✅ I will never give up.(承诺)
✅ The leaves will fall in autumn.(自然发生)
2. 时间/条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表将来(主将从现),主句用一般将来时(高考语法填空、写作高频考点)。
例句:When he arrives tomorrow, we will go to the park together.(当他明天到达时,我们一起去公园。)(从句用一般现在时arrives,主句用将来时will go)
引导词:when/if/as soon as/until/before/after等
3. be about to do 表“即将发生”,不与具体时间状语(如tomorrow、in 3 days)连用,无被动形式。
✅ The train is about to leave.(火车即将开动。)
❌ The train is about to leave in 5 minutes.(错误:不可加具体时间)
4. there be句型的一般将来时:There will be... / There is/are going to be...(注意be动词的单复数)
✅ There will be a concert next week.
✅ There is going to be a football match tomorrow.
五、必考易错点 + 高频丢分点总结
1、核心结构易错(基础丢分重灾区)
混淆“will do”与“be going to do”的语境
错:I will go to the cinema this weekend.(计划好的,应用be going to do)
对:I am going to go to the cinema this weekend.
规避:有明确计划、打算,用be going to do;无计划、表预测/承诺,用will do。
be going to do 漏写be动词
错:I going to visit my teacher tomorrow.
对:I am going to visit my teacher tomorrow.
规避:be going to do 必须有am/is/are,根据主语人称变化。
2、“主将从现”误用(高考最常考易错点)
错误 1、从句用一般将来时,主句用一般现在时(颠倒错误)
错:If it will rain tomorrow, we won’t go out.
对:If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go out.
规避:when/if/as soon as等引导的时间/条件状语从句,表将来时,只能用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时。
错误2、主句、从句均用一般将来时
错:When he will come, I will tell him the news.
对:When he comes, I will tell him the news.
补充:主句也可不用will,用情态动词(can/may/must)表将来含义,从句仍用一般现在时。
✅ If you study hard, you can get good grades.(主句用can表将来)
3、否定/疑问句结构易错(考试高频挖坑)
will的否定缩写错误
错:will not → willn’t(无此缩写)
对:will not → won’t(唯一正确缩写)
例句:He won’t go to school tomorrow.(他明天不去上学。)
be going to do 的否定形式位置错误
错:I am going not to watch TV tonight.
对:I am not going to watch TV tonight.
规避:否定词not放在be动词之后,going之前。
疑问句语序错误
错:You will go to Beijing tomorrow?(口语可接受,书面语错误)
对:Will you go to Beijing tomorrow?
错:Is you going to the park?
对:Are you going to the park?(be动词与人称一致)
4、特殊句式 & 固定场景易错
1. there be 将来时的be动词单复数错误
错:There is going to be two meetings tomorrow.(two meetings是复数)
对:There are going to be two meetings tomorrow.
规避:there be 将来时中,be going to的be动词单复数,由后面的主语单复数决定。
2. be to do 与 be going to do 混淆(正式 vs 非正式)
✅ The exam is to be held next Friday.(正式安排,如学校通知)
✅ I am going to take the exam next Friday.(个人计划,非正式)
3. be about to do 不能与具体时间状语连用
错:We are about to start in 10 minutes.
对:We are about to start. / We will start in 10 minutes.
5、易混固定搭配 & 词性陷阱
1. 情态动词后接一般将来时(无will)
✅ I can finish the work tomorrow.(不用will can)
✅ He may come to the party tonight.(不用will may)
2. “计划做某事”的固定表达(避免中式英语)
✅ plan to do sth(计划做某事)= be going to do sth
错:I plan will do my homework.
对:I plan to do my homework tomorrow.
六、一般将来时万能做题步骤
1. 判时态:看到这些标志 → 直接锁定一般将来时
tomorrow、next系列、soon、in+一段时间、this evening/tonight、later、at once(即将);
语境提示:计划、打算、预测、承诺;
句式提示:when/if引导的状语从句(主句用将来时)。
2. 定结构:根据语境选合适的主动结构
计划、打算 → be going to do;
预测、承诺、自然发生 → will do;
正式安排、命令 → be to do;
即将发生 → be about to do(无被动)。
3. 看句式:调整否定、疑问结构
否定句:will→won’t+动原;be not going to+动原;be not to+动原;
一般疑问句:Will提前+主语+动原;Am/Is/Are提前+主语+going to+动原;
there be句型:There will be / There is/are going to be。
七、四大高频考点答题模板
1. 模板1:计划、打算(书面表达、语法填空高频)
结构:主语 + am/is/are going to + 动词原形 + 其他
例:She is going to learn a new language next term.(她下学期打算学一门新语言。)
2. 模板2:预测、承诺(阅读理解、写作高频)
结构:主语 + will + 动词原形 + 其他
例:I will try my best to help you.(我会尽我所能帮助你。)
例:It will be a wonderful trip.(这将会是一次精彩的旅行。)
3. 模板3:主将从现(超高频,语法填空、改错必考)
if /when/as soon as /until 引导从句
从句:一般现在时
主句:will + 动词原形 / 情态动词 + 动词原形
例:As soon as he comes back, I will call you.(他一回来,我就给你打电话。)
4. 模板4:否定 & 疑问万能公式
① will 句式
否定:主语 + won’t + 动词原形
疑问:Will + 主语 + 动词原形?
② be going to 句式
否定:主语 + am/is/are not going to + 动词原形
疑问:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形?
八、核心避坑复盘
1. be going to do 必须带am/is/are,否定词not在be动词后;
2. will的否定缩写只有won’t,没有willn’t;
3. 主将从现铁律:从句(when/if等引导)用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时;
4. there be 将来时:be going to的be动词,由后面的主语单复数决定;
5. be about to do 不与具体时间状语连用,无被动形式;
6. 计划用be going to do,预测/承诺用will do,正式安排用be to do;
7. 情态动词(can/may/must)后接动原表将来,不用加will;
8. plan to do sth = be going to do sth,避免出现plan will do的错误。
九、一般将来时态的被动语态
核心构成
对应主动结构,被动结构分3种(高考重点考查前2种):
1. will be + 过去分词(done)(对应主动will do,通用型)
2. am/is/are going to be + 过去分词(done)(对应主动be going to do,表计划的被动)
3. am/is/are to be + 过去分词(done)(对应主动be to do,表正式安排的被动)
人称搭配(与be动词一致):
- I → am going to be done / am to be done
- He / She / It / 单数名词 / 不可数名词 → is going to be done / is to be done / will be done(无人称限制)
- We / You / They / 复数名词 → are going to be done / are to be done / will be done(无人称限制)
基本句式
1. 肯定句
结构1(will be done):主语 + will be + 过去分词
例:A new hospital will be built in our city next year.(明年我们城市将建一座新医院。)
结构2(be going to be done):主语 + am/is/are going to be + 过去分词
例:The meeting is going to be held in the hall.(会议将在大厅举行。)
2. 否定句
结构1:主语 + will not(won’t) be + 过去分词
例:The project won’t be finished on time.(这个项目不会按时完成。)
结构2:主语 + am/is/are not going to be + 过去分词
例:The letter is not going to be sent tomorrow.(这封信明天不会寄出去。)
3. 一般疑问句
结构1:Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词?
回答:Yes, 主语 + will. / No, 主语 + won’t.
例:Will the book be translated into Chinese? — Yes, it will.
结构2:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to be + 过去分词?
回答:Yes, 主语 + am/is/are. / No, 主语 + am/is/are not.
例:Is the bridge going to be built next month? — No, it isn’t.
4. 特殊疑问句
结构1:特殊疑问词 + will + 主语 + be + 过去分词?
例:When will the new school be opened?(新学校什么时候会开学?)
结构2:特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + going to be + 过去分词?
例:Where is the meeting going to be held?(会议将在哪里举行?)
核心用法
1. 表示未来计划、安排的被动动作,常配标志词:next week/month、tomorrow、in+一段时间等,常用“be going to be done”或“will be done”。
例:The homework is going to be checked by the teacher tomorrow.(作业明天将由老师检查。)
2. 表示对未来被动动作的预测,常用“will be done”,无明确计划。
例:Many new houses will be built in this area in the future.(未来这个地区将建造许多新房子。)
3. 强调未来动作的承受者,当不知道动作执行者、无需说出执行者,或重点在承受对象时用被动。
例:This book will be loved by many students.(这本书将会受到许多学生的喜爱。)
4. 正式安排、命令的被动动作,用“be to be done”,语气较正式(高考偶尔考查)。
例:The rules are to be obeyed by all students.(所有学生都必须遵守这些规则。)
主动变被动 转换规则
- 主动宾语 → 被动主语
- 主动谓语(will do/be going to do)→ 被动谓语(will be done/be going to be done)
- 主动主语 → 置于 by 后(可省略,若需强调执行者则保留)
- 时态保持不变(本题限定:一般将来时)
主动:We will hold a party tomorrow.
被动:A party will be held (by us) tomorrow.
主动:She is going to write a letter.
被动:A letter is going to be written by her.
重点补充
1. by 短语用来引出动作执行者,日常表达中常省略,高考中若设空,需根据语境判断是否保留。
例:The bridge will be built (by workers) next year.(工人们明年将建这座桥。)
2. 感官 / 使役动词的一般将来时被动,需还原to(与一般现在时被动规则一致)。
主动:They will make him do the work.
被动:He will be made to do the work by them.(被动必须加to)
3. 高频易错
① 漏写be动词:错→The work will done tomorrow. 对→The work will be done tomorrow.
② 漏写going to:错→The meeting is to be held tomorrow.(若表计划,可改为is going to be held;若表正式安排,正确)
③ 过去分词写错:错→The letter will be send tomorrow. 对→The letter will be sent tomorrow.
④ 主谓不一致:错→The books is going to be read. 对→The books are going to be read.
单句语法填空
1. A new library ________ (build) in our school next year.
2. The problem ________ (solve) by the teacher tomorrow morning.
3. These books ________ (not, send) to the school next week.
4. When ________ the meeting ________ (hold)?
5. The new rules ________ (go) to be carried out next month.
6. This kind of machine ________ (not, make) in this factory in the future.
7. The children ________ (teach) to read and write by the teacher soon.
参考答案 + 解析
1. will be built / is going to be built 解析:一般将来时被动,主语为单数,两种结构均可。
2. will be solved / is going to be solved 解析:一般将来时被动,表未来动作的被动。
3. won’t be sent / are not going to be sent 解析:被动否定式,主语为复数,两种结构均可。
4. will; be held 解析:一般将来时被动疑问句,疑问语序 will + 主语 + be + done。
5. are going 解析:be going to be done 结构,主语为复数,be动词用are。
6. won’t be made / are not going to be made 解析:被动否定式,表未来不会发生的被动动作。
7. will be taught / are going to be taught 解析:一般将来时被动,表“被教”,两种结构均可。
不用变被动 / 形式不变 特殊情况
1. 本身无被动语态,不用变被动
① 不及物动词(无宾语,不能变被动):happen /take place /break out /appear/last /rise等,一般将来时仍用主动形式。
例:A new accident will happen tomorrow.(无被动,不用will be happened)
② 固定不及物词组:come out(出版/开花)、come about、belong to、take place等,一般将来时无被动。
例:This new book will come out next month.(不用will be come out)
③ 感官系动词(look/sound/smell/taste/feel)表未来的感受,用主动形式表被动含义,不用变被动。
例:The cake will taste delicious.(不用will be tasted)
2. 主动结构 = 被动含义,句式不改动
need / want / require + doing(主动doing表被动),一般将来时仍用此结构,不用will be done。
例:The room will need cleaning tomorrow.(= The room will need to be cleaned tomorrow.)
be worth doing(固定用主动表被动),一般将来时仍用主动。
例:This book will be worth reading.(不用will be worth being read)
3. 无被动形式的特殊表达
be about to do 表“即将发生”,无被动形式,一般将来时仍用主动。
例:The train is about to leave.(不用is about to be left)
单句语法填空
1. This new song ________ (sound) beautiful and ________ (love) by many people soon.
2. Great changes ________ (take) place in our city in the next five years.
3. The old house ________ (need) ________ (repair) tomorrow.
4. This movie ________ (be) worth ________ (watch) next week.
5. A big party ________ (happen) in our school tomorrow evening.
6. The pen ________ (write) smoothly and ________ (sell) well in the future.
参考答案 + 考点解析
1. will sound; will be loved 解析:sound为感官系动词,主动表被动;love为及物动词,需用一般将来时被动。
2. will take 解析:take place 为不及物短语,无被动,用一般将来时主动。
3. will need; cleaning 解析:need doing 主动表被动,一般将来时will need + cleaning。
4. will be; reading 解析:be worth doing 固定搭配,一般将来时will be worth + reading。
5. will happen 解析:happen 为不及物动词,无被动,用一般将来时主动。
6. will write; will sell 解析:write/sell 表物品属性,主动表被动,一般将来时用主动。
一般将来时态核心精练
基础版
用所给动词的正确形式填空,直击:will do/be going to do、否定、主将从现、被动语态、主谓一致高频考点。
1. I ________ (visit) my friend tomorrow afternoon.
2. He ________ (not, go) to the park this weekend because he has to study.
3. If it ________ (not, rain), we ________ (have) a picnic.
4. A new bridge ________ (build) over the river next year.
5. They ________ (hold) a meeting to discuss the problem soon.
6. ________ you ________ (help) me with my homework this evening?
7. There ________ (be) a football match tomorrow morning.
8. The letter ________ (send) to my parents tomorrow.
9. She ________ (be) going to buy a new dress for the party.
10. The work ________ (not, finish) on time if we don’t work hard.
参考答案 + 易错点标注
1. will visit / am going to visit 易错:表计划/预测,两种结构均可,注意人称搭配(I用am)。
2. won’t go / is not going to go 易错:三单主语,否定式注意won’t或is not going to。
3. doesn’t rain; will have 易错:主将从现,从句用一般现在时否定,主句用一般将来时。
4. will be built / is going to be built 易错:一般将来时被动,漏写be动词或过去分词。
5. will hold / are going to hold 易错:复数主语,be going to的be动词用are。
6. Will; help 易错:疑问句语序,Will提前,动词还原原形。
7. will be / is going to be 易错:there be将来时,be动词单复数由后面的主语(a football match)决定,用is。
8. will be sent / is going to be sent 易错:被动结构漏写be动词,send的过去分词是sent。
9. is 易错:be going to的be动词,主语she用is,漏写be动词。
10. won’t be finished / is not going to be finished 易错:被动否定式,漏写be动词或not的位置错误。
进阶版
一、单句语法填空
1. The moon ________ (go) around the earth tomorrow as usual.
2. My father ________ (take) me to the zoo next Sunday.
3. If you ________ (study) hard, you ________ (pass) the exam.
4. The little boy ________ (not, watch) TV tonight because he has too much homework.
5. Every student ________ (have) a new book next term.
6. When we ________ (arrive) at the station tomorrow, the train ________ (leave).
7. ________ your brother ________ (swim) in the pool tomorrow afternoon?
8. This pair of shoes ________ (sell) well and ________ (buy) by many people soon.
9. Most students ________ (go) to the park for a picnic next Saturday.
10. The meeting ________ (be) to be held at 2 o’clock tomorrow afternoon.
单句填空答案解析
1. goes 解析:客观规律,用一般现在时表将来,主语the moon为三单,用goes。
2. will take / is going to take 解析:表计划/预测,两种结构均可,主语my father为三单,be going to的be动词用is。
3. study; will pass 解析:主将从现,if从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时。
4. won’t watch / is not going to watch 解析:三单主语,否定式用won’t或is not going to。
5. will have / is going to have 解析:every student为三单,be going to的be动词用is。
6. arrive; will leave 解析:when引导时间状语从句,主将从现,从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时。
7. Will; swim 解析:一般将来时疑问句,Will提前,动词还原原形。
8. will sell; will be bought 解析:sell表物品属性,主动表被动;buy为及物动词,用一般将来时被动。
9. will go / are going to go 解析:most students为复数,be going to的be动词用are。
10. is 解析:be to be done 表正式安排,主语the meeting为单数,be动词用is。
二、语法填空
阅读短文,用括号内动词的适当形式填空
Next year, our school life 1________ (become) more colorful. A new gym 2________ (build) and it 3________ (open) to students in September. Our teachers 4________ (organize) more after-school activities, such as a music festival and a sports meeting.
I 5________ (join) the music club because I like singing. My best friend Tom 6________ (learn) to play the guitar and he 7________ (perform) in the music festival.
If we 8________ (work) together, our school 9________ (become) a better place. The school rules 10________ (improve) next term to make our school life safer. We 11________ (be) happy to see these changes.
语法填空答案解析
1. will become 解析:next year提示一般将来时,表未来的变化,用will do。
2. will be built 解析:gym与build为被动关系,一般将来时被动,用will be built。
3. will open 解析:it指代gym,主动表“开放”,一般将来时用will open。
4. will organize 解析:teachers与organize为主动关系,表未来计划,用will do。
5. am going to join / will join 解析:表个人计划/意愿,两种结构均可,主语I用am going to。
6. is going to learn / will learn 解析:Tom为三单,表计划/预测,两种结构均可。
7. will perform 解析:表未来的动作,与learn并列,用will do。
8. work 解析:if引导条件状语从句,主将从现,从句用一般现在时。
9. will become 解析:主句用一般将来时,表未来的结果。
10. will be improved / are going to be improved 解析:rules与improve为被动关系,一般将来时被动,两种结构均可。
11. will be 解析:表未来的状态,用will be + 形容词。
一般将来时态过关达标练习
一、单句语法填空 ,用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. He ________ (work) in a new company next month.
2. My mother ________ (buy) a new dress for me tomorrow.
3. The bird ________ (fly) to the south when winter comes.(主将从现)
4. She ________ (not, go) to the library tomorrow because she is ill.
5. Tea ________ (send) to many countries in the future.
6. Students ________ (ask) to finish their homework on time next term.
7. The old books ________ (give) to poor children next year.
8. The flowers ________ (look) more beautiful if we water them.
9. This magazine ________ (come) out next month.
10. Workers ________ (make) ________ (work) long hours by the boss next week.
参考答案
1. will work / is going to work 解析:next month提示一般将来时,两种结构均可,主语He为三单,be going to的be动词用is。
2. will buy / is going to buy 解析:tomorrow提示一般将来时,主语my mother为三单,be going to的be动词用is。
3. will fly / is going to fly 解析:when引导时间状语从句,主将从现,主句用一般将来时。
4. won’t go / is not going to go 解析:三单主语,否定式用won’t或is not going to,结合语境“生病不去”,表计划。
5. will be sent / is going to be sent 解析:tea与send为被动关系,一般将来时被动,tea为不可数名词,be动词用is。
6. will be asked / are going to be asked 解析:students与ask为被动关系,复数主语,be动词用are。
7. will be given / are going to be given 解析:old books与give为被动关系,复数主语,be动词用are。
8. will look 解析:if引导条件状语从句,主将从现,主句用一般将来时,look为感官系动词,主动表被动。
9. will come 解析:come out为不及物短语,无被动,一般将来时用主动。
10. will be made; to work 解析:一般将来时被动;make被动还原不定式to,为固定规则。
二、语法填空,阅读短文,用所给动词的适当形式填空。
In the future, our life 1 ________(change) a lot. Many new technologies 2 ________(use) in our daily life. People 3________ (not, go) to work by car every day; instead, they 4________ (take) high-speed trains or planes.
Our homes 5________ (become) smarter. We 6________ (control) the lights and the air conditioner with our voices. Children 7________ (study) at home with online teachers instead of going to school.
If we 8________ (protect) the environment, our planet 9________ (become) greener. More trees 10 _______(plant) and more rivers 11________ (clean) in the next ten years. Everyone 12________ (live) a happy and healthy life.
答案解析
1. will change / is going to change 解析:in the future提示一般将来时,表未来的变化,两种结构均可。
2. will be used / are going to be used 解析:technologies与use为被动关系,复数主语,一般将来时被动。
3. won’t go / are not going to go 解析:表未来的习惯变化,否定式用won’t或are not going to。
4. will take / are going to take 解析:与前一句并列,表未来的动作,复数主语,两种结构均可。
5. will become / are going to become 解析:表未来的状态,两种结构均可。
6. will control / are going to control 解析:表未来的动作,复数主语,两种结构均可。
7. will study / are going to study 解析:表未来的学习方式,复数主语,两种结构均可。
8. protect 解析:if引导条件状语从句,主将从现,从句用一般现在时。
9. will become 解析:主句用一般将来时,表未来的结果。
10. will be planted / are going to be planted 解析:trees与plant为被动关系,复数主语,一般将来时被动。
11. will be cleaned / are going to be cleaned 解析:rivers与clean为被动关系,复数主语,一般将来时被动。
12. will live / is going to live 解析:everyone为三单,一般将来时,be going to的be动词用is。
你都答对了吗?恭喜你成功晋级!下一关,解锁过去将来时态吧。
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高考英语时态 — 一般将来时态(主动+被动)(解析版)
英语时态高考考情解读
题型考查分布
在新高考与全国卷体系中,时态和语态属于贯穿全题型的基础必考语法点,考查覆盖面广、出题频率极高。
语法填空:高频考查一般将来时的基本结构、被动语态变形、“主将从现”语境应用,为动词类核心考点,每套试卷必考1–2空,常结合时间状语从句、条件状语从句设题。
短文改错:常出现一般将来时与一般现在时混用、被动语态结构残缺(漏be动词/过去分词)、“will”与“be going to”误用、时间语境与时态不匹配等错误,是改错高频设错点。
阅读理解:一般将来时多用于表达未来计划、预测、承诺,被动语态多用于说明未来的动作承受者、客观安排,常出现在说明文、通知类文本中,影响长难句理解与句意预判。
书面表达:应用文(通知、建议信、邀请信)、读后续写均需规范使用一般将来时;通知类文本侧重未来安排,读后续写侧重动作预测,语态合理搭配(主动表主动计划,被动表客观安排)能提升作文严谨度与高级感。
核心考点与高频易错点
核心考点
1. 一般将来时主动、被动的基本结构与否定、疑问变形;
2. “will do”与“be going to do”的用法辨析(高考高频);
3. 一般将来时被动语态的构成、变形及语境应用;
4. “主将从现”原则(一般将来时主句与一般现在时从句的呼应);
5. 一般将来时的特殊表达(be to do/be about to do)及被动形式。
高频易错点
1. “will do”与“be going to do”语境混淆(计划 vs 预测);
2. 一般将来时被动语态漏写be动词(is/are/am going to be/will be);
3. “主将从现”误用(从句用一般将来时,主句用一般现在时);
4. be to do/be about to do的被动形式记忆错误;
5. 否定句、疑问句中“will”与“not”的缩写及位置错误。
高考命题趋势分析
1. 命题更加语境化、场景化,不再单独考查机械结构背诵,依托短文、语篇语境判断动作的未来属性与主被动关系,侧重“计划、预测、安排”类语境。
2. 侧重一般将来时与一般现在时、一般过去时的混搭考查,强化“主将从现”原则的综合应用,弱化单一简单时态,突出语境判断能力。
3. 被动语态偏向结合通知、科普、计划类语篇,常与非谓语、从句结合综合设题,重点考查被动结构的完整性与主谓一致。
4. 紧扣写作实用导向,语法考查贴合书面表达评分标准,注重一般将来时在通知、预测类文本中的规范运用,侧重规避“中式未来时态”错误(如直接用“will+动词原形”忽略语境差异)。
一般将来时态核心精讲
一、基本结构(主动语态)
核心结构(3种高频,高考重点考查前2种):
1. will + 动词原形(通用型,表预测、承诺、自然发生的未来动作,无人称限制)
2. be (am/is/are) going to + 动词原形(表计划、打算、根据迹象预测,有人称变化)
3. be (am/is/are) to + 动词原形(表正式计划、安排、命令,语气较正式,高考偶尔考查)
补充:be (am/is/are) about to + 动词原形(表“即将发生”,无被动形式,不与具体时间状语连用)
否定式:
- will not(缩写won’t) + 动词原形
- be (am/is/are) not going to + 动词原形
- be (am/is/are) not to + 动词原形
疑问式:
- Will + 主语 + 动词原形?
- Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形?
- Am/Is/Are + 主语 + to + 动词原形?
二、时间标志词(高频必考)
常与一般将来时连用的时间词,多表示“未来的时间、计划、预测”,核心标志词:
tomorrow(明天)、next day/week/month/year(第二天/下周/下月/明年)、soon(很快)、in the future(在未来)、in + 一段时间(如in three days三天后)、this afternoon/evening(今天下午/晚上)、tonight(今晚)、later(稍后)、at once(立刻,表即将发生)。
三、核心用法
1. 表示未来的计划、打算(高考书面表达、语法填空高频语境),常用“be going to do”,也可用“will do”。
例句1(基础):I am going to visit my grandparents tomorrow.(我明天打算去看望祖父母。)
例句2(高考真题改编):We will hold a school sports meeting next month.(我们下个月将举办学校运动会。)
2. 表示对未来的预测(无明确计划,仅表推测),常用“will do”,也可根据迹象用“be going to do”。
例句1(基础):It will rain this evening.(今晚将会下雨。)
例句2(高考真题改编):Look at the dark clouds — it is going to rain.(看那些乌云,天要下雨了。)(根据迹象预测)
3. 表示承诺、意愿、命令或自然发生的未来动作,常用“will do”,无计划含义。
例句1:I will help you with your English if you need it.(如果你需要,我会帮你学英语。)(承诺)
例句2:The sun will rise tomorrow morning.(明天早上太阳会升起。)(自然发生)
4. 表示正式的计划、安排、命令,常用“be to do”(高考语法填空偶尔考查,书面表达可用于提升正式感)。
例句:The meeting is to be held at 9 o’clock tomorrow morning.(会议定于明天早上9点举行。)
四、特殊考点(高考易错点)
1. “will do”与“be going to do”的核心辨析(高考高频挖坑点)
① 表“计划、打算”(有明确安排):用be going to do(优先)
✅ I am going to buy a new book this weekend.(计划好周末买新书)
② 表“预测”(无计划,仅推测):两者均可;有迹象提示(如乌云、迹象)用be going to do
✅ It will be cold tomorrow.(无迹象,单纯预测)
✅ The glass is going to break.(杯子要碎了,有迹象)
③ 表“承诺、意愿、自然发生”:只用will do
✅ I will never give up.(承诺)
✅ The leaves will fall in autumn.(自然发生)
2. 时间/条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表将来(主将从现),主句用一般将来时(高考语法填空、写作高频考点)。
例句:When he arrives tomorrow, we will go to the park together.(当他明天到达时,我们一起去公园。)(从句用一般现在时arrives,主句用将来时will go)
引导词:when/if/as soon as/until/before/after等
3. be about to do 表“即将发生”,不与具体时间状语(如tomorrow、in 3 days)连用,无被动形式。
✅ The train is about to leave.(火车即将开动。)
❌ The train is about to leave in 5 minutes.(错误:不可加具体时间)
4. there be句型的一般将来时:There will be... / There is/are going to be...(注意be动词的单复数)
✅ There will be a concert next week.
✅ There is going to be a football match tomorrow.
五、必考易错点 + 高频丢分点总结
1、核心结构易错(基础丢分重灾区)
混淆“will do”与“be going to do”的语境
错:I will go to the cinema this weekend.(计划好的,应用be going to do)
对:I am going to go to the cinema this weekend.
规避:有明确计划、打算,用be going to do;无计划、表预测/承诺,用will do。
be going to do 漏写be动词
错:I going to visit my teacher tomorrow.
对:I am going to visit my teacher tomorrow.
规避:be going to do 必须有am/is/are,根据主语人称变化。
2、“主将从现”误用(高考最常考易错点)
错误 1、从句用一般将来时,主句用一般现在时(颠倒错误)
错:If it will rain tomorrow, we won’t go out.
对:If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go out.
规避:when/if/as soon as等引导的时间/条件状语从句,表将来时,只能用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时。
错误2、主句、从句均用一般将来时
错:When he will come, I will tell him the news.
对:When he comes, I will tell him the news.
补充:主句也可不用will,用情态动词(can/may/must)表将来含义,从句仍用一般现在时。
✅ If you study hard, you can get good grades.(主句用can表将来)
3、否定/疑问句结构易错(考试高频挖坑)
will的否定缩写错误
错:will not → willn’t(无此缩写)
对:will not → won’t(唯一正确缩写)
例句:He won’t go to school tomorrow.(他明天不去上学。)
be going to do 的否定形式位置错误
错:I am going not to watch TV tonight.
对:I am not going to watch TV tonight.
规避:否定词not放在be动词之后,going之前。
疑问句语序错误
错:You will go to Beijing tomorrow?(口语可接受,书面语错误)
对:Will you go to Beijing tomorrow?
错:Is you going to the park?
对:Are you going to the park?(be动词与人称一致)
4、特殊句式 & 固定场景易错
1. there be 将来时的be动词单复数错误
错:There is going to be two meetings tomorrow.(two meetings是复数)
对:There are going to be two meetings tomorrow.
规避:there be 将来时中,be going to的be动词单复数,由后面的主语单复数决定。
2. be to do 与 be going to do 混淆(正式 vs 非正式)
✅ The exam is to be held next Friday.(正式安排,如学校通知)
✅ I am going to take the exam next Friday.(个人计划,非正式)
3. be about to do 不能与具体时间状语连用
错:We are about to start in 10 minutes.
对:We are about to start. / We will start in 10 minutes.
5、易混固定搭配 & 词性陷阱
1. 情态动词后接一般将来时(无will)
✅ I can finish the work tomorrow.(不用will can)
✅ He may come to the party tonight.(不用will may)
2. “计划做某事”的固定表达(避免中式英语)
✅ plan to do sth(计划做某事)= be going to do sth
错:I plan will do my homework.
对:I plan to do my homework tomorrow.
六、一般将来时万能做题步骤
1. 判时态:看到这些标志 → 直接锁定一般将来时
tomorrow、next系列、soon、in+一段时间、this evening/tonight、later、at once(即将);
语境提示:计划、打算、预测、承诺;
句式提示:when/if引导的状语从句(主句用将来时)。
2. 定结构:根据语境选合适的主动结构
计划、打算 → be going to do;
预测、承诺、自然发生 → will do;
正式安排、命令 → be to do;
即将发生 → be about to do(无被动)。
3. 看句式:调整否定、疑问结构
否定句:will→won’t+动原;be not going to+动原;be not to+动原;
一般疑问句:Will提前+主语+动原;Am/Is/Are提前+主语+going to+动原;
there be句型:There will be / There is/are going to be。
七、四大高频考点答题模板
1. 模板1:计划、打算(书面表达、语法填空高频)
结构:主语 + am/is/are going to + 动词原形 + 其他
例:She is going to learn a new language next term.(她下学期打算学一门新语言。)
2. 模板2:预测、承诺(阅读理解、写作高频)
结构:主语 + will + 动词原形 + 其他
例:I will try my best to help you.(我会尽我所能帮助你。)
例:It will be a wonderful trip.(这将会是一次精彩的旅行。)
3. 模板3:主将从现(超高频,语法填空、改错必考)
if /when/as soon as /until 引导从句
从句:一般现在时
主句:will + 动词原形 / 情态动词 + 动词原形
例:As soon as he comes back, I will call you.(他一回来,我就给你打电话。)
4. 模板4:否定 & 疑问万能公式
① will 句式
否定:主语 + won’t + 动词原形
疑问:Will + 主语 + 动词原形?
② be going to 句式
否定:主语 + am/is/are not going to + 动词原形
疑问:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形?
八、核心避坑复盘
1. be going to do 必须带am/is/are,否定词not在be动词后;
2. will的否定缩写只有won’t,没有willn’t;
3. 主将从现铁律:从句(when/if等引导)用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时;
4. there be 将来时:be going to的be动词,由后面的主语单复数决定;
5. be about to do 不与具体时间状语连用,无被动形式;
6. 计划用be going to do,预测/承诺用will do,正式安排用be to do;
7. 情态动词(can/may/must)后接动原表将来,不用加will;
8. plan to do sth = be going to do sth,避免出现plan will do的错误。
九、一般将来时态的被动语态
核心构成
对应主动结构,被动结构分3种(高考重点考查前2种):
1. will be + 过去分词(done)(对应主动will do,通用型)
2. am/is/are going to be + 过去分词(done)(对应主动be going to do,表计划的被动)
3. am/is/are to be + 过去分词(done)(对应主动be to do,表正式安排的被动)
人称搭配(与be动词一致):
- I → am going to be done / am to be done
- He / She / It / 单数名词 / 不可数名词 → is going to be done / is to be done / will be done(无人称限制)
- We / You / They / 复数名词 → are going to be done / are to be done / will be done(无人称限制)
基本句式
1. 肯定句
结构1(will be done):主语 + will be + 过去分词
例:A new hospital will be built in our city next year.(明年我们城市将建一座新医院。)
结构2(be going to be done):主语 + am/is/are going to be + 过去分词
例:The meeting is going to be held in the hall.(会议将在大厅举行。)
2. 否定句
结构1:主语 + will not(won’t) be + 过去分词
例:The project won’t be finished on time.(这个项目不会按时完成。)
结构2:主语 + am/is/are not going to be + 过去分词
例:The letter is not going to be sent tomorrow.(这封信明天不会寄出去。)
3. 一般疑问句
结构1:Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词?
回答:Yes, 主语 + will. / No, 主语 + won’t.
例:Will the book be translated into Chinese? — Yes, it will.
结构2:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to be + 过去分词?
回答:Yes, 主语 + am/is/are. / No, 主语 + am/is/are not.
例:Is the bridge going to be built next month? — No, it isn’t.
4. 特殊疑问句
结构1:特殊疑问词 + will + 主语 + be + 过去分词?
例:When will the new school be opened?(新学校什么时候会开学?)
结构2:特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + going to be + 过去分词?
例:Where is the meeting going to be held?(会议将在哪里举行?)
核心用法
1. 表示未来计划、安排的被动动作,常配标志词:next week/month、tomorrow、in+一段时间等,常用“be going to be done”或“will be done”。
例:The homework is going to be checked by the teacher tomorrow.(作业明天将由老师检查。)
2. 表示对未来被动动作的预测,常用“will be done”,无明确计划。
例:Many new houses will be built in this area in the future.(未来这个地区将建造许多新房子。)
3. 强调未来动作的承受者,当不知道动作执行者、无需说出执行者,或重点在承受对象时用被动。
例:This book will be loved by many students.(这本书将会受到许多学生的喜爱。)
4. 正式安排、命令的被动动作,用“be to be done”,语气较正式(高考偶尔考查)。
例:The rules are to be obeyed by all students.(所有学生都必须遵守这些规则。)
主动变被动 转换规则
- 主动宾语 → 被动主语
- 主动谓语(will do/be going to do)→ 被动谓语(will be done/be going to be done)
- 主动主语 → 置于 by 后(可省略,若需强调执行者则保留)
- 时态保持不变(本题限定:一般将来时)
主动:We will hold a party tomorrow.
被动:A party will be held (by us) tomorrow.
主动:She is going to write a letter.
被动:A letter is going to be written by her.
重点补充
1. by 短语用来引出动作执行者,日常表达中常省略,高考中若设空,需根据语境判断是否保留。
例:The bridge will be built (by workers) next year.(工人们明年将建这座桥。)
2. 感官 / 使役动词的一般将来时被动,需还原to(与一般现在时被动规则一致)。
主动:They will make him do the work.
被动:He will be made to do the work by them.(被动必须加to)
3. 高频易错
① 漏写be动词:错→The work will done tomorrow. 对→The work will be done tomorrow.
② 漏写going to:错→The meeting is to be held tomorrow.(若表计划,可改为is going to be held;若表正式安排,正确)
③ 过去分词写错:错→The letter will be send tomorrow. 对→The letter will be sent tomorrow.
④ 主谓不一致:错→The books is going to be read. 对→The books are going to be read.
单句语法填空
1. A new library ________ (build) in our school next year.
2. The problem ________ (solve) by the teacher tomorrow morning.
3. These books ________ (not, send) to the school next week.
4. When ________ the meeting ________ (hold)?
5. The new rules ________ (go) to be carried out next month.
6. This kind of machine ________ (not, make) in this factory in the future.
7. The children ________ (teach) to read and write by the teacher soon.
不用变被动 / 形式不变 特殊情况
1. 本身无被动语态,不用变被动
① 不及物动词(无宾语,不能变被动):happen /take place /break out /appear/last /rise等,一般将来时仍用主动形式。
例:A new accident will happen tomorrow.(无被动,不用will be happened)
② 固定不及物词组:come out(出版/开花)、come about、belong to、take place等,一般将来时无被动。
例:This new book will come out next month.(不用will be come out)
③ 感官系动词(look/sound/smell/taste/feel)表未来的感受,用主动形式表被动含义,不用变被动。
例:The cake will taste delicious.(不用will be tasted)
2. 主动结构 = 被动含义,句式不改动
need / want / require + doing(主动doing表被动),一般将来时仍用此结构,不用will be done。
例:The room will need cleaning tomorrow.(= The room will need to be cleaned tomorrow.)
be worth doing(固定用主动表被动),一般将来时仍用主动。
例:This book will be worth reading.(不用will be worth being read)
3. 无被动形式的特殊表达
be about to do 表“即将发生”,无被动形式,一般将来时仍用主动。
例:The train is about to leave.(不用is about to be left)
单句语法填空
1. This new song ________ (sound) beautiful and ________ (love) by many people soon.
2. Great changes ________ (take) place in our city in the next five years.
3. The old house ________ (need) ________ (repair) tomorrow.
4. This movie ________ (be) worth ________ (watch) next week.
5. A big party ________ (happen) in our school tomorrow evening.
6. The pen ________ (write) smoothly and ________ (sell) well in the future.
一般将来时态核心精练
基础版
用所给动词的正确形式填空,直击:will do/be going to do、否定、主将从现、被动语态、主谓一致高频考点。
1. I ________ (visit) my friend tomorrow afternoon.
2. He ________ (not, go) to the park this weekend because he has to study.
3. If it ________ (not, rain), we ________ (have) a picnic.
4. A new bridge ________ (build) over the river next year.
5. They ________ (hold) a meeting to discuss the problem soon.
6. ________ you ________ (help) me with my homework this evening?
7. There ________ (be) a football match tomorrow morning.
8. The letter ________ (send) to my parents tomorrow.
9. She ________ (be) going to buy a new dress for the party.
10. The work ________ (not, finish) on time if we don’t work hard.
进阶版
一、单句语法填空
1. The moon ________ (go) around the earth tomorrow as usual.
2. My father ________ (take) me to the zoo next Sunday.
3. If you ________ (study) hard, you ________ (pass) the exam.
4. The little boy ________ (not, watch) TV tonight because he has too much homework.
5. Every student ________ (have) a new book next term.
6. When we ________ (arrive) at the station tomorrow, the train ________ (leave).
7. ________ your brother ________ (swim) in the pool tomorrow afternoon?
8. This pair of shoes ________ (sell) well and ________ (buy) by many people soon.
9. Most students ________ (go) to the park for a picnic next Saturday.
10. The meeting ________ (be) to be held at 2 o’clock tomorrow afternoon.
二、语法填空
阅读短文,用括号内动词的适当形式填空
Next year, our school life 1________ (become) more colorful. A new gym 2________ (build) and it 3________ (open) to students in September. Our teachers 4________ (organize) more after-school activities, such as a music festival and a sports meeting.
I 5________ (join) the music club because I like singing. My best friend Tom 6________ (learn) to play the guitar and he 7________ (perform) in the music festival.
If we 8________ (work) together, our school 9________ (become) a better place. The school rules 10________ (improve) next term to make our school life safer. We 11________ (be) happy to see these changes.
语法填空答案解析
一般将来时态过关达标练习
一、单句语法填空 ,用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. He ________ (work) in a new company next month.
2. My mother ________ (buy) a new dress for me tomorrow.
3. The bird ________ (fly) to the south when winter comes.(主将从现)
4. She ________ (not, go) to the library tomorrow because she is ill.
5. Tea ________ (send) to many countries in the future.
6. Students ________ (ask) to finish their homework on time next term.
7. The old books ________ (give) to poor children next year.
8. The flowers ________ (look) more beautiful if we water them.
9. This magazine ________ (come) out next month.
10. Workers ________ (make) ________ (work) long hours by the boss next week.
二、语法填空,阅读短文,用所给动词的适当形式填空。
In the future, our life 1 ________(change) a lot. Many new technologies 2 ________(use) in our daily life. People 3________ (not, go) to work by car every day; instead, they 4________ (take) high-speed trains or planes.
Our homes 5________ (become) smarter. We 6________ (control) the lights and the air conditioner with our voices. Children 7________ (study) at home with online teachers instead of going to school.
If we 8________ (protect) the environment, our planet 9________ (become) greener. More trees 10 _______(plant) and more rivers 11________ (clean) in the next ten years. Everyone 12________ (live) a happy and healthy life.
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