专题06 阅读理解之说明文15篇（陕西专用）-2026年中考英语模拟真题速递

**基本信息** 聚焦说明文阅读理解，15篇分层训练（基础8篇/重难7篇），覆盖细节理解、词义猜测等核心题型，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础语篇练习|8篇（如香豆树特性、围棋文化）|以细节题为主，含简单词义猜测|从具体事实理解到初步逻辑推理，培养基础阅读能力| |重难语篇练习|7篇（如环保问题、新型塑料）|含推理判断、主旨归纳，复杂词义猜测|从单一信息到综合分析，提升深层理解与批判性思维|

专题06 阅读理解之说明文15篇 （陕西专用） 内容导航 内容速递 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 内容速递 本资料共15篇专项训练 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 Lightning usually destroys trees it hits. But scientists have found an amazing tree. It not only lives through lightning strikes (击中) but actually grows better because of them! For years, scientists thought lightning was only bad for trees. But as they explored places like the Amazon rainforest, they started to think there could be trees that fight against lightning. It wasn’t until about 100 years ago that such “super trees” were discovered. Now, they know of a tree that uses lightning’s power to kill nearby trees and get more sunlight and nutrients (营养) for itself. In 2015, scientist Evan Gora saw a Dipteryx oleifera tree (香豆树) , which had been struck by strong lightning. It wasn’t badly harmed while the neighboring trees were killed. Scientists thought this tree could handle lightning, but there was no way to be sure. Gora and his team saw more of these trees that grew well after lightning strikes. So, they did a study. They followed 93 trees struck by lightning for 2-6 years. They found that all 9 Dipteryx oleifera trees in the study survived with little harm. But 84 other trees were badly hurt, and 64% of them died within two years. These Dipteryx oleifera trees are very tall and have wide tops, making them 68% more likely to be struck by lightning than other trees. During the study, one of the Dipteryx oleifera trees was struck twice in5 years but continued to grow well. At present, more studies suggest that these trees attract lightning on purpose to destroy other trees and get more nutrients. Scientists are not sure how these trees survive lightning, but they guess it may involve the trees’ ability to carry electricity. They are also interested in other trees with similar characteristics. 1．What is special about the Dipteryx oleifera tree? A．It grows better after being hit by lightning. B．It dies quickly after lightning hits. C．It avoids lightning by hiding under other trees. D．It takes in nutrients directly from lightning. 2．The underlined word “handle” means “_________” in the passage. A．give away B．give out C．deal with D．suffer from 3．Why do some trees attract lightning on purpose? A．To get more space. B．To grow stronger and taller. C．To kill nearby trees for growth. D．To protect other trees around them. 4．What might scientists do next according to the passage? A．Do more studies about Dipteryx oleifera trees. B．Look for more trees that can survive lightning. C．Study how trees attract lightning better. D．Plant more Dipteryx oleifera trees. Weiqi, commonly known as Go in English, is a board game that originated in ancient China. The game is considered one of the Four Arts that Chinese literators’ were required to master. Besides weiqi, they had to learn Chinese calligraphy (shu), painting (hua) and the guqin playing (qin). Weiqi has a history of over 4,000 years, even older than Chinese chess. According to some historical records, the game, known as yi in its early years, is said to have been invented by Yao. Seeing that his son had a bad temper (脾气), Yao was rather worried. So he decided to find something that could help educate his son, and a simple board game came to him. The rules of weiqi are simple: using black and white stones (棋子), two players take turns placing their stones on empty cross points of the board. The goal is to surround (包围) a larger total area on the board while preventing one’s own stones from being taken by the opponent (对手). Stones do not move and are only taken off the board if they are completely surrounded. The scene of two people playing weiqi appears in many traditional Chinese paintings. The image of a player holding a stone over the board, looking for a place to put it, was later turned into a popular Chinese idiom (成语), which means “unsure about making a move”. The expression is still widely used today. With its development, weiqi grew in popularity. Later, it spread to the Korean Peninsula, Japan and Western countries. Today, it has become an international board game. * The word “literator” means a person who is learned or read well, especially in classical literature. 1．The underlined expression “unsure about making a move” means “_________” in the passage. A．出其不意 B．棋逢对手 C．举棋不定 D．观棋不语 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．Weiqi is a simple board game that is mainly enjoyed by the old. B．Weiqi has a history of more than five thousand years. C．The player who surrounds a smaller total area of the board wins the game. D．Weiqi has become more and more popular around the world. 3．In which part of a magazine can you probably read the passage? A．Travel. B．Science. C．Culture. D．Health. During the 2026 National People’s Congress and Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (两会), National People’s Congress representative Li Hui proposed suggestions for preventing and controlling myopia (近视) in young children. Eyes are the windows of people’s soul (心灵). They play a big part in our lives. However, some children do not take care of their eyes properly. Most of them have some bad habits of using eyes. What should you do to protect eyes? First, sleep at least eight hours every day. It is a good way for eyes to rest. At the same time, loss of sleep may cause dark circles around your eyes. Second, it is important to have a balanced diet. Fresh vegetables, fruit, eggs, meat, fish and milk are good for eyes. Your body needs to get different kinds of nutrition (营养物质). At last, you should use your eyes healthily. If you read books or play computer games for a long time, your eyes will be tired. Doing eye exercises, closing the eyes for a while, or looking far into the distance can help you relax eyes. If not, you will have a bad eyesight. Eyes are important for everyone. Cherish your eyes, and your life will be colorful! 1．The writer wrote the passage to ask us to________. A．have a balanced diet B．sleep early and get up early C．protect eyes D．have healthy eating habits 2．If you read books for a long time, what can you do to relax? a. Watch TV.         b. Do eye exercises.     c. Play computer games. d. Look far into the distance.     e. Close the eyes. A．abc B．bde C．cde D．ade 3．Which is the correct structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． Have you ever wished learning could be as easy and fun as watching your favorite short videos? A group of Chinese short-video creators are creatively making this happen. These creators turn boring and difficult knowledge into interesting and useful stories, covering everything from ancient history to modern technology. Many people can’t help but say, “After watching the video just once, I’ve already grasped some things I couldn’t understand from textbooks.” Chen Lei, who is known as Hunzi Ge, is one of these creators. A video of less than five minutes often takes him over five hours to produce. In Chen’s opinion, the love for traditional culture is deep in the hearts of Chinese people. “It’s just that many people haven’t found the door yet. I hope to be the one who opens it so that people can learn with a smile,” he said. Another creator, Tang Shiwei, also known as Gu Mao, tells stories about history and cultural treasures in museums in the style of xiangsheng (cross-talk). The interesting explanations help attract greater public interest in museums. They bring science, history, and culture to many people who might never have thought of walking into a museum. “As long as something helps make museums more popular, we’ll keep doing it,” Tang said. These “knowledge translators” not only help spread culture but also make the journey of learning enjoyable for everyone. They’re making a real difference. Their humor and easy-to-understand style have won many people’s hearts. 1．How long does it usually take Chen Lei to make a short video? A．Less than five minutes. B．About one hour. C．Over five hours. D．A whole day. 2．The underlined word “grasped” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”. A．forgotten completely B．got clearly C．written down D．looked for 3．Why does Tang Shiwei tell stories in the style of xiangsheng? A．To become a famous actor. B．To sell tickets for the museums. C．To make museums more popular. D．To show he is good at telling jokes. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Famous Creators in China B．How to Make Short Videos C．The History of Chinese Museums D．Learning Becomes Fun with Short Videos Long ago, in ancient China, there was a story about the invention of silk. People believed that silk was first invented by Leizu. She learned how to make cocoons (蚕茧) into soft and strong cloth. This magical cloth was so valuable that it was called “China’s Gold”. Following kings’ orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for centuries. During the Han Dynasty, the brave officer Zhang Qian travelled west as far as Central Asia and brought silk there. As years passed by, silk became so important that the trade road from Europe to China got its name — the Silk Road. The Silk Road became a busy highway for traders. From China, people sold silk and tea. In return, they received treasures such as spices (香料), gold and silver from the West. At first, it was mainly about trade; then people began to share ideas, technologies and cultures. Most importantly, the Silk Road helped different cultures learn from each other. Art, music and even language were shared along this ancient road. In places like the Dunhuang Grottoes (敦煌石窟) in China, you can see how art pieces combined (融合) Eastern and Western styles into something distinctive. It can not be seen anywhere else. The story of the Silk Road tells us how people from faraway lands could become friends through trade and shared ideas. Today, we remember the Silk Road as one of the greatest examples of cooperation and exchange in history. It shows us how important it is to learn about and respect each other’s traditions, and that different cultures can work together to create amazing things. 1．According to Paragraph 3, ________ were spread from China to the West. A．silk and gold B．tea and silk C．spices and silver D．new ideas of science 2．What does the underlined word “distinctive” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Special. B．Public. C．Popular. D．Strong. 3．What is the right order of the following facts from the passage? ①Zhang Qian travelled west with silk. ②Art and language were shared along the Silk Road. ③Traders from China and the West exchanged things. ④The Chinese were ordered to keep the secret of making silk. A．①→④→③→② B．①→③→④→② C．④→①→③→② D．④→③→②→① 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Silk was invented during the Han Dynasty. B．The Silk Road was mainly used for trading spices. C．The Dunhuang Grottoes show art that combines Eastern and Western styles. D．The secret of making silk was shared with the world immediately after its invention. Would you be brave enough to cross a bridge that touches the clouds? The Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge (花江峡谷大桥) in Guizhou province is now open to the public. The bridge stands about 625 meters above a river, making it both the world’s highest bridge and the largest span (最大跨度的) bridge built in a mountainous area. Guizhou is a mountainous area, and traveling between towns used to take a long time. Before the bridge was built, driving across the canyon took about two hours on roads. Now, the trip takes only two minutes. The bridge will help people travel more easily, connect cities, and lower costs for businesses. The bridge also offers fun activities for visitors. A high-speed glass lift can take people up 800 meters to a coffee shop in the clouds. The shop owner says that looking down at the mountains while drinking coffee “feels like drinking with nature”. Brave visitors can also try bungee jumping (蹦极) or walk along a glass walkway. Building of the bridge started in January 2022 and took more than three and a half years. The bridge weighs about 22, 000 tons. To make sure it was safe, engineers carried out a five-day test in August. A team drove 18, then 48, and finally 96 heavy trucks onto different parts of the bridge. Guizhou has about 40 million people. In recent years, the province has built many bridges to help people travel and reduce poverty (贫困) . Now it has over 32, 000 bridges, compared with only 2, 900 in the 1980s. It is also home to the world’s second-highest bridge, the Duge Bridge, which opened in 2016. 1．What advantages can the building of the Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge bring? ①People travel more easily.         ②Cities are connected. ③Guizhou culture can be spread more widely.     ④Businesses’ costs are lowered. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 2．Better support how safe the bridge is in Paragraph 4, the writer ________. A．asks a question B．tells a story C．lists numbers D．comparcs differences 3．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The development of bridges in China. B．Famous canyons in China. C．Guizhou’s interesting tourist places. D．A newly-built bridge in Guizhou. What color is the sun? That sounds like a pretty easy question, doesn’t it? Many people would say “yellow” right away. But, actually, the sun gives off light in all the colors of the rainbow. But it looks yellow to us here on Earth. ▲ First, we need to understand how we see colors. Humans have three types of cone cells (视锥细胞) in our eyes, known as L, M and S. They help us see long wavelengths (波长) (toward the red end), medium wavelengths (yellow and green) and short wavelengths (blue). When light reaches these cells, they send messages to the brain. The brain uses the messages to decide what color we see. If all three cells send equally (均等地) strong messages, we see white light. That’s what happens with sunlight. Astronauts in space see the sun as white, but when sunlight hits Earth’s atmosphere (大气), things start to change. Shorter light waves like blue spread out easily. The longer waves of red, yellow and orange reach our eyes more easily. Imagine sunlight as a group of colorful balls flying through the sky. When they hit the atmosphere, the blue ones go in diverse directions. They bounce (反射) and spread to every part of the sky above us. That’s why we see the sky as blue. At the same time, red and yellow ones go straight through the air and reach our eyes. This explains why the sun looks red, orange or yellow, depending on the time of day. Now you see why the question in the beginning isn’t as simple as it seems. But to all of us on Earth, the sun will always look like a shining golden ball. 1．How does the writer begin the text? A．By asking a question. B．By telling a story. C．By listing some numbers. D．By showing a picture. 2．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ”? A．Why is that? B．How far is the sun from us? C．How big is the sun? D．What is sunlight made of? 3．The underlined word “diverse” probably means “ _____”. A．similar B．special C．different D．straight During the Spring Festival, humanoid (人形的) robots have become popular across China. They appeared not only at the Spring Festival Gala but also in local cultural shows. In Jiangxi Province, two robots joined dancers on stage and moved smoothly to popular music. Their performance (表演) amazed people. Shi Zhongwei, CEO of Shanghai Embody Deep, said, “Robots are not just industrial tools. They can become digital actors and cultural symbols.” He added that the robots may also perform with Huangmei Opera groups in the future. In Shandong Province, the Robotics Industry Association held a special show with over 200 robots and robot dogs. The programs included acrobatics (杂技), martial arts, dance and short plays. Robots played drums and told jokes. Before going on stage, the robots were trained for two months in simulated (模拟的) environments. Across China, robot training centers are helping robots become smarter. At one robot school, robots receive daily training in 11 fields, including organizing car parts, industrial work, services and home care. “Our goal is to help them understand the world like humans,” said Su Kairui, head of a robot training center. Thanks to AI development, the robotics industry has grown faster than expected. Robots are moving from shows into everyday life. This Spring Festival, many families bought robots as special gifts. Jinan resident Wang Yan bought one to keep her pets company, help her children practice English, and chat with elders. “It’s not just a toy anymore. It’s becoming a long-term AI friend,” Wang said. 1．What did the robots do in Jiangxi Province? A． B． C． D． 2．Robots at the robot school become smarter by ________. A．playing with other robots B．studying in classrooms like students C．receiving daily training in different fields D．performing acrobatics on stage every morning 3．Why did Wang Yan buy a robot during the Spring Festival? A．To help with daily tasks at home. B．To give it as a gift to her friend. C．To act as a teacher in a local school. D．To work in an industrial factory. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．A Special Robot School in Shandong B．The Future of Robots in Factories C．How to Train Your Robot at Home D．The Rise of Robots in China The 2026 Spring Festival Gala is popular around the world. Among all the wonderful shows, the program Wu BOT has won wide praise rather than singing, dancing and so on. It shows the perfect mix of the modern technology and traditional Chinese culture. In this amazing program, smart robots work together with real Kung Fu artists. They perform (表演) Chinese Kung Fu movements, such as drunken fist, horse stances and nunchaku. The robots are designed with traditional Chinese elements (元素). They not only perform classic Kung Fu but also show the spirit of traditional culture. Their actions are smooth and exact, making the audience amazed. Many foreigners highly praised this program. They are surprised by China’s rapid development in science and technology. They think the robots are creative and well-designed. At the same time, they show great interest in traditional Chinese culture, especially Chinese Kung Fu. They say this program helps them learn more about China’s long history and colorful culture. Wu BOT is more than a great performance. It is a bridge between the old and the new. It uses modern technology to spread traditional Chinese culture to the world. This wonderful show is popular with people of all ages and becomes one of the most unforgettable moments of the gala. 1．Which program is widely praised in the 2026 Spring Festival Gala? A．Singing songs. B．Wu BOT. C．Dancing. D．Chinese Kung Fu. 2．The smart robots didn’t perform ________. A．drunken fist B．horse stances C．long boxing D．nunchaku 3．What can we infer from the foreigners’ comments in the third paragraph? A．They don’t like this program. B．China has made great progress in science and technology. C．Chinese robots are less creative. D．They learn little about China’s long history and colorful culture. 4．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To introduce the program Wu BOT from the 2026 Spring Festival Gala. B．To show the mix of modern technology and traditional Chinese culture. C．To tell us how Wu BOT helps spread Chinese culture to the world. D．All of the above. Shadow puppetry is one of the oldest and most amazing traditional arts in China. It has a history of more than 2,000 years, starting from the Western Han Dynasty. Before television and films appeared, shadow puppetry was the main form of entertainment (娱乐) for many Chinese people. The puppets are usually made of cowhide (牛皮) or sheepskin (羊皮). Skilled artists cut the leather into different shapes and paint them with bright colors. Each puppet has special joints so that its head, arms and legs can move freely. During a show, performers stand behind a white cloth screen. They use small sticks to control the puppets, and strong lights make clear shadows on the screen. At the same time, music and singing tell wonderful stories about history, heroes and traditional culture. In the past, shadow puppetry was popular not only in China but also in many other countries. It even influenced the development of early movies. Today, this traditional art is in danger of disappearing, so more people are trying to protect it. In 2011, Chinese shadow puppetry was added to the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List. It is not only a treasure of China, but also a gift to the whole world. 1．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to make shadow puppets. B．The history of Western Han Dynasty. C．A modern art form. D．An introduction to Chinese shadow puppetry. 2．What does the underlined word “joints” mean in Chinese? A．合办 B．关节 C．参加 D．联合 3．Why do people try to protect shadow puppetry now? A．Because it is expensive. B．Because it is in danger of disappearing. C．Because it is only for old people. D．Because it is a traditional culture in China. 重难语篇练习 Nowadays, the Earth is facing more and more serious environmental problems because of human activities. With the rapid development of industry and transportation, more people drive private cars, burn fossil fuels (化石燃料) every day, and cut down large areas of forests for land and wood. As a result, the air is becoming heavily polluted, and the global temperature keeps rising year by year. Many rivers and lakes are polluted by waste water from factories, so we can hardly see clean water or healthy fish in them. What is worse, plenty of wild animals are losing their living areas and food resources (资源), putting many types of animals in great danger of dying out. Nature is very important for all human beings. It provides us with fresh air, clean water, rich resources and a comfortable environment. Trees can take in harmful gases and produce oxygen, making the air fresher and healthier. They can also stop the soil from being washed away and cool the temperature around us. Animals and plants play an important role in keeping the balance of nature, so protecting them is protecting ourselves. It is our duty to protect the Earth. We can take small but clear action in our daily life. We can save water by turning off taps while brushing teeth and reusing waste water to clean the floor. We can save electricity by turning off lights, fans and TVs when leaving rooms. We should use cloth bags instead of plastic ones while shopping. We can choose to walk, ride bikes or take buses instead of driving cars. We can also sort rubbish into different groups and pick up litter in the street. What’s more, we can plant trees and flowers every year and ask more people to join in environmental protection. If everyone takes simple but helpful action, our Earth will become greener, safer and more beautiful for all living things in the near future. 1．To better support the topic sentence of Paragraph 2, the writer ________. A．asks questions B．lists numbers C．explains reasons D．uses pictures 2．The underlined word “sort” means “ ________” in the passage. A．turn B．divide C．fall D．mix 3．What can we do to protect the Earth according to the passage? A．Use waste water to clean the floor. B．Leave rooms with the lights on. C．Use plastic bags while shopping. D．Put all the rubbish together. 4．The passage is probably from ________. A．a novel B．an ad C．a post D．a newspaper Cherries are one of China’s favorite fruits. This winter, you can see them in almost every fruit shop. Most of these dark red, juicy fruits come from Chile by ship. The trip takes about 30 days. Have you ever wondered how they stay fresh for so long? The secret is a technology called Controlled Atmosphere (CA). Fruits and vegetables still “breathe” after they are picked. In a normal place, they react with the air, which makes them go bad faster. Microorganisms (微生物) in the air also make them spoil* more quickly. But CA technology creates a safer place for fruits and vegetables. It reduces the oxygen (O2) level in the storage** area. This slows down the fruits’ activities. At the same time, it adds more carbon dioxide (CO2), and sometimes a little nitrogen (N2). The temperature and humidity*** are also changed to “put the fruits to sleep”. But how did this technology develop over time? The idea of CA technology is not new. It started in the 1800s. In the 1920s, Franklin Kidd and Cyril West from Cambridge University studied how fruits breathe. This led to the first apple storage using “gas storage” in 1929. Later, Robert Smock from Cornell University made the technology better. He wanted to make local apples last longer, and his work helped McIntosh apples stay fresh until spring. Today, CA technology is used in many ways. It helps keep products fresh in cold storage places, food packaging and even the flower industry. It makes sure that fruits, food and flowers stay fresh for a long time, even after traveling far. Mini dictionary spoil* /spɔɪl/ v. to become bad so that it can no longer be eaten: If you leave milk out of the fridge, it will spoil soon. storage** /’stɔːrɪdʒ/ n. the act of keeping things (like food, clothes, or toys) in a place when you don’t use them right now: Our house has a small storage room for old toys and books. humidity*** /hjuː’mɪdəti/ n. the amount of water in the air: After a hot shower, the humidity in the bathroom is very high. 1．What will you most probably do if you plan to design a storage system for fresh flowers using CA technology? A．Add more O2 to help the flowers breathe better. B．Lower the temperature and humidity to slow down the flowers’ activities. C．Add more CO2 and reduce O2 to keep the flowers fresh. D．Put the flowers in direct sunlight to make them grow faster. 2．Which of the following is the writer’s opinion? A．The trip from Chile takes about 30 days. B．CA technology was first used for apple storage in 1929. C．Robert Smock improved the CA technology for McIntosh apples. D．CA technology is very useful, and can be used in many industries. 3．In which part of a newspaper can we probably find the passage? A．Culture Links. B．Science Center. C．The World. D．Education Focus. History is more than just a list of events from the past, and it’s full of human experience and knowledge. By studying history, we can learn from the successes and failures of those who came before us. We can also get a better understanding of the world we live in today. Here are some methods to help you on your history-learning journey. To learn history effectively (有效地), it’s important to be interested and ask questions. Don’t just memorize dates and names, but try to understand the background and meaning of events. Joining a history club to discuss with others will help you develop your critical (批判性的) thinking and learn about new points of view. You can also learn history in different ways, such as books, documentaries, and museums, to get a more complete picture of history. For example, visiting historical sites (历史遗迹) is not only helpful but interesting. Travelling to places and seeing the actual sites where historical events happened can greatly enrich your understanding. Another way to learn history is to connect it with your own life. Try to connect the events and people in history with present events. Think about how historical events have influenced the world around you and how they are connected with your own life. This helps make history more useful and meaningful. Remember, history is all around us and within us. It’s a part of who we are and where we’re going! 1．What is an effective way to learn history according to the passage? A．By just listing events from the past. B．By performing a historical play. C．By only memorizing dates and names. D．By asking questions and discussing with others. 2．If you want to study the history of the Terracotta Army, which way from the passage is both helpful and interesting? A．Memorizing the dates and names of the Terracotta Army. B．Visiting the Terracotta Army Museum in Xi’an to see it in person. C．Reading textbooks and taking notes on its historical dates. D．Collecting online resources about the number of terracotta warriors. 3．Why does the passage suggest connecting history with your own life? A．Because that can develop our critical thinking. B．Because we can get new opinions from other people. C．Because it makes history more useful and meaningful. D．Because we can get a more complete picture of history. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Historical sites help us learn history better. B．Memorizing facts is the key to history learning. C．We can learn history better through some good methods. D．We can learn history better by connecting it with our own life. From lunch boxes and drinking bottles to furniture and clothes, plastic is used to make lots of everyday things. When these things are thrown away, some of them end up in the sea. The plastic takes hundreds of years to break down. Biodegradable (可生物降解的) plastics were invented to deal with this problem. Biodegradable plastics can break down naturally, but the new problem is that they can not break down completely in the sea. Instead, they break down into very small pieces called microplastics, which are often eaten by fish, birds and other animals. The microplastics are known to be harmful. Recently, scientists have invented a new kind of plastic which could help solve this micro plastic problem. Unlike other biodegradable plastics, the new plastic fully dissolves (溶解) in salty seawater. When the new plastic dissolves, it breaks up into the separate substances (物质). And then small living things in seawater can break them down completely. Studies have shown that the plastic can break down in a few hours in seawater, and in around 10 days in soil. The new plastic has other advantages, too. It is not poisonous. When it is burned, the gas it produces won’t pollute the environment. The plastic can be made hard or shaped into different forms at temperatures above 120℃, so it could be used to make various kinds of things. Takuzo Aida, who led the research, said the new plastic is “strong and recyclable”, and can be used in lots of ways, for example, in replacing single-use plastics. An expert called the idea “a promising (有前景的) product to deal with sea pollution”. 1．Which of the following is TRUE about biodegradable plastics? A．They are unable to break down naturally. B．It takes hundreds of years for them to break down. C．They can break down completely in the sea. D．They produce microplastics that harm animals. 2．How does the passage show the advantages (优点) of the new kind of plastic? ①By telling stories.    ②By raising questions.    ③By giving facts.    ④By offering opinions. A．①③ B．①② C．③④ D．②④ 3．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To tell the value of plastic. B．To show the plastic products. C．To introduce a new kind of plastic. D．To explain the problems of plastic. The Hainan Free Trade Port (FTP) (海南自由贸易港) began island-wide special customs operations on Dec.18th, 2025. It’s a landmark of China’s high-standard opening-up. The milestone development is set to inject strong, sustained (持久的) momentum (动力) into the high-quality development of both Hainan Province and the whole country, and into economic integration regionally (地区性地) and globally (全球地). It is also expected to provide a huge boost for free trade. With rich natural resources and the advantages of being backed by China’s mega-market, the Hainan FTP covers the entirety of the 33,900-square-kilometer Hainan Island. The FTP currently has 8 open ports and 10 second-line customs ports. China aims to build the Hainan FTP into an important gateway that leads the country’s opening-up in the new era. Since Dec.18th, the share of zero-tariff (零关税) products in the Hainan FTP has surged from 21 percent to 74 percent, with the number of tariff-free items expanding from about 1,900 to more than 6,600. As a pilot zone for the comprehensive deepening of reform and opening-up, Hainan will manage to build new systems for a higher-level open economy. In the near future, Hainan FTP will take the lead in exploring further institutional opening-up, share development opportunities through open, win-win cooperation. MINI DICTIONARY inject /ɪn'dʒekt/ v.: add a new or exciting quality into a situation eg: inject new energy into the movement. integration /ˌɪntɪ'greɪʃ(ə)n/n.: the act or process of combining two or more things so that they work together eg: an integration of tradition and new technology.China’s mega-market: China’s large and important market comprehensive /ˌkɒmprɪ'hensɪv/ adj.: including almost all the details, facts, information etc. eg: a comprehensive study/review/list/guide 1．How many ports does the Hainan FTP currently have in total? A．8 B．10 C．18 D．20 2．According to the article, what advantages does the Hainan FTP have? A．Advanced technology and a large workforce. B．Rich natural resources and China’s huge market. C．Strong military support and strategic location. D．Low population density and abundant farmland. 3．To better support the topic sentence of Paragraph 3, the writer ________. A．gives examples B．asks questions C．uses pictures D．lists numbers 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 阅读理解之说明文15篇 （陕西专用） 内容导航 内容速递 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 内容速递 本资料共15篇专项训练 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 Lightning usually destroys trees it hits. But scientists have found an amazing tree. It not only lives through lightning strikes (击中) but actually grows better because of them! For years, scientists thought lightning was only bad for trees. But as they explored places like the Amazon rainforest, they started to think there could be trees that fight against lightning. It wasn’t until about 100 years ago that such “super trees” were discovered. Now, they know of a tree that uses lightning’s power to kill nearby trees and get more sunlight and nutrients (营养) for itself. In 2015, scientist Evan Gora saw a Dipteryx oleifera tree (香豆树) , which had been struck by strong lightning. It wasn’t badly harmed while the neighboring trees were killed. Scientists thought this tree could handle lightning, but there was no way to be sure. Gora and his team saw more of these trees that grew well after lightning strikes. So, they did a study. They followed 93 trees struck by lightning for 2-6 years. They found that all 9 Dipteryx oleifera trees in the study survived with little harm. But 84 other trees were badly hurt, and 64% of them died within two years. These Dipteryx oleifera trees are very tall and have wide tops, making them 68% more likely to be struck by lightning than other trees. During the study, one of the Dipteryx oleifera trees was struck twice in5 years but continued to grow well. At present, more studies suggest that these trees attract lightning on purpose to destroy other trees and get more nutrients. Scientists are not sure how these trees survive lightning, but they guess it may involve the trees’ ability to carry electricity. They are also interested in other trees with similar characteristics. 1．What is special about the Dipteryx oleifera tree? A．It grows better after being hit by lightning. B．It dies quickly after lightning hits. C．It avoids lightning by hiding under other trees. D．It takes in nutrients directly from lightning. 2．The underlined word “handle” means “_________” in the passage. A．give away B．give out C．deal with D．suffer from 3．Why do some trees attract lightning on purpose? A．To get more space. B．To grow stronger and taller. C．To kill nearby trees for growth. D．To protect other trees around them. 4．What might scientists do next according to the passage? A．Do more studies about Dipteryx oleifera trees. B．Look for more trees that can survive lightning. C．Study how trees attract lightning better. D．Plant more Dipteryx oleifera trees. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种特殊的香豆树，它不仅能在雷击后存活，反而生长得更好。科学家发现这类树木会主动吸引雷击，利用闪电杀死周围树木，从而获取更多阳光和养分；文章还介绍了相关研究过程与后续研究方向。 1．根据第1段中的“It not only lives through lightning strikes (击中) but actually grows better because of them!”可知，香豆树的特别之处是它不仅能在雷击后存活，而且会变得更好！ 2．根据第4段中的“It wasn’t badly harmed while the neighboring trees were killed. Scientists thought this tree could handle lightning, but there was no way to be sure.”可知，当邻近的树木被杀死时，它并没有受到严重伤害。科学家们认为这棵树可以应对闪电，此处handle的意思是“处理、应对”，与deal with“处理、应对”意思一致。 3．根据第3段“Now, they know of a tree that uses lightning’s power to kill nearby trees and get more sunlight and nutrients (营养) for itself.”可知，有些树会故意吸引闪电，是因为它们想利用闪电的力量杀死附近的树木，为自己获得更多的阳光和营养。 4．根据最后1段中的“Scientists are not sure how these trees survive lightning, but they guess it may involve the trees’ ability to carry electricity. They are also interested in other trees with similar characteristics.”可知，科学家们不确定这些树木是如何在闪电中存活的，他们也对其他具有相似特征的树木感兴趣，因此他们可能寻找更多能在闪电中存活的树木。 Weiqi, commonly known as Go in English, is a board game that originated in ancient China. The game is considered one of the Four Arts that Chinese literators’ were required to master. Besides weiqi, they had to learn Chinese calligraphy (shu), painting (hua) and the guqin playing (qin). Weiqi has a history of over 4,000 years, even older than Chinese chess. According to some historical records, the game, known as yi in its early years, is said to have been invented by Yao. Seeing that his son had a bad temper (脾气), Yao was rather worried. So he decided to find something that could help educate his son, and a simple board game came to him. The rules of weiqi are simple: using black and white stones (棋子), two players take turns placing their stones on empty cross points of the board. The goal is to surround (包围) a larger total area on the board while preventing one’s own stones from being taken by the opponent (对手). Stones do not move and are only taken off the board if they are completely surrounded. The scene of two people playing weiqi appears in many traditional Chinese paintings. The image of a player holding a stone over the board, looking for a place to put it, was later turned into a popular Chinese idiom (成语), which means “unsure about making a move”. The expression is still widely used today. With its development, weiqi grew in popularity. Later, it spread to the Korean Peninsula, Japan and Western countries. Today, it has become an international board game. * The word “literator” means a person who is learned or read well, especially in classical literature. 1．The underlined expression “unsure about making a move” means “_________” in the passage. A．出其不意 B．棋逢对手 C．举棋不定 D．观棋不语 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．Weiqi is a simple board game that is mainly enjoyed by the old. B．Weiqi has a history of more than five thousand years. C．The player who surrounds a smaller total area of the board wins the game. D．Weiqi has become more and more popular around the world. 3．In which part of a magazine can you probably read the passage? A．Travel. B．Science. C．Culture. D．Health. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了围棋的起源、历史、规则、文化内涵及传播发展。 1．根据第4段中的“The image of a player holding a stone over the board, looking for a place to put it, was later turned into a popular Chinese idiom (成语), which means ‘unsure about making a move’.”可知，一个选手拿着一颗棋子在棋盘上寻找放置它的地方的形象后来变成了一个流行的中国成语，意思是“举棋不定”。 2．根据第5段中的“With its development, weiqi grew in popularity. Later, it spread to the Korean Peninsula, Japan and Western countries. Today, it has become an international board game.”可知，随着围棋的发展，围棋越来越受欢迎。后来，它传播到朝鲜半岛、日本和西方国家。如今，它已成为一种国际棋盘游戏。可知“围棋在世界各地越来越受欢迎。” 3．文章围绕围棋的历史、文化意义展开，核心是介绍中国传统棋类文化。因此，文章可能出现在Culture“文化”板块。 During the 2026 National People’s Congress and Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (两会), National People’s Congress representative Li Hui proposed suggestions for preventing and controlling myopia (近视) in young children. Eyes are the windows of people’s soul (心灵). They play a big part in our lives. However, some children do not take care of their eyes properly. Most of them have some bad habits of using eyes. What should you do to protect eyes? First, sleep at least eight hours every day. It is a good way for eyes to rest. At the same time, loss of sleep may cause dark circles around your eyes. Second, it is important to have a balanced diet. Fresh vegetables, fruit, eggs, meat, fish and milk are good for eyes. Your body needs to get different kinds of nutrition (营养物质). At last, you should use your eyes healthily. If you read books or play computer games for a long time, your eyes will be tired. Doing eye exercises, closing the eyes for a while, or looking far into the distance can help you relax eyes. If not, you will have a bad eyesight. Eyes are important for everyone. Cherish your eyes, and your life will be colorful! 1．The writer wrote the passage to ask us to________. A．have a balanced diet B．sleep early and get up early C．protect eyes D．have healthy eating habits 2．If you read books for a long time, what can you do to relax? a. Watch TV.         b. Do eye exercises.     c. Play computer games. d. Look far into the distance.     e. Close the eyes. A．abc B．bde C．cde D．ade 3．Which is the correct structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要围绕如何保护眼睛展开，先提出保护眼睛的话题，接着从睡眠、饮食、健康用眼等方面阐述保护眼睛的方法，最后强调眼睛的重要性并呼吁珍惜眼睛。 1．第二段提到“What should you do to protect eyes?”，且后文围绕保护眼睛的方法展开论述，这直接表明作者写这篇文章是让我们保护眼睛。 2．第四段提到“If you read books or play computer games for a long time, your eyes will be tired. Doing eye exercises, closing the eyes for a while, or looking far into the distance can help you relax eyes.”，说明长时间读书后，做眼保健操、闭上眼睛一会儿或者向远处眺望能放松眼睛，即bde。 3．第一段提出人大代表提出预防和控制儿童近视的建议，引出保护眼睛的话题；第二段指出眼睛很重要以及一些孩子用眼习惯不好并引出如何保护眼睛；第三、四、五段分别从睡眠、饮食、健康用眼方面阐述保护眼睛的方法；第六段强调眼睛的重要性并呼吁珍惜眼睛。所以文章结构是P1/P2P3P4P5P6。 Have you ever wished learning could be as easy and fun as watching your favorite short videos? A group of Chinese short-video creators are creatively making this happen. These creators turn boring and difficult knowledge into interesting and useful stories, covering everything from ancient history to modern technology. Many people can’t help but say, “After watching the video just once, I’ve already grasped some things I couldn’t understand from textbooks.” Chen Lei, who is known as Hunzi Ge, is one of these creators. A video of less than five minutes often takes him over five hours to produce. In Chen’s opinion, the love for traditional culture is deep in the hearts of Chinese people. “It’s just that many people haven’t found the door yet. I hope to be the one who opens it so that people can learn with a smile,” he said. Another creator, Tang Shiwei, also known as Gu Mao, tells stories about history and cultural treasures in museums in the style of xiangsheng (cross-talk). The interesting explanations help attract greater public interest in museums. They bring science, history, and culture to many people who might never have thought of walking into a museum. “As long as something helps make museums more popular, we’ll keep doing it,” Tang said. These “knowledge translators” not only help spread culture but also make the journey of learning enjoyable for everyone. They’re making a real difference. Their humor and easy-to-understand style have won many people’s hearts. 1．How long does it usually take Chen Lei to make a short video? A．Less than five minutes. B．About one hour. C．Over five hours. D．A whole day. 2．The underlined word “grasped” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”. A．forgotten completely B．got clearly C．written down D．looked for 3．Why does Tang Shiwei tell stories in the style of xiangsheng? A．To become a famous actor. B．To sell tickets for the museums. C．To make museums more popular. D．To show he is good at telling jokes. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Famous Creators in China B．How to Make Short Videos C．The History of Chinese Museums D．Learning Becomes Fun with Short Videos 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一群中国短视频创作者将枯燥难懂的知识变成有趣有用的故事，让学习变得轻松有趣，还介绍了创作者陈雷和唐世威的具体做法及意义。 1．第三段提到：“A video of less than five minutes often takes him over five hours to produce.”说明陈雷制作一个不到五分钟的视频通常要花五个多小时。 2．第二段提到：“Many people can’t help but say, ‘After watching the video just once, I’ve already grasped some things I couldn’t understand from textbooks.’”很多人说看一次视频就掌握了一些从课本上理解不了的东西，由此可推测“grasped”意思是“清楚地得到，掌握”，与“got clearly”意思相近。 3．第四段提到：“The interesting explanations help attract greater public interest in museums. They bring science, history, and culture to many people who might never have thought of walking into a museum. ‘As long as something helps make museums more popular, we’ll keep doing it,’ Tang said.”说明唐世威用相声的风格讲故事是为了让博物馆更受欢迎。 4．第一段“Have you ever wished learning could be as easy and fun as watching your favorite short videos? A group of Chinese short-video creators are creatively making this happen.”点明主旨，一群中国短视频创作者让学习像看喜欢的短视频一样轻松有趣，D选项“Learning Becomes Fun with Short Videos”符合主旨。 Long ago, in ancient China, there was a story about the invention of silk. People believed that silk was first invented by Leizu. She learned how to make cocoons (蚕茧) into soft and strong cloth. This magical cloth was so valuable that it was called “China’s Gold”. Following kings’ orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for centuries. During the Han Dynasty, the brave officer Zhang Qian travelled west as far as Central Asia and brought silk there. As years passed by, silk became so important that the trade road from Europe to China got its name — the Silk Road. The Silk Road became a busy highway for traders. From China, people sold silk and tea. In return, they received treasures such as spices (香料), gold and silver from the West. At first, it was mainly about trade; then people began to share ideas, technologies and cultures. Most importantly, the Silk Road helped different cultures learn from each other. Art, music and even language were shared along this ancient road. In places like the Dunhuang Grottoes (敦煌石窟) in China, you can see how art pieces combined (融合) Eastern and Western styles into something distinctive. It can not be seen anywhere else. The story of the Silk Road tells us how people from faraway lands could become friends through trade and shared ideas. Today, we remember the Silk Road as one of the greatest examples of cooperation and exchange in history. It shows us how important it is to learn about and respect each other’s traditions, and that different cultures can work together to create amazing things. 1．According to Paragraph 3, ________ were spread from China to the West. A．silk and gold B．tea and silk C．spices and silver D．new ideas of science 2．What does the underlined word “distinctive” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Special. B．Public. C．Popular. D．Strong. 3．What is the right order of the following facts from the passage? ①Zhang Qian travelled west with silk. ②Art and language were shared along the Silk Road. ③Traders from China and the West exchanged things. ④The Chinese were ordered to keep the secret of making silk. A．①→④→③→② B．①→③→④→② C．④→①→③→② D．④→③→②→① 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Silk was invented during the Han Dynasty. B．The Silk Road was mainly used for trading spices. C．The Dunhuang Grottoes show art that combines Eastern and Western styles. D．The secret of making silk was shared with the world immediately after its invention. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了丝绸的起源、丝绸之路的开辟历程，介绍了丝绸之路在促进东西方贸易、文化交流中的重要作用，以及其在历史上的合作与交流意义。 1．第3段第2句“From China, people sold silk and tea.”交代了从中国销往西方的是丝绸和茶叶。 2．原文第4段中，画线词distinctive的后一句补充说明“It can not be seen anywhere else.”，即这种融合了东西方风格的艺术品在其他地方看不到，因此distinctive含义为“独特的、与众不同的”，和Special语义一致。 3．结合原文梳理事件发生顺序： 首先是事件④：原文第一段最后一句提到“Following kings’ orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for centuries.”，保守丝绸制作秘密是丝绸发明后最早发生的事件；接下来是事件①：原文第二段提到“During the Han Dynasty, the brave officer Zhang Qian travelled west as far as Central Asia and brought silk there.”，汉代张骞西行带丝绸，发生在保守秘密之后； 然后是事件③：原文第三段提到“The Silk Road became a busy highway for traders. From China, people sold silk and tea. In return, they received treasures such as spices, gold and silver from the West.”，丝绸之路开通后，中西方商人开始商品交换，发生在张骞西行之后； 最后是事件②：原文第四段提到“Most importantly, the Silk Road helped different cultures learn from each other. Art, music and even language were shared along this ancient road.”，艺术、语言等文化分享是贸易发展之后逐步产生的，是最后发生的事件。 因此正确顺序为④→①→③→②。 4．根据第4段第3句“In places like the Dunhuang Grottoes in China, you can see how art pieces combined Eastern and Western styles into something distinctive.”可知，敦煌石窟展示了融合东西方风格的艺术作品，C项表述和原文完全一致。 Would you be brave enough to cross a bridge that touches the clouds? The Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge (花江峡谷大桥) in Guizhou province is now open to the public. The bridge stands about 625 meters above a river, making it both the world’s highest bridge and the largest span (最大跨度的) bridge built in a mountainous area. Guizhou is a mountainous area, and traveling between towns used to take a long time. Before the bridge was built, driving across the canyon took about two hours on roads. Now, the trip takes only two minutes. The bridge will help people travel more easily, connect cities, and lower costs for businesses. The bridge also offers fun activities for visitors. A high-speed glass lift can take people up 800 meters to a coffee shop in the clouds. The shop owner says that looking down at the mountains while drinking coffee “feels like drinking with nature”. Brave visitors can also try bungee jumping (蹦极) or walk along a glass walkway. Building of the bridge started in January 2022 and took more than three and a half years. The bridge weighs about 22, 000 tons. To make sure it was safe, engineers carried out a five-day test in August. A team drove 18, then 48, and finally 96 heavy trucks onto different parts of the bridge. Guizhou has about 40 million people. In recent years, the province has built many bridges to help people travel and reduce poverty (贫困) . Now it has over 32, 000 bridges, compared with only 2, 900 in the 1980s. It is also home to the world’s second-highest bridge, the Duge Bridge, which opened in 2016. 1．What advantages can the building of the Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge bring? ①People travel more easily.         ②Cities are connected. ③Guizhou culture can be spread more widely.     ④Businesses’ costs are lowered. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 2．Better support how safe the bridge is in Paragraph 4, the writer ________. A．asks a question B．tells a story C．lists numbers D．comparcs differences 3．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The development of bridges in China. B．Famous canyons in China. C．Guizhou’s interesting tourist places. D．A newly-built bridge in Guizhou. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了贵州花江峡谷大桥的基本情况、带来的交通与经济价值、配套旅游项目、建设过程与安全测试，以及贵州桥梁建设的发展现状。 1．对应第2段：文中明确提到“The bridge will help people travel more easily, connect cities, and lower costs for businesses.”，对应①人们出行更便捷、②城市连通、④企业成本降低；③“贵州文化更广泛传播”原文未提及，因此选①②④。 2．对应第4段：为说明桥梁的安全性，作者列举了“22,000 tons”“five-day test”“18, then 48, and finally 96 heavy trucks”等具体数据，通过列数字的方式支撑观点。 3．对应全文：文章围绕贵州新建的花江峡谷大桥展开，介绍其特点、作用、建设等内容，核心主旨是介绍这座新建的大桥。 What color is the sun? That sounds like a pretty easy question, doesn’t it? Many people would say “yellow” right away. But, actually, the sun gives off light in all the colors of the rainbow. But it looks yellow to us here on Earth. ▲ First, we need to understand how we see colors. Humans have three types of cone cells (视锥细胞) in our eyes, known as L, M and S. They help us see long wavelengths (波长) (toward the red end), medium wavelengths (yellow and green) and short wavelengths (blue). When light reaches these cells, they send messages to the brain. The brain uses the messages to decide what color we see. If all three cells send equally (均等地) strong messages, we see white light. That’s what happens with sunlight. Astronauts in space see the sun as white, but when sunlight hits Earth’s atmosphere (大气), things start to change. Shorter light waves like blue spread out easily. The longer waves of red, yellow and orange reach our eyes more easily. Imagine sunlight as a group of colorful balls flying through the sky. When they hit the atmosphere, the blue ones go in diverse directions. They bounce (反射) and spread to every part of the sky above us. That’s why we see the sky as blue. At the same time, red and yellow ones go straight through the air and reach our eyes. This explains why the sun looks red, orange or yellow, depending on the time of day. Now you see why the question in the beginning isn’t as simple as it seems. But to all of us on Earth, the sun will always look like a shining golden ball. 1．How does the writer begin the text? A．By asking a question. B．By telling a story. C．By listing some numbers. D．By showing a picture. 2．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ”? A．Why is that? B．How far is the sun from us? C．How big is the sun? D．What is sunlight made of? 3．The underlined word “diverse” probably means “ _____”. A．similar B．special C．different D．straight 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 【导语】本文解释了为什么太阳本身发出的光是彩虹的所有颜色，但在地球上看起来是黄色的科学原理。 1．文章以“What color is the sun? That sounds like a pretty easy question, doesn’t it?”这一问题开头，引出下文的解释。 2．前文提到太阳发出所有颜色的光，但在地球上看起来是黄色的，下文紧接着解释这一现象的原因，因此此处应填入“Why is that?”，起到过渡作用。 3．文中提到“the blue ones go in diverse directions. They bounce and spread to every part of the sky above us”，说明蓝色光线会向不同方向散射，因此“diverse”在此处的含义与“different”相近。 During the Spring Festival, humanoid (人形的) robots have become popular across China. They appeared not only at the Spring Festival Gala but also in local cultural shows. In Jiangxi Province, two robots joined dancers on stage and moved smoothly to popular music. Their performance (表演) amazed people. Shi Zhongwei, CEO of Shanghai Embody Deep, said, “Robots are not just industrial tools. They can become digital actors and cultural symbols.” He added that the robots may also perform with Huangmei Opera groups in the future. In Shandong Province, the Robotics Industry Association held a special show with over 200 robots and robot dogs. The programs included acrobatics (杂技), martial arts, dance and short plays. Robots played drums and told jokes. Before going on stage, the robots were trained for two months in simulated (模拟的) environments. Across China, robot training centers are helping robots become smarter. At one robot school, robots receive daily training in 11 fields, including organizing car parts, industrial work, services and home care. “Our goal is to help them understand the world like humans,” said Su Kairui, head of a robot training center. Thanks to AI development, the robotics industry has grown faster than expected. Robots are moving from shows into everyday life. This Spring Festival, many families bought robots as special gifts. Jinan resident Wang Yan bought one to keep her pets company, help her children practice English, and chat with elders. “It’s not just a toy anymore. It’s becoming a long-term AI friend,” Wang said. 1．What did the robots do in Jiangxi Province? A． B． C． D． 2．Robots at the robot school become smarter by ________. A．playing with other robots B．studying in classrooms like students C．receiving daily training in different fields D．performing acrobatics on stage every morning 3．Why did Wang Yan buy a robot during the Spring Festival? A．To help with daily tasks at home. B．To give it as a gift to her friend. C．To act as a teacher in a local school. D．To work in an industrial factory. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．A Special Robot School in Shandong B．The Future of Robots in Factories C．How to Train Your Robot at Home D．The Rise of Robots in China 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了春节期间中国机器人行业的发展现状，从舞台表演、工业应用到家庭使用，展现了机器人从工具向数字演员、文化符号和AI伙伴的转变。 1．原文第一段提到“In Jiangxi Province, two robots joined dancers on stage and moved smoothly to popular music.”，说明江西的机器人和舞者一起跳舞，对应选项B的图片。 2．原文第四段提到“At one robot school, robots receive daily training in 11 fields, including organizing car parts, industrial work, services and home care.”，说明机器人学校的机器人通过在不同领域接受日常训练变得更智能。 3．原文第五段提到“Jinan resident Wang Yan bought one to keep her pets company, help her children practice English, and chat with elders.”，说明她买机器人是为了帮忙处理家庭日常事务。 4．全文围绕中国机器人行业的发展，从舞台表演、训练中心到家庭应用，展现了机器人在中国的兴起与普及，“The Rise of Robots in China”最能概括主旨。 The 2026 Spring Festival Gala is popular around the world. Among all the wonderful shows, the program Wu BOT has won wide praise rather than singing, dancing and so on. It shows the perfect mix of the modern technology and traditional Chinese culture. In this amazing program, smart robots work together with real Kung Fu artists. They perform (表演) Chinese Kung Fu movements, such as drunken fist, horse stances and nunchaku. The robots are designed with traditional Chinese elements (元素). They not only perform classic Kung Fu but also show the spirit of traditional culture. Their actions are smooth and exact, making the audience amazed. Many foreigners highly praised this program. They are surprised by China’s rapid development in science and technology. They think the robots are creative and well-designed. At the same time, they show great interest in traditional Chinese culture, especially Chinese Kung Fu. They say this program helps them learn more about China’s long history and colorful culture. Wu BOT is more than a great performance. It is a bridge between the old and the new. It uses modern technology to spread traditional Chinese culture to the world. This wonderful show is popular with people of all ages and becomes one of the most unforgettable moments of the gala. 1．Which program is widely praised in the 2026 Spring Festival Gala? A．Singing songs. B．Wu BOT. C．Dancing. D．Chinese Kung Fu. 2．The smart robots didn’t perform ________. A．drunken fist B．horse stances C．long boxing D．nunchaku 3．What can we infer from the foreigners’ comments in the third paragraph? A．They don’t like this program. B．China has made great progress in science and technology. C．Chinese robots are less creative. D．They learn little about China’s long history and colorful culture. 4．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To introduce the program Wu BOT from the 2026 Spring Festival Gala. B．To show the mix of modern technology and traditional Chinese culture. C．To tell us how Wu BOT helps spread Chinese culture to the world. D．All of the above. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了2026年春晚中广受好评的节目《Wu BOT》，该节目将现代科技与中国传统文化相结合，展示了机器人与功夫艺术家共同表演中国功夫，并受到国内外观众的高度评价。 1．根据第一段中“Among all the wonderful shows, the program Wu BOT has won wide praise rather than singing, dancing and so on.”可知，在2026年春晚中，获得广泛赞誉的节目是Wu BOT。 2．根据第二段中“They perform Chinese Kung Fu movements, such as drunken fist, horse stances and nunchaku.”可知，智能机器人表演了醉拳、马步和双节棍，文中未提到“long boxing”。 3．根据第三段中“Many foreigners highly praised this program. They are surprised by China’s rapid development in science and technology.”可知，外国人对中国在科技方面的快速发展感到惊讶，由此可推断中国在科技方面取得了巨大进步。 4．文章第一段引出Wu BOT节目并指出它展示了现代科技与传统文化的完美结合；第二段具体介绍节目内容；第三段讲外国人的评价；最后一段总结该节目的意义——连接新旧、用科技向世界传播中国文化。因此，A、B、C三项均为本文的写作目的。 Shadow puppetry is one of the oldest and most amazing traditional arts in China. It has a history of more than 2,000 years, starting from the Western Han Dynasty. Before television and films appeared, shadow puppetry was the main form of entertainment (娱乐) for many Chinese people. The puppets are usually made of cowhide (牛皮) or sheepskin (羊皮). Skilled artists cut the leather into different shapes and paint them with bright colors. Each puppet has special joints so that its head, arms and legs can move freely. During a show, performers stand behind a white cloth screen. They use small sticks to control the puppets, and strong lights make clear shadows on the screen. At the same time, music and singing tell wonderful stories about history, heroes and traditional culture. In the past, shadow puppetry was popular not only in China but also in many other countries. It even influenced the development of early movies. Today, this traditional art is in danger of disappearing, so more people are trying to protect it. In 2011, Chinese shadow puppetry was added to the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List. It is not only a treasure of China, but also a gift to the whole world. 1．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to make shadow puppets. B．The history of Western Han Dynasty. C．A modern art form. D．An introduction to Chinese shadow puppetry. 2．What does the underlined word “joints” mean in Chinese? A．合办 B．关节 C．参加 D．联合 3．Why do people try to protect shadow puppetry now? A．Because it is expensive. B．Because it is in danger of disappearing. C．Because it is only for old people. D．Because it is a traditional culture in China. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇介绍中国皮影戏的说明文，从多个维度介绍了这项传统艺术。 1．文章从皮影戏的历史、制作、表演、现状等多个方面，全面介绍了中国皮影戏。 2．“Each puppet has special joints so that its head, arms and legs can move freely”，皮影有这个东西之后，它的各个部位可以灵活地移动，选项中“关节”最合适。 3．第三段中提到“Today, this traditional art is in danger of disappearing, so more people are trying to protect it.” (如今，这项传统艺术正面临消失的危险，所以更多人在努力保护它)，从此可以了解到要保护皮影戏的原因。 重难语篇练习 Nowadays, the Earth is facing more and more serious environmental problems because of human activities. With the rapid development of industry and transportation, more people drive private cars, burn fossil fuels (化石燃料) every day, and cut down large areas of forests for land and wood. As a result, the air is becoming heavily polluted, and the global temperature keeps rising year by year. Many rivers and lakes are polluted by waste water from factories, so we can hardly see clean water or healthy fish in them. What is worse, plenty of wild animals are losing their living areas and food resources (资源), putting many types of animals in great danger of dying out. Nature is very important for all human beings. It provides us with fresh air, clean water, rich resources and a comfortable environment. Trees can take in harmful gases and produce oxygen, making the air fresher and healthier. They can also stop the soil from being washed away and cool the temperature around us. Animals and plants play an important role in keeping the balance of nature, so protecting them is protecting ourselves. It is our duty to protect the Earth. We can take small but clear action in our daily life. We can save water by turning off taps while brushing teeth and reusing waste water to clean the floor. We can save electricity by turning off lights, fans and TVs when leaving rooms. We should use cloth bags instead of plastic ones while shopping. We can choose to walk, ride bikes or take buses instead of driving cars. We can also sort rubbish into different groups and pick up litter in the street. What’s more, we can plant trees and flowers every year and ask more people to join in environmental protection. If everyone takes simple but helpful action, our Earth will become greener, safer and more beautiful for all living things in the near future. 1．To better support the topic sentence of Paragraph 2, the writer ________. A．asks questions B．lists numbers C．explains reasons D．uses pictures 2．The underlined word “sort” means “ ________” in the passage. A．turn B．divide C．fall D．mix 3．What can we do to protect the Earth according to the passage? A．Use waste water to clean the floor. B．Leave rooms with the lights on. C．Use plastic bags while shopping. D．Put all the rubbish together. 4．The passage is probably from ________. A．a novel B．an ad C．a post D．a newspaper 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文围绕地球面临的环境问题展开，阐述了自然对人类的重要性，并提出了日常生活中可践行的环保行动，呼吁人们共同守护地球家园。 1．第2段的主题句是“Nature is very important for all human beings.”，后文通过介绍树木、动植物的作用来解释自然重要的原因，以此支撑主题句。 2．“sort rubbish into different groups”意为将垃圾分成不同类别，“sort”在此处的意思是“划分、分类”，对应divide。 3．原文第3段提到“We can save water by turning off taps while brushing teeth and reusing waste water to clean the floor.”说明我们可以通过刷牙时关掉水龙头、重复利用废水来清洁地板的方式节约用水，A项表述正确。 4．本文是一篇环保主题的说明文，内容贴近大众生活，符合报纸专栏的文体特征，因此最可能出自报纸。 Cherries are one of China’s favorite fruits. This winter, you can see them in almost every fruit shop. Most of these dark red, juicy fruits come from Chile by ship. The trip takes about 30 days. Have you ever wondered how they stay fresh for so long? The secret is a technology called Controlled Atmosphere (CA). Fruits and vegetables still “breathe” after they are picked. In a normal place, they react with the air, which makes them go bad faster. Microorganisms (微生物) in the air also make them spoil* more quickly. But CA technology creates a safer place for fruits and vegetables. It reduces the oxygen (O2) level in the storage** area. This slows down the fruits’ activities. At the same time, it adds more carbon dioxide (CO2), and sometimes a little nitrogen (N2). The temperature and humidity*** are also changed to “put the fruits to sleep”. But how did this technology develop over time? The idea of CA technology is not new. It started in the 1800s. In the 1920s, Franklin Kidd and Cyril West from Cambridge University studied how fruits breathe. This led to the first apple storage using “gas storage” in 1929. Later, Robert Smock from Cornell University made the technology better. He wanted to make local apples last longer, and his work helped McIntosh apples stay fresh until spring. Today, CA technology is used in many ways. It helps keep products fresh in cold storage places, food packaging and even the flower industry. It makes sure that fruits, food and flowers stay fresh for a long time, even after traveling far. Mini dictionary spoil* /spɔɪl/ v. to become bad so that it can no longer be eaten: If you leave milk out of the fridge, it will spoil soon. storage** /’stɔːrɪdʒ/ n. the act of keeping things (like food, clothes, or toys) in a place when you don’t use them right now: Our house has a small storage room for old toys and books. humidity*** /hjuː’mɪdəti/ n. the amount of water in the air: After a hot shower, the humidity in the bathroom is very high. 1．What will you most probably do if you plan to design a storage system for fresh flowers using CA technology? A．Add more O2 to help the flowers breathe better. B．Lower the temperature and humidity to slow down the flowers’ activities. C．Add more CO2 and reduce O2 to keep the flowers fresh. D．Put the flowers in direct sunlight to make them grow faster. 2．Which of the following is the writer’s opinion? A．The trip from Chile takes about 30 days. B．CA technology was first used for apple storage in 1929. C．Robert Smock improved the CA technology for McIntosh apples. D．CA technology is very useful, and can be used in many industries. 3．In which part of a newspaper can we probably find the passage? A．Culture Links. B．Science Center. C．The World. D．Education Focus. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了气调保鲜（CA）技术的原理、发展历程及应用。 1．文章第三段“It reduces the oxygen level in the storage area.…it adds more carbon dioxide”可知，CA技术的核心是降低氧气、增加二氧化碳来减缓果蔬活性。 2．最后一段指出“Today, CA technology is used in many ways. It helps keep products fresh in cold storage places, food packaging and even the flower industry.”，这体现了作者对CA技术实用性和广泛应用性的评价，属于作者的观点；而选项A、B、C均为文中客观陈述的事实，并非作者的主观看法。 3．本文围绕CA保鲜技术展开，属于科技类内容，因此我们可能在科学板块找到这篇文章。 History is more than just a list of events from the past, and it’s full of human experience and knowledge. By studying history, we can learn from the successes and failures of those who came before us. We can also get a better understanding of the world we live in today. Here are some methods to help you on your history-learning journey. To learn history effectively (有效地), it’s important to be interested and ask questions. Don’t just memorize dates and names, but try to understand the background and meaning of events. Joining a history club to discuss with others will help you develop your critical (批判性的) thinking and learn about new points of view. You can also learn history in different ways, such as books, documentaries, and museums, to get a more complete picture of history. For example, visiting historical sites (历史遗迹) is not only helpful but interesting. Travelling to places and seeing the actual sites where historical events happened can greatly enrich your understanding. Another way to learn history is to connect it with your own life. Try to connect the events and people in history with present events. Think about how historical events have influenced the world around you and how they are connected with your own life. This helps make history more useful and meaningful. Remember, history is all around us and within us. It’s a part of who we are and where we’re going! 1．What is an effective way to learn history according to the passage? A．By just listing events from the past. B．By performing a historical play. C．By only memorizing dates and names. D．By asking questions and discussing with others. 2．If you want to study the history of the Terracotta Army, which way from the passage is both helpful and interesting? A．Memorizing the dates and names of the Terracotta Army. B．Visiting the Terracotta Army Museum in Xi’an to see it in person. C．Reading textbooks and taking notes on its historical dates. D．Collecting online resources about the number of terracotta warriors. 3．Why does the passage suggest connecting history with your own life? A．Because that can develop our critical thinking. B．Because we can get new opinions from other people. C．Because it makes history more useful and meaningful. D．Because we can get a more complete picture of history. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Historical sites help us learn history better. B．Memorizing facts is the key to history learning. C．We can learn history better through some good methods. D．We can learn history better by connecting it with our own life. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文阐述了历史学习的价值，并介绍了三种有效学习历史的方法：保持兴趣并提问、多方获取历史认知、将历史与个人生活关联。 1．对应第2段，文中提到“To learn history effectively, it's important to be interested and ask questions... Joining a history club to discuss with others...”，可知通过提问和与他人讨论是学习历史的有效方式。 2．对应第3段，文中提到“visiting historical sites is not only helpful but interesting. Travelling to places and seeing the actual sites...can greatly enrich your understanding.”，亲自参观兵马俑博物馆既有益又有趣。 3．对应第4段，文中提到“Try to connect the events and people in history with present events...This helps make history more useful and meaningful.”，可知将历史与生活关联能让历史更有用、更有意义。 4．对应全文，文章第一段点明“Here are some methods to help you and your history-learning journey.”，随后介绍了多种学好历史的方法，主旨在于通过好方法更好地学习历史。 From lunch boxes and drinking bottles to furniture and clothes, plastic is used to make lots of everyday things. When these things are thrown away, some of them end up in the sea. The plastic takes hundreds of years to break down. Biodegradable (可生物降解的) plastics were invented to deal with this problem. Biodegradable plastics can break down naturally, but the new problem is that they can not break down completely in the sea. Instead, they break down into very small pieces called microplastics, which are often eaten by fish, birds and other animals. The microplastics are known to be harmful. Recently, scientists have invented a new kind of plastic which could help solve this micro plastic problem. Unlike other biodegradable plastics, the new plastic fully dissolves (溶解) in salty seawater. When the new plastic dissolves, it breaks up into the separate substances (物质). And then small living things in seawater can break them down completely. Studies have shown that the plastic can break down in a few hours in seawater, and in around 10 days in soil. The new plastic has other advantages, too. It is not poisonous. When it is burned, the gas it produces won’t pollute the environment. The plastic can be made hard or shaped into different forms at temperatures above 120℃, so it could be used to make various kinds of things. Takuzo Aida, who led the research, said the new plastic is “strong and recyclable”, and can be used in lots of ways, for example, in replacing single-use plastics. An expert called the idea “a promising (有前景的) product to deal with sea pollution”. 1．Which of the following is TRUE about biodegradable plastics? A．They are unable to break down naturally. B．It takes hundreds of years for them to break down. C．They can break down completely in the sea. D．They produce microplastics that harm animals. 2．How does the passage show the advantages (优点) of the new kind of plastic? ①By telling stories.    ②By raising questions.    ③By giving facts.    ④By offering opinions. A．①③ B．①② C．③④ D．②④ 3．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To tell the value of plastic. B．To show the plastic products. C．To introduce a new kind of plastic. D．To explain the problems of plastic. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了塑料的分解需要很长时间，科学家们发明了一种新型塑料，可以完全分解，并且介绍了这种塑料的优点。 1．根据第二段第二句“Instead, they break down into very small pieces called microplastics, which are often eaten by fish, birds and other animals.”可知，可生物降解塑料会产生微塑料，这些微塑料会伤害动物。 2．根据第三段第五句“Studies have shown that the plastic can break down in a few hours in seawater, and in around 10 days in soil.”可知，作者通过给出研究事实来说明这种新型塑料的优点，故③正确；根据最后一段“An expert called the idea “a promising (有前景的) product to deal with sea pollution”.”可知，作者通过给出专家观点来说明这种新型塑料的优点，故④正确。 3．根据第三段第一句“Recently, scientists have invented a new kind of plastic which could help solve this micro plastic problem.”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是介绍介绍一种新型塑料。 The Hainan Free Trade Port (FTP) (海南自由贸易港) began island-wide special customs operations on Dec.18th, 2025. It’s a landmark of China’s high-standard opening-up. The milestone development is set to inject strong, sustained (持久的) momentum (动力) into the high-quality development of both Hainan Province and the whole country, and into economic integration regionally (地区性地) and globally (全球地). It is also expected to provide a huge boost for free trade. With rich natural resources and the advantages of being backed by China’s mega-market, the Hainan FTP covers the entirety of the 33,900-square-kilometer Hainan Island. The FTP currently has 8 open ports and 10 second-line customs ports. China aims to build the Hainan FTP into an important gateway that leads the country’s opening-up in the new era. Since Dec.18th, the share of zero-tariff (零关税) products in the Hainan FTP has surged from 21 percent to 74 percent, with the number of tariff-free items expanding from about 1,900 to more than 6,600. As a pilot zone for the comprehensive deepening of reform and opening-up, Hainan will manage to build new systems for a higher-level open economy. In the near future, Hainan FTP will take the lead in exploring further institutional opening-up, share development opportunities through open, win-win cooperation. MINI DICTIONARY inject /ɪn'dʒekt/ v.: add a new or exciting quality into a situation eg: inject new energy into the movement. integration /ˌɪntɪ'greɪʃ(ə)n/n.: the act or process of combining two or more things so that they work together eg: an integration of tradition and new technology.China’s mega-market: China’s large and important market comprehensive /ˌkɒmprɪ'hensɪv/ adj.: including almost all the details, facts, information etc. eg: a comprehensive study/review/list/guide 1．How many ports does the Hainan FTP currently have in total? A．8 B．10 C．18 D．20 2．According to the article, what advantages does the Hainan FTP have? A．Advanced technology and a large workforce. B．Rich natural resources and China’s huge market. C．Strong military support and strategic location. D．Low population density and abundant farmland. 3．To better support the topic sentence of Paragraph 3, the writer ________. A．gives examples B．asks questions C．uses pictures D．lists numbers 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文介绍了海南自由贸易港于2025年12月18日启动全岛封关运作这一标志性事件 1．定位到原文第二段最后一句“The FTP currently has 8 open ports and 10 second-line customs ports.”，可知海南自贸港目前有8个开放口岸和10个二线海关口岸，总数量为8+10=18个。 2．定位到原文第二段“With rich natural resources and the advantages of being backed by China’s mega-market”，原文明确指出海南自贸港拥有丰富的自然资源，并且背靠中国超大市场具备优势，和选项B描述完全吻合。 3．第三段的主题句为“中国目标将海南自贸港建设为新时代中国对外开放的重要门户”，作者为支撑该观点，列举了零关税商品占比、零关税商品项目数量的具体变化数据，属于列数字的说明方式。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $