Unit 4 知识梳理综合练 2025-2026学年外研版七年级英语下册

该初中英语Unit 4知识清单系统梳理了核心词汇用法、语法及句型。从imagine、alone等词汇辨析，到invite、stop等动词固定搭配，再到祈使句、动词-ing作主语等句型，构建从基础词汇到语法应用的学习支架。 知识链路按“词汇用法-语法规则-句型应用”逻辑展开，每个考点配情境应用习题，通过对比表格、口诀助记提升思维品质，多样题型强化语言能力，助力学生掌握科学学习方法，形成完整知识框架。

Unit 4教材知识点详解 考点1 imagine 的用法 imagine v.想象 +(sb.)doing sth. 想象(某人)做某事 +从句 想象…… 同义词:picture v. 【例句】 We can’t imagine living without the Web. 我们无法想象没有网络的生活。 Close your eyes and imagine(that) you are in a forest. 闭上你的眼睛，设想自己在森林里。 【情境应用】 1. —I’m looking forward to visiting the wonderful tourist attraction (旅游胜地)！ —Me too.Just ______! We’ll see the main sights (风景) of the world in just one day. A.wish B. support C. imagine D. solve 2. Tom imagines ______ (be) a teacher when he grows up. 3. 你可以设想一下未来你要做什么。 You can______ you will do in the future. 4.We depend on the Internet so much that it’s hard for us to imagine ______ a life without it. A. live B. lives C. living D. to live 考点2 alone 的用法 alone adj.单独的；独自的 作为形容词，意为“单独的；独自的” 表示某种状态或行为是单独进行的 lonely adj. 意为“寂寞的；孤独的” 【例句】 He lives alone. 他独居独处。 He was alone at home.他独自一人在家里。 【知识拓展】 alone 和 lonely 作形容词时的区别 词条：alone 用法：表示“单独的；独自的”，指某人或某物独自存在，没有同伴或助手，一般不具有感情色彩，在句中只用作表语 词条：lonely 用法：表示“寂寞的；孤独的”，指心灵上的孤独，具有伤感色彩 【情境应用】 用 alone 或 lonely 完成句子 1. Now I am not ______ in junior high because I made many new friends. 2. When you are ______, you are not with any other people. 3. After Grandma died last year, Grandpa lives ______ in the countryside and he always feels ______, so we should often visit him. 考点3 bored 的用法 bored 作形容词，意为“厌烦的；烦闷的”。常见搭配： be/get/feel bored(with...) 意为“（对……）感到厌烦/无聊”。 Eg：Some young people feel bored with some short videos.一些年轻人对一些短视频感到厌倦。 【知识拓展】 辨析 bored 与 boring bored为形容词，意为“厌烦的；烦闷的” 用法：属于-ed 形容词，常用于修饰人，指人的感受 boring为形容词，表示“没趣的；令人厌倦的” 用法：属于-ing 形容词，常用于修饰物，指事物本身的性质 【情境应用】 1. 用 bored 或 boring 完成句子 (1)When I was learning Spanish, I was ______ with the text in the textbook. (2)His speech was ______ so that lots of people fell asleep. 2. —Which film do you like best? —Neither of them.They are both long and ______. A.boring B. bored C.interesting D. interested 考点4 invite 的用法 invite v. 邀请 +sb.to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 +sb.to sp. 邀某人去某地 名词.invitation 邀请(函) 【例句】 We invited him to join us to practice speaking English. 我们邀请他加入我们练习说英语。 Who did you invite to the party? 你邀请了谁来参加聚会？ We need to do a number of things this year. 我们今年需要做许多事情。 The number of the wounded is more than 100. 受伤人数是 100 多。 【拓展】含 invitation 的常用短语 make an invitation 提出/发出邀请 accept an invitation 接受邀请 decline/refuse an invitation 婉拒/拒绝邀请 【情境应用】 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1、John:Hey, Michael, I want to invite you 1. ______ (visit) my new house. Michael:Thanks for your 2. ______ (invite). 2、 I'm glad to get your ______ to spend vacation with you. A. invite B. invitation C. invites D. inviting 3、 Thanks a lot for ______ me ______ your dancing party. A. invite; for B. invite; to C. inviting; for D. inviting; to 4、Amy had a birthday party last Saturday and she _____________ (invite) us to join in it. 5、 My friend in England invited me _____________ (come) over to his country last winter. 6、How will you reply to your new neighbor's __________ (invite) of the housewarming party(乔迁派对)? 考点5 辨析 a number of 和 the number of a number of +名词复数 意为“许多；大量” 用法：中心词是所修饰的名词，谓语动词用复数形式；number 可以用 large,small, great 等词修饰 the number of +名词复数 意为“……的数量” 用法：中心词是 number，谓语动词用单数形式 【情境应用】 1. Look! There ______ a number of birds in the trees. The number of them ______ about 200. A.is; is B. are; are C.is; are D. are; is 2. A number of sheep ______ (eat) grass on the grassland. 3. 这个小男孩读了大量关于历史的书籍。 The little boy read______ books about history. 考点6 stop 的用法 stop doing sth. 停下来在正在做的事情 stop to do sth. 