精品解析：北京市中关村中学2025-2026学年第二学期阶段调研 初二英语

北京市中关村中学2025-2026学年第二学期期中调研 初二英语 考试时间：90分钟 满分：100分 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上。 2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。非选择题用黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡指定区域内。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分（30分） 一、听后选择（每小题1.5分，共9分） 听下面几段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有两个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 请听一段对话，完成第1至第2小题。 1. What is wrong with Helen? A. She has a fever. B. She has a sore throat. C. She has a stomachache. 2. What should Helen do? A. Wear a mask and drink water. B. Take medicine and eat mild food. C. Get an X- ray and rest for a few days. 请听一段对话，完成第3至第4小题。 3. Where did the man go for a trip? A. He went to the Victoria Falls. B. He went to the Great Barrier Reef. C. He went to the East African Rift Valley. 4. What does the woman think of the trip? A. It’s tiring. B. It’s boring. C. It’s magical. 请听一段独白，完成第5至第6小题。 5. What can we learn from the speech? A. We can ask AI for help if necessary. B. We should take good care of ourselves. C. We have to keep our problems to ourselves. 6. Why does the speaker give the speech? A. To explain what causes stress. B. To offer advice on reducing stress. C. To encourage people to exercise more. 二、听后回答（每小题2分，共12分） 听对话，根据对话内容笔头回答问题。每段对话你将听两遍。 请听一段对话，完成第7小题。 7. What should Jeff do to stop his nose bleeding? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 请听一段对话，完成第8小题。 8. How does Chen Jie relax in her free time? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 请听一段对话，完成第9小题。 9. What is David’s favorite food in Guilin? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 请听一段对话，完成第10小题。 10. Who gave the guitar to Peter? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 请听一段对话，完成第11至第12小题。 11. How was Emma’s instructor? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. What will Emma do next month? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 三、听后转写（9分） 听短文，补全横线上的信息，并写出短文的主要内容。短文的开头已经给出。请注意语法正确，语意连贯。短文将连续播放三遍。 13. I’ve got some information about ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二部分（50分） 四、单项填空（每小题1分，共8分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Mr. Wang enjoys ________ a lot when he helps his students and we all like him. A. his B. he C. him D. himself 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：王先生在帮助学生时过得非常愉快，我们都喜欢他。 his他的；he他；him他；himself他自己。固定搭配enjoy oneself意为“过得愉快”，主语Mr. Wang是男性，故反身代词用himself。 2. ________ 1975, another Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to do research. A. At B. To C. On D. In 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：在1975 年，另一支中国登山队登上珠穆朗玛峰顶去做研究。 At在（具体时刻）；To到；On在（具体某一天）；In在（年份、月份、季节等）。根据“1975”可知，年份前应用介词in。 3. —I hurt my leg when I fell off my bike. —Be more careful next time. If we are not careful, we ________ easily hurt ourselves. A. should B. must C. can D. need 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我骑自行车摔下来时伤了腿。——下次小心点。如果我们不小心，我们可能容易伤到自己。 should应该；must必须；can可能；need需要。根据“If we are not careful”可知，此处表示在不小心的情况下，受伤是一种客观可能性。can在此处表示理论上的可能性，符合语境。 4. The Sahara Desert is ________ desert in the world. A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。 big大的；bigger更大的；biggest最大的；the biggest最大的。根据“in the world”可知，是在世界范围内进行比较，应用形容词最高级，且形容词最高级修饰名词时前需加定冠词the。 5. We won’t know how he feels ________ we talk to him. A. but B. until C. so that D. because 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：直到我们和他交谈，我们才会知道他的感受。 but但是；until直到……为止；so that以便；because因为。根据“We won’t know...we talk to him”可知，此处构成“not...until...”固定搭配，意为“直到……才……"，表示直到和他谈话后才会知道他的感受。 6. —What did your swimming instructor say when you first learned to swim? —She told me ________ practicing and I did. Now I can swim well. A. to keep B. keep C. keeping D. kept 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——当你第一次学游泳时，你的游泳教练说了什么？——她告诉我坚持练习，我照做了。现在我能游得很好了。 to keep保持（动词不定式）；keep保持（动词原形）；keeping保持（现在分词/动名词）；kept保持（过去式/过去分词）。固定搭配tell sb. to do sth.意为“告诉某人做某事”，told me后接动词不定式作宾语补足语。应填to keep。 7. Last Saturday, Mark became allergic to peanuts and his dad ________ him to the hospital. A. take B. took C. takes D. taking 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：上周六，马克变得对花生过敏，他的爸爸带他去了医院。 take带（动词原形）；took带（过去式）；takes带（第三人称单数）；taking带（现在分词）。根据时间状语“Last Saturday”及前半句谓语“became”可知，句子描述过去发生的动作，应使用一般过去时。故选B。 8. It’s normal to get mad at others from time to time. Try taking a deep breath, and that ________ you an opportunity to calm down. A. give B. giving C. gives D. gave 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：偶尔对别人生气是正常的。试着深呼吸，那给你一个冷静下来的机会。 根据“Try taking a deep breath, and that...”可知，后半句陈述一般事实或结果，应用一般现在时；主语“that”是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式gives。 五、短文填空（每小题1分，共8分） 第一节 阅读下面短文，在方框内选择最佳选项将短文补充完整。其中有2个多余选项。 A. suffer from B. cook C. on fire D. red E. stopped short F. harm James lived in the city with his friend Allen and they enjoyed learning how to do many things themselves. One Saturday, James decided to ____9____ some fried chicken. He poured oil into a pan and turned on the stove. Suddenly, he heard Allen come home happily. They started talking about a football game. Soon, they smelled something burning. The pan was ____10____! James turned off the stove, but a flame jumped onto his shirt. He threw himself to the floor and rolled to put out the fire. Allen wanted to get water, but he ____11____. He remembered from his first aid class that water can make oil fires worse. Instead, he used a fire extinguisher. James’s arm was ____12____ but not badly hurt. He said sadly, “Let’s eat out tonight. Anything but fried chicken.” 【答案】9. B 10. C 11. E 12. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了James在家尝试做炸鸡时因疏忽导致油锅起火，最终在朋友的帮助下成功灭火的故事。 【9题详解】 句意：一个星期六，James决定做一些炸鸡。根据后文“some fried chicken”可知，此处表示做炸鸡，cook意为“烹饪”，符合语境。 【10题详解】 句意：平底锅着火了！根据前文“they smelled something burning”及后文“James turned off the stove, but a flame jumped onto his shirt”可知，锅里的油着火了，on fire意为“着火”，符合语境。 【11题详解】 句意：Allen想去取水，但他突然停了下来。根据后文“He remembered from his first aid class that water can make oil fires worse”可知，他想起水会让油着火更严重，所以停了下来，stopped short意为“突然停下”，符合语境。 【12题详解】 句意：James的手臂红了，但伤得不重。根据前文火焰跳到他的衬衫上以及后文“but not badly hurt”可知，他的手臂被火烤红了，red意为“红色的”，符合语境。 第二节 阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处填写1个恰当的英文单词，在给出提示词的空白处填写该词的正确形式。 Located in Siberia, Russia, Lake Baikal is one of the world’s most famous lakes. It is the ____13____ (deep) freshwater lake in the world. ____14____ reach the bottom, you must dive 1620 meters! It is also larger than most other lakes. Its surface ____15____ (cover) 31500 square kilometers. That is bigger than the country of Belgium! Lake Baikal is cold most of the year. But over 1200 different ____16____ (type) of animals can still survive in this environment. Today, the lake still attracts many curious travelers. After all, it is a great natural wonder! 【答案】13. deepest 14. To 15. covers 16. types 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了贝加尔湖作为世界上最深的淡水湖的相关地理特征。 【13题详解】 句意：它是世界上最深的淡水湖。根据空前的“the”及空后的“in the world”可知，此处应用形容词最高级，deep的最高级为deepest“最深的”。 【14题详解】 句意：要到达湖底，你必须潜水1620米。前一分句表示目的，应用不定式作目的状语，因此填入“To”，句首单词首字母大写。 【15题详解】 句意：它的表面覆盖了31500平方公里。句子描述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语“surface”为第三人称单数，cover应用第三人称单数形式covers“覆盖”。 【16题详解】 句意：但是超过1200种不同的动物仍然能够在这种环境中生存。“over 1200 different”后接可数名词复数，type的复数形式为types“种类”。 六、完形填空（每小题1分，共8分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 When I was in seventh grade, a group of us who loved soccer came together. We called ourselves “The Crazy Footballers.” After school, we would race to the field, playing until the sun set. Those afternoon matches were the highlight of my day. However, our connection on the field didn’t last long. Things began to ____17____ after two months. As soon as school ended, instead of heading to the field, my group of friends would gather in a corner, ____18____ their phones for mobile games. The teamwork from the soccer field was replaced by the silence of a digital game. The situation grew worse when I realized their phone gaming often turned into ____19____ copying each other’s homework. What troubled me most was their talk about material things. They would ____20____ the newest, most expensive sneaker shoes, comparing prices as if it were the most important thing in the world. I felt increasingly disconnected. Soccer was our shared love, but it now seemed like just a(an) ____21____ from their real interests: gaming, cheating, and bragging (自夸). A mental war began inside me. I loved playing soccer with them, but I couldn’t stand the way they cheated others and themselves. I didn’t want to be like them. After weeks of struggle (挣扎), I made a difficult decision. I stopped waiting for them and started practicing soccer alone. Being alone made me ____22____, but it felt better than the loneliness I felt while with them. Besides soccer, I also threw myself into my studies. I was wrong to think they wouldn’t notice. One afternoon, they got close to me on the field. One of them said," We noticed you had been away from us for quite a while. Things haven’t felt right. We forgot why we became friends — it was for soccer. We’re sorry." Their apology was a turning point. We agreed to leave the phone games behind. Our renewed ____23____ started to present in our attitudes toward schoolwork, as we began encouraging each other to study harder. The ____24____ of choosing what’s right over what’s popular is valuable. True friends are those who grow with you, not those who distract you. 17. A. stay B. change C. grow D. increase 18. A. controlling B. breaking C. throwing D. avoiding 19. A. patiently B. secretly C. proudly D. nervously 20. A. show off B. take back C. deal with D. give up 21. A. solution B. award C. break D. achievement 22. A. scared B. curious C. joyful D. uneasy 23. A. confidence B. freedom C. victory D. unity 24. A. habit B. reason C. lesson D. memory 【答案】17. B 18. A 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. D 23. D 24. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者和热爱足球的伙伴曾因沉迷手机、抄作业、攀比物质而疏远，作者选择坚持自我独自练球，最终伙伴醒悟道歉，大家重拾足球初心、互相鼓励共同成长的故事。 【17题详解】 句意：两个月后，情况开始发生变化。根据后文“instead of heading to the field, my group of friends would gather in a corner”可知，朋友们不再去球场踢球，而是聚在一起玩手机，说明情况发生了改变。应选用change，表示“变化”。stay表示“停留”，grow表示“成长”，increase表示“增加”，均不符合语境。 【18题详解】 句意：放学后，他们不再去球场，而是聚在角落里玩手机游戏。control their phones表示“操控手机、低头看手机”，符合沉迷游戏的状态；breaking表示“打破”，throwing表示“扔”，avoiding表示“避免”，均不符合语境。 【19题详解】 句意：我意识到她们玩手机游戏常常演变成秘密抄袭彼此的作业。根据后文“copying each other’s homework”可知，抄袭作业是不想让别人知道的行为。应选用secretly，表示“秘密地”，符合语境。patiently表示“耐心地”，proudly表示“骄傲地”，nervously表示“紧张地”，均不符合抄袭作业的行为特点。 【20题详解】 句意：她们会炫耀最新、最贵的运动鞋，比较价格，好像那是世界上最重要的事情。根据后文“comparing prices as if it were the most important thing”可知，朋友们在攀比物质。应选用show off，表示“炫耀”，符合语境。take back表示“收回”，deal with表示“处理”，give up表示“放弃”，均不符合句意。 【21题详解】 句意：足球现在似乎只是她们真正兴趣之外的休息时间。根据前文“Soccer was our shared love”及后文“from their real interests: gaming, cheating, and bragging”可知，足球已不再是她们真正的兴趣，而只是短暂的活动。应选用break，表示“休息/间断”，符合语境。solution表示“解决方案”，award表示“奖励”，achievement表示“成就”，均不符合。 【22题详解】 句意：独自一人让我感到不安，但这比和她们在一起时感到的孤独要好。根据前文“Being alone”及后文“but it felt better than the loneliness I felt while with them”可知，独自一人让作者感到不舒服。应选用uneasy，表示“不安的”，符合语境。scared表示“害怕的”，curious表示“好奇的”，joyful表示“快乐的”，均与后文loneliness的对比不符。 【23题详解】 句意：我们重拾的团结开始体现在我们对学业的态度上，因为我们开始互相鼓励更努力地学习。根据前文作者离开朋友们独自练习，后来朋友们道歉并同意放下手机游戏，大家重新走到一起。应选用unity，表示“团结/一致”，符合语境。confidence表示“信心”，freedom表示“自由”，victory表示“胜利”，均不符合。 【24题详解】 句意：选择正确而非随波逐流的教训是宝贵的。根据全文作者的经历，他从与朋友们的疏离到最终和解并共同进步，从中领悟到了一个道理。应选用lesson，表示“教训/道理”，符合语境。habit表示“习惯”，reason表示“原因”，memory表示“记忆”，均不符合。 七、阅读理解（每小题2分，共26分） 第一节 A 阅读下面项目介绍，请根据人物喜好匹配合适的学习项目，并将其对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应的位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Our school will organize different after-school clubs and every student can join us. There will be many wonderful activities for you. Come and join us! A Calligraphy Club Do you love traditional Chinese culture? Learn basic brush strokes and appreciate famous works. It helps you calm down. We have professional guidance every week. Email Mr. Li at calli@163.com for more information. B Programming Club Want to create your own games and animations? Join us to learn Python and Scratch. Develop logical thinking and solve interesting problems. No experience needed. Contact us via WeChat: CodeFun 123 to sign up. C Dance Club Love dancing? We offer hip-hop, Latin, and modern dance classes. Improve your coordination and expressiveness. Regular performance opportunities. Find Ms. Zhang in Room 201. D Painting Club If you enjoy expressing ideas with colors and lines, this is for you. Learn sketching, watercolor, acrylics and more. Paint what you see and imagine. Contact Ms. Wang at paint@126.com. ____25____ Tom: I’m really into computer programming. I like playing computer games and I also want to try making my own games. ____26____ Lucy: I’m an active person and I love dancing to music. I hope to perform on stage one day. ____27____ Mike: I’m interested in traditional art. I often enjoy looking at calligraphy works and I’d like to learn to write beautiful characters. 【答案】25. B 26. C 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，左栏是三位同学的兴趣爱好，右栏是四个课后学习社团的介绍，需根据个人喜好匹配合适的社团。 【25题详解】 根据“Tom: I’m really into computer programming. I like playing computer games and I also want to try making my own games”可知，汤姆对计算机编程很感兴趣，喜欢玩电脑游戏并且想尝试制作自己的游戏。选项B“编程社：想要创造你自己的游戏和动画吗？加入我们学习Python和Scratch，培养逻辑思维，解决有趣的问题，不需要经验”，完全符合汤姆学习编程、制作游戏的需求。 【26题详解】 根据“Lucy: I’m an active person and I love dancing to music. I hope to perform on stage one day”可知，露西性格活泼，喜欢跟着音乐跳舞，希望有一天能在舞台上表演。选项C“舞蹈社：喜欢跳舞吗？我们提供街舞、拉丁舞和现代舞课程，提升协调性和表现力，有定期的表演机会”，满足露西学习跳舞、登台表演的愿望。 【27题详解】 根据“Mike: I’m interested in traditional art. I often enjoy looking at calligraphy works and I’d like to learn to write beautiful characters”可知，迈克对传统艺术感兴趣，喜欢欣赏书法作品，想学习写出好看的字。选项A“书法社：你热爱中国传统文化吗？学习基础笔法，欣赏名家作品，帮助你静下心来，每周有专业指导”，与迈克学习书法的爱好高度匹配。 第二节 B Zhang Ming was an eighth-grade student who thought school was just a game of fact memorization. He often skipped homework to watch videos on his phone, asking, “When will I ever use the school knowledge in real life?” His grades were always near the bottom of the class. That winter, his older cousin was choosing high school courses. During a family dinner, Zhang Ming’s parents asked his opinion. He opened his mouth — then closed it. He didn’t understand any of the course names, let alone which led to which careers (职业). He sat silently while his cousin listened carefully and made his own decision. Later, a robotics competition team posted tryout notices. Students who wanted to be in the tryout had to hand in a short essay explaining their interest. Zhang Ming loved making electronic machines, so he wanted to try. But when he sat down to write, his mind went blank. He couldn’t organize his thoughts. Finally, he didn’t hand in anything. The worst moment came when his best friend started a small online resale business. He asked if Zhang Ming wanted to join. They would need to decide what to sell, how to price things, and when to invest money. “You’re good with people,” his friend said. But Zhang Ming couldn’t compare goods or think ahead. He watched his friend build something from nothing while he stood on the sidelines. That night, Zhang Ming lay on his bed and thought hard. School wasn’t just about memorizing facts for tests. Every worksheet, every discussion, every group project was practice for thinking clearly when it matters. The kids who paid attention weren’t just getting grades. They were building the mental muscles to make choices when no textbook held the answers. He finally understood: learning isn’t blind memorization. It’s about the process — training your mind so that when life puts big moments in front of you, you’re ready. 28. What was Zhang Ming’s attitude toward school in eighth grade? A. He found it boring but necessary. B. He worked hard to improve his grades. C. He enjoyed discussions with classmates. D. He thought it was just for memorizing facts. 29. What happened when Zhang Ming wrote for the robotics team tryout? A. He failed to express his thoughts. B. He asked his friend to help him write it. C. He realized his idea was not good enough. D. He wanted to take part in another competition. 30. What did Zhang Ming finally learn from his experiences? A. The process of learning matters the most. B. Success comes from natural talent, not effort. C. Friends are more helpful than teachers in life. D. School grades don’t decide future opportunities. 【答案】28. D 29. A 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了张明从轻视学习、认为上学只是记忆知识点，到经历几次挫折后明白学习意义的故事。 【28题详解】 文章第一段第一句“Zhang Ming was an eighth-grade student who thought school was just a game of fact memorization.”指出，他认为上学只是为了记忆事实。 【29题详解】 文章第三段第四句、第五句“But when he sat down to write, his mind went blank. He couldn’t organize his thoughts.”指出，他写的时候大脑一片空白，无法组织思路，最终什么也没交，说明他无法表达自己的想法。 【30题详解】 文章最后一段“He finally understood: learning isn’t blind memorization. It’s about the process—training your mind so that when life puts big moments in front of you, you’re ready.”指出，他最终明白学习不是盲目记忆，而是过程本身最重要。 C How Prediction Errors (偏差) Shape Memory Our memory is not fixed. It can change when we face something unexpected. This change is driven by a “prediction error” — a mismatch between what we expect and what actually happens. A recent study explored how the size of this error influences memory. Researchers asked people to listen to short, natural-sounding dialogues. Later, some of the dialogues were changed in the middle to create a prediction error. Some changes were very small, some were medium, and some were large. The scientists then tested how well people remembered the old form and the new, changed form. The results were surprising. Very small and very large prediction errors helped people remember the old and the new information clearly. Medium-sized errors, however, led to poorer memory for both forms. In addition, large prediction errors improved source memory — that is, remembering when or where the information was first heard. Brain scans gave further clues. When a large prediction error happened, the brain reactivated the old memory while hearing the new version. This process protected the old memory from being changed. However, medium-sized errors caused the old memory to be updated by mixing new information into it. As a result, the old memory became less steady (稳定的). In short, the size of a prediction error determines whether a memory is changed. When things go as expected (small error) or are completely different (large error), the old memory remains unchanged. When things are only somewhat different (medium error), the old memory is more likely to change. These findings may be useful in real life. For example, they could help witnesses (目击者) keep correct memories or help correct false news without harming the old information. Understanding prediction errors could also improve teaching methods by presenting new information in ways that either strengthen or carefully update what students already know. 31. How does error size influence memory? A. All error sizes affect memory in the same manner. B. Small and large errors improve memory performance. C. Medium errors help to keep the old memory unchanged. D. Large errors strengthen source memory but not detail memory. 32. What can we learn from the passage? A. Memory is fixed and cannot be changed by unexpected events. B. People were asked to listen to dialogues and recall them immediately. C. The brain changed the old memory while one heard the new dialogue. D. The size of prediction errors decides whether memory stays steady or updates. 33. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To prove that old and new memories can’t be trusted. B. To explain how the size of prediction errors affects memory. C. To describe a specific experiment on memory and brain scans. D. To argue that all sizes of prediction errors should be avoided in teaching. 【答案】31. B 32. D 33. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了预测误差对记忆的影响。研究发现，预测误差大小决定记忆是否改变：极小或极大的误差有助于清晰记住新旧信息，中等误差则导致记忆效果变差，且大误差能改善来源记忆。脑部扫描揭示了相关机制。这些发现有助于目击者保持准确记忆、纠正虚假信息，还能改进教学。 【31题详解】 原文第三段“Very small and very large prediction errors helped people remember the old and the new information clearly.”提到非常小和非常大的预测误差有助于人们清楚地记住新旧信息，从而提升记忆表现。 【32题详解】 原文第五段“In short, the size of a prediction error determines whether a memory is changed.”说明预测误差的大小决定记忆是否被改变、是否保持稳定。 【33题详解】 全文围绕主题“How Prediction Errors Shape Memory”展开，介绍实验、结果、脑部机制以及现实应用，核心是解释预测误差的大小如何影响记忆。 D When a bird flaps its wings, it pushes air away and creates turning flow patterns. These patterns can actually help other birds in the group fly more easily. This is an example of fluid (流体)-based interactions—movements that affect each other through the nearby fluid. Scientists find these interactions interesting but still don’t fully understand them, especially when rotating objects are included. To learn more, a team of researchers at New York University did a simple tabletop experiment. They placed two plastic cylinders (圆柱体) in a tank filled with a thick glycerol (甘油) water mixture. One cylinder was connected to a motor and could rotate. The other was free to turn on its own. They wanted to see how the rotating cylinder would affect the free one through the liquid (液体). What they found was surprising. They expected the free cylinder to turn in the opposite direction, like two gears locked together. But in many cases, the free cylinder turned in the same way as the driven one, which is called corotation. In fact, they saw three different kinds of corotation. Why did this happen? The researchers changed things like how fast the motor turned and how far apart the cylinders were. When the cylinders were very close, the liquid acted like a belt, pulling the free cylinder in the same direction as the driven one. When the cylinders were far apart, a small area of fluid between them turned in the opposite direction. That area acted like a third gear, making both cylinders turn the same way. Each mode of rotation came with its own special pattern of fluid flow. This discovery has both good and bad sides. On the one hand, it shows that fluid interactions are more complicated (复杂的) than scientists thought. This makes it harder to predict how rotating objects in fluids will behave. On the other hand, it can help improve real-world technologies, such as underwater robots. The researchers are now building computer models to better understand the fluid behavior. One researcher said, “Every setup gave us surprises.” In short, even simple rotating objects in a fluid can show unexpected behaviors—just like the air from a bird’s wings can help its group mates. 34. What does the word “corotation” most likely mean in the passage? A. Rotating at different speeds. B. Stopping rotation completely. C. Rotating in the same direction. D. Rotating in opposite directions. 35. What can we learn from the new research? A. The researchers saw only one kind of corotation. B. The free cylinder always turns in the opposite direction. C. The experiment has no connection to real-world technology. D. The distance between cylinders can change the rotation way. 36. Which is the best title of the passage? A. The Secret of Underwater Robots. B. How Birds Help Each Other Fly in the Sky. C. The Surprising Ways Cylinders Turn in Liquid. D. An Unexpected and Complicated Experiment with Liquid. 37. Which of the following might benefit from this discovery? A. Creating a material that can bear more pressure. B. Making the top of robots always turn in opposite directions. C. Helping scientists predict everything about fluid more easily. D. Letting huge wind fans that produce electricity turn the same way. 【答案】34. C 35. D 36. C 37. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，主要讲述了纽约大学的研究人员进行的一项关于液体中旋转圆柱体相互作用的实验。 【34题详解】 根据第三段“But in many cases, the free cylinder turned in the same way as the driven one, which is called corotation.”，可知“corotation”指的是两个圆柱体朝同一个方向旋转。 【35题详解】 根据第四段“The researchers changed things like how fast the motor turned and how far apart the cylinders were. When the cylinders were very close... When the cylinders were far apart...”，可知圆柱体之间的距离会影响它们的旋转方式。 【36题详解】 文章主要介绍了一项关于液体中圆柱体旋转方式的实验及其令人惊讶的发现，并探讨了其背后的原因和意义。C选项“The Surprising Ways Cylinders Turn in Liquid”最能概括文章的核心内容——圆柱体在液体中同向旋转这一反直觉的现象。 【37题详解】 根据第五段“On the other hand, it can help improve real-world technologies, such as underwater robots.”，以及文章末尾提到的类比“just like the air from a bird’s wings can help its group mates”，推测这一发现可能在涉及流体动力学的领域有应用。A选项文中未提及；B选项与文章发现的“同向旋转”相悖；C选项与原文“makes it harder to predict”相反。D选项“Letting huge wind fans that produce electricity turn the same way”虽然文中未直接提及风扇，但根据“corotation”的原理，且风扇与流体动力学相关，这是最合理的推断应用。 第三部分（20分） 八、阅读表达（第51题—53题各2分，第54题4分，共10分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Qingtuan: A Bite of Spring For many in China, qingtuan is more than just a snack. Around Qingming Festival, people buy or make these green rice balls to “take a bite of spring” Once a homemade food in Jiangnan, qingtuan has become a nationwide seasonal hit. Its popularity is driven by traditional taste, cultural meaning, and social media. On Xiaohongshu and Douyin, qingtuan-related content has gained billions of views. Market data shows that tradition still anchors consumption (主导消费). A report found that 67% of consumers would recommend qingtuan products. Traditional flavors are the most preferred (43%), followed by new varieties (22%) and low-sugar choices (16%). The festive atmosphere (37%) and traditional customs(49%) are the main drivers of purchase (购买). At the same time, new flavors keep appearing. Supermarkets now offer salted egg yolk, Thai-style salted cheese, and even qingtuan-inspired drinks. A Beijing fresh-food chain sells several hundred pieces daily. Two-piece packs cost 12 to 15 yuan. Time-honored brands like Beijing Daoxiangcun also sell gift sets during Qingming Festival, such as the “Spring Express” with taro paste and cheese, or grape and jasmine flavors. For elder consumers, qingtuan carries memories of family, fields, and handmade spring food. For younger people, it’s about freshness, visual attraction, and sharing online. Reduced-sugar choices also matter for health-centered buyers. But at its heart, qingtuan remains a symbol of tradition, remembrance, and renewal. The growing popularity of qingtuan shows that Chinese tradition lasts because it doesn’t stand still, but moves with the times. 38. What percentage of consumers would recommend qingtuan products? ____________________________________________________ 39. What do time-honored brands also sell during Qingming Festival? ____________________________________________________ 40. Why does Chinese tradition last? ____________________________________________________ 41. Would you like to try qingtuan? Why? (Give two reasons.) ____________________________________________________ 【答案】38. 67%. 39. Gift sets. 40. Because it doesn’t stand still, but moves with the times. 41. Yes, I would like to try qingtuan. Because it tastes delicious and carries traditional culture. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了青团的流行现状、口味变化、消费数据以及它所承载的传统文化与时代意义。 【38题详解】 第三段第二句直接说明会推荐青团产品的消费者比例是“67%”，答案是原文直接信息。 【39题详解】 第四段第五句直接说明老字号在清明节期间还售卖“gift sets”，答案是原文直接信息。 【40题详解】 第五段最后一句直接说明中国传统得以延续的原因是“it doesn’t stand still, but moves with the times”，答案是原文直接引述。 【41题详解】 本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但需基于文中事实。结合文章内容，青团既有传统文化意义，又有多种新口味可以尝试，合理作答即可。 九、文段表达（10分） 42. 根据所给的中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数，所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的真实班级和姓名。 假设你是李华，你们班的英语课正在开展关于“闲暇时间如何放松”的探究性学习。请你用英语写一篇短文，谈谈你平时如何放松、为何选择这种方式，并对同学们如何更好地度过休闲时光提出建议。 提示词语：hobby, paint, enjoy, develop, balance 内容提示：How do you usually relax in your free time? Why? ·What advice do you have for classmates on spending free time? I’d like to share how I relax in my free time. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文 I usually relax by painting because it helps me forget worries and feel peaceful. Firstly, painting is my favorite hobby. Secondly, it allows me to express my feelings. I suggest my classmates develop a hobby, which can bring them joy. Also, remember to balance study and free time. Not only does it make you relaxed, but it also improves creativity. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 明确文体：说明文 (材料作文)，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：介绍自己通过绘画放松的方式及好处，说明绘画是爱好且能抒发感情，向同学建议培养爱好、平衡学习与休闲时间并阐述益处 确定人称：第一人称，第二人称 注意事项：要点完整不遗漏；语法拼写正确，句式通顺，观点清晰，建议表述得体自然 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：点明自己常以绘画作为放松方式，说明绘画能忘却烦恼、平复心境 主体段：说明绘画是个人爱好，还可以用来抒发内心情感 结尾段：倡议同学们培养兴趣爱好，学会平衡学习与课余时间，并点明放松既能舒缓身心也能提升创造力 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：介绍放松方式及益处： 核心表达：relax by painting/forget worries/feel peaceful/release pressure through drawing/put aside troubles/calm down等 要点二：阐述绘画的意义： 核心表达：favorite hobby/express feelings/personal interest/show inner emotions等 要点三：提出建议与说明好处： 核心表达：develop a hobby/bring joy/balance study and free time/make relaxed/improve creativity/take up an interest/bring happiness/arrange study and spare time/feel at ease/enhance creative ability等 43. 根据所给的中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的真实班级和姓名。 某英文网站正在开展以“分享经验，解决问题”为主题的征文活动。假设你是李华，请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你曾经遇到的某个问题（如与朋友争吵、学业压力、情绪低落等），你是如何解决它的，以及你从中学到了什么。 提示词语：argue, talk with, suggestion, share, positive 内容提示：·What problem did you have? ·How did you solve it?? ·What did you learn from the experience? I’m glad to share a problem I once had and how I solved it. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I’m glad to share a problem I once had and how I solved it. Last month, I argued with my best friend because of a misunderstanding. I felt upset and didn’t know what to do. Later, I decided to talk with her honestly. I shared my feelings and listened to her side. We made suggestions to each other and finally solved the problem. From this experience, I learned that communication is very important. It helps us understand each other better and stay positive. Now, we are closer than before. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：叙事性记叙文，以一般过去时为主，结尾议论升华用一般现在时 明确要点：自身遇到的问题（与好友因误会争吵）、解决问题的过程（坦诚沟通）、从中获得的感悟（沟通的重要性） 确定人称：第一人称(I/my) 注意事项：语言简洁真实，贴合自身经历，无真实姓名和学校名称透露 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起句，概括自己要分享的内容（曾经遇到的问题及解决方式） 主体段：详细叙述问题的起因、自己的感受，以及解决问题的具体过程 结尾段：总结经历带来的感悟，以及问题解决后的结果（与好友关系更亲密） [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：遇到的问题 问题类型：与好友的矛盾（因误会争吵）quarrel/argue/conflict/misunderstanding等 自身感受：upset/confused/sad/frustrated/puzzled/helpless等 问题影响：暂时影响与好友的关系，自身情绪低落influence/affect/upset mood/low spirits等 要点二：解决问题的过程 解决方式：主动与好友坦诚沟通（talk with her honestly）communicate/talk openly/sincerely/honestly等 具体行动：分享自己的感受（shared my feelings）、倾听好友的想法（listened to her side）、互相提出建议（made suggestions to each other）share/express/listen/advise/propose等 最终结果：成功解决矛盾（solved the problem）solve/settle/resolve/handle the conflict等 要点三：从中获得的感悟与结果 核心感悟：沟通非常重要（communication is very important//necessary/essential/vital等 感悟具体说明：帮助彼此更好地理解对方（understand each other better）、保持积极心态（stay positive）/realize/positive/optimistic/cheerful等 后续结果：与好友的关系比以前更亲密（closer than before）/intimate/friendly等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市中关村中学2025-2026学年第二学期期中调研 初二英语 考试时间：90分钟 满分：100分 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上。 2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。非选择题用黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡指定区域内。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分（30分） 一、听后选择（每小题1.5分，共9分） 听下面几段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有两个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 请听一段对话，完成第1至第2小题。 1. What is wrong with Helen? A. She has a fever. B. She has a sore throat. C. She has a stomachache. 2. What should Helen do? A. Wear a mask and drink water. B. Take medicine and eat mild food. C. Get an X- ray and rest for a few days. 请听一段对话，完成第3至第4小题。 3. Where did the man go for a trip? A. He went to the Victoria Falls. B. He went to the Great Barrier Reef. C. He went to the East African Rift Valley. 4. What does the woman think of the trip? A. It’s tiring. B. It’s boring. C. It’s magical. 请听一段独白，完成第5至第6小题。 5. What can we learn from the speech? A. We can ask AI for help if necessary. B. We should take good care of ourselves. C. We have to keep our problems to ourselves. 6. Why does the speaker give the speech? A. To explain what causes stress. B. To offer advice on reducing stress. C. To encourage people to exercise more. 二、听后回答（每小题2分，共12分） 听对话，根据对话内容笔头回答问题。每段对话你将听两遍。 请听一段对话，完成第7小题。 7. What should Jeff do to stop his nose bleeding? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 请听一段对话，完成第8小题。 8. How does Chen Jie relax in her free time? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 请听一段对话，完成第9小题。 9. What is David’s favorite food in Guilin? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 请听一段对话，完成第10小题。 10. Who gave the guitar to Peter? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 请听一段对话，完成第11至第12小题。 11. How was Emma’s instructor? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. What will Emma do next month? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 三、听后转写（9分） 听短文，补全横线上的信息，并写出短文的主要内容。短文的开头已经给出。请注意语法正确，语意连贯。短文将连续播放三遍。 13. I’ve got some information about ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二部分（50分） 四、单项填空（每小题1分，共8分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Mr. Wang enjoys ________ a lot when he helps his students and we all like him. A. his B. he C. him D. himself 2. ________ 1975, another Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to do research. A. At B. To C. On D. In 3. —I hurt my leg when I fell off my bike. —Be more careful next time. If we are not careful, we ________ easily hurt ourselves. A. should B. must C. can D. need 4. The Sahara Desert is ________ desert in the world. A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest 5. We won’t know how he feels ________ we talk to him. A. but B. until C. so that D. because 6. —What did your swimming instructor say when you first learned to swim? —She told me ________ practicing and I did. Now I can swim well. A. to keep B. keep C. keeping D. kept 7. Last Saturday, Mark became allergic to peanuts and his dad ________ him to the hospital. A. take B. took C. takes D. taking 8. It’s normal to get mad at others from time to time. Try taking a deep breath, and that ________ you an opportunity to calm down. A. give B. giving C. gives D. gave 五、短文填空（每小题1分，共8分） 第一节 阅读下面短文，在方框内选择最佳选项将短文补充完整。其中有2个多余选项。 A. suffer from B. cook C. on fire D. red E. stopped short F. harm James lived in the city with his friend Allen and they enjoyed learning how to do many things themselves. One Saturday, James decided to ____9____ some fried chicken. He poured oil into a pan and turned on the stove. Suddenly, he heard Allen come home happily. They started talking about a football game. Soon, they smelled something burning. The pan was ____10____! James turned off the stove, but a flame jumped onto his shirt. He threw himself to the floor and rolled to put out the fire. Allen wanted to get water, but he ____11____. He remembered from his first aid class that water can make oil fires worse. Instead, he used a fire extinguisher. James’s arm was ____12____ but not badly hurt. He said sadly, “Let’s eat out tonight. Anything but fried chicken.” 第二节 阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处填写1个恰当的英文单词，在给出提示词的空白处填写该词的正确形式。 Located in Siberia, Russia, Lake Baikal is one of the world’s most famous lakes. It is the ____13____ (deep) freshwater lake in the world. ____14____ reach the bottom, you must dive 1620 meters! It is also larger than most other lakes. Its surface ____15____ (cover) 31500 square kilometers. That is bigger than the country of Belgium! Lake Baikal is cold most of the year. But over 1200 different ____16____ (type) of animals can still survive in this environment. Today, the lake still attracts many curious travelers. After all, it is a great natural wonder! 六、完形填空（每小题1分，共8分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 When I was in seventh grade, a group of us who loved soccer came together. We called ourselves “The Crazy Footballers.” After school, we would race to the field, playing until the sun set. Those afternoon matches were the highlight of my day. However, our connection on the field didn’t last long. Things began to ____17____ after two months. As soon as school ended, instead of heading to the field, my group of friends would gather in a corner, ____18____ their phones for mobile games. The teamwork from the soccer field was replaced by the silence of a digital game. The situation grew worse when I realized their phone gaming often turned into ____19____ copying each other’s homework. What troubled me most was their talk about material things. They would ____20____ the newest, most expensive sneaker shoes, comparing prices as if it were the most important thing in the world. I felt increasingly disconnected. Soccer was our shared love, but it now seemed like just a(an) ____21____ from their real interests: gaming, cheating, and bragging (自夸). A mental war began inside me. I loved playing soccer with them, but I couldn’t stand the way they cheated others and themselves. I didn’t want to be like them. After weeks of struggle (挣扎), I made a difficult decision. I stopped waiting for them and started practicing soccer alone. Being alone made me ____22____, but it felt better than the loneliness I felt while with them. Besides soccer, I also threw myself into my studies. I was wrong to think they wouldn’t notice. One afternoon, they got close to me on the field. One of them said," We noticed you had been away from us for quite a while. Things haven’t felt right. We forgot why we became friends — it was for soccer. We’re sorry." Their apology was a turning point. We agreed to leave the phone games behind. Our renewed ____23____ started to present in our attitudes toward schoolwork, as we began encouraging each other to study harder. The ____24____ of choosing what’s right over what’s popular is valuable. True friends are those who grow with you, not those who distract you. 17. A. stay B. change C. grow D. increase 18. A. controlling B. breaking C. throwing D. avoiding 19. A. patiently B. secretly C. proudly D. nervously 20. A. show off B. take back C. deal with D. give up 21. A. solution B. award C. break D. achievement 22. A. scared B. curious C. joyful D. uneasy 23. A. confidence B. freedom C. victory D. unity 24. A. habit B. reason C. lesson D. memory 七、阅读理解（每小题2分，共26分） 第一节 A 阅读下面项目介绍，请根据人物喜好匹配合适的学习项目，并将其对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应的位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Our school will organize different after-school clubs and every student can join us. There will be many wonderful activities for you. Come and join us! A Calligraphy Club Do you love traditional Chinese culture? Learn basic brush strokes and appreciate famous works. It helps you calm down. We have professional guidance every week. Email Mr. Li at calli@163.com for more information. B Programming Club Want to create your own games and animations? Join us to learn Python and Scratch. Develop logical thinking and solve interesting problems. No experience needed. Contact us via WeChat: CodeFun 123 to sign up. C Dance Club Love dancing? We offer hip-hop, Latin, and modern dance classes. Improve your coordination and expressiveness. Regular performance opportunities. Find Ms. Zhang in Room 201. D Painting Club If you enjoy expressing ideas with colors and lines, this is for you. Learn sketching, watercolor, acrylics and more. Paint what you see and imagine. Contact Ms. Wang at paint@126.com. ____25____ Tom: I’m really into computer programming. I like playing computer games and I also want to try making my own games. ____26____ Lucy: I’m an active person and I love dancing to music. I hope to perform on stage one day. ____27____ Mike: I’m interested in traditional art. I often enjoy looking at calligraphy works and I’d like to learn to write beautiful characters. 第二节 B Zhang Ming was an eighth-grade student who thought school was just a game of fact memorization. He often skipped homework to watch videos on his phone, asking, “When will I ever use the school knowledge in real life?” His grades were always near the bottom of the class. That winter, his older cousin was choosing high school courses. During a family dinner, Zhang Ming’s parents asked his opinion. He opened his mouth — then closed it. He didn’t understand any of the course names, let alone which led to which careers (职业). He sat silently while his cousin listened carefully and made his own decision. Later, a robotics competition team posted tryout notices. Students who wanted to be in the tryout had to hand in a short essay explaining their interest. Zhang Ming loved making electronic machines, so he wanted to try. But when he sat down to write, his mind went blank. He couldn’t organize his thoughts. Finally, he didn’t hand in anything. The worst moment came when his best friend started a small online resale business. He asked if Zhang Ming wanted to join. They would need to decide what to sell, how to price things, and when to invest money. “You’re good with people,” his friend said. But Zhang Ming couldn’t compare goods or think ahead. He watched his friend build something from nothing while he stood on the sidelines. That night, Zhang Ming lay on his bed and thought hard. School wasn’t just about memorizing facts for tests. Every worksheet, every discussion, every group project was practice for thinking clearly when it matters. The kids who paid attention weren’t just getting grades. They were building the mental muscles to make choices when no textbook held the answers. He finally understood: learning isn’t blind memorization. It’s about the process — training your mind so that when life puts big moments in front of you, you’re ready. 28. What was Zhang Ming’s attitude toward school in eighth grade? A. He found it boring but necessary. B. He worked hard to improve his grades. C. He enjoyed discussions with classmates. D. He thought it was just for memorizing facts. 29. What happened when Zhang Ming wrote for the robotics team tryout? A. He failed to express his thoughts. B. He asked his friend to help him write it. C. He realized his idea was not good enough. D. He wanted to take part in another competition. 30. What did Zhang Ming finally learn from his experiences? A. The process of learning matters the most. B. Success comes from natural talent, not effort. C. Friends are more helpful than teachers in life. D. School grades don’t decide future opportunities. C How Prediction Errors (偏差) Shape Memory Our memory is not fixed. It can change when we face something unexpected. This change is driven by a “prediction error” — a mismatch between what we expect and what actually happens. A recent study explored how the size of this error influences memory. Researchers asked people to listen to short, natural-sounding dialogues. Later, some of the dialogues were changed in the middle to create a prediction error. Some changes were very small, some were medium, and some were large. The scientists then tested how well people remembered the old form and the new, changed form. The results were surprising. Very small and very large prediction errors helped people remember the old and the new information clearly. Medium-sized errors, however, led to poorer memory for both forms. In addition, large prediction errors improved source memory — that is, remembering when or where the information was first heard. Brain scans gave further clues. When a large prediction error happened, the brain reactivated the old memory while hearing the new version. This process protected the old memory from being changed. However, medium-sized errors caused the old memory to be updated by mixing new information into it. As a result, the old memory became less steady (稳定的). In short, the size of a prediction error determines whether a memory is changed. When things go as expected (small error) or are completely different (large error), the old memory remains unchanged. When things are only somewhat different (medium error), the old memory is more likely to change. These findings may be useful in real life. For example, they could help witnesses (目击者) keep correct memories or help correct false news without harming the old information. Understanding prediction errors could also improve teaching methods by presenting new information in ways that either strengthen or carefully update what students already know. 31. How does error size influence memory? A. All error sizes affect memory in the same manner. B. Small and large errors improve memory performance. C. Medium errors help to keep the old memory unchanged. D. Large errors strengthen source memory but not detail memory. 32. What can we learn from the passage? A. Memory is fixed and cannot be changed by unexpected events. B. People were asked to listen to dialogues and recall them immediately. C. The brain changed the old memory while one heard the new dialogue. D. The size of prediction errors decides whether memory stays steady or updates. 33. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To prove that old and new memories can’t be trusted. B. To explain how the size of prediction errors affects memory. C. To describe a specific experiment on memory and brain scans. D. To argue that all sizes of prediction errors should be avoided in teaching. D When a bird flaps its wings, it pushes air away and creates turning flow patterns. These patterns can actually help other birds in the group fly more easily. This is an example of fluid (流体)-based interactions—movements that affect each other through the nearby fluid. Scientists find these interactions interesting but still don’t fully understand them, especially when rotating objects are included. To learn more, a team of researchers at New York University did a simple tabletop experiment. They placed two plastic cylinders (圆柱体) in a tank filled with a thick glycerol (甘油) water mixture. One cylinder was connected to a motor and could rotate. The other was free to turn on its own. They wanted to see how the rotating cylinder would affect the free one through the liquid (液体). What they found was surprising. They expected the free cylinder to turn in the opposite direction, like two gears locked together. But in many cases, the free cylinder turned in the same way as the driven one, which is called corotation. In fact, they saw three different kinds of corotation. Why did this happen? The researchers changed things like how fast the motor turned and how far apart the cylinders were. When the cylinders were very close, the liquid acted like a belt, pulling the free cylinder in the same direction as the driven one. When the cylinders were far apart, a small area of fluid between them turned in the opposite direction. That area acted like a third gear, making both cylinders turn the same way. Each mode of rotation came with its own special pattern of fluid flow. This discovery has both good and bad sides. On the one hand, it shows that fluid interactions are more complicated (复杂的) than scientists thought. This makes it harder to predict how rotating objects in fluids will behave. On the other hand, it can help improve real-world technologies, such as underwater robots. The researchers are now building computer models to better understand the fluid behavior. One researcher said, “Every setup gave us surprises.” In short, even simple rotating objects in a fluid can show unexpected behaviors—just like the air from a bird’s wings can help its group mates. 34. What does the word “corotation” most likely mean in the passage? A. Rotating at different speeds. B. Stopping rotation completely. C. Rotating in the same direction. D. Rotating in opposite directions. 35. What can we learn from the new research? A. The researchers saw only one kind of corotation. B. The free cylinder always turns in the opposite direction. C. The experiment has no connection to real-world technology. D. The distance between cylinders can change the rotation way. 36. Which is the best title of the passage? A. The Secret of Underwater Robots. B. How Birds Help Each Other Fly in the Sky. C. The Surprising Ways Cylinders Turn in Liquid. D. An Unexpected and Complicated Experiment with Liquid. 37. Which of the following might benefit from this discovery? A. Creating a material that can bear more pressure. B. Making the top of robots always turn in opposite directions. C. Helping scientists predict everything about fluid more easily. D. Letting huge wind fans that produce electricity turn the same way. 第三部分（20分） 八、阅读表达（第51题—53题各2分，第54题4分，共10分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Qingtuan: A Bite of Spring For many in China, qingtuan is more than just a snack. Around Qingming Festival, people buy or make these green rice balls to “take a bite of spring” Once a homemade food in Jiangnan, qingtuan has become a nationwide seasonal hit. Its popularity is driven by traditional taste, cultural meaning, and social media. On Xiaohongshu and Douyin, qingtuan-related content has gained billions of views. Market data shows that tradition still anchors consumption (主导消费). A report found that 67% of consumers would recommend qingtuan products. Traditional flavors are the most preferred (43%), followed by new varieties (22%) and low-sugar choices (16%). The festive atmosphere (37%) and traditional customs(49%) are the main drivers of purchase (购买). At the same time, new flavors keep appearing. Supermarkets now offer salted egg yolk, Thai-style salted cheese, and even qingtuan-inspired drinks. A Beijing fresh-food chain sells several hundred pieces daily. Two-piece packs cost 12 to 15 yuan. Time-honored brands like Beijing Daoxiangcun also sell gift sets during Qingming Festival, such as the “Spring Express” with taro paste and cheese, or grape and jasmine flavors. For elder consumers, qingtuan carries memories of family, fields, and handmade spring food. For younger people, it’s about freshness, visual attraction, and sharing online. Reduced-sugar choices also matter for health-centered buyers. But at its heart, qingtuan remains a symbol of tradition, remembrance, and renewal. The growing popularity of qingtuan shows that Chinese tradition lasts because it doesn’t stand still, but moves with the times. 38. What percentage of consumers would recommend qingtuan products? ____________________________________________________ 39. What do time-honored brands also sell during Qingming Festival? ____________________________________________________ 40. Why does Chinese tradition last? ____________________________________________________ 41. Would you like to try qingtuan? Why? (Give two reasons.) ____________________________________________________ 九、文段表达（10分） 42. 根据所给的中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数，所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的真实班级和姓名。 假设你是李华，你们班的英语课正在开展关于“闲暇时间如何放松”的探究性学习。请你用英语写一篇短文，谈谈你平时如何放松、为何选择这种方式，并对同学们如何更好地度过休闲时光提出建议。 提示词语：hobby, paint, enjoy, develop, balance 内容提示：How do you usually relax in your free time? Why? ·What advice do you have for classmates on spending free time? I’d like to share how I relax in my free time. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. 根据所给的中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的真实班级和姓名。 某英文网站正在开展以“分享经验，解决问题”为主题的征文活动。假设你是李华，请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你曾经遇到的某个问题（如与朋友争吵、学业压力、情绪低落等），你是如何解决它的，以及你从中学到了什么。 提示词语：argue, talk with, suggestion, share, positive 内容提示：·What problem did you have? ·How did you solve it?? ·What did you learn from the experience? I’m glad to share a problem I once had and how I solved it. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $