Unit 5 Nature's Temper Grammar(4a～4c)课件 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

Section A Grammar (4a~4c) Nature’s Temper Unit 5 Learning Objectives 1. understand the form and function of the past continuous tense. 2. differentiate the use of “when” and “while” in past continuous tense. 3. apply the past continuous tense orally and in writing. In this lesson you will: Read the sentences. Underline the verbs which show an ongoing action in the past. 4a What were you doing while it was snowing heavily? I was travelling on the train then. What were your family doing when the typhoon hit? My children and I were reading together. When my neighbour called, my family were having dinner. We were driving home when the strong winds started. While we were driving home, the strong winds started. It was raining hard while we were driving back. 过去进行时 was/were+doing 、 1.定义 表示过去某个时刻或某一时间段正在进行或发生的动作。 The Greens were watching TV at 9:00 last night. She was doing her homework from 5:00 to 6:00 yesterday afternoon. 过去进行时 the past continuous tense Grammar1 、 I was having breakfast at 7:00 am yesterday. 7:00 am yesterday 过去进行时 the past continuous tense 2.用法 （1）过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示，也可由上下语境暗示。 、 From 1982 to 1998, she was teaching at Yale. from 1982 to 1998 过去进行时 the past continuous tense 2.用法 (2) 过去进行时表示过去某阶段一直在进行的动作。 、 过去进行时 the past continuous tense 2.用法 (3) 过去进行时可用来为一个或一系列动作的发生提供背景。 Everyone was enjoying the coffee. Then a man entered the shop. Everyone was enjoying the beautiful weather that morning. Some people were swimming in the sea, and some were relaxing on the beach. 、 过去进行时 the past continuous tense 3.标志词 at this/that time yesterday at 9:00 yesterday morning at the time of ... at that moment, all night from 8:00 to10:00 yesterday morning when和while引导的时间状语从句 ① She was eating breakfast at 6 am yesterday. ② We weren't watching TV at that time. ③ - Were you playing basketball at that time? - Yes, we were. / No, we weren't. ④ What were you doing at 7:00 last night? 4. 句型 肯定句: 主语+was/were +V-ing+其他. 否定句: 主语+wasn't/weren't +V-ing+其他. 一般疑问句: Was/Were +主语+V-ing+其他? Yes, 主语+was/were. / No, 主语+wasn't/weren't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语+V-ing? 小试牛刀：句式转换 将句子He was doing his homework.进行句式变化 1.否定句：____________________________ 2.一般疑问句：________________________ 3.特殊疑问句（对划线提问）：___________ He was not doing his homework. Was he doing his homework? What was he doing? 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 Let’s think 试着总结when和while的用法区别 What were you doing while it was snowing heavily? I was travelling on the train then. What were your family doing when the typhoon hit? My children and I were reading together. When my neighbour called, my family were having dinner. We were driving home when the strong winds started. While we were driving home, the strong winds started. It was raining hard while we were driving back. snow 延续性动词 hit 短暂性动词 call 短暂性动词 start 短暂性动词 drive 延续性动词 drive 延续性动词 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 1)延续性动词和非延续性动词 一、以when和while引导的时间状语从句 延续性动词指动作可以延续一段时间，而不是瞬间结束。如：work、study、drink、eat等。 非延续性动词指动作极为短暂，瞬间结束。 如：start、begin、hit、jump、knock等。 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 、 when引导的时间状语从句 when 当……时候 at or during the time that It was snowing when we arrived at the station. 时间 状语从句 主句 瞬间 动词 一般 过去时 Grammar2 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 、 when引导的时间状语从句 when 当……时候 at or during the time that When we were singing, she came in. 时间 状语从句 主句 延续性 动词 过去 进行时 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 、 when引导的时间状语从句 when When we were singing, she came in. It was snowing when we arrived at the station. Summary1 when既指时间点，又指时间段； when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是瞬间性动词，也可以是延续性动词； when引导的时间状语从句常用一般过去时，也可以用过去进行时。 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 、 while引导的时间状语从句 while 当……时候 during the time that While he was reading in the library, the rainstorm came. 时间 状语从句 主句 延续性 动词 过去 进行时 Grammar3 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 、 while引导的时间状语从句 while 当……时候 during the time that They were singing while we were dancing. 主句 延续性 动词 时间 状语从句 过去 进行时 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 、 while引导的时间状语从句 while Summary2 while只表示一段时间； while引导的时间状语从句中的动词必须是延续性动词； 强调从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时，多用while引导从句。 While he was reading in the library, the rainstorm came. They were singing while we were dancing. 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 while后通常加过去进行时的句子 while 引导的时间状语从句 既可以指时间段， 也可以指时间点 一般只指一段时间（时间段） 从句中的谓语动词 可以是延续性动词（如 wait, cook）也可以是瞬间性动词（如 happen, arrive） 只能是表状态的延续性动词（如 wait, read, run, rain） 常用时态搭配 when 后面通常加一般过去时的从句 when when 和while的区别 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 when后可长亦可短， while后面只可长； 若是两边都为长， 中间while来帮忙; when多接一般过去时， while常跟进行时。 记忆口诀 注意：有时when可以代替while， 而while 则不能代替when。 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 拓展：while 表示转折、对比的用法 1. 表示对比（“而，然而”） I like tea, while my sister prefers coffee. 我喜欢茶，而我妹更喜欢咖啡。 2. 表示让步转折（“虽然，尽管”）位于句首，相当于 although。 While the task is difficult, we must finish it on time. 尽管任务很困难，我们必须按时完成。 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 Exercise 请用 when 或 while 填空。 1. I was reading a book ______ the phone rang. 2. ______ I was reading a book, my sister was watching TV. 3. He fell asleep ______ he was listening to music. 4. ______ I arrived home, it started to rain heavily. 5. Please don’t talk so loudly ______ others are working. 6. What were you doing ______ the teacher came in? 7. ____________ I lived in the countryside, I learned a lot about farming. when While while When while when When/While 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 过去进行时和现在进行时的区别 Presentation 现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作。 结构： is/am/are + doing I am having an English class now. 过去进行时：表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。 结构：was/were + doing I was having an English class at this time yesterday. 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 过去进行时：表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作，一般过去时：则表示在过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态。 过去进行时和一般过去时的区别 They were writing letters to their friends last night. 昨晚他们在写信给他们的朋友。 They wrote letters to their friends last night. 他们昨晚写了信给他们的朋友。 (没有说明信是否写完) (表达了他们已写好的意思，整个写的过程已完成) Presentation 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 4b Combine each pair of sentences using when or while. 1. I did my homework. The typhoon landed on the coast. I was doing my homework when the typhoon landed on the coast. 2. The power went out. My father and I made dinner. My father and I were making dinner when the power went out. 3. Kate wrote a letter. Her brother called to warn her of the storm. Kate was writing a letter when her brother called to warn her of the storm. While/When I was doing my homework , the typhoon landed on the coast. 非延续性 延续性 While/When My father and I were making dinner, the power went out. While/When Kate was writing a letter ,her brother called to warn her of the storm. 延续性 非延续性 非延续性 延续性 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 4. My parents packed the supplies. I moved our things off the floor. My parents were packing the supplies while I was moving our things off the floor. 5. I slept soundly. It rained cats and dogs. I was sleeping soundly while it was raining cats and dogs. 延续性 延续性 延续性 延续性 It rains cats and dogs.是一个常用的英语俚语，意为“下着倾盆大雨”。 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 Language points 教材 P45 4b 1. The power went out. 停电了。 power n.电力供应；能量；力量；权力 power cut/failure 停电 nuclear/wind/solar power 核能/风能/太阳能 have the power to do sth. 有权力做某事 e.g. The power came back on.电力恢复了。 The ship was helpless against the power of the storm. 那艘船只能任凭强大的暴风雨肆虐。 The boss has the power to make the decision. 老板有权做这个决定。 拓展：powerful adj.有影响力的；强有力的 e.g. The storm was so powerful that it knocked down trees. 风暴如此猛烈，连树木都被吹倒了。 练习：The ___________ (power) invention has changed the world. powerful 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 、 Complete the passage with was, were, when, or while. The family ran to the safe room at once. _______ they were waiting, Jenny’s little sister started to cry. Dad gave her some chocolate and told her that they _______ hiding from an angry lion. Soon, she was laughing again. At last, the storm passed. _______ they stepped outside, they found the sun shining. People were asking one another if they were safe while some _______ starting to clear the streets. Jenny smiled. The tornado was scary, but it also brought everyone closer together. When Jenny looked up, thick black clouds were forming in the sky, and the rain _______ beating against their roof. “Quick, this way,” said Dad. was were While/When When  were 抬头看 厚厚的乌云 形成 拍打 立刻 hide from 躲避 发现阳光闪耀 清理 bring everyone closer together 让大家的心靠得更近 龙卷风 4c 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 Language points 教材 P45 4c 2. When Jenny looked up, thick black clouds were forming in the sky, and the rain was beating against their roof. 当珍妮抬头看时，天空中 正在形成厚厚的乌云，雨水敲打着他们的屋顶。 2) thick adj. 厚的；浓密的 反义词：thin 薄的；稀疏的 e.g. Li Ming is a boy with thick black hair and thick glasses. 李明是一个有着浓密黑发、戴着厚厚眼镜的男孩。 拓展：thick adj. 茂密的/有.....厚的/能见度低的，浓的 练习：（2025安庆市桐城市联考改编） It's warm today, so you'd better take off the _______（厚的）clothes and go out for a walk. thick 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 Language points 教材 P45 4c 2. When Jenny looked up, thick black clouds were forming in the sky, and the rain was beating against their roof. 当珍妮抬头看时，天空中 正在形成厚厚的乌云，雨水敲打着他们的屋顶。 3) beat v. 敲；打 过去式：beat，过去分词：beaten e.g. Someone was beating a drum. 有人在敲鼓。（作及物动词） He was beating at the door with his hand. 他在用手拍门。(作不及物动词) 拓展：beat【及物动词】战胜；打败 e.g. He beat me at chess. 他下棋赢了我。 beat【不及物动词】(心脏)跳(动) e.g. After exercising, your skin is sweating and your heart is ________ fast. 锻炼后，你的皮肤会出汗，并且你的心脏跳得很快。（黄石中考） beating 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 Language points 教材 P45 4c 3. People were asking one another if they were safe while some were starting to clear the streets.当一些人开始清理街道时，人们在互相询问是否安全。 if conj. 是否 if 在此引导宾语从句（宾语从句应用陈述语序），常用于ask、know、find out、wonder等动词（短语）之后。 e.g. I wonder if it will rain tomorrow. 我想知道明天是否会下雨。 Do you know if the train arrives on time? 你知道火车是否准点到达吗？ 拓展：if作连词，还可意为“如果”，用来引导条件状语从句。若主句 用一般将来时，if引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时， 即遵循“主将从现”的原则。 e.g. If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic. 如果明天下雨，我们就取消野餐。 练习：If you ________hard, you will pass the exam. A. study B. studies C. will study D. studied A 此课件为蜗牛英语圈原创课件，已申请版权，侵权必究法律责任 $