停下现在正在做的事情去做另外一件事情 【例句】 I need to stop eating junk food. 我需要停止吃垃圾食品。 She stopped to listen to the teacher. 她停下来听老师讲话。 【情境应用】 1. 天太热了，我们停下来休息一下吧。 It’s too hot. Let’s stop ______. 2. 别看电视了，你妹妹在睡觉呢。 Stop _____________. Your sister is sleeping. 考点7 able 的用法 But we should be able to play hard, too. 但是我们也应该要玩得痛快。 点拨： be able to 表示“能够”，相当于 can，常用来表示 can 不能表达的将来时或完成时的情况，可用于各种时态。 例句 He will be able to finish reading the book next week. 他下周将能读完这本书。 易混辨析 can/be able to (1) can“能”，表示过去或现在“能力所及”时，与 be able to 通用。 He can / is able to speak German. 他会说德语。 I could / was able to run very fast when I was a boy. 我小时候就能够跑得很快。 (2) be able to 的过去式还可表示一种“经过努力做到了”的意思。而 can 的过去式则没有这种意义。 He started late, but he was able to catch the train. 他出发晚了，但他还是赶上了火车。 (3) can 通常只用于过去或现在两种时态，而 be able to 则可用于各种时态。 He has not been able to come since he got hurt. 自从受伤以后，他就一直未能前来。 (4) 在表示猜测时，只能用 can，而不能用 be able to。 That can’t be your bag. 那不可能是你的书包。 【情境应用】 1. —Will you be there? —I’m not sure. I don’t know if I ______ come. A. was able to B. can be able C. have been able to D. will be able to 2. Tom ______ jump into the sea before the boat turned over. A. can B. could C. be able to D. was able to 3. You will ______ take a holiday after the exams. A. can B. could C. be able to D. are able to 考点8 take over 的用法 But soon, the monster takes over. 但是很快,这个怪兽就会控制我们。 take over 意为“接管,取得对……的控制”。 【例句】 In the novel, robots take over the world. 在这部小说中,机器人控制了整个世界。 【情境应用】 罗伯特的老板认为他是接管这项工作的最佳人选。 Robert’s boss decided that he was the ideal person to ______ ______ ______ ______. 考点9 miss out 的用法 We miss out on sweet moments with loved ones. 我们错过了与亲人在一起的甜蜜时刻。 miss out 意为“错失机会”,后面常跟 on 表示某个具体的机会。 【例句】 He narrowly missed out on the world record. 他险些打破世界纪录。 【情境应用】 在非洲贫穷地区的孩子们没有机会上学。 The children in the poorest areas ______ ______ ______ opportunities to go to school in Africa. 考点10 remember 和 too much 的用法 Just remember, too much fun also makes Jack a dull boy! 记住，光玩耍也会让聪明孩子变傻！ 【辨析】remember to do sth. 与 remember doing sth. 考点 含义及用法 例句 remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事，说明事情还没有做，相当于 don’t forget to do sth. Remember to telephone me when you arrive there. 当你到那里的时候，记着打电话给我。 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事，说明事情已经做过 I remember seeing her in the city. 我记得在这个城市见过她。 【辨析】too many, too much 与 much too too many 太多 其后要接可数名词复数形式 There are too many flowers in the garden. 花园里的花太多了。 too much 太多 后接不可数名词，还可修饰动词作状语 I have too much homework this evening. 今天晚上我的家庭作业太多了。 He talks too much. 他说得太多了。 口诀助记 too many, too much 与 much too 的用法 too much; much too 去掉前词看后头；much 可接不可数，有时也可用作副；too 则修饰形或副。too many 请记住，其后名词必复数。 【情境应用】 1. Remember ______ (return) this book to the library tomorrow. 2. I remember ______ (see) him once. But I can’t remember where I saw him. 3. 用 too much, too many, much too 完成句子。 (1) His son has poor eyesight because he plays ______ computer games. (2) I have ______ rules in my home and my mother asks me to do ______ homework, so I’m ______ tired now. 考点11 how often 的用法 How often do you do them? 你多久做一次（这些活动）？ 点拨 How often 意为“多久一次”，用来询问动作发生的频率。回答“how often”常用 always, usually, sometimes, hardly ever, never 等频度副词或 once / twice / three times a week 等频度短语。 【例句】 —How often does your sister watch TV? —She watches TV once a week. 她一周看一次电视。 【情境应用】 1、 —How often does your sister watch TV? 2、 —She watches TV ______ ______ ______ (一周一次). 2、用 take over, miss out, remember, how often 填空。 (1) If you don’t hurry, you will ______ ______ the last bus. (2) ______ ______ do you go to the library? (3) She ______ ______ the company after her father retired. (4) Don’t forget ______ ______ (call) me when you arrive. (5) I ______ ______ (visit) Paris last year. It was amazing! 考点12 moment /ˈməʊmənt/ n.某一时刻；片刻；瞬间 [词汇拓展] momentary (adj.)短促的；短暂的；片刻的 [词汇搭配] a moment of joy 欢乐时刻；at the moment 现在；此刻wait a moment 稍等一会儿 【情境应用】 1、Look! Ericson is in the garden. He ________ his flowers at the moment. A．waters B．is watering C．watered D．was watering 2、— Shall we go shopping now? — Sorry, it’s just not the right ________. I’m busy with my work. A．weather B．place C．moment D．way 二、重难句型解析 1、(教材原句)Just picture yourself watching a funny film on that island. 想象一下你在那个岛上观看一部滑稽的电影。 这是一个动词原型开头的祈使句，句中picture用作动词，表示“想象，设想”，常用于“picture+宾语+动词-ing(想象..做...)”结构。 【情境应用】 ①________ your hands before meals. It’s a good habit. A．Wash B．Washing C．To wash D．Washed ②Tom, ________ down the radio. Don’t keep it so loud. A．turning B．turn C．turns D．to turn 2、(教材原句)Sitting under the trees will not be boring at all. 坐在树下一点儿也不会无聊。 (教材原句)Having fun is a good way to connect with others. 娱乐是与人建立联系的好方法。 这两个句子都是动词-ing形式作主语。单个的动词-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 【情境应用】 ①________ enough vegetables and fruit every day often keeps us healthy. A．Eat B．Eating C．Ate D．Eats ②Going to bed early ________ good for your body. A．is B．are C．was D．were 3、(教材原句)Fun also keeps us feeling youthful. 娱乐也会让我们感觉年轻。 keep us feeling youthful中us是宾语，feeling youthful是宾语补足语。“keep sb. doing...”意为“使某人一直做...”。 Don’t keep the water running when you are not using it.不用水的时候，别让它一直流着。 【情境应用】 I’m sorry to keep you ________ a long time. A．wait B．waited C．waiting D．to wait 4、(教材原句)As George Bernard Shaw once said, “We don't stop playing because we grow old;we grow old because we stop playing.”正如萧伯纳曾经说过的：“我们不是因为变老了才停止玩耍，而是因为不再玩耍才变老。” 此句中as引导一个定语从句，as意为“正如...”。 常见相同结构的句型有： As we all know, ... （众所周知...） As ... point out,...（正如...指出的） As ... expected,... (正如...预料的) As we expected, Linda won the first place in the singing competition. 正如我们所料，琳达在歌唱比赛中获得了第一名。 【翻译句子】 众所周知，做运动能让我们保持健康。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 正如妈妈总是告诉我，未雨绸缪是个好主意。 ____________________________________________________________________________ 5、(教材原句)Research also shows that fun brings people closer.研究也表明，娱乐活动能拉近人与人之间的距离。 此句中that fun ....closer 是that引导的宾语从句，作show后的宾语。that引导宾语从句时，that没有含义，也不作任何成分，一般可以省略。 He told me that he would take part in the activity with us. 他告诉我他会和我们一起参加活动。 6、(教材原句)Don't forget to take some time out to have fun and enjoy life! 别忘了花点儿时间出去玩，享受生活！ 此句中是一个否定形式的祈使句。否定的祈使句常用“Don’t+动词原形”开头，有时也用“No+doing /n.”结构。 Don’t swim here.不要在这游泳。 No smoking. 禁止抽烟。 No photos. 禁止拍照。 【翻译句子】 课堂上别拍照。 ___________________________________________ 禁止钓鱼! _____________________________________________ 三、复习巩固练习 1、The internet is so closely connected with our daily life. Can you ________ a life without it? A．understand B．imagine C．wonder D．remember 2、Nowadays, young people can’t imagine _____ in the modern society with no phones or Internet. A． live B．lives C．to live D．Living 3、This old lady lived ________ on a ________ island, but she didn’t feel ________. A．alone; lonely; lonely B．lonely; alone; lonely C．lonely; lonely; alone D．alone; lonely; alone 4、—How was your weekend? —It was ________. Too much homework made me ________. A．boring, boring B．bored, bored C．boring, bored D．bored, boring 5、We were all ________ with the ________ film. A．bored; bored B．boring; boring C．bored; boring D．boring; bored 6、Steve invited me ________ a movie about the Tibetan antelope (藏羚羊) with him last night. A．watch B．to watch C．watching D．watched 7、—Why not ________ them ________ the party? —OK. That’s a good idea. A．invite; for B．invite; to C．inviting; for D．to invite; to 8、—We all know that ________ wild animals are in danger now because of human activities. —Yes,and ________ these animals is becoming smaller and smaller every year. A．the number of; the number of B．the number of; a number of C．a number of; a number of D．a number of; the number of 9、The boy is good at music, and he is to play three kinds of instruments. 10、You hard work will you to realize your dreams.  11、Many people cannot move their hands. They find it hard to type on a computer.  12、AI can also help people with hearing problems or people who are to speak the local (当地的) language. 13、Everyone is born with the to learn. 四、语法——祈使句 概述 用来表示请求、命令、劝告、建议、警告等的句子。 （主语 you 通常被省略，谓语动词没有人称、数和时态的变化） 句式 肯定祈使句 1. 动词原形 + 其它. Come here. Be careful. 2. Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它. Let's go home. 否定祈使句 1. Don't + 动词原形 + 其它. Don't go there, please. 2. Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它. Let him not go. 3. Don't let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它. Don’t let him go. 4. No + 名词/ 动名词. No photos! No parking! 单项选择 1．—________waste water while washing vegetables.—OK, and I’ll collect it for plants. A．Don’t B．Doesn’t C．Didn’t 2．________ wear a cap in class. We should follow the rules. A．Can’t B．Don’t C．No D．Doesn’t 3．—Jack, ________ play music here. We are talking on the phone now. —Sorry mom. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．doesn’t D．don’t 4．—Don’t ________ with your classmates in class.—Sorry, I won’t do it again. A．talks B．talk C．talking D．talked 5．To save elephants, let’s ________ anything made of ivory. A．buy B．not buy C．buying D．not buying 6．Peter, ________ eat in class and we ________ eat in the classroom. A．can’t; can’t B．don’t; can’t C．don’t; not D．don’t; don’t 7．Don’t ________ the wild animals. A．hurt B．hurts C．hurting 8．________ listen to music in class. A．Not B．No C．Don’t D．Doesn’t 9．—Daniel, ________ run in the hallways.—Sorry, Ms Wang. A．not B．don’t C．doesn’t 10．________ in the library. It’s a place for reading and studying. A．Not talking B．No talk C．Don’t talk 11．—Mary, slow down! ________ run in the hallways!   —Sorry, Ms Smith. A．Can’t B．Don’t C．Doesn’t 12．Tom, ________ down the radio. Don’t keep it so loud. A．turning B．turn C．turns D．to turn 13．Don’t run in the hallways, ________ our head teacher will be angry with you. A．and B．or C．but 14．—________ careful not to play with fire. It’s not safe.—Sorry, I won’t do it again. A．Being B．To be C．Be 15．________ absent from school without a good reason. A．Not be B．Don’t be C．Don’t 五、综合练 根据句意及提示完成句子。 1. Sometimes I enjoy being _________（单独）at home. 2. Using AI _______ （工具）in the right way can help us to work better. 3. I memorize words by making vocabulary _______ （清单）. 4. It is difficult ___________ （想象）our lives without the sun. 5. To our surprise, the little boy can _______ （举起）the heavy stone easily. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. It was difficult for him to make a _________ (choose). 2. — Look at the sign! It says “No Smoking”! — Sorry, I _____________ (not notice) it! 3. Parents’ love encourages us __________ (solve) the difficulties in our lives. 4. It’s important to express our feelings __________ (proper). 5.People in Western countries cook ___________ (potato) in many ways. 6. Stop ________ (work) and let’s have a rest. 7. Lao She wrote many plays, _________ (novel) and short stories about people’s lives. 8. I like green best, because it’s _________ (youth) and hopeful. 9.There’re all kinds of books and ____________ (magazine) in the library. 用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空。 fun, something, wait, bore, might 1. There is ___________ wrong with my teeth. 2. Jim told a __________ story and made us laugh. 3. Don’t keep me __________ for too long at the station. 4. You _________ feel hungry if you don’t have enough breakfast. 5. At first, I liked playing the piano, but now I’m ________ with it. 用适当的冠词或介词完成句子。 1. My father turns _______ his computer for work. 2. I am writing a report _________ school rules. 3. Teenagers shouldn’t go out at night ________ telling their parents. 4. She makes us fall in love with English in ________ interesting way. 5. Today they are going to talk __________ good ways to learn Chinese. 句子翻译，每空词数不限。 1. 在老师们的帮助下，我们终于完成了工作。 We finished the work our ______________ teachers at last. 2. 周末为什么不去打篮球呢？Why not play basketball _______________ ? 3. 最初她喜欢这本书，但很快就失去了兴趣。 She liked the book _________ , but soon lost interest. 4. 我觉得社交媒体是联系人的一种方便的方式。 I think ____________ is a convenient way of connecting people. 5. 孩子必须远离垃圾食品。Kids must __________ from junk food. 6. 看电视很容易消耗我们的时间。Watching TV can _________________ easily. 7. 我经常沉浸在一本好书中，忘记了时间。 ____________________________________________________________________ 阅读理解。 What do you usually do in your free time? Last month we asked 100 students about their free time activities. Here are the results. 1. How many students sometimes watch TV? A. About 3. B. About 24. C. About 33. D. About 40. 2 According to the second chart（图表）, ______ of the students surf the Internet every day. A.4% B. 48% C. 26% D. 22% 3. Which activities does everybody take part in? A. ①③ B. ①④ C. ②④ D. ③④ 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the survey（调查）? A. They did the survey among 200 students. B. The survey is about students’ study. C. About 27% of the students exercise once or twice a week. D. Four students never do housework. 阅读理解。 Hobbies are a way of making friends. Starting a new school term is always exciting. It is a chance to see your friends again. But most exciting of all, the new term is a chance to take up new hobbies. It is common in the UK for students to take up new hobbies after the Christmas holidays. Most schools offer different kinds of hobby classes. Students take them in their free time or after school. Some classes you have to pay for and others are free. For example, I once took a free Wednesday evening gymnastics class. But when I learned how to play the drum, my parents had to pay for the lessons. The most popular extra（额外的） classes at my school were piano lessons and the drama club. Both classes offered exams students could take. Students with many hobbies sometimes felt more stressed （压力）than those without any. But the students with hobbies left school with many extra skills, so it is easy for them to get into the society. I took up many hobbies at school, but I haven’t continued any of them. I have never regretted （ 后悔） taking them. I met my best friend in my gymnastics class. 1. What time can students take part in the hobby classes according to the passage? A. From morning to afternoon. B. In their school time. C. In their spare time. D. On Wednesday evening. 2. What were the most popular extra classes at the writer’s school? A. Piano lessons and the drama club. B. Gymnastics classes and drum classes. C. Piano lessons and art lessons. D. Drum classes and the drama club. 3. The underlined sentence shows that _________. A. hobbies are very useful and helpful B. it is not good for you to learn extra skills C. you are the best if you take hobby classes D. the more hobbies you have, the better you are 4. We can know from the passage that the writer______. A. paid for all her hobby lessons B. regrets taking hobby lessons C. continues with her childhood hobbies today D. met her best friend in hobby classes 5. The best title for this passage is “ ________”. A. Never give up your hobbies B. Everyone should have a hobby C. Hobbies play an important role in our life D. Taking up new hobbies is a way to make friends 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $